Environmental Impact Assessment Report

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

FOR

PROPOSED STEEL PLANT For Production of Phase Product Production Capacity Installation I M.S. Billets 90,000MTPA 2x15Ton I. Furnace II M.S. Billets 90,000MTPA 2x15Ton I. Furnace TMT Rods 1,20,000MTPA 1x400TPD Rolling Mill Wire Rod 60,000MTPA 1x200TPD Wire Rod Mill At Village: Tarapur; P.O: Mejia, Dist.: Bankura; West Bengal.

M/s AMIYA STEEL PRIVATE LIMITED(UNIT-II)

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT

M/s. ULTRA-TECH ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY AND CONSULTANCY

Unit No. 206, 224, 225 Jai Commercial Complex, Eastern Express Highway, Opp Cadbury Factory, Khopat, Thane (West) – 400 061 Tel: 022-2534 2776, Fax: 022-25429650, Email: [email protected] Website: www.ultratech.in

September, 2019

EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...... 14

1.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 14 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ...... 14 1.3. IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT ...... 15 1.4 PROJECT DETAILS ...... 15 1.5. LOCATION OF THE PROJECT: ...... 17 1.6 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY AND OR REGION 20 1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...... 21 1.8 APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ...... 21 1.9 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT ...... 22 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DISCRIPTION ...... 24

2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT ...... 24 2.2 NEED AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT ...... 24 2.3 PROJECT DETAILS ...... 24 2.3.1 Salient Feature of the Project ...... 24 2.3.2 Production Capacity ...... 25 2.3.3 Raw materials...... 25 2.3.4 Material Balance ...... 25 2.4 MANUFACTURING PROCESS DESCRIPTION ...... 26 2.4.1 Process Description of Induction Furnace with Billet Caster ...... 26 2.4.2 Process Description of Rolling Mill ...... 29 2.4.3 Process Description of Wire Rod ...... 30 2.5 LAYOUT ...... 32 2.6 POWER, WATER SUPPLY AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS 34 2.6.1 Power Requirement:...... 34 2.6.2 Water Requirement ...... 34 2.6.3 Manpower Requirement...... 35 CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 36

3.1 GENERAL ...... 36

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3.2 GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY ...... 36 3.2.1 Geology ...... 36 3.2.2 Hydrology ...... 38 3.2.3 Drainage ...... 40 3.2.4 Seismicity ...... 42 3.3 LAND USE/LAND COVER OF THE STUDY AREA ...... 43 3.3.1 Methodology ...... 43 3.3.2 Data ...... 44 3.3.3 Land-use classifications: ...... 46 3.3.4 Land-use Pattern ...... 48 3.3.5 Drainage Pattern...... 49 3.3.6 Elevation Model of the Study Area ...... 50 3.4 METEOROLOGICAL DATA ...... 51 3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ...... 53 3.5.1 Methodology Adopted for the Study ...... 53 3.5.2 Sampling and Analytical Techniques ...... 54 3.6 NOISE 57 3.6.1 Objective ...... 57 3.6.2 Methodology ...... 57 3.6.3 Method of Monitoring and Parameters Measured ...... 59 3.6.4 Noise Results ...... 60 3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 61 3.7.1 Methodology ...... 61 3.7.2 Water Sampling Locations ...... 61 3.7.3 Ground and Surface Water Quality Results ...... 63 3.7.4 Observations ...... 68 3.8 SOIL 68 3.8.1 Selection of sampling Locations ...... 68 3.8.2 Methodology ...... 70 3.8.3 Soil Results ...... 70 3.9 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 73 3.9.1 Introduction ...... 73 3.9.2 Objectives of Ecological studies: ...... 74 3.9.3 Survey Methodology ...... 74

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3.9.4 Study Area ...... 75 3.9.5 Biodiversity ...... 75 3.9.6 Agriculture: ...... 80 3.9.7 Macro-phytic Flora: ...... 81 3.9.8 Park, Sanctuaries and Reserve Forest ...... 82 3.9.9 Aquatic Ecology...... 82 3.9.10 Fish Diversity: ...... 83 3.10 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 84 3.10.1 Objective ...... 84 3.10.2 Data Collection ...... 85 3.10.3 Concept & Definitions ...... 85 3.10.4 Project details ...... 86 3.10.5 Male and female population...... 98 3.10.6 Religion ...... 98 3.10.7 SC and ST Population: ...... 99 3.10.8 Educational status: ...... 99 3.10.9 Occupational Structure...... 100 3.10.10 Health Care Facilities ...... 101 3.10.11 Infrastructure, Transport and Communication ...... 102 3.10.12 Socio-Economic Impacts ...... 102 3.10.13 Mitigating Measures ...... 103 3.11 TRAFFIC SURVEY ...... 104 3.11.1 Existing Traffic Scenario & Level of Service...... 105 3.11.2 Modified Traffic Scenario & Level of Service ...... 106 CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 107

4.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 107 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 107 4.2.1 During Construction Phase: ...... 107 4.2.2 During Operation Phase ...... 109 4.3 IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 117 4.3.1 During Construction Phase ...... 117 4.3.2 During Operation Phase ...... 119 4.4 IMPACT MATRIX ...... 123

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4.5 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES . 125 4.6 CONCLUSION ...... 129 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITES AND TECHNOLOGY ...... 130

5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITES ...... 130 5.2 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY ...... 130 CHAPTER 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 131

6.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 131 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 131 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality ...... 134 6.2.2 Surface Water Quality...... 134 6.2.3 Noise Level ...... 134 CHAPTER 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES...... 135

7.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT ...... 135 7.1.1 Objectives ...... 135 7.1.2 Definition of Environmental Risks ...... 136 7.1.3 Identification of Hazards...... 136 7.1.4 Environmental Risk Evaluation ...... 137 7.1.5 Risk Management Measures ...... 140 7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 141 7.2.1 On-Site Emergency Plan ...... 142 7.2.2 On-Site Emergency Management Plan ...... 145 7.3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 152 CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 155

8.1 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 155 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 155 8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 155 8.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL ...... 155 8.5 CER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ...... 156 8.6 DIRECT REVENUE EARNING TO THE NATIONAL AND STATE EXCHEQUER 156 8.7 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS ...... 157 CHAPTER 9: ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS...... 158

CHAPTER 10. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 159

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10.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 159 10.2 EMP DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE...... 159 10.2.1 Air Environment ...... 159 10.2.2 Noise Environment ...... 160 10.2.3 Water Environment ...... 160 10.2.4 Land Environment ...... 160 10.2.5 Biological Environment ...... 161 10.2.6 Socio-economic Environment ...... 161 10.2.7 Health and Safety ...... 161 10.3 EMP DURING OPERATION PHASE ...... 161 10.3.1 Air Environment ...... 161 10.3.2 Noise Environment ...... 163 10.3.3 Water Environment ...... 163 10.3.4 Land Environment ...... 164 10.3.5 Solid/Hazardous Waste Management ...... 164 10.3.6 Biological Environment ...... 165 10.3.7 Socio-economic Environment ...... 166 10.4 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES 166 10.5 CER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ...... 167 10.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL ...... 168 CHAPTER 11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED ...... 169

11.1 CONSULTANTS ENGAGED ...... 169 11.2 LABORATORY FOR ANALYSIS ...... 170

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1: Production Details ...... 16

Table 1.2: Project and Project Proponent Description ...... 16

Table 1.3: Geographical Location and Environmental Setting around Project Site ...... 17

Table 2.1: Salient Feature of the Project ...... 24

Table 2.2: Proposed Production Capacity ...... 25

Table 2.3: Details of Raw Material ...... 25

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Table 2.4 (A): Material Balance for Billet ...... 25

Table 2.4 (B): Material Balance for Rolling Mill ...... 26

Table 2.4 (C): Material Balance for Wire Rod ...... 26

Table 2.5: Proposed Land Use break up of Project Site ...... 32

Table 2.6: Power Demand...... 34

Table 2.7: Manpower Details ...... 35

Table 3.1: The Dynamic Groundwater Resources of East Medinipur District ...... 42

Table 3.2: Land-use Classification – Area ...... 47

Table 3.3: Meteorological Monitoring At study area ...... 52

Table 3.4: Meteorological Data Recorded at study area ...... 52

Table 3.5: Techniques Used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ...... 54

Table 3.6: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 55

Table 3.7: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results ...... 56

Table 3.8: Noise Level Monitoring Stations in the Study Area ...... 58

Table 3.9: Ambient Noise Monitoring Results ...... 60

Table 3.10: Ambient Noise Standards ...... 60

Table 3.11: Water Quality Sampling Locations ...... 61

Table 3.12: Ground Water Characteristics...... 63

Table 3.13: Surface Water Characteristics...... 66

Table 3.14: Soil Sampling Stations in the Study Area...... 69

Table 3.15(A): Soil Analysis Results...... 71

Table 3.15(B): Standard Classification of Soil ...... 73

Table 3.16: Presence of vegetation up to10 km surroundings of the project site ...... 75

Table 3.17: List of Dominant Fauna Recorded in Study Area ...... 79

Table 3.18: List of Dominant Avifauna Recorded in Study Area ...... 80

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Table 3.19: List of Agricultural Species in the Study Area ...... 80

Table 3.20: Checklist of Aquatic Macrophytes & Marshy Plants ...... 81

Table 3.21: Checklist of Plankton Species in the Study Area ...... 83

Table 3.22: Checklist of Fish Species ...... 83

Table 3.23: List of Villages within 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site and Demographic details ...... 89

Table 3.24: Recommended PCU Factors on Urban Roads ...... 104

Table 3.25: Traffic Survey, Node I ...... 105

Table 4.1: Non-Hazardous Solid Waste...... 110

Table 4.2: Hazardous Solid Waste ...... 110

Table 4.3: Stack and flue gas emissions details ...... 111

Table 4.4: Modelled concentrations for present scenario ...... 113

Table 4.5: Comparative Account of resultant concentration ...... 113

Table 4.6: Specifications of APC Devices ...... 120

Table 4.7: Rain Water harvesting potential calculation: ...... 122

Table 4.8: Impact Matrix ...... 123

Table 4.9: Summary of Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 125

Table 4.10: Overall Matrix ...... 129

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring During Project Construction Stage ...... 131

Table 6.2: Environmental Monitoring During Project Operation Stage ...... 133

Table: 7.1: Hazard Identification for the proposed steel plant ...... 136

Table 7.2: Relative Risk Potential ...... 139

Table 7.3: Risk Potential Evaluation ...... 139

Table 7.4: Summary of Risk Analysis ...... 140

Table 8.1: Year wise proposed CSR Activities by Amiya Steel Pvt Ltd ...... 156

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Table 10.1: Rain Water harvesting potential calculation: ...... 164

Table 10.2: List of big trees for proposed plantation ...... 165

Table 10.3: Cost of Environmental Protection Measures ...... 167

Table 10.4: Year wise proposed CSR Activities by Amiya Steel Pvt Ltd ...... 167

Table 11.1: EIA Team...... 169

Table 11.2: EIA Coordinator and Functional Area Experts Involved in the EIA...... 170

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure.1.1. Steps for obtaining Environmental clearance ...... 15

Figure 1.2: Location Map ...... 19

Figure 1.3: Toposheet of 10 KM Study Area ...... 19

Figure 1.4: Connectivity map of the project site...... 20

Figure 2.1: Flow chart showing Process Flow for Manufacturing of M.S. Billet ...... 28

Figure 2.2: Schematic diagram of Billet Caster process ...... 29

Figure 2.3: Flow chart showing Process flow chart of Rolling Mill ...... 30

Figure 2.4: Schematic Diagram of Rolling Mill process ...... 32

Figure 2.5: Layout Showing Proposed Storage Facilities ...... 33

Figure 2.6: Water Balance Diagramme ...... 34

Plate 2.7: Site Photographs ...... 35

Figure 3.1: Physiographic map of Bankura District ...... 38

Figure 3.2: Depth of Ground Water level in Bankura district ...... 40

Figure 3.3: Rivers and geomorphology of Bankura...... 41

Figure 3.4: Seismic Map of West Bengal ...... 43

Figure 3.5: Project Site on Google image ...... 44

Figure 3.6: 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site on Toposheet ...... 45

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Figure 3.7: Satellite Image Map...... 46

Figure 3.8: Map of LULC Classification (10 Km. Radius) ...... 47

Figure 3.9: LULC Classification...... 48

Figure 3.10: Drainage map of the study area ...... 49

Figure 3.11: Digital Elevation Model ...... 50

Figure 3.12: Road map of the study area ...... 51

Figure 3.13: Village map of the study area ...... 51

Figure 3.14: Wind rose for period of October 2018 to December 2018...... 53

Figure 3.15(A): Map Showing Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations...... 55

Figure 3.15(B): Map Showing Ambient Noise Quality Monitoirng Locations ...... 59

Figure 3.15(C) : Map Showing Water Sampling Locations ...... 62

Figure 3.15(D): Map showing Soil Sampling Locations ...... 70

Figure 3.16: Study Area for Biological Environment ...... 75

Plate 3.17: Avifauna Observed in the Study Area ...... 78

Plate 3.18: Butterflies in the Study Area ...... 79

Figure 3.19: Project Location ...... 87

Figure 3.20: Villages within 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site ...... 88

Figure 3.21: Male-Female Population Distribution Chart ...... 98

Figure 3.22: SC and ST Population Distribution ...... 99

Figure 3.23: Literates and Illiterate Population ...... 100

Figure 3.24: Sukanta Smriti Vidyamandir, Tarapur ...... 100

Figure 3.25: Distribution of working population ...... 101

Figure 3.26: Location of the Node for Traffic Survey ...... 104

Figure 4.1: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for PM10...... 114

Figure 4.2: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for PM2.5...... 115

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Figure 4.3: Schematic Diagram of APC devices...... 121

Figure 7.1: Environmental Risk Qualitative Analysis ...... 138

Figure 7.2: News Paper Notice of Public Hearing ...... 153

Figure 10.1: Air Pollution Control System ...... 162

Figure 10.2: Green Belt development Plan ...... 166

Figure 10.3: Environment Management Cell...... 168

LIST OF ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE I: Copy of Terms of Reference & TOR Compliance ANNEXURE II: Project Site Layout Plan ANNEXURE III: Baseline Monitoring Results ANNEXURE IV: Permission of withdrawal of ground Water ANNEXURE V: Electricity Permission ANNEXURE VI: Land Document ANNEXURE VII: Proposed Occupational Health & Safety Policy ANNEXURE VIII: Proceedings of Public Hearing

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 Introduction

Amiya Steel Private Limited is a Private limited company, incorporated on 01 August 2002. It is classified as Non-govt. company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Kolkata. Its authorized share capital is Rs.15 Crores and its paid up capital is Rs.12.8 crores. It is involved in Manufacture of Basic Iron & Steel.

M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd; Unit II is proposing to set up Induction Furnace Plant, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill for manufacturing of billets, TMT Bars & wire rods at Village - Tarapur, P.O/P.S - Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal.

Project Location

Figure E-1: Location map of the Project Site

The details of environmental setting are given below.

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Table E.1: Environmental Setting around Project Site S.N Particulars Details 1 Name of Project Proposed set up of Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill for manufacturing of billets, TMT Bars & wire rods of M/s Amiya Steel Private Limited - Unit II at Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal. 2 Project Proponent M/s Amiya Steel Private Limited 3 Plant location Plit No 1491 & 1493, Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, P.O- Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal 4 Coordinates Pillar No Coordinates A 23°33'14.03"N 87° 6'3.44"E B 23°33'13.17"N 87° 6'2.41"E C 23°33'11.58"N 87° 6'3.34"E D 23°33'9.19"N 87° 6'11.13"E E 23°33'12.39"N 87° 6'12.46"E

5 Toposheet Number 73 M/2, 73 M/3 6 Maximum temperature 49°C 7 Minimum temperature 5°C 8 Annual rainfall 1303.7 mm 9 Predominant wind directions North-East 10 General elevation above MSL Highest – 86 MSL; Lowest – 82 MSL. 11 Nearest highways National Highway - 2 : 8.6 Km, NE; National Highway – 60 : 0.47 Km, E 12 Present land use at the site Industrial Land 13 Nearest railway station Raniganj Railway Station: 5.8 km, NNE 14 Nearest Airport Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport : 170 km, SE; 15 Nearest major water bodies Damodar River – 2.8 Km, NE 16 Nearest town/City Raniganj Town – 7.6 km, NNE Bankura Town, District Head Quarter - 40 km, S 17 Interstate boundary None within 10 km 18 Archaeologically important places None within 10 km 19 Protected areas as per Wildlife None within 10 km Protection Act, 1972 (Tiger reserve, Elephant reserve, Biospheres, National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, community reserves and conservation reserves) 20 Reserved / Protected Forests None within 10 km

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S.N Particulars Details 21 Defence Installations None within 10 km 22 Seismicity As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) seismic zone map of India, categorized as Seismic Zone-III. 23 Industries • Maa Amba Sponge Iron Ltd.: 1.7 km, WNW • Sova Ispat Ltd.: 1.5 km, NW • Divya Jyoti Sponge Iron Pvt. Ltd.: 5.3 km, SSE

2.0 Project Description

The promoters of ASPL intend to set up Induction Furnace Plant, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill at Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal with an Installed capacity of 1,80,000 MTPA of Billet Ingot, 1,20,000 MTPA of TMT Bars and 60,000 MTPA Wire Rod. Considering the future growth potential of steel market and domestic and international level, ASPL has proposed to set up Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill Plant, & Wire Rod Mill in the notified Industrial Area. The products of the proposed project have been evolved keeping in view the demand pattern for the Iron & Steel market.

The proposed project will be installed in two phases:

Phase -1

Two Induction Furnace of 15 Ton each for production of 90,000 MTPA Billets with the following facilities:

• 2 x 15-ton Induction Furnace (with matching ladle furnace and continuous casting machine) • Billet caster.

Phase -2

• Two Induction Furnace of 15 Ton each for production of 90,000 MTPA Billets each with the following facilities:

a) 2 x 15-ton Induction Furnace (with matching ladle furnace and continuous casting machine) b) Billet caster

• One Rolling Mill of 400 TPD for production of 1,20,000 MTPA of TMT Bars.

• One Wire Rod Mill of 200 TPD for production of 60,000 MTPA

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Parking Shade Induction Furnace Phase I

Wire rod Mill

Induction Furnace Rolling Mill Phase II

Figure E-2: Layout Plan of the proposed Steel Plant

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Table E.2: Salient Features of Proposed Project S.N Description Details 1 Total Land 6.16 Acres 2 Production Capacity Phase 1 Phase 2 Billet 90000 90000 TMT Bar -- 120000 Wire Rod -- 60000

3 Power requirement 20 MW Source: DVC D.G Sets as Backup - 1x880 kVA 4 Water requirement Total fresh water requirement approx. 81 m3/day Source: Ground Water & DVC 5 Man power Permanent Staff 15 Skilled Workers 40 Semi-Skilled Worker 45 Unskilled Worker 110 Total 210

6 Project Cost INR 30.88 Crores 7 Cost towards environment 29.5 Lacs protection 8 Fire Fighting Facilities 1 Dedicated water pipe line 2 Local fire extinguishers

Manufacturing Process Description

Process Description of Induction Furnace with Billet Caster

A. Steel Melt Shop

The induction melting technology in the Global Steel Scenario has brought a significant change in technological and revolution where it has been proved that the steel produced out of sponge iron mixed with Pig Iron and scrap coupled with electric induction furnace, medium frequency, and constant power track.

The charge should be compact and should consist of a number of small pieces of solid selected steel scrap mixed with sponge iron, pig iron, clean turnings, borings or other light scrap and a moderate amount of larger pieces. This is to provide the initial conditions of a high-flux path through the charge for facilitating generation of heat and commencement of melting. The charge is collected in skips on the working platform and is charged into the furnace through the top opening by removing the top lid of the furnace and tripping the skips. Even with the closet packing it is necessary to gradually add the remaining charge as the melting progresses.

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induction coil. As the magnetic fluxes cut through the scraps and complete the circuit, they generate an induced eddy current in the scrap. This induced eddy current, as it flows through the highly resistive path of scrap, generates tremendous heat and melting starts. It is thus apparent that the melting rate depends primarily on two things, (1) the density of the magnetic fluxes, and (2) compactness of the charge. The charge arrangement has already described. The magnetic fluxes can be controlled by varying input of power to the furnace, especially the current and frequency.

This heat is developed mainly in the outer rim of the metal in the charge due to highly resistive path of scrap, but it is carried quickly to the centre by conduction. A pool of molten metal is form at the bottom of the Induction Furnace causing the charge to sink. At this point, any remaining charge is added gradually. The eddy current, which is generated in the charge, has other uses. It imparts a motor effect on the liquid steel, which is there by stirred and mixed and heated more homogeneously. This stirring effect is inversely proportional to the frequency of the furnace and so the furnace frequency is selected in accordance with the purpose for which the furnace will be utilized. The motion of the metal continues till all the charge is melted and the bath develops a convex surface. However, as the convex surface is not favourable to slag treatment, the power input is then naturally decreased to flatten the convexity and to reduce the circulation rate when refining under a reducing slag. The reduced flow of the liquid metal accelerates the purification reactions by constantly bringing new metal into close contact with the slag. Before the actual reduction of steel is done, the liquid steel, which might contain some trapped oxygen, is first treated with some suitable de-oxidiser. When no purification is attempted, the chief metallurgical advantage of the process attributable to the stirring action are uniformity of the products, control over the super-heat temperature, and the opportunity afforded by the conditions of the melt to control de-oxidation through proper additions.

As soon as the charge has melted clear and de-oxidizing actions have ceased, any objectionable slag is skimmed off, and the necessary alloying elements are added, when these activities have melted and then been diffused through the bath, the power input may be increased to bring the temperature of metal up to the point most desirable for pouring. The current then is turned off and the furnace is tilted for pouring into a ladle. As soon as pouring has ceased, any slag adhering to the wall of the crucible is scraped out and the furnace is righted for charging again. As the furnace is equipped with a tight cover over the crucible very little oxidation occurs during melting. Such a cover also serves to prevent cooling by radiation from the surface of the molten metal. Hence the use of slag covering for preventing heat loss and protecting the metal is unnecessary, though the slag are used in special cases. Another advantage of the Induction Furnace is that there is hardly any melting loss compared with the Arc Furnace.

B. Continuous Casting Machine:

Liquid Metal from Induction Furnace is carried in a ladle over the Concast Machine. The liquid metal flows from the ladle through a slide gate system underneath it into water cooled

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copper mould tubes which solidifies the liquid metal into a square shaped mould which we call as M.S. Billets.

The actual casting time in turn will depend on heat size, size of the billets to be cast, steel grade, casting speed and number of strands used. It is important to avoid too long a casting time so that during casting no difficulty may arisen from a decrease in the fluidity of the liquid metal.

Process Description for Rolling Mill

The process involves converting the shape stock viz. Ingots/billets to desired finished section in hot condition by way of passing the material between a pair of grooved rolls and providing suitable reduction at various stages. Whole operation is conducted at a particular temperature range and within a limited time span. Stages of rolling operation are comprised of heating of feed stock to rollable temperature, rolling the feed stock in different mill stands, cropping the hot bar during process of rolling between stands as applicable and subsequently finishing in the form of hot rolled deformed bar in straight length. The hot bar coming out of last pass is then conveyed through TMT line and collecting in a cooling bed after shearing. The bars at almost ambient temperature are sheared to commercial length stored and kept ready for dispatch. In TMT process hot bars are subjected to quenching by means of an intense cooling installation (cooling installation specially designed water spray system). This step hardens the surface layer to martensite while the core structure remains austenite. When the bar is free of water chamber heat flows from core to surface and surface gets tempered to structure called tempered marten site. In the cooling bed due to atmosphere cooling, the hardened zone is tempered by temperature homogenization in the cross section and the austenite core is transferred to ducktile-ferrite-pearlite core.

Process Description for Wire Road

Stock Preparation:

The billets charging will be passed through mechanical Pusher Type and the billets are pushed / charged into the Rolling Mill.

Rolling

The hot billet after being ejected/ discharged from the Continuous Caster Machine will be moved to 1st Roughing Stand– 3 Hi – Fiber Type Bearing type having 7 passes, with the help of conveyor. There will be a ‘Y’ Table and a Turning Wall on either sides of the 1st Stand and there will be an operator facilitated with a control desk to control the movement of the material through various passes on Conveyors etc. The material will further move to another 1 Set of Roughing Mill Stands One No. of 3 Hi having 2 Passes with the help of Repeaters. The Roughing Mill will operate through 1000 HP AC Motor.

The material will move from the Roughing Mill to the Intermediate Mills – 4 No with the help of Bar Way, in the process, it will be passed through 1 Pinch Rolls and a set of Rotary Shears which will Crop the Bad Front and Back ends of the incoming Bar from the Roughing

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Stand. The material will be moving continuously towards the first Intermediate – cum – finishing mill stand.

The material is further transferred to a Set of Continuous Type Stands having 6 Sets of Mill Stands with DC Motors of 235 kW and Single Input Single Output Type Reduction cum- Pinion Gear Box.

Cooling

The incoming finished bar is moved into Twin Channel with Automatic Cooling Bed.

The finished bar is evacuated from the Cooling Bed with the help of Run Out Conveyor and then cut into required lengths with the help of Cold Shearing Machine.

Inspection & Dispatch

The material is finally moved to the Finish Product Storage Area with the help of Overhead Crane. During rolling inspection will be carried out for dimensional accuracy of the finished product. Gauges will be made for different section & size. There will be go-no-go gauge for on line checking. After inspection the material will be ready for dispatch.

The entire manufacturing process as discussed above will be carried out through the complete set of machineries/ equipments consisting of several components. The process of Manufacturing of Billet, TMT Bar & wire Rod is proven technology. The company has proposed to procure modern plant which will be least of human interaction as far as possible during manufacturing process.

Power Requirement

The total power requirement for the proposed project is as given below:-

Table E.3: Power Requirement Phase Demand Expected Source Construction 100 kVA Proposed power demand will be met from DVC. Operational 20 MW (proposed) Proposed power demand will be met from DVC.

Water Supply

The total water requirement will be around 621KL per day, out of which 9KL will be used for domestic purpose. For industrial cooling purpose, around 600KL water will be required from where around 540 KL water will be recycled. 12 KLD water will be required for plantation and sprinkling purpose. For the cooling makeup water and other purpose, total fresh water requirement will be 81KLD. The source of water is Ground water as well as Damodar river (Subject to permission from DVC).

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Manpower

The proposed project will generate employment for around 210 people. Priority for employment will be given to local persons. Following staff & workers are proposed to be employed:-

Table E.4: Manpower Details S. No. Category Proposed No. of Persons 1. Permanent Staff 15 2. Skilled Workers 40 3. Semi-Skilled worker 45 4. Unskilled worker 110 Total 210

3.0 Description of Environment

The area around the proposed Steel Plant has been surveyed for physical features and existing environmental scenario. The field survey and baseline monitoring has been done from the period of October 2018 to December 2018.

3.1 Meteorology

The meteorological parameters were recorded on hourly basis during the study period near proposed project site and the summary of meteorological data generated at site is presented in following Table E.5.

Table E.5: Summary of the Meteorological Data generated at Site Wind Speed Relative Humidity Rainfall Period Temp (°C) (Km/Hr) (%) (mm) Max Min Max Min Max Min October 9.4 0.8 33.1 20.6 82 73 -- November 11.2 0.9 27.2 13.5 81 69 -- December 8.5 0.5 21.6 9.0 79 68 --

3.2 Air Environment

8 ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected in and around the project site and studies were carried out as per CPCB standards. Levels of PM10 and PM2.5 are found to exist in the range of 69 to 95 µg/m3 and 34 to 51 µg/m3 respectively. Sulphur dioxide and Oxides of Nitrogen are observed in the range of 10 to 19 µg/m3 and 21 to 32 µg/m3 respectively which are well within limits as per National Ambient Air Quality standards 2009.

3.3 Noise Environment

The noise monitoring has been conducted for determination of noise levels at 8 locations in the study area. Noise level of the study area varied from 55.2 to 70.3 dB (A) in day time and

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from 45.1 to 63.3 dB (A) in the night time, which are well within the limits as per ambient noise standards.

3.4 Water Environment

Ground Water Quality

• The analysis results indicate that the pH ranges in between 6.9 to 7.4, which is well within the specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5. The minimum pH of 6.9 was observed at GW8; the maximum pH of 7.4 was observed at GW1 & GW6. • Total hardness was observed to be ranging from 196 to 306 mg/l. The minimum hardness (196 mg/l) was recorded at GW7 and the maximum (306 mg/l) was recorded at GW5. • Chlorides were found to be in the range of 77 to 118 mg/l, the minimum concentration of chlorides (77 mg/l) was observed at GW7, whereas the maximum value of 118 mg/l was observed at GW5. • Sulphates were found to be in the range of 38 to 98 mg/l. The minimum value observed at GW7 (38 mg/l) whereas the maximum value observed at GW5 (98 mg/l). • The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations were found to be ranging in between 380 to 582 mg/l, the minimum TDS observed at GW7 (380 mg/l) and maximum concentration of TDS observed at GW5 (582 mg/l). • Iron and Zinc found below detectable limit.

Surface Water Quality

• The analysis results indicate that the pH values in the range of 7.2 to 7.6, the minimum value was observed at SW3 and maximum value was observed at SW1. • DO was observed to be in the range of 4.8 to 5.5 mg/l. The minimum DO value was observed at SW4 and maximum DO was observed at SW2. • The TDS was observed in the range of 182 to 360 mg/l, the minimum TDS value was observed at SW1 & SW2, and where as maximum value was observed at SW4. • The chlorides and Sulphates were found to be in the range of 40 to 76 mg/l and 7 to 38 mg/l, respectively. • Total hardness expressed as CaCO3 ranges between 102 to 188 mg/l. • The calcium & magnesium were found to be in the range of 26 to 58 mg/l and 6 to 18 mg/l, respectively. Zinc is found below detectable limit.

3.5 Soil Quality

A total of 8 samples within the study area were collected and analysed. It has been observed that the texture of soil is mostly Sandy Clay in the study area. It has been observed that the pH of the soil quality ranged from 6.5 to 7.4 indicating that the soil is slightly alkaline in nature. The electrical conductivity was observed to be in the range of 0.245 to 0.423 ms/cm.

3.6 Ecology and Biodiversity

As per records of the forest Department there are no Wildlife sanctuaries, National parks/biosphere reserves and migratory corridors of important species in the study area. As

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per the records of the Botanical Survey of India there are no plants of conservation importance in the study area. It can be concluded that there are no endangered species in the study area as per the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

3.7 Socio Economics

The total population of the study area as per the Census of 2011 is 292104. The sex ratio of the area is 927 (females) per 1000 (Males): The sex ratio for the study area is less as compared to the average sex ratio of the Barddhaman (Burdwan) district (945) and Bankura district (957). There are about 62008 households in the study area.

4.0 Anticipated Environment Impacts and Environment Management Plan

Land/Soil Environment Impact Mitigation

During construction phase the excavated loose soil will be utilized for levelling of low lying areas inside the plant. Thus, the impact on land during construction phase is insignificant. The impacts due to the project on soils are restricted to the construction phase which will get stabilized during operational phase. Minimal dust generation during levelling operation is the only impact on soil during construction phase. Hence, the impact on soil characteristics will be insignificant during operation phase.

Air Impact Mitigation

Impacts of construction activities on air quality are cause for concern mainly in the dry months due to conditions for formation and entrainment of dust particles. The main sources of emission during the construction period are the movement of equipment at site and dust emitted during the levelling, grading, earthworks, foundation works and other construction related activities. During operational phase, the major sources of air pollution from the operation of the proposed steel plant are emission from Induction Furnace. Flue Gas Emissions from the Induction Furnace will be directed through the bag filter as Air Pollution Control Device and exhaust pipes (stack). 40m stack heights is proposed as per norms of CPCB.

Noise Impact Mitigation

During construction, minor construction traffic for loading and unloading, fabrication and handling of equipment and materials are likely to cause an increase in the ambient noise levels. The areas affected are those close to the site which in this case is within the project area. Once the proposed project becomes operational, there will be noise generation from the sources like material transportation, rolling mill, casting machine, furnace etc.

Water Impact Mitigation

There will be increased storm water run-off due to increase in the paved area, but proper/suitable arrangements will be made to channelize such excess storm water run-off efficiently that no area in the downstream gets affected by such excess storm water run-off.

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During operation, the domestic wastewater will be disposed/routed through septic tank followed by soak pit and no wastewater will be generated from the industrial process.

Ecology and Biodiversity Impact Mitigation

The proposed project will be carried out within the land, which is already under possession of M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. The land is industrial and also does not have any fauna of importance. Therefore, the impact of construction activities on terrestrial ecology will be insignificant. During the operation phase, flue gas emission is expected from the induction furnace. No industrial waste water will be generated. Hence, negligible adverse impact on the biological environment is envisaged due to the proposed project activities and operation. Moreover, a considerable area of the plant will be brought under green belt which provides habitat for birds and smaller mammalian species. Green belt will attenuate impacts of pollution on the flora and fauna and inhibiting ground level concentrations in the 10 km buffer zone of the study area. Socio-Economic Environment Impact Mitigation

Project and associated installation of induction furnace and construction of rolling mill and wire rod mill plant will eventually lead to permanent job opportunities in the organized and unorganized sector. There is likely to be increased demand for security, kitchen help, need for drivers etc.Development of physical infrastructure due to construction of the plant which could benefit the local population

5.0 Environmental Monitoring Programme

It is imperative that M/s. Amiya Steel shall continue to monitor environmental health, post clearance.

• It helps to verify the predictions on environmental impacts presented in this study. • It helps to indicate warnings of the development of any alarming environmental situations, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures in advance.

Detailed EMP plan during construction and operation phase is given chapter 6 of EIA/EMP report.

6.0 Capital Investment and Project Schedule

The proposed Steel Plant is estimated to cost Rs 30.88 crores and the proposed project is estimated to be completed within 18 months after obtaining all the regulatory clearances. The phase wise breakup is given below: Phase I - 11.08 Cr. Phase II – 19.880

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7.0 Project Benefits

The Proposed project will have indirect positive impact on surrounding area which is as mentioned below:

• The proposed project will be carried out on the land which is already under possession of M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd.; hence no displacement of people is required • Substantial Socio-economic benefits • Good Techno-commercial viability • Around the project site semi-skilled and unskilled workmen are expected to be available from local population in these areas to meet the manpower requirement during construction phase. • Infrastructural facilities will be improved due to the project • Secondary employment will be generated thereby benefiting locals

Thus a significant benefit to the socio-economic environment is likely to be created due to the project.

8.0 Corporate Social Responsibility

Amiya Steel Pvt Ltd not only carries out business but also understands the obligations towards the society. The unit is aware of the obligations towards the society and to fulfill the social obligations unit will employ semi-skilled and unskilled labor from the nearby villages for the proposed project as far as possible. Unit will also try to generate maximum indirect employment in the nearby villages by appointing local contractors during construction phase as well as during operation phase. The Project Proponents will contribute reasonably as part of their Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) in and will carry out various activities in nearby villages.

The total estimated cost of the project is 30.88 Crores. The project Proponent will allot 2% of the project cost i.e. around 68 Lacs towards the CER activity

9.0 Conclusions

The proposed project will have certain level of marginal impacts on the local environment. However, it would also generate indirect employment generation, improve the social and economic environment in the vicinity and meets the need of the state.

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Amiya Steel Private Limited is a Private organization incorporated on 01 August 2002. It is classified as Non-govt Company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Kolkata. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 150,000,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 128,000,000. It is involved in Manufacture of Basic Iron & Steel.

M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. is proposing to set up its Unit II installing Induction Furnace Plant, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill for manufacturing of MS Billets, TMT Bars & Wire Rods at Village - Tarapur, P.O/P.S - Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal. The project will be completed in two phases. In Phase I the proponent is willing to install 2x15MT Induction furnace for production of 90,000 MTPA MS billets and in phase II this is proposed to install 2x15MT Induction Furnace, 1x400TPD Rolling mill and 1x200TPD Wire rod mill for production of 90,000MTPA MS Billets, 1,20,000MTPA TMT Bar and 60,000MTPA Wire Rod respectively.

This chapter describes the purpose of the report, identification of the proposed project, project proponent, brief description of nature, size and location of the project and importance to the region and country. This chapter also describes the scope of the study and details of regulatory scoping carried out as per Terms of Reference (TOR) issued by SEIAA, West Bengal.

1.2 Purpose of the Report

As per Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September 2006, the proposed project comes under Item No. 3(a) of Category ‘B’ for which Environmental Clearance (EC) from SEIAA is necessary.

The application for TOR (Form-1 and PFR) was submitted to MOEF&CC Portal on 23.10.2018 and the same was reviewed by the State Expert Appraisal Committee held on 10.12.2018 (165th meeting of Industry -2). TOR has been issued by SEAC, West Bengal vide letter No. 726-2N-61/2018(E) dated 13.12.2018. A copy of the letter giving the details of the TOR and its compliance is enclosed as Annexure-I. This EIA report is prepared in line with TOR conditions recommended by SEAC committee (IND-2).

ULTRA-TECH (Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory), Thane, has been retained by M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. ltd as NABET Accreditated Environmental consultant to undertake the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study considering various environmental components, which may be affected due to the proposed project. The process for obtaining the Environmental clearance is depicted in Figure 1.1

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Project Concept

Form 1, Pre-feasibility Project Report with Proposed TOR to SEIAA

Scoping by SEAC

TOR approved by SEAC EC - rejected by SEIAA on recommendation of SEAC

Draft EIA Report to SPCB Summary EIA and Form 1 – by Project Proponent display on the Website by SPCB

Public Consultation process by SPCB

Display on MoEF&CC Portal Display at Panchayat, ZP, DM/DC/ Proceedings of Public Consultation Dy. Com & on the SPCB website

To Proponent for Submission of Final EIA Appraisal and Recommendation by SEAC Report/Supplementary Report to Draft EIA

Approval by SEIAA

Rejected Approved Display on MoEF&CC Website & Project Proponent Website

Post EC Submission of half yearly Compliance Display of Compliance Report Monitoring Report to MoEF&CC/ RO-MoEF&CC on MoEF&CCWebsite

Figure.1.1. Steps for obtaining Environmental clearance

1.3. Identification of Project and Project Proponent

M/s Amiya Steel Pvt Ltd having its registered address at 2nd Floor, 167, Lenin Sarani Road, Gate 5, Chandni Chawk Market,, Kolkata, West Bengal 700072, is a private company, involved in the steel sector from the year of 2002. They are operating their sponge iron unit at Mejia, West Bengal from 2002. The director of the company is Mr. Arindam Mandal

1.4 Project Details

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60,000 MTPA Wire Rod. Considering the future growth potential of steel market and domestic and international level, ASPL has proposed to set up Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill Plant, & Wire Rod Mill in the Industrial Area. The products of the proposed project have been evolved keeping in view the demand pattern for the Iron & Steel market.

The proposed project will be installed in two phases as below:

Table 1.1: Production Details Phase Product Production Capacity Installation I M.S. Billets 90,000 MTPA • 2x15Ton I. Furnace (with matching ladle furnace and continuous casting machine) • Billet Caster II M.S. Billets 90,000 MTPA • 2x15Ton I. Furnace (with matching ladle furnace and continuous casting machine) • Billet Caster TMT Rods 1,20,000 MTPA 1x400TPD Rolling Mill Wire Rod 60,000 MTPA 1x200TPD Wire Rod Mill

Table 1.2: Project and Project Proponent Description Proposed set up of Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill Plant & Name of Project Wire Rod Mill for manufacturing of MS Billets, TMT Bars & Wire Rods by M/s Amiya Steel Private Limited - Unit II at Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal. Project Proponent M/s. Amiya Steel Private Limited Name, contact number and Mr. Arindam Mondal , Director address of Project Proponent Registered office address : 2nd Floor, 167, Lenin Sarani Road, Gate 5, Chandni Chawk Market,, Kolkata, West Bengal 700072 Location of the Project Village : Tarapur District : Bankura Tehsil : Mejhia State : West Bengal Latitude : 23°33'12.62"N Longitude : 87° 6'6.39"E

Name, contact number and Environmental Consultants: address of Consultant M/s. Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory (An ISO 9001-2008 Company, Accredited by NABET, Lab: recognized by MOEF&CC, GoI) Unit No. 206, 224, 225, Jai Commercial Complex, Eastern Express Highway, Opp. Cadbury Factory, Khopat, Thane (W) – 400601 Tel.: 91-22-25342776, 25380198, 25331438

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Fax : 91-22-25429650 Email : [email protected] Website : www.ultratech.in Size of project activity 6.16 Acres Plant Overview Phase 1: 1. 2x15MT Induction Furnace with Billet Caster for production of 90,000MTPA MS Billets Phase 2: 1. 2x15MT Induction Furnace with Billet Caster for production of 90,000MTPA MS Billets 2. 1x400TPDRolling Mill Plant for production of 1,20,000MTPA TMT Bar 3. 1x 200 TPD Wire Rod Mill for production of 60,000MTPA Wire Rod Category of Project i.e. ‘A’ or Category ‘B’ ‘B’ Capacity Proposed production capacity in Phase 1 is 90000 MTPA billets. In Phase 2 the production capacity will be additional 90000 MTPA billets, 120000 MTPA TMT Bars and 60000 MTPA Wire Rods.

1.5. Location of the Project:

The proposed steel plant of M/s. Amiya Steel Private Limited is located at plot no. 1419 and 1493 Village - Tarapur, Chuaberia, P.O/P.S - Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal. The geographical location and Environmental Setting of the project is as mentioned in Table 1.3. The industry has following favourable conditions of the proposed unit:

➢ Vicinity to Market ➢ Availability of Land Area ➢ Availability of Water supply ➢ Availability of Local Labour ➢ Availability of Power ➢ Well developed Transport Infrastructure

The Location map and Google Earth Image is given in Figure 1.2 and Figure 1.3. The connectivity map is shown in Figure 1.4

Table 1.3: Geographical Location and Environmental Setting around Project Site S.N Particulars Details 1 Name of Project Proposed set up of Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill for manufacturing of billets, TMT Bars & wire rods of M/s Amiya Steel Private Limited - Unit II at Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal. 2 Project Proponent M/s Amiya Steel Private Limited 3 Plant location Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, P.O- Mejia, District –Bankura,

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S.N Particulars Details West Bengal 4 Coordinates Pillar No Coordinates A 23°33'14.03"N 87° 6'3.44"E B 23°33'13.17"N 87° 6'2.41"E C 23°33'11.58"N 87° 6'3.34"E D 23°33'9.19"N 87° 6'11.13"E E 23°33'12.39"N 87° 6'12.46"E

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Figure 1.2: Location Map

Figure 1.3: Toposheet of 10 KM Study Area

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Figure 1.4: Connectivity map of the project site

1.6 Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country and or Region National

The development of industrial projects plays a key role in the economic growth of any country. Iron is perhaps the most important metal to the mankind and its principal alloy, steel, is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and defence purposes. Per capita steel consumption is a major indicator of economic status of any country. The Indian steel industry is poised for faster growth in the decades ahead as the industrial and economic development of the country gain space. The steel industry has recorded remarkable performance in recent years. The industry is now capable of producing high quality materials of stringent international specification for high-end applications. The 21st century is widely perceived to be the century of Asia and India is looked upon as one of the economies with most promising prospects. This is a formidable challenge as well as an opportunity to the Indian corporate sector.

Regional

The growth of the steel industry significantly contributes to economic growth of the Nation as well as to the region as it generates employment both directly and also due to development of downstream industries. The infrastructural and other social amenities grow in the region

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leading to overall development of the region. The proposed project will enhance the overall development of the region.

1.7 Scope of the Study EIA integrates the environmental concerns in the developmental activities so that it can enable the integration of environmental concerns and mitigation measures in project development. The study includes detailed characterization of existing status of environment in an area of 10 km radius around project site. In order to get an idea about the existing state of the environment, various environmental attributes such as meteorology, air quality, water quality, soil quality, noise level, ecology and socio-economic environment are studied /monitored. Environmental baseline monitoring has been carried out during October 2018 to December 2018 and used to identify potential significant impacts. The report is prepared as per the Standard TOR.

The scope of the study broadly includes:

• To describe the project and associated works together with the requirements for carrying out the proposed development • To establish the baseline environmental and social scenario of the project site and its surroundings • To identify and describe the elements of the community and environment likely to be affected by the project • To identify, predict and evaluate environmental and social impacts during the construction and operation phase of the project • To study the existing traffic load, predict the increment in traffic due the project and to suggest the management plan for the same • Details about conservation of resources • To design and specify the monitoring and audit requirements necessary to ensure the implementation and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures adopted • To access risk during construction and operation phase and formulate the disaster management plan onsite and offsite • To evaluate proposed pollution control measures and delineate Environmental Management Plan (EMP) • To delineate post-project environmental quality monitoring program

1.8 Applicable Environmental Regulations With respect to prevention and control of environmental pollution, the following Acts and Rules of Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India govern the proposed project:

• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as amended in 1988 • Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as amended in 1987 • Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 amended in 1991 and Environment (Protection) rules, 1986 and amendments thereafter

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• The Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 • Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. • The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 • E- Waste (Management) Amendment Rules, 2018 • The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and as amended • EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006 as amended

1.9 Structure of EIA Report EIA report contains baseline data, project description and assessment of impacts and preparation of Environmental Management Plan and Disaster Management Plan. The report is organized in following ten chapters:

Executive Summary

This chapter describes the summary of the environmental impact assessment studies.

Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter describes objectives and methodology for EIA.

Chapter 2: Project Description

This chapter gives a brief description of the facilities and infrastructure required for the proposed project etc.

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

This chapter presents details of the baseline environmental status for microclimate, air quality, noise, traffic, water quality, soil quality, flora, fauna and socio-economic status etc.

Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

This chapter discusses the possible sources of pollution and environmental impacts due to the project during construction and operation phases and suggests the mitigation measures.

5. Analysis of Alternative Sites and Technology

This chapter describes the analysis of various alternative sites and the technology required for the project.

6. Environmental Monitoring Program

This chapter provides recommendations for Environment Management Plan (EMP) including mitigation measures for minimizing the negative environmental impacts of the project. Environmental monitoring requirements for effective implementation of mitigative measures during construction as well as during operation of the project along with required institutional arrangements for their implementation. Budgetary cost estimates for mitigation measures are also brought out.

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Chapter 7: Additional Studies

This chapter covers information about Public Consultation and Risk Assessment Studies for the construction and operation phase, the safety precautions that are taken during construction phase.

Chapter 8: Project Benefits

This chapter presents the benefits from this project.

Chapter 9: Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis

Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan

This chapter deals with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the proposed Project and indicates measures proposed to minimize the likely impacts on the environment during construction and operation phases and budgetary allocation for the same.

Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultants

This chapter deals with the details of consultants engaged and the NABET accreditation details of environmental consultants.

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CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DISCRIPTION

2.1 Type of project Amiya Steel Private Limited Unit II is proposing to set up Induction Furnace Plant, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill at Village - Tarapur, Chuaberia, P.O/P.S - Mejia, District – Bankura, West Bengal, for production of Billet Ingot, TMT Bars and Wire Rod. Hence, the present proposal is classified under Schedule 3 (a) & Category ‘B’ according to EIA Notification 2006 & subsequent amendments.

2.2 Need and Justification of the Project

Steel is a basic commodity for all industrial activity and its consumption marks industrial prosperity. The steel industry has tremendous forward and backward linkages in terms of material flow, income and employment generation.

Steel is a core industry and thus its demand is strongly linked to the overall economic activity of the nation. Given the inherent long-term potential of the Indian economy and its cyclical nature, the long-term prospects of the steel industry are fairly comfortable. The demand and production has been growing at a healthy rate for the last few years and the forecast for the next decade and half is also very promising.

M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. Unit II has drawn up a growth plan with the objective of increasing its market share in Indian steel industry. Keeping all these in mind, the Company has plan to set up the proposed steel plant for production of Billet Ingot, TMT Bars and Wire Rod in a more environment friendly way at Village - Tarapur, Chuaberia, P.O/P.S - Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal.

2.3 Project Details

2.3.1 Salient Feature of the Project

The salient feature of the project site is given in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1: Salient Feature of the Project S.N Description Details 1 Total Land 6.16 Acres 2 Production Capacity Phase 1 Phase 2 Billet 90000 90000 TMT Bar -- 120000 Wire Rod -- 60000

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S.N Description Details Semi-Skilled Worker 45 Unskilled Worker 110 Total 210

6 Project Cost INR 30.88 Crores 7 Cost towards environment 29.5 Lacs protection 8 Fire Fighting Facilities 3 Dedicated water pipe line 4 Local fire extinguishers 2.3.2 Production Capacity

Table 2.2: Proposed Production Capacity Proposed Production Sl. No. Product Capacity (MTPA) A. Phase – 1 (Immediate) 1. Induction Furnace with Billet Caster 15 MT X 2 90000 B. Phase – 2 (latter Stage) 1 Induction Furnace with Billet Caster 15 MT X 2 90000 2 Rolling Mill Plant 400 TPD X 1 120000 3 Wire Rod Mill 200 TPD X 1 60000 2.3.3 Raw materials

Following raw materials will be required for the manufacturing of Billet, TMT & Wire Rod.

Table 2.3: Details of Raw Material S. No. Product Name Raw Total Consumption Source Mode of Material MT/ Month transport 1 DRI 14000 VENDOR By Road 2 Billet Scrap 3600 VENDOR By Road 3 Pig Iron 360 VENDOR By Road 4 TMT Bar Billet 10000 CAPTIVE/ On line / By Road 5 Wire Rod Billet 5000 VENDOR 2.3.4 Material Balance

Material Balance for Billet, Rolling Mill and Wire Rod are given in the following tables.

Table 2.4 (A): Material Balance for Billet INPUT TONS/DAY OUTPUT TONS/DAY DRI 78% Billet 600 Scrap 20% 740 Pig Iron 2% SLAG 140

Total 740 Total 740

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Table 2.4 (B): Material Balance for Rolling Mill TONS/DAY OUTPUT TONS/DAY INPUT Billet 400 TMT 390 -- -- Scrap 10 Total 400 Total 400

Table 2.4 (C): Material Balance for Wire Rod TONS/DAY OUTPUT TONS/DAY INPUT Billet 200 Wire Rod 195 -- -- Scrap 5 Total 200 Total 200

2.4 Manufacturing Process Description

2.4.1 Process Description of Induction Furnace with Billet Caster

Steel Melt Shop

After the furnace is switched on, current starts flowing at a high rate and a comparatively low voltage through the induction coils of the furnace, producing an induced magnetic field inside the central space of the coil where the crucible is located. The induced magnetic fluxes thus generated cut through the packed charge in the crucible, which is placed centrally inside the induction coil. As the magnetic fluxes cut through the scraps and complete the circuit, they generate an induced eddy current in the scrap. This induced eddy current, as it flows through the highly resistive path of scrap, generates tremendous heat and melting starts. It is thus apparent that the melting rate depends primarily on two things, (1) the density of the magnetic fluxes, and (2) compactness of the charge. The charge arrangement has already described. The magnetic fluxes can be controlled by varying input of power to the furnace, especially the current and frequency.

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Continuous Casting Machine:

Liquid Metal from Induction Furnace is carried in a ladle over the Concast Machine. The liquid metal flows from the ladle through a slide gate system underneath it into water cooled copper mould tubes which solidifies the liquid metal into a square shaped mould which we call as M.S. Billets.

The casting process involves following steps:

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• Checking the individual components of the casting machine and their synchronized operation. • Inspection of Dummy Bar to close the bottom end of the mould. • Accurate entering of the tundish over the mould. • Transferring the ladle to the casting aisle ad placing it on the ladle stand of the casting machine. • Pouring of liquid steel through a slide gate mechanism into lined tundish. • Pouring of liquid steel into the water cooled mould through tundish. • Passage of liquid steel through water cooled mould tubes initiated by withdrawing dummy bar with the help of withdrawal/ straightening rolls. • Oscillation of the moulds. • Maintaining a constant level steel in the mould and introducing lubricants into the mould throughout the casting process. • Controlling the intensity of the cooling of the emerging billets in the primary and secondary cooling area. • Straightening and cutting of billets.

RAW MATERIAL PREPARATION SPONGE IRON SCRAPS (SIZING & PROCESSING)

BLENDING IN PREDETERMINED RATIO

MELTING IN INDUCTION FURNACE

TAPPING OF MOLTEN METAL

CASTING IN CONCAST MACHINE

BILLETS

Figure 2.1: Flow chart showing Process Flow for Manufacturing of M.S. Billet

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Figure 2.2: Schematic diagram of Billet Caster process 2.4.2 Process Description of Rolling Mill

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CUTTING OF BILLET TO DEFINITE LENGTH

PREHEATING THE BILLETS IN DOUBLE ROW REHEATING FURNACE/ DIRECT HOT CHRGING

ROLLING OF PREHEATED SOAKED STOCKS THROUGH NUMBER OF PASSES TILL THE REQUIRED NOMINAL DIAMETER OF BAR IS ATTAINED

CONTROLLED SURFACE QUENCHING OF THE BAR IN THE TMT QUENCHING LINE

SHEARING OF THE BARS WITH FLYING SHARES

COOLING OF THE BARS ON COOLING BED

SHEARING OF BARS TO MARKETABLE LENGTH

SIZE WISE STACKING OF ROLLED TMT BARS

DISPATCH Figure 2.3: Flow chart showing Process flow chart of Rolling Mill 2.4.3 Process Description of Wire Rod

Stock Preparation:

The billets charging will be passed through mechanical Pusher Type and the billets are pushed / charged into the Rolling Mill.

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Rolling

The material is further transferred to a Set of Continuous Type Stands having 6 Sets of Mill Stands with DC Motors of 235 kW and Single Input Single Output Type Reduction cum- Pinion Gear Box.

Cooling

The incoming finished bar is moved into Twin Channel with Automatic Cooling Bed.

The finished bar is evacuated from the Cooling Bed with the help of Run Out Conveyor and then cut into required lengths with the help of Cold Shearing Machine.

Inspection & Dispatch

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Figure 2.4: Schematic Diagram of Rolling Mill process 2.5 Layout

The proposed Unit II will be implemented on 6.16 acres of land. The land required for the proposed steel plant is already under possession of M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd Unit II. The land use breakup of the project area is given in Table 2.5.

Table 2.5: Proposed Land Use break up of Project Site Area Percentage S. No. Land Use Area (Acre) (SQM) (%) 1. Plant Area, Office buildings, 2.30 9307.77 37.33 Paved Area (Road, Corridor) and open 3237.49 2. 0.8 12.99 area 3. Parking Area 0.98 3965.919 15.91 4. Green Belt Area 2.08 8417.461 33.77 Total 6.16 24928.64 100

Layout plan of the proposed steel plant including proposed facilities have been given in Figure 2.3 and also as Annexure II.

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Parking Shade Induction Furnace Phase I

Wire rod Mill

Induction Furnace Rolling Mill Phase II Figure 2.5: Layout Showing Proposed Storage Facilities

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2.6 Power, Water Supply and Other Infrastructure Requirements

2.6.1 Power Requirement:

The total power requirement for the proposed project is as given below:-

Table 2.6: Power Demand Phase Demand Expected Source Construction 100 kVA Proposed power demand will be met from DVC Operational 20 MW (proposed) Proposed power demand will be met from DVC. 2.6.2 Water Requirement

The total water requirement will be around 621KL per day, out of which 9KL will be used for domestic purpose from where around 4.18KL sewage water will be generated which will be flowed to septic tank followed by soak pit. For industrial cooling purpose, around 600KL water will be required from where around 540 KL water will be recycled. Another 12 KLD water will be required for plantation and sprinkling purpose. For the cooling makeup water and other purpose, total fresh water requirement will be 81KLD. The source of water is Ground water and DVC. A water balance diagram is depicted in Fig 2.6.

Total Water Requirement 621 KLD [Fresh Water 81KLD Recycled Water 540KLD

Domestic Usage Industrial Cooling Plantation & Sprinkling 9 KLD 600KLD 12 KLD

Sewage Water 5 KLD Evaporation Septic Tank Loss 60 KLD Soak Pit Clean Water Tank 540 KLD Recycle Figure 2.6: Water Balance Diagramme

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2.6.3 Manpower Requirement

The proposed project will generate employment for around 210 people. Priority for employment will be given to local persons. Following staff & workers are proposed to be employed:- Table 2.7: Manpower Details S. No. Category Proposed No. of Persons 1. Permanent Staff 15 2. Skilled Workers 40 3. Semi-Skilled worker 45 4. Unskilled worker 110 Total 210

Plate 2.7: Site Photographs

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CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 General

This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The study area covers the region falling within 10 km radius around the proposed steel plant. The existing environmental setting is considered to adjudge the baseline environmental conditions, which are described with respect to climate, hydro- geological aspects, atmospheric conditions, water quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, socio-economic profiles of people, hydro-geological aspects, land use and archaeological importance.

The present report incorporates the data monitored over a period of three months from October 2018 to December 2018. The primary baseline monitoring consists of meteorology, ambient air quality, noise levels, water quality, soil quality and ecology (aquatic and terrestrial). The land use, geology, demography, is based on the secondary data collected from various Government, semi-Government and public-sector organizations.

Methodology

The methodology for conducting the baseline environmental survey obtained from the guidelines given in the EIA Manual of the MoEF&CC. Baseline information with respect to air, noise, water and land quality in the study area were collected by primary sampling/field studies during the period of October to December 2018

The meteorological parameters play a vital role in transport and dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. The collection and analyses of meteorological data, therefore, is an essential component of environmental impact assessment studies. The long term and short term impact assessment could be made through utilization and interpretation of meteorological data collected over long and short periods. Since the meteorological parameters exhibit significant variation in time and space, meaningful interpretation can only be done through a careful analysis of reliable data collected very close to the site.

3.2 Geology and Hydrogeology

3.2.1 Geology

Bankura district has been described as the “Connecting Link between the Plains of Bengal on the east and Chota Nagpur Plateau on the west.” The areas to the east and north-east are low lying alluvial plains, similar to predominating rice lands of Bengal. The surface gradually rises to the west giving way to undulating country, interspersed with rocky hillocks. Much of the country is covered with jungles.

Bankura district is bound in the north and a part of north-east by the district of Burdwan from which it is separated by the natural barrier of the Damodar River. The south-east of the district is bound, over a small distance, by the district of Hooghly, while along the entire

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southern and western boundaries of Bankura lies the districts of Medinipur and Purulia respectively (Source – www.Bankura.org – Natural Resource).

Bankura consists of two different tracts. The western portion marks the gradual descent from the table land of Chota Nagpur to the delta of lower Bengal, consisting largely of spurs projecting from the western table land and of low swelling ridges. However, there is no marked ridge of hills. In the central portion of the district there are rolling downs eventually merging with the alluvial plains. Biharinath which is located near Saltora is the highest hill of the district having height of 1480 ft (451 meters.). Susunia is the second highest hill of Bankura having height of 1450 ft (442 meters.). These hills are found in the high hilly region/hard rock area in the western part of the district.

The western part of the district has poor, ferruginous soil and hard beds of laterite with scrub jungles and Sal (Shorea robusta) woods. Long broken ridges with irregular patches of more recent alluvium have marks of seasonal cultivation. During the long dry season large extents of red soil with hardly any trees lend the country a scorched and dreary appearance. In the eastern part there are wide expanses of rice fields, green during the monsoon but parched and dry in summer.

Bankura district can be geologically divided in three categories according to the height of a total land area of 3,84,496 hectares.

1. High hilly region / Hard rock area: The region consists of the areas like Saltora, Mejia, Khatra, Ranibandh, Gangajalghati etc. covering 176915 Hec. Most of this area does not have irrigation facility. 2. Uneven lands / Hard rock ring area: This consists of the areas like Bankura, Barjora, Chatna, Onda, Simlapal, Taldangra, Raipur, Sarenga etc. It covers 150611 Hec. 3. Even alluvial lands / alluvial area: This type of land includes the areas like Bishnupur, Sonamukhi, Patrasayer, Indus, Joypur, Kotulpur etc. covering 56970 hec.

The greater part of the district consists of a rolling country composed of laterite and alluvium. To the east there is a wide plain of recent alluvium while gneisses and schist of Archaean age are found in the extreme west, which form the eastern boundary of similar rocks in Chhotonagpur. Sedimentary rocks of Gondwana system, forming the southern part of the Raniganj coalfield, occur in the extreme north of the district between Mejia and the Biharinath hill and contain some useful coal seams. Locally, the ferruginous rock is called kankar. The calcareous concretions, commonly used as the sources of lime, are known as ghutin. The Gondwana system is represented in the northern portion of the area. The beds are covered with alluvium contains seams of coal belonging to the Raniganj system. Physiographic Map of the District – Bankura representing the Project Site has been presented by Figure 3.1.

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Project Site

Figure 3.1: Physiographic map of Bankura District

3.2.2 Hydrology Ground-water in the study area occurs both as water-table condition and confined condition. Ground-water in the near surface aquifers occur as water-table condition and in deep aquifers, under confined or sub artesian condition in favorable terrain. The primary source of groundwater is rainfall, a part of which is lost as evaporation and transpiration and another part moves as surface run-off and remaining part percolates into the ground from direct rainfall or by lateral infiltration from surface water-bodies to form saturated ground-water zone.

In the western sector of the study area comprising mainly crystalline rock, ground-water occurs in the weathered mantle of varying thickness from 6 meters to 15 meters under water- table condition. As the water bearing formations are discontinuous and at places groundwater is held under pressure in the fractured conduits, some water is also retained in the thin cover of soil and alluvium mantling stream channel.

Middle sector of the study area is covered by laterite and older alluvium, ground-water occurs in the moderately thick to thin aquifers under unconfined to semi-confined condition. In this region, the ground-water is mainly abstracted through open dug well with limited number of

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low duty tube wells. The yield of such low-duty tube wells (75 meters to 100meters depth) varies from (20 – 25) m3/hour. One-cusec medium-duty production tube wells are also feasible in specific location within the depth of 150 meters BGL.

In the eastern part of the study area, alluvial area is found where ground-water occurs under confined condition below a blanket of clay whose thickness varies around 10 meters. Medium-duty tube-wells are also feasible here. Here several saturated granular zones are likely to occur in the depth span of 40 meters to 200 meters BGL discharging (90 – 180) m3/hour.

Depth of water level:

At Mejia block, the water-level condition is somewhat good. The average water level from the last five years is 5.95 mtrs during summer and during post-monsoon the average water level is 2.15 mtrs BGL. The infiltration rate is good, nearly 10 to 15 percent. Pre-monsoon average is 7.40 mtrs and Post-monsoon average is 4.25 mtrs.

In the year 2001-2002 it has been observed that during the pre-monsoon period there was a great variation in water-level in different part of the district. In a very small part of Patrasayer and Simlapal blocks the water level was 3 m below ground level (BGL). In some of the spots auto-flow faintly existed. In a large part of Sonamukhi, Patrasayer, Indus, Barjora, Mejia, Simlapal, Taldangra and a small part of Raipur, water-level was between 3 to 6 m BGL. The south-western part of Ranibandh and Raipur, western part of Chhatna and Khatra, eastern part of Joypur, Bishnupur and western part of Indus and Kotulpur and in some patches of Taldangra, Onda and Barjora, the water level was above 10 mtrs BGL. In rest of the District, water-level was between 6 m and 10 m BGL. The map of water level depth of Bankura district is given in the Figure 3.2.

Annual fluctuation of water level:

In Mejia block, the water-level condition is somewhat better. The average water level from the last five years is 5.95 m. during summer and during post-monsoon the water level is 2.15 m. The infiltration rate is good nearly from 10 to 15 percent. Pre-monsoon average 7.40 m, post monsoon being 4.25 m.

At proposed project area i.e., Mejia and Gangajalghati, Indpur, Khatra, Ranibandh, it is seen that water level decreases up to 2 m in peak summer and rises upto 1 m. during rainy season. The reason is due to less infiltration by virtue of being hard rock area. Average pre-monsoon water level is 8.20 m, post-monsoon water-level is 5.50 mts.

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Figure 3.2: Depth of Ground Water level in Bankura district

3.2.3 Drainage

Generally drainage pattern depends on the distribution of bed rock, the attitude of stratification of rock, the arrangement of surface of weakness such as joints and faults and (iv) on a number of other structural features. A distinction from "drainage pattern" has been made by some geomorphologists in some instances specially between the individual stream and their spatial relationship to one another, certain so called drainage pattern might better be termed "drainage arrangements" since they refer more to the spatial relationship of individual streams than to the overall pattern made by the individual drainage line

Bankura is drained by Damodar, Darkeswar and Kangsabati along with their tributaries of which Gandheswari, Silai and Kumari deserve special mention. The rivers of the area flow from the north-east to the south-west in courses roughly parallel to one another. They are mostly hill streams, originating in the hills in the west. The rivers come down in floods after heavy rains and subside as rapidly as they rise. In summer, their sand beds are almost always dry. Damodar river forms the northern boundary of the district with Bardhaman district for about 72 kilometres (45 mi) and then flows into Bardhaman district. Sali river which drains the northern part ofthe district is an important tributary of the Damodar. Dwarakeswar is one of the most important one amongst the other rivers flowing through the district. It has many branches or old beds in Onda and Bishnupur police station areas. The main tributaries of Dwarakeswar River are the Gandheswari, the Kukhra, and the Birai. Other major rivers are

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Shilabati and Kangsabati, both of which enter the district from Purulia district, run along a short course in the territory and then enter West Medinipur district. There are some small waterfalls along the course of the Shilabati near Harmasra, and along the course of the Kangsabati in the Raipur area. Amongst the minor rivers in the district are Jaypanda, a tributary of Shilabati, and Bhairabanki.

The important Rivers and geomorphology of Bankura is depicted in Figure 3.3.

Figure 3.3: Rivers and geomorphology of Bankura

Ground water resources

• Ground Water Recharge

The main source of ground water recharge is by the rainfall by direct percolation to the zone of saturation. A significant part of the rainfall is lost as runoff from area while a limited percentage of rainfall therefore reaches zone of saturation and becomes the part of ground water storage after meeting the evaporation and evapo-transpiration losses. There is also ground water recharge from the return flow of irrigation water from dug wells and tube wells operated by the cultivators and from canals.

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The dynamic groundwater resources of Bankura district has been estimated by CGWB following the norms laid down by GEC-1997 methodology and projected as on 31.03.2013 is given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: The Dynamic Groundwater Resources of East Medinipur District Sr. No. Particulars Quantity (HAM) 1 Annual Replenishable Ground Water Resource 178002.06 2 Natural Discharge During Non-Monsoon Period 16232.96 3 Net Ground Water Availability 161769.10 4 Annual Ground Water Draft 74682.48 5 Projected demand for Domestic and Industrial uses 7362.46 upto 2025 6 Net Ground Water Availability for Future Irrigation 84426.38 use 7 Stage of Ground Water Development (%) 46 (“SAFE”) Source: Dynamic Ground Water Resources of India-(As on 31st March 2013) June 2017

3.2.4 Seismicity

According to IS: 1893-1984, the study area falls under Zone-III. It means that the area is covered under “Moderate hazard zone”. There is no major earthquake episode recorded in the study area.

Seismic map of the West Bengal including indication of the Project Site presented in Figure 3.4.

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Project Site

Figure 3.4: Seismic Map of West Bengal

3.3 Land Use/Land Cover of the Study Area

3.3.1 Methodology

Remote Sensing data is a classic source of information on natural resources for a region and provides a record of the continuum of resource status because of its repetitive coverage. Remote Sensing is a powerful and accurate means of collecting data. The study of satellite imagery gives an excellent opportunity to monitor the quantitative extent of vegetation cover as well as qualitative changes due to changes in environment. This aspect is very significant in understanding the dynamics of the earth surface features and phenomenon such as various ecosystems. The present study has been divided into three steps:

❖ Creation of input database. ❖ Analysis. ❖ Preparation of final output.

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3.3.2 Data

3.3.2.1 Toposheet:

Topographical sheet (SOI) scale 1:50,000 No., 73M/2 and 73M/3 were studied for spatial features, ground control points, latitude, longitude and geo-registration of the satellite imageries.

Figure 3.5: Project Site on Google image

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Figure 3.6: 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site on Toposheet

3.3.2.2 Satellite image:

The Satellite data or Satellite Image downloaded from U.S. Geological Survey web site USGS Earth Explorer (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) into the system and a land-use map was prepared. The first step involved was the preparation of standard FCC (using Landsat ETM 8 band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8) and done supervised classified LULC Map of the study area, which was followed by the ground truthing of the image and identification of Ground Control Points (GCP) for the geo- registration of the images.

The Satellite image used for this study details as follow:

• LANDSAT_SCENE_ID "LC81390442018114LGN00" • SPACECRAFT_ID "LANDSAT_8" • SENSOR_ID "OLI_TIRS" • WRS_PATH 139 • WRS_ROW 44 • DATE_ACQUIRED 2018-04-24

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Figure 3.7: Satellite Image Map

3.3.3 Land-use classifications:

A hybrid Level-2 land use classification has been done using supervised classification method. The bands 5, 4, 3 were found to be most appropriate. Finally 8 classes were derived and the image was classified. The classified land use pattern is given in Table 3.2 and represented in Figure 3.8. The False Color Composite of the area is presented in Figure 3.7.

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Figure 3.8: Map of LULC Classification (10 Km. Radius)

Table 3.2: Land-use Classification – Area Sr.No. Classes Area in Sq.Km. Area in Ha. Area in % 1 Agriculture 105.0 10496.9 33.4 2 Barren Land 5.9 591.3 1.9 3 Builtup Land 28.2 2822.7 9.0 4 Fallow Land 114.0 11395.1 36.3 5 Open Land 12.8 1278.2 4.1 6 River Bed 14.1 1411.2 4.5 7 Vegetation 23.6 2356.8 7.5 8 Waterbody 10.6 1063.3 3.4 Total Area 314.2 31415.5 100.0

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Figure 3.9: LULC Classification

3.3.4 Land-use Pattern

3.3.4.1 Built up Land:

It is defined as an area of human habitat developed due to non-agriculture use. The built-up land in 10 km radius from project site comprises of villages, towns, panchayat and revenue villages that include buildings, Industries, factories, transport, communications, utilities in association with water and vegetation. Out of total area, 28.2sq. Km area comes under builtup land class. This is 9 % of total area, Mejia and Raniganj area main urban areas in study area.

3.3.4.2 Vegetation and Agriculture:

The vegetation class use is a function of land productivity and land utilization practices over a period of time. It is an area within the notified forest boundary bearing an association of predominantly of trees and other vegetation types capable of producing timber and other forest produces. These lands are generally occupying the topographically high regions and along to river or waterbody. This land use/land cover class coved 23.6sq. km. area under vegetation and 105 sq. Km. under agriculture class. Together it is 40.9% out of total area.

3.3.4.3 Water Bodies:

This category comprises areas with surface water, either impounded in the form of ponds, lakes, Ocean and reservoirs or flowing as streams, rivers, canals etc. These are seen clearly on the satellite image in blue to dark blue or cyan color depending on the depth of water. These areas were identified and mapped as water bodies; this unit is spatially distributed in 1036 sq.km area which is 3.4% of total area. Damodar River is flowing from west to east in study area. Some lakes and natural ponds are also found in study area. 14.1sq. Km area found under river sand bed area.

3.3.4.5 Fallow Land, Barren Land and Open Land area:

Open land described as degraded land which can be brought under vegetative cover with reasonable effort and which is currently under-utilized and land which is deteriorating due to

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lack of appropriate water and soil management or on account of natural causes. Wastelands can result from inherent/imposed constraints such as, by location, environment, chemical and physical properties of the soil or financial or management constraints. Within study area Open Land class which is 12.8 sq. km. (4.1%) out of area.

Fallow land is a piece of land that is normally used for farming but that is left with no crops on it for a season in order to let it recover its fertility is an example of land that would be described as fallow land. Out of total area 114.0 sq. km area found under this class. This is 36.3% of total area.5.9 Sq. Km area found under barren land.

3.3.5 Drainage Pattern

A drainage system is the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. Drainage basins can be described by the order of streams within them. Streams that have no tributaries (or streams flowing into it) are termed first order streams. When the first order streams join together, they become second order steam. Two second order streams join to form third order stream and so on for forth and further orders. However, a stream may have a tributary with a lower order without becoming a higher order stream. Strahler method of ordering was used for giving order to drainage.

The drainage map of the study area is given in Figure 3.10

Figure 3.10: Drainage map of the study area

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3.3.6 Elevation Model of the Study Area

A digital elevation model (DEM) is a 3D representation of a terrain's surface, created from a terrain's elevation data. A DEM can be represented as a raster data map (a grid of squares), also known as a height map when representing elevation. The DEM map of 10 km radius around the project site is given in Figure 3.11.

Figure 3.11: Digital Elevation Model

Road map and village map of the study area are depicted in Figure 3.12 and 3.13 respectively

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Figure 3.12: Road map of the study area

Figure 3.13: Village map of the study area

3.4 Meteorological Data

The meteorological parameters play a vital role in transport and dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. The collection and analysis of meteorological data, therefore, is an essential

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component of environmental impact assessment studies. The long term and short-term impact assessment could be made through utilization and interpretation of meteorological data collected over long and short periods.

Since, the meteorological parameters exhibit significant variation in time and space, meaningful interpretation can only be done through a careful analysis of reliable data collected very close to the site.

Table 3.3: Meteorological Monitoring At study area S.N. Parameter Instrument Frequency 1 Wind Speed Automatic Weather Continuous Automatic 2 Wind Direction station (Envirotech WM 251) 1 hourly Average 3 Ambient Temperature Max. & Min Wet & Dry Bulb Daily at 08:30 and 17:30 4 Temperature Thermometer IST Daily at 08:30 and 17:30 5 Relative Humidity Hygrometer IST 6 Rainfall Rain Gauge Daily

The aforesaid meteorological parameters were being observed in the field during monitoring period. The analysis of the field observations is given in Table 3.4. The wind rose during the study period is presented in Figure 3.14.

Table 3.4: Meteorological Data Recorded at study area Wind Speed Relative Humidity Rainfall Period Temp (°C) (Km/Hr) (%) (mm) Max Min Max Min Max Min October 9.4 0.8 33.1 20.6 82 73 -- November 11.2 0.9 27.2 13.5 81 69 -- December 8.5 0.5 21.6 9.0 79 68 --

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Figure 3.14: Wind rose for period of October 2018 to December 2018.

3.5 Ambient Air Quality

The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 8 locations within the 10 km radius around the site of project to know the existing background ambient air quality. The purpose of the estimation of background pollutant concentration was to assess the impact of the project on the ambient air quality within the region based on the activities of the project. The parameters chosen for assessment of air quality were PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). Their quality monitoring was conducted as per revised NAAQ standards 2009.

3.5.1 Methodology Adopted for the Study

PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) were the major pollutants associated with project. The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been established through field monitoring data on PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) at 8 locations within the study area. The locations for air quality monitoring were scientifically selected based on the following considerations using climatologically data.

• Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale; • The methodology for conducting the baseline environmental survey and selection of

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sampling locations considered the guidelines given in the EIA manual of the MoEF; • Topography of the study area; • Representative of the regional background air quality for obtaining baseline status; • Representative of likely impact areas.

Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out on 24-hour basis with a frequency of twice a week at a station during the study period for 8 locations.

3.5.2 Sampling and Analytical Techniques

Respirable Dust Samplers PEM-RDS of Poltech instruments were used for monitoring Respirable fraction (<10 microns) and gaseous pollutants like SO2, NO2, CO.. Fine Particulate Air sampler PEM-ADS 2.5/10 of Poltech instruments were used for monitoring fine particles i.e PM2.5 in the ambient air. Table 3.5 shows the techniques for sampling and analysis for these parameters.

Table 3.5: Techniques Used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Technical Détectable Parameters Technique Protocol Limit, (µg/m3) Respirable Dust Sampler PM Gravimetric 10.0 10 (Gravimetric method) FRM method/ Low volume PM Gravimetric 5.0 2.5 sampling (Gravimetric) Sulphur Dioxide West and Gaeke IS-5182 (Part-II) 5.0 Nitrogen Oxide Jacob &Hochheiser IS-5182 (Part-VI) 5.0 Non- Dispersive Infrared Carbone Monoxide IS-5182 (Part 10) 0.01 mg/m 3 Absorbtion Method

Ambient air at the monitoring location is sucked through a cyclone. Coarse and non- respirable dust is separated from the air stream by centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles and these particles fall through the cyclone's conical hopper and get collected in the sampling cap placed at the bottom. The fine dust (<10 microns) forming the PM10 passes the cyclone and is retained on the filter paper. A tapping is provided on the suction side of the blower to provide suction for sampling air through a set of impingers for containing absorbing solutions for SO2 and NO2. Samples of gases are drawn at a flow rate of 0.2 liters per minute.

PM10 has been estimated by gravimetric method. Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2 and Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS- 5182 part-VI, 1975) has been adopted for the estimation of NO2. Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants.

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Duration of Sampling

The duration of sampling of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NOx was each twenty four hourly continuous sampling per day and CO was sampled for 8 hours continuous thrice in 24 hour duration monitoring. The monitoring was conducted for two days in a week for three months. This is to allow a comparison with the present revised standards mentioned in the latest Gazette Notification of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (16th November 2009).

The location of the monitoring stations with reference to the project site is given in Table 3.6 & Figure 3.15(A).

Table 3.6: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Code Latitude Longitude Location Name AAQM-1 23°33’11.87’’N 87°06’05.74”E On Project Site AAQM-2 23°35’53.78’’N 87°06’13.16’’E New Egra Village AAQM-3 23°34’54.07’’N 87°03’56.18’’E Bhului village AAQM-4 23°33’28.36’’N 87°03’26.48’’E Laxmanbandi Village AAQM-5 23°31’39.88’’N 87°04’59.59’’E Kustot Village AAQM-6 23°32’25.72’N 87°06’03.9’’E Benathol Village AAQM-7 23°32’59.14’’N 87°06’59.26’’E Tarapur Village AAQM-8 23°32’52.15’’N 87°71’9.30’’E Gopalganja Village

Figure 3.15(A): Map Showing Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

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The ambient air quality results are as summarized in Table 3.7. The detailed Ambient Air Quality results are as referenced in Annexure III

Table 3.7: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results 3 PM10 ((µg/m ) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Min 75 75 72 71 74 73 69 75 Max 95 95 85 89 91 86 92 86 98 Percentile 95 95 85 89 90 86 91 86 Standard 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 3 PM2.5 (µg/m ) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Min 38 38 41 39 34 40 36 38 Max 48 48 51 46 46 46 48 48 98 Percentile 48 48 50 46 46 46 47 47 Standard 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 3 SO2 (µg/m ) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Min 14 14 12 12 11 10 11 11 Max 18 18 18 16 19 15 15 16 98 Percentile 18 18 18 16 19 15 15 16 Standard 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 3 NO2 (µg/m ) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Min 24 24 24 22 26 21 25 25 Max 29 29 29 27 29 25 32 29 98 Percentile 29 29 29 27 29 25 32 29 Standard 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 CO (mg/m3) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Min 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 Max 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.3 98 Percentile 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.3 Standard 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

Observations of Primary Data

The results of the monitored data indicate that the ambient air quality of the region in general is in conformity with respect to rural/residential norms of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards of CPCB, with present level of activities.

3 PM10: The maximum value for PM10 is observed at A1 & A2, as 95 µg/m , while the minimum value observed at A7, as 69 µg/m3 during the study period.

3 PM2.5: The maximum value for PM2.5 is observed at A3, as 51 µg/m with the minimum value observed at A5, as 34 µg/m3 during the study period.

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3 SO2: The maximum value for SO2 is observed at A5, as 19 µg/m with the minimum value observed at A6, as 10 µg/m3 during the study period.

3 NO2: The maximum value for NO2 is observed at A7 as 32 µg/m with the minimum value observed at A6, as 21 µg/m3 during the study period.

CO: The maximum value for CO is observed at A1, A2 & A6 as 1.6 mg/m3 with the minimum value observed at A8, as 0.9 mg/m3 during the study period.

3.6 Noise

Noise in general is sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. The most common and universally accepted scale is the A weighted scale which is measured as dB (A). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hz and has been designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear. The environmental assessment of noise from the industrial activity, construction activity and vehicular traffic can be undertaken by taking into consideration various factors like potential damage to hearing, physiological responses, and annoyance and general community responses.

3.6.1 Objective

The main objective of monitoring of ambient noise levels was to establish the baseline noise levels in different zones. i. e. Residential, Industrial, Commercial and Silence zones, in the surrounding areas and to assess the total noise level in the environment of the study area.

3.6.2 Methodology

• Identification of Sampling Locations

A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise sources in the area. The sampling location in the area was identified considering location of industry, commercial shopping complex activities, residential areas with various traffic activity and sensitive areas like hospital, court, temple and schools also near the railway track for railway noise.

The noise monitoring was conducted at 8 locations in the study area during monitoring period.

• Equivalent sound pressure level (Leq)

The sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given period of time. Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same time period.

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• Instrument used for Monitoring

Noise levels were measured using an Integrating sound level meter manufactured by Cygnet (Model No. 2031). It had an indicating mode of Lp and Leq. Keeping the mode in Lp for few minutes and setting the corresponding range and the weighting network in “A” weighing set the sound level meter was run for one hour time and Leq was measured at all locations. There are different types of fields for measuring the ambient noise level, e categorized as free field, near field and far field. • Free Field

The free field is defined as a region where sound wave propagates without obstruction from source to the receiver. In such case, the inverse square law can be applied so that the sound pressure level decreases by 6dB (A) as the distance is doubled.

• Near Field

The near field is defined as that region close to the source where the inverse square law does not apply. Usually this region is located within a few wavelengths from the source.

• Far Field

The far field is defined as that region which is at a distance of more than 1-meter from the source.

The location of the monitoring stations with reference to the project site is given in Table 3.8 & Figure 3.15(B).

Table 3.8: Noise Level Monitoring Stations in the Study Area Code Latitude Longitude Location Name ANQM-1 23°33'11.87"N 87°06'05.74"E On Project Site ANQM-2 23°35'53.78"N 87°06'13.16"E New Egra Village ANQM-3 23°34'54.07"N 87°03'56.18"E Bhului village ANQM-4 23°33'28.36"N 87°03'26.48"E Laxmanbandi Village ANQM-5 23°31'39.88"N 87°04'59.59"E Kustot Village ANQM-6 23°32'25.72"N 87°06'03.9"E Benathol Village ANQM-7 23°32'59.14"N 87°06'59.26"E Tarapur Village ANQM-8 23°33'52.15"N 87°71'9.30"E Gopalganja Village

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Figure 3.15(B): Map Showing Ambient Noise Quality Monitoirng Locations

3.6.3 Method of Monitoring and Parameters Measured

Noise monitoring was carried out continuously for 24-hours with one-hour interval. During each hour parameters like L10, L50, L90 and Leq were directly computed by the instrument based on the sound pressure levels. Monitoring was carried out at ‘A’ weighting and in fast response mode.

The important parameters to be measured are Leq, Lday, and Lnight.

Leq: Latest noise monitoring equipments have the facility for measurement of Leq directly. However, Leq can also be calculated using the following equation:

2 Leq (hrly) = L50 + (L10 - L90) / 60

Where,

L10 (Ten Percentile Exceeding Level) is the level of sound exceeding 10% of the total time of measurement.

L50 (Fifty Percentile Exceeding Level) is the level of sound exceeding 50% of the total time of measurement.

L90 (Ninety Percentile Exceeding Level) is the level of sound exceeding 90% of the total time of measurement.

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Lday: This represents Leq of daytime. Lday is calculated as Logarithmic average using the hourly Leq’s for day time hours from 6.00a.m to 10.00p.m

Lnight: This represents Leq of night time. Lnight is calculated as Logarithmic average using the hourly Leq’s for night-time hours from 10.00p.m to 6.00a.m.

3.6.4 Noise Results

The values of noise level parameters like Leq (day), and Leq (night), were monitored during study period and are presented in Table 3.9.

Table 3.9: Ambient Noise Monitoring Results Station Leq dB (A) Leq dB (A) Location Code Day Time Night Time ANQM-1 On Project Site 70.3 63.3 ANQM-2 New Egra Village 59.8 47.0 ANQM-3 Bhului village 60.6 49.6 ANQM-4 Laxmanbandi Village 56.0 46.8 ANQM-5 Kustot Village 59.1 47.3 ANQM-6 Benathol Village 55.2 49.1 ANQM-7 Tarapur Village 56.8 50.4 ANQM-8 Gopalganja Village 55.4 45.1

• Noise Standards

Ambient air quality standard in respect of noise have been stipulated by Govt. of India vide Gazette notification dated. 14.2.2000. Table 3.10 describes ambient noise standards.

In Respect of Noise*

Table 3.10: Ambient Noise Standards Limits in dB(A), Leq Area Code Category of Area ** Day time #Night time A Industrial Area 75 70 B Commercial Area 65 55 C Residential Area 55 45 D Silence Zone @ 50 40

* As per Environment protection act. ** Day Time: 6.00a.m to 10.00p.m. # Night Time: 10.00p.m to 6.00a.m. @ Silence zone is defined as an area upto 100 meters around such premises as hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be declared by the competent authority; Use of horns, loudspeakers and bursting of crackers shall be banned in these zones.

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The noise data compiled on noise levels is given in Table 3.9. Noise level of the study area varied from 55.2 to 70.3 dB (A) in day time and from 45.1 to 63.3 dB (A) in the night time.

3.7 Water Environment

Selected water quality parameters of ground water and surface water resources within the study area have been studied for assessing the hydrological environment to evaluate anticipated impact of the proposed project. Understanding the water quality is essential in the preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment. It also assists to identify critical issues in a view to suggest appropriate mitigation measures for implementation to curb the deterioration of various hydrological sources in the vicinity of the project.

The purpose of this study is to:

• Assess the water quality characteristics for critical parameters; • Evaluate the impacts on agricultural productivity, habitat conditions, recreational resources and aesthetics in the vicinity; and • Predict the likely impacts on water quality due to the project and related activities.

3.7.1 Methodology

6 surface water and 8 ground water samples were examined for physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological parameters in order to assess the effect of industrial and other activities on surface and ground water. The samples were analyzed as per the procedures specified in 'Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater' published by American Public Health Association (APHA).Samples for chemical analysis were collected in polyethylene carboys. Samples collected for metal content were acidified with 1 ml HNO3. Samples for bacteriological analysis were collected in sterilized glass bottles. Selected physic-chemical and bacteriological parameters have been analyzed for projecting the existing water quality status in the study area. Parameters like Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and pH were analyzed.

3.7.2 Water Sampling Locations

Ground water sample was analyzed for various parameters to compare with the standards for drinking water as per IS: 10500. The water sampling locations are listed below in Table 3.11 and Figure 3.15(C).

Table 3.11: Water Quality Sampling Locations Code Latitude Longitude Location Name Ground Water GW-1 23°33'17.91"N 87°06'03.80"E At Project Site GW-2 23°35'08.12"N 87°05'20.32"E Ardhogram Village GW-3 23°35'04.55"N 87°03'50.12"E Bhului Village GW-4 23°33'09.55"N 87°05'53.02"E Chawaberia Village GW-5 23°33'17.86"N 87°06'35.66"E Tarapur Village

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GW-6 23°31'07.04"N 87°06'39.22"E Kendut Village GW-7 23°35'55.28"N 87°06'17.48"E New Egra Village GW-8 23°33'23.93"N 87°03'32.63"E Laxmanbandi Village Surface Water SW-1 23°34’51.62”N 87°06’09.76"E Damodar River Upstream SW-2 23°33’45.99”N 87°07’46.19"E Damodar River Down stream SW-3 23°35’07.98”N 87°05’21.17"E Ardhogram Village SW-4 23°35’05.02”N 87°03’50.59"E Bhului Village SW-5 23°30’11.98”N 87°04’04.29"E Demramol Village SW-6 23°32’09.07”N 87°04’07.01"E Dhoba Village

Figure 3.15(C) : Map Showing Water Sampling Locations

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3.7.3 Ground and Surface Water Quality Results

8 ground water and 6 surface water samples representing water environment have been considered around the existing plant within the periphery of 10 km taking in to account the various uses. The results of ground water and surface water quality are presented in Table 3.12 and Table 3.13. The physico-chemical characteristics of Ground water are confirming to permissible limits of drinking water standards, prescribed in IS: 10500 (Test Characteristics for Drinking Water) and suitable for consumption.

Table 3.12: Ground Water Characteristics

Sl. No Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1. Colour* Hazen [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] 2. Odor* - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3. Temperature 0C 27.3 27.3 26.9 27.2 26.7 27.4 27.4 26.7 4. Turbidity* NTU 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.2 1.6 3.1 2.3 1.8 5. pH - 7.4 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.1 7.4 7.3 6.9 Electrical 6. µS/cm 711 609 818 643 895 646 540 742 Conductivity Total 7. Dissolved mg/L 462 396 532 418 582 420 380 482 Solids Total 8. Hardness as mg/L 230 224 288 220 306 224 196 238 CaCO3 Ammonical BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 9. Nitrogen as mg/L [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] NH3-N 10. Nitrates as mg/L 1.07 1.577 1.740 1.190 1.641 1.070 0.840 1.42

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Sl. No Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8

- NO3 -N Nitrite as 11. - mg/L 0.008 0.012 0.015 0.008 0.009 0.006 0.008 0.012 NO2 -N Phosphates BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 12. 3- mg/L as PO4 [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] [DL=0.03] Potassium as 13. mg/L 3.8 2.5 3.9 2.9 2.8 1.8 1.2 3.8 K* Sodium as 14. mg/L 71.2 49.7 71.5 56.8 81.2 48.5 48.6 71.2 Na* Calcium as 15. mg/L 67 66 84 70 87 67 55 75 Ca Magnesium 16. mg/L 16 15 19 11 22 14 15 13 as Mg Carbonates BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 17. (CO -2) as mg/L 3 [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] CaCO3* Bicarbonates - 18. as (HCO3 ) mg/L 224 176 252 198 246 216 182 214 as CaCO3* Chlorides as 19. mg/L 104 79 113 80 118 82 77 104 Cl- Sulphates as 20. 2- mg/L 49 66 74 62 98 40 38 62 SO4 Fluoride as 21. mg/L 0.42 0.54 0.61 0.50 0.60 0.40 0.30 0.60 F-

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Sl. No Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8

22. Boron as B mg/L 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 23. Iron as Fe mg/L [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 24. Zinc as Zn mg/L [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] Total MPN/ 25. Coliform 100 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Bacteria* ml MPN/ Fecal BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 26. 100 coliform* [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] ml 27. E. Coli* - Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

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Table 3.13: Surface Water Characteristics Sl. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 No BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1. Colour* Hazen [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] 2. Odor* - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3. Temperature 0C 27.4 27.1 26.8 26.8 27.3 26.9 4. Turbidity* NTU 5.9 4.8 2.4 2.3 3.0 5.0 5. pH - 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.5 7.4 7.4 Electrical 6. µS/cm 280 280 523 545 480 418 Conductivity Total Dissolved 7. mg/L 182 182 340 360 310 272 Solids Total Hardness as 8. mg/L 102 114 168 188 158 152 CaCO3 Ammonical BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 9. mg/L Nitrogen as NH3-N [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] [DL=0.1] - 10. Nitrates as NO3 -N mg/L 0.605 0.67 1.21 0.910 0.84 0.641 - 11. Nitrite as NO2 -N mg/L 0.015 0.012 0.009 0.015 0.009 0.007 3- 12. Phosphates as PO4 mg/L 0.12 0.18 1.77 1.35 1.07 1.04 Biochemical Oxygen BDL 13. Demand (270C, mg/L 3.7 7.3 6 4 2 [DL=2] 3Days) Chemical Oxygen 14. mg/L 20 16 40 36 24 12 Demand 15. Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 5.2 5.5 5.0 4.8 5.0 5.3 16. Potassium as K* mg/L 1.0 1.4 3.8 3.3 2.9 1.7

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Sl. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 No 17. Sodium as Na* mg/L 24.1 29.1 52.6 50.1 43.5 35.8 18. Calcium as Ca mg/L 26 35 35 58 34 33 19. Magnesium as Mg mg/L 8.7 6 6 11 18 17 Carbonates (CO -2) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 20. 3 mg/L as CaCO3* [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] [DL=1] Bicarbonates as 21. - mg/L 106 132 168 184 150 148 (HCO3 ) as CaCO3* 22. Chlorides as Cl- mg/L 40 43 76 74 68 57 2- 23. Sulphates as SO4 mg/L 10 7 38 35 38 28 24. Fluoride as F- mg/L 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.51 0.38 0.28 25. Boron as B mg/L 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 26. Iron as Fe mg/L [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] [DL=0.06] BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 27. Zinc as Zn mg/L [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] [DL=0.02] Total Coliform 28. MPN/100 ml 900 350 500 350 140 500 Bacteria* 29. Fecal coliform* MPN/100 ml 50 26 23 60 10 40 30. E. Coli* - Present Present Present Present Present Present

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3.7.4 Observations

Ground Water Quality

Surface Water Quality

3.8 Soil

Soil is generally differentiated into two horizons of minerals and organic constituents of variable depth, which differ from the parent material below in morphology, physical properties, constituents, chemical properties, and composition and biological characteristics. The physico- chemical characteristics of soil have been determined at 8 locations during the monitoring period with respect to colour, texture, cation exchange capacity, pH, N, P, and K etc. The sampling locations have been selected to represent the study area.

3.8.1 Selection of sampling Locations

The sampling locations have been identified with the following objectives:

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• To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area; • To determine the impact of existing plant on soil characteristics; and • To determine the impact on soils more importantly from agricultural productivity point of view.

Eight locations within 10 km radius around the project site were selected for soil sampling. The details of the sampling locations are given in Table 3.14 and Figure 3.15(D). The soil samples have been analyzed for physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in accordance with the USEPA and Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) standard test methods. The analysis results of all the locations are presented in Table 3.15(A). The results are compared with standard classification given in Table 3.15(B).

Table 3.14: Soil Sampling Stations in the Study Area Code Latitude Longitude Location Name S-1 23°33'11.75"N 87°06'05.56"E Project Site S-2 23°35'53.55"N 87°06'13.32"E New Egra S-3 23°34'54.13"N 87°03'56.14"E Bhului S-4 23°33'28.22"N 87°03'26.41"E Laxmanbandi S-5 23°31'39.58"N 87°04'59.39"E Kustot S-6 23°32'25.42"N 87°06'03.99"E Benathol S-7 23°32'59.34"N 87°06'59.56"E Tarapur S-8 23°33'52.35"N 87°71'9.60"E Gopalganja

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Figure 3.15(D): Map showing Soil Sampling Locations

3.8.2 Methodology

The soil samples were collected during monitoring period. The samples collected from the all locations are homogeneous representative of each location. At random 4 sub locations were identified at each location and soil was dug from 30 cm below the surface. It was uniformly mixed before homogenizing the soil samples. The samples were filled in polythene bags, labelled in the field with number and site name and sent to laboratory for analysis.

3.8.3 Soil Results

The detailed soil results of all the monitoring locations are as shown in Table 3.15(A).

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Table 3.15(A): Soil Analysis Results S.N. Test Parameter Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish 1. Color* - Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown 2. pH(1:2.5 Soil: Water) - 7.0 6.9 7.4 6.8 6.5 7.1 7.3 7.0 Electrical 3. Conductivity (1:2 Soil: ms/cm 0.245 0.321 0.258 0.312 0.423 0.328 0.289 0.294 Water Extract) 4. Bulk Density kg/m3 1157 1164 1156 1163 1109 1176 1198 1145 5. Organic Matter % 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.7 6. Total Organic Carbon % 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 7. Moisture Content % 2.1 4.7 6.1 7.1 5.9 3.6 7.3 7.8 Water Holding 8. % 48.1 44.8 47.8 42.8 45.0 46.6 50.8 44.2 Capacity Cation Exchange 9. meq/100g 25.5 25.5 26.6 27.0 25.2 29.3 30.2 28.2 Capacity Sodium as Na 10. meq/100g 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 (Exchangeable) Potassium as K 11. meq/100g 2.1 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.3 2.6 1.4 2.5 (Exchangeable) Calcium as Ca 12. meq/100g 8.2 9.3 10.3 8.2 7.2 13.4 12.3 10.3 (Exchangeable) Magnesium as Mg 13. meq/100g 14.4 12.4 11.3 14.4 12.4 12.4 15.5 14.4 (Exchangeable) Sodium as Na (water 14. mg/kg 195 185 124 105 137 175 152 148 Extractable)* 15. Potassium as K (water mg/kg 84 79 64 54 75 69 62 59

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Extractable)* Calcium as Ca (water 16. mg/kg 115 99 181 181 132 148 148 181 Extractable)* Magnesium as Mg 17. mg/kg 140 120 110 100 150 90 130 140 (water Extractable)* Chloride as Cl- (water 18. mg/kg 91 81 70 91 111 101 60 70 Extractable)* Sulfate as SO --(water 19. 4 mg/kg 89 94 81 136 112 142 98 91 Extractable)* Available Phosphorus 20. kg/ha 167 198 195 157 200 166 184 173 as P2O5 Available Potassium 21. kg/ha 444 551 511 492 522 504 634 518 as K2O Available Nitrogen as 22. kg/ha 258 285 308 274 286 285 319 293 N Total Metals BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1. Cadmium as Cd mg/kg [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] [DL=2] 2. Chromium as Cr mg/kg 52 38 45 49 62 32 40 54 3. Cobalt as Co mg/kg 15 22 18 19 21 10 25 14 4. Copper as Cu mg/kg 38 42 40 33 45 28 22 29 5. Iron as Fe mg/kg 54321 48256 45324 38958 42052 51253 42578 43586 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 6. Lead as Pb mg/kg [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] [DL=5] 7. Manganese as Mn mg/kg 212 312 374 326 262 337 297 314 8. Nickel as Ni mg/kg 31 29 42 35 49 26 45 32 9. Zinc as Zn mg/kg 89 105 95 78 98 85 112 80

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Table 3.15(B): Standard Classification of Soil S. No. Soil Test Classification <4.5 Extremely acidic 4.51- 5.50 Very strongly acidic 5.51-6.0 moderately acidic 6.01-6.50 slightly acidic 1. pH 6.51-7.30 Neutral 7.31-7.80 slightly alkaline 7.81-8.50 moderately alkaline 8.51-9.0 strongly alkaline 9.01 very strongly alkaline Upto 1.00 Average Salinity Electrical Conductivity 1.01-2.00 harmful to germination 2 (mmhos/cm) 2.01-3.00 harmful to crops (sensitive to (1 ppm = 640 mmho/cm) salts) Upto 0.2: very less 0.21-0.4: less 0.41-0.5 medium, 3 Organic Carbon 0.51-0.8: on an average sufficient 0.81-1.00: sufficient >1.0 more than sufficient Upto 50 very less 51-100 less 4 Nitrogen (Kg/ha) 101-150 good 151-300 Better >300 sufficient Source: Handbook of Agriculture, Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi

Baseline Soil Status

• It has been observed that the pH of the soil in the study area varied from 6.5 to 7.4. The maximum pH value of 7.4 was observed at S3 where as the minimum value of 6.5 was observed at S5. • The electrical conductivity was observed to range from 0.245 to 0.423 ms/cm, with the maximum observed at S5 with the minimum observed in S1. • The nitrogen value varies from 258 to 319 kg/ha.

3.9 Biological Environment

3.9.1 Introduction

Ecology is the study of surrounding environment wherein various living or biotic groups live together and form a system of existence where every component, whether small or big is interdependent and hence is an indispensable part of an Ecosystem. In an ecosystem, plants are important as primary producers of a food chain followed by small organisms that are food of the other organisms. An ecosystem gets disturbed even if a single member of it gets extinct. The various ecosystems constitute of the man and animals, plants, microorganisms, aquatic and desert animals and so on.

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Humans are dependent on their environment, as are all other organisms. Any change in the environment affects the living things and their behaviour. All organisms are dependent on each other in many ways. Destruction of one organism in the environment can lead to the destruction of other organisms. Technological advances have given humans the ability to exert great influence over the environment of all living things. However, the ability of ecosystems to sustain humans is becoming increasingly stunted. For this reason, it is necessary to understand ecology in order to survive. The EIA studies would be very much incomplete if proper attention is not provided towards project’s impact foreseeable on flora and fauna of the study area. Accordingly, conducted the necessary survey of terrestrial flora, fauna and literature review of aquatic

A detailed flora fauna study was carried out in 10 km radius area of the site. The structure and type of vegetation depends on climatic conditions and physiography of an area. Climate of the study area is suited for the variety of vegetation. The contents of this subsection are based primarily on reconnaissance survey & through secondary sources. The baseline study, for the assessment of the floral and faunal biodiversity of the study area, within 10 km radius of the site was conducted during January 2019.

3.9.2 Objectives of Ecological studies:

The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:

• To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the project site • To evaluate the distribution of animal life spectra, including avifauna and butterflies, available in this area • To ascertain whether the proposed project will have any adverse impact on the ecology in and around project areas, and suggest mitigation measures, if needed.

3.9.3 Survey Methodology

Sampling locations were identified for study on biological environment based on topography, vegetation structure, pattern and distribution. The observations were taken from different villages along agricultural field, marshy land, waste land, riverside vegetation and built up area Accordingly the objectives were delineated for environmental impact assessment studies.

• Primary data have been collected within project site as well as up to 10 Km from project site • Identified vegetation patterns at different locations through GIS map and physically surveyed representative sites • Different types of animals, including avifauna, available in this area, have been recorded • Secondary data, up to 10 Km boundary from the project site have been collected from literature, forest department, and discussions with local people & NGO

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3.9.4 Study Area

Project site is located at Village - Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mejia, District – Bankura, West Bengal. As per guidelines of MoEF for Environmental Impact Assessment, the study area was restricted up to 10 km periphery of the project site. All observations were undertaken in Jaunary 2019 in the study area (Fig 3.16).

Figure 3.16: Study Area for Biological Environment

3.9.5 Biodiversity

➢ Flora

Dominant tree species in the study area are Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules), Date palm/ Khejur (Phoenix sylvestris) Sal (Shorearobusta), Radhachura (Peltophorumpterocarpum) ,Mahua (Madhucaindica), Devdaru (Polyalthialongifolia), Segun (Tectonagrandis), Arjun (Terminaliaarjuna), Guava/Peara (Psidiumguajava), Babool (Acacia nilotica), Palm Tree/Taal (Borassus flabellifer) etc. A list of dominant flora observed in study area is given in Table 3.16.

Table 3.16: Presence of vegetation up to10 km surroundings of the project site SN Scientific Name Common Name Family Trees 1 Acacia auriculiformis Akashmoni Mimosaceae 2 Acacia nilotica Babool Mimosaceae

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SN Scientific Name Common Name Family 3 Aeglemarmelos Bel Rutaceae 4 Albizialebbeck Siris Mimosaceae 5 Alstoniascholaris Chhatim Apocynaceae 6 Anthocephaluscadamba Kadam Rubiaceae 7 Artocarpusheterophyllus Kathal Moraceae 8 Azadirachtaindica Neem Meliaceae 9 Bomaxceiba Simul Bombacaceae 10 Borassusflabellifer Palm Tree Arecaceae 11 Buteamonosperma Palash Fabaceae 12 Carica papaya Pepe Caricaceae 13 Cassia fistula Amaltas Caesalpiniaceae 14 Citrus grandis Lebu Rutaceae 15 Cocosnucifera Coconut Arecaceae 16 Dalbergiasissoo Sissu Fabaceae 17 Delonixregia Gulmohar Fabaceae 18 Dilleniaindica Chalta Dilleniaceae 19 Eucalyptus globulus Eucalyptus Myrtaceae 20 Eugenia jambolana Kalajam Myrtaceae 21 Feroniaelephantum Kathbel Rutaceae 22 Ficusbenghalensis Banyan Moraceae 23 Ficushispida Fig Moraceae 24 Ficusreligiosa Aswatha Moraceae 25 Lagerstroemia parviflora Jarul Lythraceae 26 Lanneacoromandelica Jiol Anacardiaceae 27 Madhucaindica Mahua Sapotaceae 28 Mangiferaindica Mango/Aam Anacardiaceae 29 Mimusopselengi Bakul Sapotaceae 30 Moringapterygosperma Sajina Moringaceae 31 Peltophorumpterocarpum Radhachura Fabaceae 32 Phoenix sylvestris Date Palm Arecaceae 33 Polyalthialongifolia Devdaru Annonaceae 34 Psidiumguajava Guava Myrtaceae 35 Shorearobusta Sal Dipterocarpaceae 36 Spondiaspinnata Amra Anacardiaceae 37 Swieteniamahagoni Mahogany Meliaceae 38 Streblusasper Sheora Moraceae 39 Tamarindusindica Tamarind Fabaceae 40 Tectonagrandis Segun Verbenaceae 41 Terminaliaarjuna Arjun Combretaceae 42 Terminaliabellirica Baheda Combretaceae

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SN Scientific Name Common Name Family

43 Ziziphusmauritiana Jujube Rhamnaceae Shrubs 1 Annonasquamosa Sarifa Annonaceae 2 Cassia tora Panar Fabaceae 3 Calotropisgigantea Bhatkaya Apocynaceae 4 Ixoracoccinea Ramgan Rubiaceae 5 Neriumodorum Kaner Apocynaceae 6 Solanumnigrum Regani Solanaceae Jatrophacurcas Kananeranda Euphorbiaceae Herbs 1 Achyranthesaspera - Amaranthaceae 2 Ocimum Sanctum Tulsi Lamiaceae 3 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Jaba Malvaceae 4 Partheniumhysterophorus Congress grass Asteraceae 5 Ocimum sanctum Tulsi Lamiaceae 6 Primulaofficinalis Primrose Primulaceae Grasses 1 Dendrocalamusstrictus Bass Poaceae 2 Dendrocalamusgigenteus Bamboo Poaceae 3 Saccharumspontaneum Kans Poaceae 4 Cynodondactylon Dube Poaceae Source Plants recorded by Ultratech team Working plan of Bankura District

➢ Fauna

Methodology

Field observations of fauna were carried out in the study area. The commonly available mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds and butterflies within 10 km surroundings were enumerated. List of dominant fauna recorded in study area are given in Table 3.17.

Observation

(1) Vertebrates

Mammals

The domestic animals in the study area mostly comprise of Cat, and Cow the survey revealed that 9species of mammals were recorded in and around the study area while no wild mammal was observed in this area during site visit.

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Reptiles & Amphibians

Four species of reptiles & 2 species of amphibians were recorded. Availability of fauna in the vicinity of the sites is presented in Table 3.17 & Plate 3.17. None of these animals are endangered (Schedule I) as per Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972.

Avifauna

Birds were studied by direct observation with the help of ‘‘Olympus 10 x 50 DPS I’’ binocular and were identified by adopting available literature (Grimmett et al. 1998). During the survey, 9 species of birds were noticed. The dominant birds were Indian myna, Indian Black Drongo (Plate 3.17).Small blue Kingfisher Spotted owl etc. It has been observed that the majority of birds were insectivorous in habit preferring insects, worms and arachnids. None of these birds are endangered (Schedule I) as per Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 (Table 3.18).

Indian myna Indian Black Drongo Plate 3.17: Avifauna Observed in the Study Area

(2) Invertebrates

Butterflies

Study area comprises of 8species of butterflies, dominated by Euploea core, Danaus chrysippus (Plate 3.18) and Phalanta phalantha. Butterfly diversity and community composition are dependent on plants, as their caterpillars are highly specific to host plants on which they feed and metamorphose into the adults. Fairly good butterfly diversity in this area is conspicuous due to presence of wide varieties of flowering plants. Therefore, richness of host plant diversity contributes to butterfly diversity. None of these is endangered (Schedule I) as per Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972.

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Plain tiger(Danaus chrysippus) Common Indian Crow (Euploea core) Plate 3.18: Butterflies in the Study Area

Table 3.17: List of Dominant Fauna Recorded in Study Area Status SN Scientific Name Common Name according to IWPA Mammals 1972 1 Bostaurus Cow Not enlisted 2 Canisaureus Fox II 3 Felisdomesticus Cat II 4 Presbytisentellus CommonLangur II 5 Canisaureus Jackal Sch. II 6 Herpestesedwardsii Common Mongoose Sch. II 7 Trachypithecusgeei Golden Langur Sch. II 8 Musmusculus House mouse Sch IV 9 Funambuluspalmarum Squirrel Sch. IV Reptiles 1 Calotesversicolor Common Garden lizard Not enlisted 2 Mabuyacarinata Brahminy Skink/ Bahmani - 3 Ptyas mucosa Dhaman/Ret Snake Sch. II 4 Bungaruscaeruleus Common Indian Krait Sch. IV Amphibians 1 Bufostomaticus Indian Marbled Toad - 2 Ranatigerinus Indian Bull Frog Sch. IV Butterflies 1 Papiliopolytes Common Mormon Not enlisted 2 Papiliopolymnestor Blue Mormon Not enlisted 3 Euploea core Common Indian Crow Sch. IV 4 Danauschrysippus Plain Tiger Not enlisted 5 Phalantaphalantha Common leopard Not enlisted 6 Papiliopolytes Common mormon Not enlisted 7 Junoniaatlites Gray pansy Not enlisted 8 Papiliodemoleus Lime butterfly Not enlisted

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Table 3.18: List of Dominant Avifauna Recorded in Study Area Status according S.N Scientific Name Common Name to IWPA-1972 1. Streptopeliachinensis Spotted dove Sch. IV 2. Columba livia Rock pigeon Sch – IV 3. Psittaculakrameri Rose-ringed parakeet Sch. IV 4. Corvussplendens House crow Sch. V 5. Acridotherestristis Common myna Sch. IV 6. Passer domesticus House sparrow Sch. IV 7. Athenebrama Spottedowl Sch. IV 8. Alcedoatthis Small blue Kingfisher Sch – IV 9. Ardeolagrayii Pond Heron -- Source: Primary data generation by Ultratech team Working plan of Bankura District

3.9.6 Agriculture:

The common crops in the study area are Oryza sativa, Zea mays which are mainly dependent on rainwater, while tube well & bore well in non- monsoon seasons. Apart from these, commercial crops like Potato, Onion and several vegetables like chillies, brinjal, leafy vegetable, besides various fruits like mango, Banana ,papaya etc. are also grown.

Table 3.19: List of Agricultural Species in the Study Area CROPS Scientific name Crops1 Rice Oryzasativa 2 Mustard Brassicanigra 3 Masoor Lensesculentus 45 BengalGram Cicemaeritenum 6 Mung Phaseolusmungo 7 Arhar Cajaruscajan 8 Khesari Lathyrussativus 9 Mater Pisumsativum VEGETABLES 1. Brinjal Solanummelongana 2. Karaila Momordicacharantia 3. Spinach Chenopodiumalbum 4. Cucumber Cucumismelo 5. Ladiesfinger Hibiscusesculartus 6. Onion Alliumcepa 7. Potato Solanumtuberosum 8. Chilli Capsicumfruiticens 9. Sweetpotato Ipomeabatata 10. Cabbage Brassicacampestris 11. Tomato Solanumlycopersicum 12. Kheera Cucrbaltussativus 13. Nenua Luffacylindrica 14. PhoolGobi B.oleraceavar,botrytis

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SPICES 1 Mirch(Capsicum) Capsicumspecies 2 Dhaniya Coriandrumsativum 3 Lahsun(Garlic) Alliumstivum 4 Haldi(Turmeric) Curcumadomestica FRUITS 1 Aam Magniferaindica 2 Amrud(Guava) Psidiumguajava 3 Jamun(BlackBerry) Sysygiumjambolana 4 Bel Anglemarmelos 5 Papaya Caricapapaya 3.9.7 Macro-phytic Flora:

There is no macro-phytic flora in the Damodar River as the river is perennial in nature and water of the river flows throughout the year. Besides, there are several permanent inland water bodies like low lying swamps, ponds, jheels, beels, tanks, ditches etc. in this area. Different aquatic macro-phytic flora and marshy plants have been identified in these permanent water bodies during the study. The detailed enumeration has been summarized in Table 3.20.

Table 3.20: Checklist of Aquatic Macrophytes & Marshy Plants SN Scientific Name Common Name Family 1 Alternantheraphiloxeroides Alligatorweed Amaranthaceae 2 Azollapinnata Water velvet Azollaceae 3 Colocasiaesculenta Green Taro Araceae 4 Eichhorniacrassipes Common water Pontederiaceae hyacinth 5 EnhydrafluctuansLour Helencha/ Hingcha Asteraceae 6 Hygrophilaspinosa Kulekhara Acanthaceae 7 Ipomoea aquatica Kalmi Convolvulaceae 8 Ludwigiaadscendens Keshardam Onagraceae 9 Lemnaperpusilla Minute Duckweed Araceae 10 Marsileaquadrifolia Susni Marsileaceae 11 Monochoriahastata Leaf Pondweed Pontederiaceae 12 Nymphaeanouchali Blue water lily Nymphaeaceae 13 Oxalis corniculata Amrulshak Oxalidaceae 14 Pistiastratiotes Water Cabbage Araceae 15 Spirodelapolyrhiza Common duckweed Araceae 16 Salvinianatans Floating watermoss Salviniaceae 17 Trapabispinosa Water Chestnut Trapaceae

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3.9.8 Park, Sanctuaries and Reserve Forest

No National Park, Sanctuary and Reserve Forest are present within 10 km from the Project site

3.9.9 Aquatic Ecology

Sampling

Water samples within 10km periphery of project site were collected from Damodar River(2.8 km) Samples from these water bodies were collected for phytoplankton and zooplankton analyses.

To enumerate phytoplankton, unfiltered surface waters were collected from the water bodies. Phytoplankton samples were immediately fixed in Lugol’s iodine solution so as to prevent adverse effects of light and temperature which might cause rapid decay of organisms (APHA 2005). Phytoplankton was identified up to genera level using standard taxonomic keys. For zooplankton, about 40 litre water was filtered through plankton net having mesh size of 75µ to represent all the available groups. The samples were fixed immediately with 4 % buffered formalin and subsequently analyzed under microscope in the laboratory with the help of Sedgwick rafter cell.

Observations

Plankton Diversity:

The planktonic profile of the Damodar River in the study area is very rich and varied. The phytoplanktons are the primary producers and form the base of the food chain. The zooplankton is the secondary producers and they feed on phytoplankton. A study of the density, composition, and species diversity of these two organisms gives an idea about the nutrient content, trophic condition of the total aquatic ecosystem and the quality of the water. Total 10 species of phytoplankton and 9 species of zooplankton which were identified after collecting of plankton by plankton net from the aquatic ecosystem of the Damodar River during the study, have been summarized in Table 3.21. a) Phytoplankton:

Phytoplanktons are the primary producers of an ecosystem and thus helps maintain DO of a water body. Any reduction in number of phytoplankton would ultimately affect the whole ecosystem. Some major phytoplankton were found during the study from the aquatic ecosystem of the River are Euglena sp., Microcystis sp., Diatoma sp., Spirogyra sp., Oedogonium sp., Zygnema sp., Closterium sp. etc. b) Zooplankton:

Zooplankton are an important link in the transfer of energy from the algae (the primary producers) to the ecologically and economically important fish community (the

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consumers). It has been observed that the density of the zooplankton species is low in comparison with phytoplankton in the Damodar River. In the aquatic ecosystem of the Damodar River, most species in the small zooplankton community fall into three major groups -Crustacea, Rotifers and Protozoans. Crustaceans are generally the most abundant, especially those in the order Cladocera (waterfleas), and the class Copepoda (the copepods), particularly the orders Calanoida and Cyclopoida. Cladocerans are typically most abundant in the Damodar River, with common genera including Daphnia sp. and Bosmina sp. The pollution indicating species are mainly Brachionus calyciflorus, Filinia terminalis, Keratella tropica etc.

Table 3.21: Checklist of Plankton Species in the Study Area SN PHYTOPLANKTON ZOOPLANKTON 1 Microcystissp. Brachionussp. 2 Euglenasp. Daphniasp. 3 Diatomasp. Cyclopssp. 4 Achnanthessp. Diaptomussp. 5 Spirogyrasp. Moinasp. 6 Oscillatoriasp. Cyprissp. 7 Scenedesmussp. Keratellasp. 8 Cymbellasp. Diaptomussp. 9 Closteriumsp. Filiniaterminalis 10 Oedogoniumsp. - Source: EIA Expansion of Existing Steel Plant by Installing 1x350 TPD Sponge Iron Plant, (3x20 T) Induction Furnaces, 120000 TPA Capacity Rolling Mill along with 27MW Capacity Captive Power village: Jemua, P.O. Mejia, District: Bankura in West Bengal.

3.9.10 Fish Diversity:

Fish are at the tertiary level of the food chain of aquatic ecology. As the study area having many inland waterbodies like several ponds, jheels, beels, ditches and the important river Damodar, so the biodiversity of fish is high. Types of fresh water fish of both confined and unconfined (flowing) surface waterbodies in the study area were known by talking to local fishermen and local people and have been summarized in Table 3.22

Table 3.22: Checklist of Fish Species SN ScientificName CommonName 1 Salmostomasardinella Chela 2 Osteobramacotiocotio Chanda 3 Catlacatla Katla 4 Cyprinuscarpio CommonCarp 5 Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix Silvercarp 6 Cirrhinusmrigala Mrigal 7 Cyprinuscarpio Americanrui 8 Labeorohita Rohu 9 Labeobata Bata 10 Puntiussafari Punthi

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11 Clariasbatrachus Magur 12 Heteropneustesfossilis Singi 13 Channastriatus Shol 14 Channapunctatus Lata 15 Oreochromismossambica Tilapia 16 Anabastestudineus Koi 17 Mystussinghala Tangra 18 Latescalcarifer Bhetki 19 Mastacembelusarmatus Pakal 20 Mastacembeluspancalus Pakal 21 Labeogonius Kurchi 22 Wallagoattu Boal Source: EIA Expansion of Existing Steel Plant by Installing 1x350 TPD Sponge Iron Plant, (3x20 T) Induction Furnaces, 120000 TPA Capacity Rolling Mill along with 27MW Capacity Captive Power village: Jemua, P.O. Mejia, District: Bankura in West Bengal.

3.10 Socio-Economic Environment

3.10.1 Objective

Socio-economic has been recognized as, a component of environment. It focuses primarily on the social and economic effects that are likely to occur as a result of the construction, operation of the proposed development. It includes various factors, viz. demographic structure, availability of basic amenities such as housing, education, health and medical services, occupation, water supply, sanitation, communication and power supply, prevailing diseases in the region as well as features such as places of tourist attraction and monuments of archaeological importance. The study of these parameters helps in identifying predicting and evaluating the likely impacts due to project activity in the surrounding region. Any developmental activity exerts direct, indirect, positive and negative impacts on the socio- economic environment of the region. The objective of the study mostly based on the TOR (terms of reference).

General objectives of Social Impact Assessment study as follows: • To identify and assess potential social impacts of the project. • To identify all potential significant adverse social impacts of the Project and recommend measures for mitigation • To verify compliance with the environmental regulations and industry’s standards. • To recommend cost effective measures to be implemented to mitigate the expected impact. • Prepare socio economic report to contribute in EIA reports. • To provide guidelines to stakeholders participating in the mitigation of adverse social impacts of the project. • Management and detailing findings and suggest recommendations. • Community consultation at planning and execution stage.

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The study area for socio economic assessment defined as an area within 500 m. radius for primary and for secondary data 10 km around the proposed project site as per the statutory requirement of the Ministry of Environment & Forest. Designation of impact zone is based on the EIA guidance manual. Primary data and secondary data is use for socio economic study. 3.10.2 Data Collection

Data collection is a term used to describe a process of preparing and collecting data. Systematic gathering of data for a particular project from various sources, that has been systematically observed, recorded, organized. Data are the basic inputs to any decision making process in project.

Primary Data Collection

The data collected from the field under the control and supervision of an investigator. This type of data is generally afresh and collected for the first time. It is useful for current studies as well as for future studies. While collecting primary data collection in study area following methods are uses.

1. Observation Method. 2. Focus group discussion (FGD). 3. Surveys and questionnaires.

Secondary Data Collection

Secondary data is ‘Data gathered and recorded by someone else prior to and for a purpose other than the current project.’ Secondary data are collected from different offices like Census offices (India Census 2011), Statistical department, Health offices, Land and Revenue department, Zilla Parishad and Non-Governmental organizations.

3.10.3 Concept & Definitions

• Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the sum total of core area and buffer area with a distance of 10 Kilometers from the periphery of the core area. The study area includes all the land marks both natural and manmade, falling therein. • QoL: The Quality of Life (QoL) refers to degree to which a person enjoys the important possibilities of his/her life. The ‘Possibilities’ result from the opportunities and limitations, each person has in his/her life and reflect the interaction of personal and environmental factors. Enjoyment has two components: the experience of satisfaction and the possession or achievement of some characteristic. • Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a

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common household. Each such person is treated as a separate household. There may be one-member households, two member households or multi-member households. • Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is expressed as 'number of females per 1000 males'. • Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for being treated as literate. People who are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as literates. • Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the total population aged 7 years and above. • Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in a geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed and unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but actively seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of working age (around 14 to 16 years) and below retirement (around 65 years) that are participating workers, that is people actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted under labour force are students, retired persons, and stay-at home people, people in prisons, permanently disabled persons and discouraged workers. • Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. The work may be part time, full time, or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. • Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers. • Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. 6 months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers. • Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers • Work participation rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the present study the work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total population.

3.10.4 Project details

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years. The industry is now capable of producing high quality materials of stringent international specification for high-end applications. The 21st century is widely perceived to be the century of Asia and India is looked upon as one of the economies with most promising prospects. This is a formidable challenge as well as an opportunity to the Indian corporate sector.

Amiya Steel Private Limited is proposing to set up Induction Furnace Plant, Rolling Mill Plant & Wire Rod Mill for production of Billet Ingot, TMT Bars and Wire Rod. Considering the future growth potential of steel market and domestic and international level, ASPL has proposed to set up Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill Plant, & Wire Rod Mill in the notified Industrial Area. The products of the proposed project have been evolved keeping in view the demand pattern for the Iron & Steel market.

The project is categorized under 3 (a) of Gazette Notification dated 14thSeptember, 2006 and its subsequent amendment. Thus, the project is “B” category project.

The proposed project is situated at Village Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mejia, District –Bankura, West Bengal. The project site falls in Survey of India Toposheet No.- 73 M/2, 73 M/3 and location are 23°33'12.30"N Latitude and 87° 6'7.23"E Longitude.

Figure 3.19: Project Location

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Figure 3.20: Villages within 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site

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Table 3.23: List of Villages within 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site and Demographic details 0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

Barddhaman District Villages 167 Benagarya 837 1763 253 148 149 14 11 1575 1446 188 225 1058 1019 39 863 1513 1 1 2 Dahuka 275 659 614 144 192 198 4 3 516 343 143 271 393 342 51 307 573 204 Tirat 851 2184 491 795 758 599 575 1519 1035 665 1005 1423 1152 271 1003 1798 3 0 4 Harabhanga 348 981 926 224 93 85 440 458 669 414 312 512 521 312 209 546 840 5 Damalia 218 581 537 124 355 348 0 0 440 291 141 246 416 175 241 248 454 107 Narankuri 484 1102 248 496 506 22 24 850 640 252 434 695 354 341 459 1022 6 4 102 Nimcha 410 1042 238 341 347 127 142 753 546 289 477 666 353 313 495 904 7 3 8 Chak Janadhara 73 166 177 62 94 105 22 20 96 50 70 127 112 108 4 78 153 9 Sonachora 8 11 0 0 0 0 2 0 10 0 1 0 11 11 0 0 0 Chak 150 435 383 148 161 148 147 128 235 122 200 261 275 226 49 218 325 10 Brindabanpur 118 Napur 529 1277 271 430 405 109 108 986 703 291 481 875 685 190 531 1055 11 4 270 Banshra (CT) 1252 3001 731 957 911 449 453 2213 1533 788 1169 1940 1538 402 1451 2312 12 2 215 Belebathan (CT) 837 2302 594 726 704 575 555 1660 1132 642 1025 1446 733 713 1155 1858 13 7 345 103 100 Murgathaul (CT) 1445 3920 922 269 286 2802 1880 1118 1571 1913 1528 385 2284 3174 14 1 1 3

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0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

251 Amkula (CT) 1099 2928 793 276 223 510 445 1987 1252 941 1265 1484 1395 89 1568 2393 15 7 Baktarnagar 246 1106 2643 610 684 621 189 200 1866 1355 777 1114 1594 1023 571 1256 2262 16 (CT) 9 370 234 227 Egara (CT) 1597 3918 813 174 176 3004 2258 914 1447 2683 2120 563 1698 3242 17 5 9 7 228 Sahebganj (CT) 1068 2430 473 538 520 78 90 1936 1488 494 797 1544 1280 264 1117 2054 18 5 Raghunathchak 285 1305 3149 784 751 681 11 16 2209 1559 940 1298 2044 1776 268 1395 2567 19 (CT) 7 306 Ballavpur (CT) 1441 3399 687 677 636 4 3 2709 1971 690 1098 2338 1904 434 1381 2749 20 9 138 Mukundapur 631 1531 351 595 547 14 19 1114 770 417 612 898 655 243 799 1216 21 2 100 Madhabpur 474 1207 279 207 199 63 52 864 558 343 451 702 565 137 610 904 22 9 23 Chak Rambati 304 850 707 233 310 252 41 38 623 343 227 364 417 373 44 485 655 24 Babuisol 444 1028 913 214 160 151 124 134 806 586 222 327 650 517 133 514 777 219 Madanpur 964 2441 459 627 577 6 4 1991 1424 450 766 1400 946 454 1209 2022 25 0 26 Tiarmana 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 423 167 151 Harishpur (CT) 1867 4744 1137 323 334 3326 2287 1418 1949 2612 2167 445 2448 3920 27 6 3 8 228 Palashban (CT) 959 2531 478 512 465 46 43 2070 1510 461 770 1416 1103 313 1304 2091 28 0

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0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

646 110 Dignala (CT) 2811 7170 1317 1193 38 42 6108 4689 1062 1774 4438 3300 1138 3493 5702 29 3 8 314 Baska (CT) 1461 3462 662 868 814 143 138 2896 2233 566 914 2161 1575 586 1648 2800 30 7 103 Rangamatia 412 1113 321 48 48 0 0 717 597 396 433 639 415 224 513 991 31 0 133 Dhabani 635 1427 317 421 357 218 227 1022 718 405 618 983 401 582 635 1145 32 6 291 Jemua 1368 3058 843 694 651 192 185 2005 1526 1053 1392 2073 1467 606 1340 2563 33 8 34 Basudebpur 321 668 617 147 362 326 0 0 459 321 209 296 485 344 141 241 559 35 Ranipur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 Anandapur 371 818 748 165 271 250 0 0 644 478 174 270 692 376 316 292 582 37 Palashi 315 682 638 160 316 284 0 0 473 351 209 287 544 386 158 217 559 38 Mejhiari 297 662 628 126 285 270 0 0 532 493 130 135 527 442 85 231 532 161 Kalikapur 790 1688 413 685 641 157 159 973 802 715 812 1341 1210 131 607 1354 39 4 40 Shyampur 223 516 451 89 100 83 106 95 358 273 158 178 353 316 37 230 384 41 Dhoba 422 970 911 189 834 776 74 89 754 591 216 320 858 841 17 376 647 Gopinathpur 219 1046 2498 398 432 383 26 37 2070 1546 428 644 2679 2239 440 824 1185 42 (CT) 0 311 129 116 Parulia 1537 3328 585 124 122 2665 2275 663 844 2547 1746 801 1382 2518 43 9 1 3 44 Gopalnagar 351 704 747 171 140 152 185 213 506 447 198 300 593 352 241 279 579 45 Purunia 300 723 710 159 33 35 0 0 578 512 145 198 514 403 111 277 642

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0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

204 113 107 Bharatpur 970 2229 405 11 8 1665 1186 564 859 1990 1429 561 840 1444 46 5 7 3 125 Gopalpur 552 1265 290 350 368 131 140 930 725 335 526 1272 931 341 482 762 47 1 48 Debagram 300 602 607 114 286 307 10 11 455 371 147 236 528 150 378 199 482 49 Bhabanipur 465 924 895 121 76 80 56 59 789 696 135 199 765 640 125 348 706 274 Balarampur 1244 2746 591 691 681 28 32 1905 1824 841 920 2290 1597 693 1016 2184 50 4 106 Rajarampur 444 1151 252 376 336 241 263 832 638 319 429 971 802 169 449 798 51 7 52 Jotshriram 421 913 867 165 492 490 10 5 702 557 211 310 718 497 221 325 737 53 Nandanpur 291 633 587 108 284 277 4 5 517 402 116 185 489 317 172 205 526 110 Ramkrishnapur 528 1106 231 287 295 118 118 836 716 270 391 936 681 255 386 891 54 7 55 Beldanga 25 53 41 13 53 41 0 0 39 23 14 18 29 28 1 25 40 Bankura District Villages 177 108 Salma 749 1958 521 911 846 174 165 629 873 1145 1465 726 739 990 1277 56 4 5 57 Kamalhir 287 775 684 205 160 143 0 0 511 241 264 443 458 241 217 381 620 58 Kastara 307 746 715 249 117 122 0 0 431 302 315 413 473 246 227 361 627 59 Dulaltara 19 38 46 11 0 0 38 46 18 10 20 36 50 22 28 13 21 60 Tentul Tikri 202 529 496 123 58 45 106 114 281 151 248 345 300 236 64 262 463 61 Sat Deuli 151 394 350 98 2 1 39 41 263 155 131 195 274 108 166 179 291 62 Ramjibanpur 82 201 195 51 0 0 201 195 122 67 79 128 252 111 141 63 81

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0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

205 152 Pabra 914 2128 469 603 633 126 111 1024 607 1027 1366 602 764 979 1834 63 1 1 64 Chak Paruri 102 221 209 60 140 141 0 0 123 82 98 127 133 14 119 118 179 65 Thana Dumar 43 94 82 27 14 13 80 68 38 12 56 70 66 11 55 52 58 66 Beriathol 70 182 168 43 42 41 0 0 142 78 40 90 134 70 64 67 149 Pirrabaid Dholar 85 212 214 49 38 34 0 0 164 100 48 114 115 37 78 104 207 67 Bandh 68 Alunia 243 591 596 186 93 108 0 0 375 164 216 432 379 134 245 255 553 69 Shalroha 409 819 733 226 358 332 0 0 508 290 311 443 652 482 170 335 565 70 Belekuri 201 497 440 142 227 201 0 0 282 131 215 309 296 237 59 209 432 71 Nimra 278 736 709 225 307 313 0 0 399 183 337 526 546 391 155 322 577 72 Demramol 133 331 302 70 298 272 1 1 242 149 89 153 239 140 99 142 252 73 Katabaid 398 831 834 228 698 708 0 0 503 286 328 548 697 436 261 324 644 74 Sukabad 100 176 181 47 175 181 0 0 91 66 85 115 187 81 106 57 113 75 Damodarpur 63 158 137 50 146 123 0 0 79 37 79 100 143 59 84 77 75 76 Manipur 15 28 40 6 0 0 24 32 19 20 9 20 27 4 23 7 34 113 Bhara 501 1179 276 428 449 35 41 728 503 451 627 743 471 272 496 1070 77 0 78 Kalidaspur 172 444 426 129 133 123 4 6 259 167 185 259 376 47 329 192 302 79 Kalikapur 143 340 326 79 119 118 0 0 273 203 67 123 205 90 115 148 313 80 Banskunri 14 33 31 10 33 30 0 0 26 21 7 10 31 28 3 18 15 81 Benakanali 44 107 111 20 0 0 100 105 90 63 17 48 84 79 5 59 75 82 Bhului 46 134 115 35 0 0 0 0 105 82 29 33 75 71 4 60 114 83 Arddhagram 254 601 588 161 258 301 88 67 377 259 224 329 451 374 77 263 475

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 93

0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

164 121 Shyamapur 716 1720 408 548 537 0 0 886 507 756 1079 1013 66 798 1485 84 2 3 85 Parbatipur 254 684 654 176 215 200 0 0 483 314 201 340 417 360 57 314 607 151 112 Kshiraitor 631 1610 358 625 615 2 1 820 481 692 1008 850 158 708 1406 86 2 9 87 Ghusra 211 646 601 183 297 299 1 1 420 275 226 326 530 338 192 283 434 88 Jugibag 242 665 599 199 112 101 211 193 361 225 304 374 448 427 21 317 499 89 Mohana 387 1032 985 353 87 104 0 0 548 296 484 689 537 211 326 541 939 90 Tegharia 356 930 857 212 375 369 36 40 651 479 279 378 551 451 100 441 795 91 Jorsa 159 454 398 103 298 271 0 0 360 239 94 159 299 184 115 212 341 92 Lakshmanbandi 256 578 547 164 58 63 29 22 353 157 225 390 402 133 269 269 454 93 Khaerbani 55 128 121 34 64 59 0 0 73 42 55 79 76 1 75 59 114 94 Dhandora 27 78 66 19 7 4 70 61 49 26 29 40 54 4 50 37 53 95 Kansara 328 866 821 222 233 235 0 0 606 361 260 460 617 575 42 382 688 100 Duburia 383 1105 293 237 235 80 68 590 381 515 625 832 655 177 421 858 96 6 97 Pairasol 264 643 634 148 362 351 0 0 415 272 228 362 438 220 218 272 567 98 Benabad 119 266 233 54 249 219 0 0 178 100 88 133 332 324 8 87 80 158 104 Kustor 582 1697 518 390 407 0 0 529 652 1052 1189 754 435 801 1288 99 1 5 100 Ramlalpur 161 371 339 89 291 275 0 0 259 178 112 161 265 23 242 180 265 101 Kanshai 182 507 458 130 122 124 0 0 352 208 155 250 358 245 113 194 413 102 Matabel 129 369 340 114 0 0 0 0 265 115 104 225 239 238 1 145 325 103 Chuaberia 271 636 588 129 259 254 18 18 508 394 128 194 410 295 115 262 552

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 94

0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

221 177 Tarapur 1004 2395 506 725 664 5 6 1252 621 964 1539 1312 227 1045 2027 104 6 4 148 128 Gopalganja 670 1636 321 386 365 0 0 944 348 543 972 714 258 746 1405 105 7 8 106 Indara 54 143 132 35 38 42 0 0 97 73 46 59 116 4 112 51 108 107 Benathol 92 281 253 77 28 24 68 71 175 81 106 172 238 236 2 137 159 108 Maduarchak 5 7 13 5 7 12 0 0 1 2 6 11 11 0 11 2 7 109 Jujghati 119 250 244 79 165 164 0 0 188 114 62 130 301 276 25 90 103 110 Nabashan 49 94 99 33 94 99 0 0 64 29 30 70 109 0 109 44 40 111 Moshnekonda 142 320 313 83 242 248 0 0 237 146 83 167 204 28 176 136 293 112 Raydi 101 210 185 29 0 0 0 0 188 135 22 50 140 96 44 82 173 113 Shaltora 69 186 176 34 139 137 0 0 101 59 85 117 153 153 0 77 132 114 Natshala 77 198 197 58 103 125 0 0 116 99 82 98 157 92 65 87 151 115 Sitarampur 129 391 378 136 36 35 0 0 226 104 165 274 222 163 59 183 364 116 Kendut 96 229 219 69 128 127 0 0 154 101 75 118 266 242 24 78 104 117 Ikra 223 575 554 150 173 183 0 0 361 252 214 302 525 115 410 226 378 118 Jamkuri 126 368 351 99 164 149 3 1 258 143 110 208 230 13 217 147 342 119 Mochrakend 434 957 962 287 332 365 0 1 616 421 341 541 725 311 414 433 761 120 Bharra 384 995 917 247 504 467 0 1 500 318 495 599 615 391 224 471 826 121 Telenda 207 478 502 149 371 395 0 2 297 207 181 295 409 161 248 193 378 122 Murra 60 145 120 24 0 0 0 0 119 80 26 40 127 51 76 42 96 123 Damodar Mohan 48 139 113 33 137 111 2 1 109 57 30 56 88 51 37 61 103 128 Ramchandrapur 559 1391 358 456 452 5 3 973 543 418 746 1007 621 386 577 1096 124 9

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 95

0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

125 Purbator 33 73 61 12 0 0 0 0 65 44 8 17 38 11 27 36 60 126 Janakpur 106 225 230 50 0 0 0 0 196 169 29 61 138 75 63 96 221 127 Asanbani 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 Kali Pathar 126 335 323 75 170 178 0 0 243 140 92 183 208 26 182 140 310 120 Barasal 525 1344 307 451 401 2 4 876 507 468 699 949 580 369 582 1019 129 6 Barasal 100 362 1067 317 185 178 0 0 620 334 447 669 767 265 502 456 847 130 Srirampur 3 131 Bara Lachhipur 166 432 405 91 49 48 0 0 343 231 89 174 328 77 251 171 338 132 Lalpur Bara 268 663 584 137 84 80 0 0 488 317 175 267 552 172 380 260 435 133 Palajuria 252 698 625 221 5 5 0 0 430 220 268 405 393 62 331 316 614 117 Panktor 523 1320 261 457 394 13 9 999 616 321 558 888 387 501 601 1005 134 4 104 Benagari 409 1089 243 696 680 5 5 767 498 322 548 625 378 247 545 965 135 6 136 Durlabhpur 373 894 831 172 498 470 2 1 624 462 270 369 543 485 58 448 734 153 121 Nidhirampur 606 1732 391 466 441 60 46 704 516 828 1003 412 591 897 1364 137 2 6 138 Kudra 49 102 109 26 89 99 0 0 59 30 43 79 110 110 0 43 58 139 Damra 94 251 253 47 0 0 0 0 217 160 34 93 155 153 2 100 249 140 Pachamba 133 321 277 85 218 169 0 0 187 102 134 175 248 180 68 126 224 141 Dumuria 300 811 764 166 437 450 2 2 603 361 208 403 598 450 148 343 634 142 Bhalukathol 71 207 194 37 207 193 0 0 162 80 45 114 135 10 125 113 153 143 Gobindapurbaid 24 49 49 13 0 0 0 0 30 25 19 24 31 30 1 21 46

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 96

0-6 Literates Illiterate Non-Working Total Pop. SC Pop. ST Pop. Total age Pop. Pop. Main Marginal Pop.

Sr.N Work

grou Working Worker

o. er p Pop. Pop.

Pop.

Name No Households of

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Male Pop.

102 Ban Ashuria 479 1055 241 467 454 1 0 662 450 393 573 584 391 193 550 944 144 3 112 Bara Kumira 431 1228 249 250 252 0 0 910 565 318 562 1199 462 737 479 677 145 7 146 Beldanga 213 631 588 180 97 115 0 0 417 229 214 359 499 359 140 273 447 147 Kusthalia 392 957 945 247 379 394 67 62 775 601 182 344 767 447 320 410 725 148 Shalchura 221 520 477 113 128 119 0 0 410 294 110 183 408 298 110 203 386 131 102 Mangalpur 590 1354 210 385 368 9 4 869 329 442 941 658 283 537 1187 149 1 5 Source: Census of India 2011 *above information is as per 2011 official census (http://www.censusindia.gov.in/datagov/CDB_PCA_Census/PCA_CDB_1913_F_Census.xls)

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 97

The 10 km radius study area is spread over the Barddhaman and Bankura districts. There are total 55 villages in Barddhaman district and 94 villages in Bankura district. The detailed information of above villages is presented in the given various tables and graphs.

3.10.5 Male and female population

While dealing study area (10 Km radius from project site) as per secondary data (Population Census 2011) the total population of study area is 292104.

There are 62008 households in the study area and the average size of household is 5 members per household in the study area. The dependent population below 6 years is 34627 (11.9% of the total population) in the study area. The sex ratio of the study area is 927 females per 1000 males. The Average Sex Ratio of Barddhaman (Burdwan) District is 945 and Bankura District is 957.

The sex ratio of the study area is less as compare to Barddhaman and Bankura district sex ratio.

• Male - Female Ratio is: 1000 Male: 927 Female. • Population Density in study area is: 930per Sq. Km. (Population Density = Number of People/Land Area)

Figure 3.21: Male-Female Population Distribution Chart

3.10.6 Religion

Hinduism is majority religion in study area with 76.86 % followers. Islam is second most popular religion in city of study area with approximately 21.92 % following it. Christianity is followed by 0.16 %, Jainism by 0.09 %, Sikhism by 0.59 % and Buddhism by 0.59 %. Around 0.08 % stated 'Other Religion’; approximately 0.25 % stated 'No Particular Religion'. People of different religion worship their religious beliefs in Temple, Churches, Masjids, Gurudwaras, Jain temples and other religious places that is located in the study area.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 98

Bengali is the official and largest spoken language in the city. Hindi is also spoken in many areas of the city among North Indian traders. English is gaining popularity day by day in spoken language. Shiva Temple, Joda Mandir, Nimcha Hari Mandir, kali temple nandan colony, St. Francis Xavier Church, GEL Church, Dol Mandir, Kerken Dhawra Bandhpara, United Church, Ghusra Masjid, Badi Masjid, Moti Masjid, Jame Masjid Raniganj, Tarbangla Masjid, Girja Para Masjid, Lal Masjid(Kasab mohalle ki masjid), Amritnagar Mosque, Lalbazar Dahuka Masjid, Nabinagar masjid, Nimcha Masjid, RONAI Bara Masjid, Chunbhatti Masjid, Madina Masjid, Jama Masjid Andal, Gousia Masjid, Bansra masjid, Kajora Mosque Masjid, Babla Dangal Mosque, Gulzarnagar Mosqueand many temples, mosques, church gurudwarasare part of cultural heritage of study area. 3.10.7 SC and ST Population:

According to the 2011 census, the ratio of scheduled caste population in the study area to the total population is 17.7% which is low as compared to the SC population in the district which is 14.6%. whereas the scheduled tribe population in the study area to the total population is 0.1% which is low as compared to the ST population of the district which is 0.5%. Together they constitute only 17.8% of total population of the study area within 10 km radius. This can be observed in Figure 3.22.

Figure 3.22: SC and ST Population Distribution

3.10.8 Educational status:

In the study area the average literacy rate is 63.9%, whereas out of total literate population the male literacy is 58.5% and female literacy is 41.5% in the study area. The average literacy rate of the Bankura district is 70.26% and Barddhaman district is 76.21%. It is high as compared to the literacy rate of study area.

The female literacy rate is low in the study area, which is a pan India phenomena. The education status has been mentioned in the figure 5.Following schools and colleges are in study area;

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 99

SKS Public School, DAV Public School, Kajora High School, D.A.V PUBLIC SCHOOL, Raniganj Boys High School, Gandhi Memorial Girls High School, Andal Mahabir High School.Ram prsad pur, DAV Public School, St Michael's School ,Raniganj, Gyan Bharati High School, St. Francis Xavier English Medium School, Raniganj High School, Searsole Raj High School (H.S), Eastern Railway High School, Old Egara High School(H.S.), Andal Girls High School, EuroKids Pre-School Raniganj, Mejia Girls High School Para, Baktarnagar High School(H.S), Guru Nanak School.

Figure 3.23: Literates and Illiterate Population

Figure 3.24: Sukanta Smriti Vidyamandir, Tarapur

3.10.9 Occupational Structure

In occupational structure, the total population is divided into total workers and non-workers. Total Workers can be classified into two types, viz. main workers and marginal workers. The work participation rate for total workers is defined as percentage of total workers to total population. The occupational structure signifies the total no. of workers and non-workers and

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 100

types of workers in the area. The occupational scenario reflects the economic condition of the study area.

While dealing study area 10 km radius from project site as per Census of India 2011 within study area total working population is 35.4% andnon-working population is 64.5% out of working population almost 69.18% peoples are in main working population category. And 30.82% Population is in marginal population category.

The relative importance of the main spheres of economic activity is the gauged from the pattern of distribution of total workers according to broad fourfold classification namely, cultivators, agricultural labour, household industry workers and other economic activities.

In the study area, Cultivators (13.79%) and agricultural labour (16.36%) together constitute 30.15% of the total workers as shown in following figure. It reflects that agricultural sector has absorbed most of the workers in the study area. The proportion of workers in other economic categories is also 64.59% of the total workers shows that they are engaged in manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs, trade and commerce etc. type of activities although the area is rural in nature.

Non-working population is study area is 188604 which are 64.56 % out of total population. This category includes below 15 years age population and not willing to any work is considered. Also after Retirement age population also include in this category.

Figure 3.25: Distribution of working population

3.10.10 Health Care Facilities

While dealing with 10 km radius from project site there is many hospitals are available like MTPS Hospital, IQ City Narayana Multi-speciality Hospital, Durgapur, HLG Memorial Hospital, Anandalok Hospital, HealthWorld Hospital, DPL Main Hospital, Vivekananda Hospital, ESI Hospital Durgapur, The Mission Hospital , Durgapur, Sanaka Hospital, Gouri Devi Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, E.S.I. Hospital, Brahmananda Narayana Multispecialty Hospital, Jamshedpur, B N Agarwal Memorial Hospital, Narayana Super speciality Hospital, Howrah.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 101

3.10.11 Infrastructure, Transport and Communication

The study area consists 149 villages in study area over Barddhaman and Bankura districts. There are total 55 villages in Barddhaman district and 94 villages in Bankura district. The area consists of rural population and is not very close to urban areas, but is not that much backward in terms of infrastructure facilities like schools, healthcare facility, water supply, roads, markets, banks, post offices, electrification etc. Some facilities are available in the villages and some of these facilities are available in Raniganj city area.

Tarapur is a Locality in Mejhia City and well connected to Raniganj city. NH-60 is just adjacent to project site.

Distance between Kolkata to Raniganj is 190 km by Road and 182 km by Rails. Aerial distance is 170 km.There is direct bus between Kolkata and Raniganj. we can take State transport bus from Kolkata to Raniganj. There is 15 direct train(s) from Kolkata to Raniganj. These train(s) is/are Amritsar Mail (13005), Shaktipunj Exp (11448), Agnibina Expres (12341), Danapur Express (12351), Coal Field Exp (12339) etc. The minimum time a train takes to reach Raniganj from Kolkata is 2h 00m. The cheapest way to reach Raniganj from Kolkata takes you 2h 20m, which is to take Amritsar Mail from Kolkata to Raniganj. The fastest way to reach Raniganj from Kolkata takes you 2h 20m, which is to take Amritsar Mail from Kolkata to Raniganj.

Nearest airport is Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport Kolkata is 170Km from project site.

3.10.12 Socio-Economic Impacts

The setting up of any kind project would undoubtedly include significant impact on socio- economic and cultural life of the people in the project area. Here, an attempt is made to visualize and discuss such tentative impacts likely to be induced by the project. The likely impacts due to project activity are described below:

Positive Impacts

➢ No new land acquisition is involved with the proposed installation of the project. Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. Already possesses a land area of 6.16 acres to accommodate the proposal. Thus no R & R issue is involved with this proposed project. ➢ There was a growth in direct and indirect jobs and business opportunities to the local and surrounding people such as operator, contractors, transporters and raw material suppliers etc. due to the proposed development in the area. ➢ Demands of community services and commercial development also create additional employment for the poor strata of society by way of security guard, driver, servant, sweeper, gardener etc. ➢ There could be increase in daily need shops.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 102

Negative Impacts

➢ Due to the proposed project activity, influx of population may increase during the construction phase. This may lead to strain on infrastructure facilities in the area as well as increase in population at local level. However, this impact is only for the short duration and temporary in nature. ➢ During construction phase, increase level of dust and other air pollutants may lead to health problems. ➢ Vehicular traffic and construction activities may create noise pollution. ➢ Due to the project, economic status existing residents will certainly improve but at the same time their traditional way of living will also get affected.

3.10.13 Mitigating Measures

In order to mitigate the adverse impacts likely to arise in the surrounding area due to proposed project activity, it is necessary to formulate an effective mitigation plan. The suggestions are as follows:

Before Commencing and During Initial Phase:

➢ Communication with the local community should be institutionalized and done on a regular basis. The forum could provide opportunities to discuss local critical issues and prepare programmers of mutual benefits. ➢ Information regarding the proposed and ongoing development plan, community programmes etc. should be communicated to the local community in the form of booklets and audio-visuals. ➢ As per the expectations of the local people, workers that, project authorities should organize guidance center, technical education center and training programme.

Construction Phase:

➢ Project proponent should take appropriate steps to keep environment clean and healthy during construction phase. ➢ Provision of adequate drinking water, toilet and bathing facilities should be made available on project site. ➢ Water shall be sprinkle/spread to suppress dust during construction phase to control air pollution and thereby avoid adverse health impact. ➢ Proper living condition with appropriate facilities for residential labours should be provided. ➢ Proper Training and awareness programme should be carried out so that the workers understand the importance of wearing the personal protective equipment’s. ➢ Regular segregation and disposal of solid waste generated by these workers shall be as per municipal corporation’s practices. ➢ First aid and medical facilities will be provided to all the concerned people working on the site.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 103

Operation Phase:

➢ The colony management collectively will need watchmen, gardeners, sweepers, plumbers, fitters, STP operators, lift operators and solid waste collectors. Preference should be given to local people for all this. ➢ The project authority should help in promoting local people for livelihood commensurate with their will, skill and abilities by utilizing the minimum amount.

3.11 Traffic Survey

The traffic survey, to ascertain the traffic density in the study area was conducted on the junction of NH 60 and the connecting road to project location of Amiya Steel i.e. Mejia Kusthalia Road. The composition of Traffic includes two wheelers, three wheelers, four wheeler (Passenger Cars) and four wheeler like heavy vehicles like Trucks, Lorries, Bus, etc. The recommended PCU Factors for various types of vehicles on Urban Roads has been adopted from IRC 106-1990 guidelines as shown in Table 3.26.

Table 3.24: Recommended PCU Factors on Urban Roads Types of Vehicles Passenger Car Equivalency (PCE) Motor Cycle or Scooter (2-Wheeled) 0.75 Passenger Car, Pick-up van 1 Auto-rickshaw (3-Wheeled) 2.0 Light Commercial Vehicle 2.0 Truck or Bus 3.7 Bicycle 0.5

Thus, volume of vehicles was estimated as: PCU unit = No of vehicles* x PCE of those particular

Figure 3.26: Location of the Node for Traffic Survey

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 104

Traffic study was carried out at 1 node at the junction of NH 60 and Mejia Kusthalia Road, the connecting road to project location of Amiya Steel as shown in Figure 3.26.

Node-1

Data was collected by physically counting the number of vehicles plying in both directions at Node 1. The hourly counts were carried out for the different type/category of vehicles. The variation in the traffic flow at the given road along with the number of vehicles during peak hour & lean hour is presented in the Table 3.25 and Figure 3.27.

Table 3.25: Traffic Survey, Node I During During Lean Hrs. During During Peak Hrs. Lean Hrs. Vehicles in PCU’s Peak Hrs. Vehicles in PCU’s Two Wheelers 86 64.5 158 118.5 Three Wheelers 55 110 85 170 Cars/Jeeps 78 78 120 120 Bus/Trucks/Lorries 25 92.5 66 244.2 Total 244 346 429 652.7

Lean Hrs: Before 8.00 hrs (morning), 13.00 to 17.00 hrs afternoon & after 21.00 hrs (evening) Peak Hrs: Between 8.00 to 13.00 hrs & 17.00 to 21.00 hrs in the evening

250

200

150 Two Wheelers 100 Three Wheelers Cars/Jeeps 50 Bus/Trucks/Lorries 0 During During During During Lean Hrs. Lean Hrs. Peak Hrs. Peak Hrs. Vehicles in Vehicles in PCU’s PCU’s

Figure 3.27: No’s of vehicles during peak hour & lean hour

3.11.1 Existing Traffic Scenario & Level of Service

Capacity of road as per IRC = 1500 PCU’s/hr Total Volume in PCUs during Peak Hours = 652.7 Existing Volume/Capacity ratio = 652.7/1500= 0.43 The level of service is “C” that is Good.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 105

Table 3.26: Level of Service Sl. No. Existing Volume/Capacity Level of Services 1 0.0 to 0.2 “A” (Excellent) 2 0.2 to 0.4 “B” (Very Good) 3 0.4 to 0.6 “C” (Good) 4 0.6 to 0.8 “D” (Fair) 5 0.8 to 1.0 “E” (Poor)

During the proposed project an addition of ~30 trips per day (i.e. 15 trucks per day to and fro) of trucks is envisaged. To understand that impact due this addition the following modified scenarios on the access roads is discussed. The Node I is shown in the figure.

3.11.2 Modified Traffic Scenario & Level of Service

15 additional trucks i.e. 30 trips assume to enter and exit during peak hrs for the proposed project (worst case scenario).

Node I: ~15 trucks of 30 additional volume in PCU will be 3.7x30/9 = 12.3 per hour during peak hours.

Traffic Flow at Node I

Total volume during peak hours in PCUs after completion of the project (V) = 652.7+12.3 = 665.

Capacity of Road as per IRC (C) = 1500 PCU’s/hr

Modified Existing Volume/Capacity ratio will be (V/C) = 665/1500 = 0.44. The level of service of the road will be “C” after the proposed project that is “GOOD”.

The above results indicated that the post project scenarios will contribute to addition in existing traffic, the level of service will continue to be GOOD. Traffic will continue to run smoothly without congestion and no widening of road is anticipated

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 106

CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

Identification of impacts and mitigation measures of the same in Environmental Impact Assessment study helps in quantification and evaluation of impacts. During baseline study several impacts can be identified but it is necessary to identify the critical impacts both positive and negative on various components of the environment that are likely due to installation of induction furnace, billet caster, rolling mill within the Proposed land area of M/s. Amiya Steel Private Limited in Bankura. The environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are the ones that are caused directly due to the project activity on environmental attributes, whereas secondary impacts are indirectly induced.

The construction and operational phase of the project activity comprises various activities, each of which may have either positive or negative impact on some or other environmental attributes.

The proposed project activities would impact on the environment in two distinct phases:

❖ During construction phase - Temporary or short-term impact ❖ During operation phase - May have long term impact

4.2 Impact Assessment

4.2.1 During Construction Phase:

This includes the following activities related to levelling of site, construction office buildings and sheds, installation of Induction Furnace, Rolling Mill, Wire rod mill etc.

Impact on Land/Soil Environment

The installation activities include excavation of soil from the proposed site. The excavated loose soil will be utilized for levelling of low lying areas inside the plant. Thus, the impact on land during construction phase is insignificant

In general there will be moderate changes due to installation Induction Furnace. The new installation will not pose any significant impact on land, the changes will be restricted to plant premise only. The land use pattern of the proposed project is under industrial category. The construction activities would attract a sizeable number of construction workers deployed for installation of Induction Furnace and other instruments. Due to this, marginal influx of population is likely to take place and would result in establishment of temporary camps consisting of hutments. However, these would be confined to limited period of construction phase only. Hence, impact is temporary in nature and reversible. Efforts would be made to engage construction workers from local adjoining areas to mitigate this impact.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 107

Impact on Air Environment

Impacts of construction activities on air quality are cause for concern mainly in the dry months due to conditions for formation and entrainment of dust particles. The main sources of emission during the construction period are the movement of equipment at site and dust emitted during the levelling, grading, earthworks, foundation works and other construction related activities. The dust emitted during the above mentioned activities will be very less as the land within the installation premises is flat which does not require any major levelling. The excavated soil for foundation pad will be used for levelling. Therefore, the impact will be very less and for short duration. The composition of dust in this kind of operation is, however, mostly inorganic and non-toxic in nature.

Exhaust emissions from vehicles and equipment deployed during the construction phase is also likely to result in marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NOx, PM, CO and un-burnt hydrocarbons. However, since the increase in the number of vehicles necessary for construction work is small, the consequent emission will be insignificant. It may, therefore, be stated that construction activities may cause changes in the PM levels locally. The impact will, however, be reversible, marginal and temporary in nature.

The impact of such activities would be temporary and restricted to the construction phase. The impact will be confined within the project boundary and is expected to be negligible outside the plant boundaries. Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles, sprinkling of water on roads and construction site, providing sufficient vegetation etc. are some of the measures that would greatly reduce the impacts during the construction phase.

Noise Environment

Minor construction traffic for loading and unloading, fabrication and handling of equipment and materials are likely to cause an increase in the ambient noise levels. The areas affected are those close to the site which in this case is within the project area.

At the peak of the construction, marginal increase in noise levels is expected to occur. The activities which produce periodic noise will be foundation for construction of storage vessel for a short period.

Overall, the impact of generated noise on the environment will be insignificant, reversible and local in nature and mainly confined to the day hours.

Hydrology & Water Environment

The plant layout has been prepared in such a manner to follow the general ground profile and not to disturb the general drainage pattern of the area. There will be increased storm water run-off due to increase in the paved area, but proper/suitable arrangements will be made to channelize such excess storm water run-off efficiently that no area in the downstream gets affected by such excess storm water run-off.

Draft EIA Report for proposed Steel Plant of Amiya Steel at Mejia 108

The drinking water and sanitation facilities within the premises will be extended to meet the work force requirement. During the construction of the project, the demand during the construction/erection phase for sanitary and drinking purposes will be met from the existing well adjacent to the premises.

The overall impact on water environment during construction phase due to proposed project will be short term, insignificant and reversible.

Socio-Economic Environment

• The proposed project does not involve any displacement of inhabitants for the construction of the steel plant. • Construction phase could lead to creation of employment and procurement opportunities. • A multiplier effect will be felt on the creation of indirect employment through the local community establishing small shops like tea stalls, supply of intermediate raw materials, repair outlets, hardware stores garages etc. • Self- employment options for individuals possessing vocational or technical training skills like electricians, welders, fitters etc, which are likely to be sourced locally; • There would be influx of workers during construction phase which could lead to pressure on key local infrastructure such as water, healthcare, electricity. • The construction activity could lead to increased nuisance level from air emissions and noise due to transportation of material and equipment as well as labourers. • The construction activity could also lead to water stagnation at pockets which may lead to breeding of mosquito and related health impacts.

Biological Environment

4.2.2 During Operation Phase

Impact on Land/Soil Environment and topography

The impacts due to the project on soils are restricted to the construction phase which will get stabilized during operational phase. Minimal dust generation during levelling operation is the only impact on soil during construction phase. Hence, the impact on soil characteristics will be insignificant during this phase.

The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited in immediate vicinity of the proposed project area. The impact is going to be minimum and negligible. The change in topography will be only due to installation of induction furnace and construction of rolling mill and wire rod mill. It will invite positive benefits in the form of land levelling and tree plantations in the vicinity as required.

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Solid Waste

The quantity of hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste to be generated by the manufacturing process and its management is described in Table 4.1 and 4.2.

Table 4.1: Non-Hazardous Solid Waste Particulars Waste Quantity in TPA Treatment/ disposal Type of Waste Total Quantity Solid Waste Slag 42000 Will be sold to (TPD) authorized recycler Municipal Solid Wet Garbage 17 To be disposed off as Waste (Kg/ day) Dry Garbage 25 per MSW rules

Table 4.2: Hazardous Solid Waste Particulars Waste Quantity in TPA Treatment/ disposal Type of Waste Total Quantity Solid Waste Slag 42000 Will be sold to (TPD) authorized recycler

Impact on Topography

Impact on Climate

The proposed project takes place within the industrial land already possessed by M/s Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd and it does not involve any vegetation land which clearly indicates that, impact on the climatic conditions from the proposed project will be insignificant.

Comparison of regional data with the monitored data reveals that there are not many variations in temperature, relative humidity and predominant wind directions

Identified Impacts on Air Environment

The major sources of air pollution from the operation of the proposed steel plant are emission from Induction Furnace. Flue Gas Emissions from the Induction Furnace will be directed through the bag filter as Air Pollution Control Device and exhaust pipes (stack). 40m stack heights is proposed as per norms of CPCB.

Raw material handling can cause dust generation at the point of storage and transportation. The fugitive dust can have adverse impact on air quality inside the plant and its immediate surroundings. This will be prevented by spraying water at storage area.

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Sources of Emission

Point Source: The major point sources of emission from the proposed project are from the proposed stacks attached to 2 nos. of induction furnace in each phase. Stack emissions would be constituted of mainly PM10 & PM2.5. There will be total 2 (two) stacks attached to four induction furnaces of 15T capacity in 2 phases. The details of stacks are given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3: Stack and flue gas emissions details Parameters Unit Induction Furnace Induction Furnace (15T) Phase-I (15T) Phase-II Stack height m 40.0 40.0 Stack diameter m 1.0 1.0 Stack gas temperature °C 80 80 Stack exit gas velocity m/s 18.0 18.0 Fuel type Electricity Electricity

PM10 Emission g/sec 0.0690 0.0690

PM2.5 Emission g/sec 0.0428 0.0428

SO2 Emission g/sec -- -- NOx Emission g/sec -- -- CO Emission g/sec -- -- Air Pollution Control Bag Filter Bag Filter Device

Area Source (Fugitive Emission): The main sources of fugitive emissions are raw material unloading, raw material handling, material transfer points, storage bins etc. Dust generated from raw material unloading areas and in other areas such as material transfer points etc. dust extraction system with bag filters will be provided to control the particulate emission. Air dispersion modeling

TM Tools: Source dispersion analysis is assumed based on AERMOD View model. The plant will use DG set in case of serious process failure and not for any other course. The induction furnace will be required to produce steel out of sponge iron mixed with Pig Iron and scrap coupled with electric induction furnace, medium frequency, and constant power track. Liquid Metal from Induction Furnace is carried in a ladle over the Concast Machine. The liquid metal flows from ladle into water cooled copper mould tubes to form M.S. Billets. Followed by stages of rolling operations comprised of feed stock heating to rollable temperature in different mill stands, cropping the hot bar and subsequently finishing in straight deformed bar. During the whole process there will be fumes with metallic particulate. Here the model provides results in simple to understand graphical format.

The following steps are involved in the analysis:

I. Inputs are entered into the software as per the general modeling parameters.

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II. Information on the stack i.e. height, diameter, exit gas velocity, temperature and receptor is added to the software. III. The analysis process is done by the model.

Methodology: For the stack proposed on site details procured from Emission Regulations – Part IV, CPCB’86. Particulate emissions were estimated on referring consented limits along with AP-42 factors. Consented limits being on higher side the same were considered. Gaseous emission estimation contributions calculated to be low for model input requirements, Hence were not considered for present study. Widespread method based on the data available was to use emissions in terms of pollutant mass emitted per second.

Model Inputs

TM AERMOD View has been used for evaluating the emission scenarios for proposed project. The inputs to the model are defined in 5 functional pathways as represented in the following sections. Each of these functional parameters include several options that may be user defined TM or set as default, the details of some of these essential elements of AERMOD View runs have been explained in the discussions.

A. Control pathway inputs

✓ Default option ✓ Emission concentration ✓ Averaging period of 24 hr as per NAAQS pollutant type

B. Source pathway inputs

✓ Includes definition of source, its locations ✓ Stack source parameter include emissions (g/s)

C. Receptors pathway inputs

✓ Cartesian grid starting at the SE corner of the ward with 2000m increment over X & Y coordinates, thus forming a receptor output grid radius of 10km. ✓ Uniform grid is selected with 10x10 cell size.

D. Meteorology pathways inputs

✓ One hourly data for study period was used as an input in the meteorology processor to generate model ready one hourly input surface & profile meteorology files. ✓ Roughness length of 1m of measurement height, displacement height of 0.2m, Albedo of 0.2 & measurement height at which measurements of meteorology have been done. ✓ The minimum wind speed (0.5 m/s lower than 1m/s considered as calm by IMD), predominant wind direction – NNW, minimum mixed layer height (70m), and minimum 2 heat flux 20 W/M /s).

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✓ The Bowen ratio=Sensible Heat flux/Latent Heat Flux as a function of month to allow smaller Bowen Ratios during the Indian monsoon season when the ground is wet and latent heat fluxes become significant (from 2 in non-monsoon to 0.5 in monsoon). ✓ The potential temperature gradient above the mixed layer (0.008 degrees/m) ✓ The weather data for project site station have been used for the present project. The data TM was compiled in AERMET module of AERMOD View and the results of this final analysis were used as input meteorological data.

E. Output Pathway

Model run executed for particulate matter at 24hr average and compared with NAAQS st standards criteria. The contour for 1 highest reading is shown for each pollutant based on BAU scenario.

Gaseous pollutant has negligible levels and was lesser than least input value required by for model run. Model outputs were obtained for PM emissions in each of the 2km x 2km receptor grid spread across gridded impact zone. Contour maps are plotted for each of the study pollutants and the impact by the point source. This map is superimposed on the road tile map of the proposed location.

Conclusion

The point source was represented in the contour plots for concentration to understand the impact of on the study domain. Modeled pollutant concentrations for operations phase is given in Table 4.4 and dispersion trend is shown as isopleths in Figure 4.1 and Figure 4.2 respectively for PM and PM . 10 2.5

Table 4.4: Modelled concentrations for present scenario Incremental Level Distance from Location Parameters 3 (μg/m ) Site Google Map PM (24hr average) 0.08 NW of Matabel 10 East – 2.09km PM2.5 (24hr average) 0.05 Village

The maximum incremental concentrations were superimposed on the baseline concentrations recorded during the study period to arrive at the likely resultant concentrations after implementation of the proposed boiler. Comparative account of each pollutant concentration with respective National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) is represented in Table 4.5.

Table 4.5: Comparative Account of resultant concentration Concentrations NAAQS* Parameters Baseline Incremental Resultant 3 3 3 3 (μg/m ) (μg/m ) (μg/m ) (μg/m )

PM10 (24hr average) 98 0.08 98.08 100

PM2.5 (24hr average) 53 0.05 53.05 60 *NAAQS – National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009

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Figure 4.1: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for PM10

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Figure 4.2: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for PM2.5

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Noise Environment

The industrial complex consists of several sources of noise in clusters or single. This clusters/single source may be housed in buildings of different dimensions made of different materials or installed in open or under sheds.

Once the proposed project becomes operational, there will be noise generation from the sources like material transportation, rolling mill, casting machine, furnace etc.

Water Environment

Impact on Socio-Economic Environment

• Project and associated installation of induction furnace and construction of rolling mill and wire rod mill plant will eventually lead to permanent job opportunities in the organized and unorganized sector. There is likely to be increased demand for security, kitchen help, need for drivers etc. • Development of physical infrastructure due to construction of the plant which could benefit the local population

Impacts on Ecological Environment

• The proposed project will be in the land which is already under possession of M/s. Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. During the operation phase, flue gas emission is expected from the induction furnace. No industrial waste water will be generated. Hence, negligible adverse impact on the biological environment is envisaged due to the proposed project activities and operation. • Moreover, a considerable area of the plant will be brought under green belt which provides habitat for birds and smaller mammalian species. Green belt will attenuate impacts of pollution on the flora and fauna and inhibiting ground level concentrations in the 10 km buffer zone of the study area. Impact on Terrestrial Ecology

The baseline status of terrestrial flora and fauna within the study area has been drawn up earlier. The harmful effects of such air pollutants as SO2, NOX & PM in affecting growth and other similar functions of trees, either singularly or synergistically is well known. However, such effects are experienced only at high levels. During the operation of the proposed project, the significant pollutants will be SO2, NOX & PM to be discharged from the stacks. The 3 3 maximum incremental values of PM10 & PM2.5 would be about 0.08 μg/m & 0.05 μg/m

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respectively, which will occur in East direction at a distance of 2.09 km, which is insignificant and is not envisaged to cause any stress on the ecological fabric of the study area. The greenbelt proposed would be useful in controlling fugitive emissions and process noise from disturbing ecological environment in the study area.

Impact on Aquatic Ecology

No industrial effluent from the proposed project will be generated. Domestic effluent will be directed to septic tank followed by soak pit. So no impact on aquatic ecology is envisaged due to operation of this project.

Moreover, there will be adequate greenbelt inside the plant area, which will further ameliorate the ecological condition of the area.

4.3 Impact Mitigation Measures

4.3.1 During Construction Phase

Land/Soil Environment

❖ Top soil will be stored carefully and will be used again after construction/installation phase is over so as to restore the fertility of project site ❖ Bituminous materials / other chemicals, if any, shall not be allowed to leach into the soil ❖ Methods to reuse earth material generated during excavation will be followed ❖ Used oil generated from D.G. sets will be handed over to authorized recyclers approved by WBPCB ❖ Usage of appropriate monitoring and control facilities for construction equipment’s deployed ❖ All hazardous waste shall be securely stored, under a shed for eventual transportation and disposal to the authorized dealers ❖ The solid waste generation due to workers working at site will be segregated and will be transported and disposed of to waste disposal facility ❖ Chemicals/Paints etc. used during construction phase will be stored safely

Air Environment

❖ Checking of vehicles and construction machinery to ensure compliance to Indian Emission Standards ❖ Transportation vehicles, DG sets and machineries to be properly and timely maintained and serviced regularly to control the emission of air pollutants in order to maintain the emissions of NOX and SOX within the limits established by WBPCB ❖ Minimize idling time for vehicles and adequate parking provision and proper traffic arrangement for smooth traffic flow ❖ Use of good quality fuel and lubricants will be promoted. Moreover, low sulphur content diesel shall be used as fuel for DG sets to control emission of SO2 ❖ Water sprinkling shall be carried out to suppress fugitive dust during earthworks and along unpaved sections of access roads

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❖ Attenuation of pollution/ protection of receptor through strengthening of greenbelt/ green cover ❖ PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust emission.

However, the construction activities will be for temporary period and hence, its impact on the existing ambient air quality as well as vegetation will be reversible. Dust emissions are likely to be confined within the limited area.

Noise Environment

❖ No noise polluting work in night shifts ❖ Acoustic enclosures for DG Sets will be provided as per CPCB guidelines ❖ Pumps – Enclosure in acoustic screen, allowing for engine cooling and exhaust, use of anti-vibration mounting, flexible couplings of hoses, maintaining adequate inlet pressure ❖ Provision of Intake mufflers, unidirectional fan for Cooling and enclosures for electrical motors ❖ Provision of ear plugs for labour in high noise area ❖ Provision of barricades along the periphery of the site ❖ All contractors and subcontractors involved in the construction phase shall comply with the CPCB noise standards1 ❖ Activities that take place near sensitive receptors to be carefully planned (restricted to daytime, taking into account weather conditions etc.) ❖ Vehicles and generator sets to be serviced regularly and maintained properly to avoid any unwanted generation of noise or vibration from them ❖ Use of suitable muffler systems/ enclosures/ sound proof glass panelling on heavy equipment/ pumps/ blowers ❖ Pumps and blowers may be mounted on rubber pads or any other noise absorbing materials ❖ In case of steady noise levels above 85 dB (A), initiation of hearing conservation measures ❖ Strengthening of greenbelt for noise attenuation may be taken up, etc.

Water Environment

❖ Water Avoidance of wastage of curing water ❖ Use of tanker water for construction activity. ❖ Provision of toilets for labour ❖ No wastewater will be generated from industrial process. Domestic wastewater will be disposed through septic tank followed by soak pit.

Socio-Economic Environment

❖ Employing local people for construction work to the maximum extent possible.

1http://CPCB.nic.in/divisionsofheadoffice/pci2/Noise-vehicle.pdf http://cpcb.nic.in/divisionsofheadoffice/pci2/noise_rules_2000.pdf

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❖ Providing proper facilities for domestic supply, sanitation, domestic fuel, education, transportation etc. for the construction workers. ❖ Barricades, fences and necessary personnel protective equipment such as safety helmet, shoes, goggles, gloves, harness etc. will be provided to the workers and employees. ❖ Constructional and occupational safety measures to be adopted during construction phase of the industry. ❖ The health of workers will be checked for general illness; first time upon employment and thereafter at periodic intervals, as per the local laws and regulations. ❖ The workers will be diagnosed for respiratory functions at periodic intervals and during specific complaints etc. Medical Aid as per Factory Act and Panel doctor facility will be provided to the workers. ❖ Job rotation schemes will be practiced for over-exposed persons. Insignificant impact is expected on the workers health and safety during the operation phase stage.

4.3.2 During Operation Phase

➢ Impact Mitigation Measures for Land/Soil Environment

❖ Installation of drainage ditches at project site to prevent erosion ❖ Used oil shall be securely stored, under a shed for eventual transportation and disposal to the authorized dealer by WBPCB ❖ The solid domestic waste shall be segregated and stored within the premises temporarily and then sent to waste management facility

• Solid waste Generation & Management

Non-Hazardous waste

Particulars Waste Quantity in TPA Treatment/ disposal Type of Waste Total Quantity Municipal Solid Wet Garbage 17 To be disposed off as Waste (Kg/ day) Dry Garbage 25 per MSW rules

Hazardous waste

Waste Quantity in TPA Treatment/ disposal Particulars Type of Waste Total Quantity Solid Waste Will be disposed for (TPD) land filling or road Slag 42000 construction. Rest will be sold to authorized recycler Will be used as raw Scrap 4700 material of Billet production

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To be sold to Dust from APC authorized vendor for 840 devices production of fly ash bricks

➢ Impact Mitigation Measures for Air Environment

The main dust emission source like induction furnace will be provided with Bag Filter as appropriate Air Pollution control system. One Bag Filter will be considered for two induction furnace. So there will be one common stack with one bag Filter in each phase. The technical details of APC devices are mentioned below:

Table 4.6: Specifications of APC Devices I.D fan unit for Induction Furnace (For each Phase) Gas volume : 90000 m3/hr Temperature : 80°C Static Pressure at operating temp : 300mm of wc Speed : 950rpm Power consumption at operating temp : 404 kw Power consumption at 20°C : 125kw Recommended Motor rating : 132kw, 4 pole Mode of construction : Casting : 5mm thk MS Steel Shaft : EN-8 Impellers : 8mm thk MS Steel Bag Filter for 2 x 15 Ton Induction Furnace(For each Phase) Gas volume : 90000 Air to Cloth ratio : 78.38 m3/hr/ m2 Total filtering area : 1148.16 m2 No of filter bag : 624 No of module : 4 No. Of filter bag in each module : 156 Bag size (dia x height) : 160mm x 3660mm Compressed air quantity : 150 m3/hr at 6-8kg/cm2 FAD Pressure drop across the bag filter : 125 – 150 mm of WC Size and qty of solenoid valve : 40 NB/ 52 Nos Size of rotary air lock : 250x250mm (4 numbers) Geared motor : 0.37kw, 26rpm Pulse duration : 30 – 50 mili sec Pules interval : 10 – 300 sec Inlet particulate matter : 2 – 3 gm/m3 Expected outlet particulate matter : <50mg/m3

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Figure 4.3: Schematic Diagram of APC devices.

Additionally the following measures will be taken as mitigative measures of air impact

❖ Periodically monitoring of dust concentration level in the chimney and taking corrective steps if the concentration is not as per acceptable limit. The particulate concentration from the outlet of APC will remain within 50mg/Nm3. ❖ Raw material handling can cause dust generation at the point of storage and transportation. The fugitive dust can have adverse impact on air quality inside the plant and its immediate surroundings. This would be prevented by spraying water at storage yard area and inside roads ❖ Ambient air quality monitoring in and around the premises will be carried out as per direction by West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB). ❖ All the internal roads shall be asphalted to reduce the fugitive dust due to truck movement ❖ Transportation vehicles, generators and machineries to be properly and timely maintained and serviced regularly to control the emission of air pollutants in order to maintain the emissions of NOX and SOX within the limits established by CPCB ❖ Minimize idling time for vehicles and adequate parking provision and proper traffic arrangement for smooth traffic flow ❖ Attenuation of pollution/ protection of receptor through strengthening of greenbelt/ green cover ❖ PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust emission.

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➢ Impact Mitigation Measures for Noise Environment

During normal operation of various plants, turbine, compressors, rolling mills, casting machines, blower, purging and blow downs, the ambient noise levels are expected to increase significantly with the attributes of the respective equipments. Normally the noise will be restricted to the close area of the respective equipments. The equipments will be designed based on the OSHA standards and noise close to these equipments seldom exceeds OSHA standards. Therefore all the equipments in the steel plants will be designed / operated in such a way that the noise level shall not exceed 85 dB(A) as per the requirement of OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration).

It may so happen that noise level during operation of certain equipments may increase beyond the OSHA norms. In such cases actions as elaborated in Environment Management Plan will be taken to minimize and eliminate such occasions. In addition to these, the following measurements will be followed to minimize the noise effect

❖ Provision of proper parking arrangement, traffic management plan for smooth flow of vehicles help to abate noise pollution due to vehicular traffic. ❖ Green belts and landscaping shall act as noise buffer. In addition to the green belt development around the plant boundary, green belt around each installation will be taken up to attenuate propagation of noise level considerably ❖ Ear plugs should be provided to the workers and it should be enforced to be used by the workers; ❖ Increase the distance between source and receiver and by altering the relative orientation of the source and receiver. Noise level at the receiver end reduces in inverse proportion to the square of the distance between the receiver and the source; and ❖ Provision of separate cabins for workers/operators

➢ Impact Mitigation Measures for Water Environment

❖ There will not be any process waste water (or) cooling water blow down from the SMS as closed circuit cooling system will be adopted. Closed circuit cooling system will be adopted in cooling of Billets and TMT Bars/Structural steel/MS Rounds/Strips. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling in the steel plant. Sanitary waste water (10 KLD) will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. ❖ Provision of Storm water drainage system with adequate capacity, Proper maintenance of storm water drainage. ❖ Rain water harvesting shall be promoted. Rainwater from the catchment area of the buildings and hardscape / paved area will be harvested and stored in the underground storage tank. Table 4.7 is showing the Rain water harvesting potential calculation

Table 4.7: Rain Water harvesting potential calculation: Catchment Area in Rainfall Runoff Filter Total runoff generated area Sq. m. in m coefficient efficiency (cum/annum) Catchment Area 9307 1.2 0.85 90% 8543 Total 8543

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The capacity of tank to be constructed for water harvesting may be taken 20% of annual rain water yield i.e. 20% of 8543m3 = 1708m3. Two rectangular underground tanks of equal size of 900m3 (15x15x4) are proposed to be constructed. Hence around 5kl (1713kl/342days) of harvested rain water can be utilized for 342 days of plant operation

Socio-Economic Environment

❖ Both skilled and unskilled local person shall be given preference for the jobs in the operation and maintenance of the plant.

4.4 Impact Matrix

The matrix was designed for the assessment of impacts associated with almost any type of project. Its method of a checklist that incorporates qualitative information on cause-and-effect relationships but it is also useful for communicating results. Matrix method incorporates a list of impacting activities and their likely environmental impacts, presented in a matrix format. Combining these lists as horizontal and vertical axes in the matrix allows the identification of cause effect relationships, if any, between specific activities and impacts. The impact matrix for the actions identified in Table 4.8 along with various environmental parameters. A rating scale has been devised to give severity of impacts in the following manner.

A. Beneficial (positive) impact – Long term B. Low beneficial impact – Short term C. Strong adverse (negative) impact – Long term D. Low adverse impact (localized in nature) – Short term E. No impacts on environment

Table 4.8: Impact Matrix Positive Impact Negative Impact No S.N. Activity Short Long Short Long Impact Term Term Term Term Pre-Project Activity 1 Displacement and resettlement √ of local people 2 Change in land use √ 3 Loss of trees/vegetation √ 4 Shifting of equipment, √ machinery and material 5 Employment for local people √ Construction Phase 1 Pressure on infrastructure and √ transportation system 2 Impact on air quality including √

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Positive Impact Negative Impact No S.N. Activity Short Long Short Long Impact Term Term Term Term dust generation 3 Noise Pollution √ 4 Traffic √ 5 Impact on the land/soil √ environment 6 Impact on groundwater √ 7 Stacking and disposal of √ construction material 8 Impact on water quality √ 9 Health and safety conditions of √ people 10 Social impact √ 11 Economic impact √ Operation Phase 1 Increase in air pollution and noise √ levels 2 Water harvesting and recharge √ 3 Disposal of solid waste √ 4 Infrastructure development √ 5 Quality of life √ 6 Handling operations for transfer, charging of raw materials, final √ product

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4.5 Summary of Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures

The summary of the Impacts and Mitigation measures for the above-mentioned environmental attributes is as summarized in Table 4.9.

Table 4.9: Summary of Impacts and Mitigation Measures Activity Environmental Causes Impact Characteristics Attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance & Mitigation measures

Transportation Air quality Transportation of Direct Short Reversible Medium, Regular emission checks of (SPM & RPM) construction material Negative Term will be performed. construction in trucks & exhaust on materials emission from vehicles Noise levels Noise generation Direct Short Reversible Insignificant, if regular vehicle from vehicles Negative Term maintenance is done. Risk Risk of accidents Direct Long Irreversible Insignificant, if safety measures during transit Negative Term are taken to prevent accidents Construction Air quality Operation of Direct Short Reversible Insignificant, if regular water activities / laying (SPM & RPM) construction Negative Term sprinkling can be done of roads machinery, welding & others Noise levels Generation from Direct Short Reversible Insignificant, if properly use of machinery Negative Term maintained machineries can be used and PPEs to be provided to workers

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Activity Environmental Causes Impact Characteristics Attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance & Mitigation measures

Land use Setting up of Direct Short Term Reversible Top soil to be stored for future use project Negative

Ecology Loss of vegetation Direct Short Reversible Insignificant, No cutting of trees Negative Term and green belt Development is envisaged. Handling & Transportation of Direct Short Irreversible The covered dumper and trained Transportation of Air raw material to the Negative Term transporter /driver will be engaged raw material Site. (Dust for the transportation of the raw Emission) materials. The raw material is Direct Long Reversible The unloading will be done in covered emptied to the Raw Negative Term area. More over there will be water sprinkling system. So that minimum Air material storage yard. While unloading there dust emission will occur. The Impact is dust emission will be insignificant. released into the Beside, the management will also atmosphere (Dust ensure proper usage of the personal Emission). protective equipments by the workers to avoid any exposure to dust.

Land Spillage of raw Direct Long Reversible The raw material storage yard will material on the land Negative Term be made of RCC. Hence no contamination of the land is envisaged.

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Activity Environmental Causes Impact Characteristics Attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance & Mitigation measures

Operation of the Air quality Dust emission Direct Long Reversible Stack will be provided with Induction furnace from Stack, Negative Term appropriate APC system so, the Fugitive emission impact will be insignificant. If no APC system is installed there will be high impact. If proper water sprinkling system is installed then the impact due to fugitive emission will be insignificant. Waste water Water Only Domestic Direct Long Reversible In the process there will be discharge waste water Negative Term requirement of water in cooling and no water will be discharged. So, as a whole it can be said that there will be no impact due to production process. Beside this there will be discharge of domestic waste water which will be taken into septic tank and soak pit so this will not cause any impact on the water environment of the area. Green Belt Air Dispersion of Air Positive Long Reversible Very High positive Impact due to emission from Term development of a proper green belt stationary sources along the periphery of the

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Activity Environmental Causes Impact Characteristics Attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance & Mitigation measures

along with premises. Fugitive emission Rain Water Water Minimization of Positive Long Reversible Because of the RWH system, Harvesting fresh water Term requirement if fresh water can be minimized

Employment Socio Economic Direct & Direct Long Reversible Positive Impact due to hiring of Indirect Positive Term manpower from the nearby area. Employment Substantial benefits in the form of contracts to local agencies for different services

Employment generation in transport sector as several local conveyance trips and trucks loadings will be handled every day.

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The above table can be summarized as shown in below matrix as Table 4.10.

Table 4.10: Overall Matrix

4.6 Conclusion

From the above discussion it can be concluded that proposed project activity at Mejia, Bankura by Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. shall not create any significant negative impact on physical features, water, noise and air environment. The proposed project shall generate additional direct and indirect employment and indirect service sector enhancement in the region and would help in the socio-economic up-liftmen of the local area as well as the state.

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CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITES AND TECHNOLOGY

5.1 Analysis of Alternative Sites

Selection of suitable site for a project is as important as selecting a technology and suppliers. Factor which are taken into account for selection of site are proximity to raw materials or market and availability of manpower, water, infrastructure and ease of transportation. However a new dimension has also raised concerns in selection of site and that is environment. Factors taken into consideration while selecting the site:

• Availability of land. • Flat terrain and soil strength. • Connectivity. • Overall impact on environment • Availability of water and power • Other infrastructure. The project is proposed within barren area, which is well connected to state highway and nearby railway station. Hence, sufficient infrastructure exists and lesser resources are required to be deployed for modernization as infrastructure. Since, construction for infrastructure does not require and hence does not affect the environment in any way. As the proposed site has all the above facilities and is adjacent to an industrial belt housing similar and other types of industries, no other site was considered. 5.2 Alternative Technology

The technologies mentioned in chapter 2 for production of MS Billets, TMT Bar and Wire rod are very well proven technology for over a period of time all over the world. In view of the above no technological failures are anticipated. Hence no alternative technologies are considered

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CHAPTER 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.1 Introduction

Environmental Management is nothing but resource management and environmental planning is just the same as development planning. They are just the other side of the same coin. The resource management and development planning look at the issue from narrow micro-economical point of view while environmental management views the issue from the broader prospective of long term sustained development option, which ensures that the environment is not desecrated.

For the effective and consistent functioning of the project, proper environmental monitoring programme shall be continued to be carried out at the proposed Steel Plant.

The programme includes the following:

• Environmental Monitoring • Personnel Training • Regular Environmental audits and Correction measures • Documentation–standards operation procedures Environmental Management Plan and other records

6.2 Environmental Monitoring

The environmental monitoring is an important part in terms of assessing the implementation of pollution control equipments is installed in the industry to abate and reduce the pollution level at site. The sampling and analysis of the environmental attributes will be as per the guidelines framed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) / West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB).

Work of monitoring shall be carried out at the locations to assess the environmental health in the post period. A post study monitoring programme is important as it provides useful information on the following aspects.

The monitoring programmes in different areas of environment, outlined in the next few sections, have been based on the findings of the impact assessment studies described in Chapter 4. Post study monitoring programme have been summed up in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring During Project Construction Stage Sr. No. Potential Impact Action to be Followed Parameters for Frequency of Monitoring Monitoring 1 Air Emissions All equipment’s are Random checks of Periodic

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Sr. No. Potential Impact Action to be Followed Parameters for Frequency of Monitoring Monitoring operated within equipment logs/ specified design manuals parameters Vehicle trips to be Vehicle logs Periodic during optimized to the extent site clearance & possible construction activities Maintenance of Particulate and Periodic emission Induction Furnace Gaseous monitoring emissions to meet emissions (SO2, stipulated standards HC, CO, NOx) Ambient air quality The ambient air As per CPCB / within the premises of quality shall WBPCB the proposed unit to be conform to the requirement or on monitored standards for monthly basis

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, whichever is

NOx, and CO earlier List of all noise Equipment logs, Regular during generating machinery noise reading construction onsite along with age to activities be prepared. Equipment to be maintained in good working order Night working is to be Working hour Daily records minimized. records 2 Noise Generation of vehicular Maintenance of Daily records noise. records of vehicles Noise to be monitored in Spot noise As per CPCB/ ambient air within the recording WBPCB plant premises. requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier No discharge to be made No discharge Periodic during Wastewater to surface water, hoses shall be in construction 3 Discharge groundwater or soil. vicinity of activities watercourses. Protect topsoil stockpile Effective cover in Periodic during 4 Soil Erosion where possible at edge place. construction of site. activities Ensure drainage system Visual inspection Periodic during Drainage and and specific design of drainage and construction 5 wastewater measures are working records thereof activities Management effectively. The design to incorporate existing

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Sr. No. Potential Impact Action to be Followed Parameters for Frequency of Monitoring Monitoring drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same. Implement waste Comprehensive Periodic check management plan that Waste during identifies and Management Plan construction characterizes every should be in place activities waste arising associated and available for with proposed activities inspection on-site. and which identifies the Compliance with 6 Waste Management procedures for MSW Rules, 2016 collection, handling & and Hazardous disposal of each waste Wastes arising. (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 Employees and migrant All relevant Regular check ups 7 Health labour health check ups parameters including HIV Loss of flora and Re-vegetation as per No. of plants, During site 8 fauna Forest guidelines species clearance

Table 6.2: Environmental Monitoring During Project Operation Stage Sr. No Particulars Monitoring Method of Important Monitoring Frequency Sampling Parameters I A. Air Pollution & Meteorology A Stack Monitoring 1 Induction Once Online Flue gas temp., velocity, Furnace flow, dust conc., SO2, NOx B. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 1 3 - 4 No. of Twice in a 24 hr. As per NAAQs 2009 AAQ week PM, SO2, NOx, locations Hydrocarbons as HC, VOCs C. Meteorology 1 Wind speed, direction, temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, rainfall etc shall be monitored at plant. II A. Water quality 1 Ground Once in a Grab Parameters specified Water month under IS:2295 (Class C) and IS:10500,

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III Industrial Noise Levels 1 Near Once in 5 8 hr Noise levels in dB(A) administrative months continuous office with 1 hr 2 Pump house interval Noise levels in dB(A) 3 D G area Noise levels in dB(A) Ambient Noise Levels 1 Four Once in three 24 hr Noise levels in dB(A) locations months for the continuous industry Once with one hr in each season interval for ambient noise levels IV Soil Quality 1 Inside the Pre-Monsoon Grab Physio-chemical plant and Post parameters Monsoon season 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring of ambient air quality at the proposed Steel Plant site shall be continued to be carried out on a regular basis to ascertain the levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NOX in the atmosphere; ambient air quality shall be monitored as per Table 6.1 & 6.2.

6.2.2 Surface Water Quality

Water quality constitutes another important area in the post study monitoring programme. The nearest waterbody is Damodar River which is situated at a distance of 2.8 km from the project site within the study area. Contamination of surface water in the vicinity of the proposed Steel area during the operation is not possible as there will not be any discharge of waste water from the plant site.

6.2.3 Noise Level

Ambient noise levels have been monitored at 4 stations inside and outside the plant during baseline season for day time and night time.

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CHAPTER 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES

The outlines of the proposed project, the pre –project environmental status and the impact assessment along with proper mitigation measures have been duly addressed in the previous Chapters. This Chapter briefly encompasses the additional aspects that were also dealt upon while conducting EIA study for the proposed project to be sited at Village: Tarapur, District: Bankura, State: West Bengal.

7.1 Environmental Risk Assessment The safety and protection of people, equipment and the environment is a serious concern in Engineering industries. Steel Plants have recognized the significance of Safe Working Environment and are progressively trying to prevent hazardous events, avoid production & manpower losses and other fallouts associated with industrial accidents by conducting risk assessment, onsite & off site management plan and adopting the safety measures as proposed. This also assists industries to enhance employee knowledge of operations, improve technical procedures, maintain accurate process safety information and increase overall facility productivity. This Chapter, accordingly, gives an outline of the associated environmental and other risk prone hazards, their assessment and remedial measures. It also describes an approach to emergency planning to be adopted by the Plant management.

7.1.1 Objectives The objectives of environmental risk assessment are governed by the following, which excludes natural calamities:

a) Identifying the potential hazardous areas so that adequate design safety measures can be adopted to reduce the likelihood of accidental events. b) Identifying the stakeholders and evaluating their risk along with proposing adequate control techniques. c) Identifying the probable areas of environmental disaster which can be prevented by proper design of the installations and its controlled operation. d) Managing the emergency situation or a disastrous event, if any, during the plant operation.

Environmental risk assessment is a systematic approach for identification, evaluation, mitigation and control of hazards that could occur as a result of failures in process, procedures, or equipment. Increasing industrial accidents, loss of life & property, public scrutiny, statutory requirements and intense industrial processes, all contribute to a growing need to ensure that risk management is conducted and implemented.

Managing a disastrous event would require prompt action by the operators and plant emergency staff using all their existing resources like deployment of fire-fighting equipment, operation of emergency shut off valves, water sprays etc.

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Minimizing the immediate consequences of a hazardous event include cordoning off, evacuation, medical assistance and providing correct information to the families of the affected persons and local public to avoid rumours and panic.

Lastly, an expert committee is required to probe the cause of such an event, even if it is a "near miss" situation, note the loss incurred/would have been incurred, and suggest remedial measures for implementation so that in future such events or similar events do not recur.

7.1.2 Definition of Environmental Risks The following terms related to environmental risks are defined before reviewing the environmental risks:

Harm Damage to person, property or environment. Hazard Situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property, or environment. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called an incident. Hazard and possibility interact together to create risk. An environmental hazard is thus going to be a set of circumstances, which leads to direct or indirect degradation of environment and damage to the life and property. Risk The probability of harm or likelihood of harmful occurrence and its severity. Environmental risk is a measure of the potential threats to the environment, life and property Consequence Effect due to occurrence of the event, which may endanger the environment permanently or temporarily and, or, loss of life and property. Environmental The consequence can extensively damage any one or all the four Disaster components of the environment, namely, (i) physico-chemical, (ii) biological, (iii) human and (iv) aesthetics. 7.1.3 Identification of Hazards This is an early check of major hazards, which are of risk potential - including the potential for disastrous interactions of the various plant operational activities. This checklist, though not strictly speaking a Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) would considerably facilitate a full scale HAZOP Study for final drawing up of risk management measures when the ‘design-freeze’ stage commences. The identification of hazards anticipation for the proposed project activities are presented below in Table below.

Table: 7.1: Hazard Identification for the proposed steel plant Nature of Hazard Group Item Remarks Hazard Potential Raw Water treatment Toxic Major Bio-Corrosive materials chemicals like handling acids/alkalis

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Nature of Hazard Group Item Remarks Hazard Potential Lube oil/grease Fire Moderate Flammable Production Units Steel Making Release of untreated Toxic Major Severe pollution BOFs wastewater of surface water BOFG Handling Fire Major Fire Hazard Hot Liquid, steel Heat Radiation Major Bio-Corrosive and slag handling Rolling Mills Gas firing Fire Major Fire Hazard Release of untreated Toxic Major Severe pollution wastewater of surface water Utilities Fuel Gas Gas leak Fire &Toxic Major Fire & Co Pollution Electric Short circuit Fire Major Fire Hazard Power Supply Liquid Fuel Fuel handling & Fire & Toxic Major Fire Hazard storage area Hydraulic Oil Accidental Fire & Toxic Moderate Fire & Personal & Lubricant discharge of Injury hydraulic oil under pressure

From the Table, it may be observed that major on -site emergency situation may occur from the chemicals storage and handling, fuel gas handling, molten metal and slag handling, acids and alkali storage and handling and electrical short-circuit. The off-site environmental disaster may arise if large -scale fire or explosion occurs, the effect of which extends beyond the plant boundary. The off -site environmental disaster may take place due to significant environmental degradation for a sustained period.

7.1.4 Environmental Risk Evaluation From environmental hazards point of view, risk analysis (RA) acts as a scrutinizing vehicle for establishing the priority in risk management that concerns human health and environmental quality in general. Though the proposed facilities are not manufacturing, storing or handling any potentially hazardous/toxic chemicals a scheduled in Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC)

Rules, 1989 and its amendments thereof, the proposed facility would have installations, such as, storage and handling of fuel oil, and fuel gases. Environmental Qualitative Risk Analysis Flow Chart Procedure is explicitly depicted in Fig. 7.1

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Figure 7.1: Environmental Risk Qualitative Analysis

As revealed in the chart in the preceding page, raw materials & consumable chemicals, and processing of the same in various production units, along with relative risk potential analysis is made on the following three factors using a P/I (Probability/ Impact) analysis methodology.

• Likelihood of Occurrence • Likelihood of detection • Severity of Consequence

Each of these factors is graded and complied to determine the risk potential. The factors governing the determination of relative risk potentials are presented in Table 7.2.

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Table 7.2: Relative Risk Potential [A] [B] [C] Likelihood of Occurrence Likelihood of Detection Severity of Consequence Criteria Rank Criteria Rank Criteria Rank Very High 5 Very High 1 None 2 High 4 High 2 Minor 4 Moderate 3 Moderate 3 Low 6 Low 2 Low 4 Moderate 8 Very Low 1 Very Low 5 High 10

RISK POTENTIAL (RP) = (A+B) x C

Based on the above stated criteria for assessing the risk, each probable event has been evaluated by addressing several questions on the probability of event occurrence in view of the in -built design features, detection response, operational practice and its likely consequence. A summarized list of environmental risk potential for the likely events is presented in Table 7.3.

The present risk potential evaluation is primarily based on human errors or faulty operation or failure of the control systems.

Table 7.3: Risk Potential Evaluation Sl. Event Likelihood of Likelihood of Severity of Risk No Occurrence Detection Consequence Potential 1 Fuel gas leaks from High (4) Low(4) High(10) 80 Pipelines/Valve 2 Unsafe disposal of oily High (4) Low(4) Moderate(8) 64 waste of rolling mills 3 Occurrence in static Very low(1) Very low(5) High(10) 60 electricity /electric spark in milling room 4 Leakage of acids/alkalis Low(2) Very low(5) Moderate(8) 56 5 Uncontrolled dust High (4) Moderate(3) Moderate(8) 56 emissions/ failure of emission control system 6 Wet scrubbers running dry Low(2) Moderate(3) High(10) 50 7 Oil Waste/Oil sludge Low(2) High(2) Moderate(8) 32 handling 8 Splashing of molten Low(2) Very High(1) High(10) 30 metals slag 9 Release of untreated Low(2) Very High(1) High(10) 30 wastewater 10 Collapsing of acid alkali Low(2) Very High(1) High(10) 30 tanks

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From the above Table, it appears that some events carry risk potential above 50. These would be considered as hazardous events, where effective safe-design for operation and maintenance is highly essential to reduce the risk.

Table 7.4: Summary of Risk Analysis Probability of Sl.No Scenario Envisaged Risks/causes Consequence Occurrence 1 Fire in fuel oil storage Ignition of Oil Major fire Occasional 2 Catastrophic Rupture Ignition of Jet fire Remote of LDO / FO storage LDO / FO oil Tank 3 Bursting/Explosion 4 Molten metal Puncture of Explosion & injuries to Remote explosion ladle /furnace men working in Blast furnace & shell SMS 5 Fire in Underground Insulation Major Fire Remote cables galleries failure & Short Circuit 6 Boiler Explosion Over pressure Pressure wave / missile Remote due to failure effect of exploded of pieces Safety devices 7 Catastrophic rupture of Over pressure Burns to Personnel Remote steam line 7.1.5 Risk Management Measures Furnace:

Preventive Measures

• If any job is to be undertaken in EOF & BOF areas where the EOF & BOF gases are toxic, the following procedure has to be laid down to ensure safety of men and the equipment. • Gas Safety man will accompany the team and will test the atmosphere for the presence of CO, before starting the work. • If `CO' concentration is found exceeding the safe limit, the job will be undertaken using necessary safety appliances viz., Oxygen Breathing Apparatus/ Blower type Gas mask. • Any gas cutting/welding job will be undertaken with the clearance from Gas Safety man.

Gas Explosion, Prevention & Preventive measures

Preventive Measures

The following actions will be taken to prevent any gas explosions in case of gas leakage

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• For jobs on gas lines/equipment, non-sparking copper tools will used. If such tools are not available, grease coated steel tools will be used. Electrical drill & other electrical equipment will not be used as these can give rise to sparks. • The gas line will be thoroughly purged with steam before undertaking the job on the same. • Naked lights will not be used near any de-pressurized gas main or equipment unless the same has been thoroughly purged. • In case of profuse leakage of gas, action will be taken for water sealing and isolating that portion. • The approach road to the gas line complex will be kept free from any obstructions. • The gas line will be thoroughly purged with steam before undertaking the job on the same. Naked lights will not be used near any de-pressurized gas main or equipment unless the same has been thoroughly purged. • In case of profuse leakage of gas, action will be taken for water sealing and isolating that portion. • The approach road to the gas line complex will be kept free from any obstructions. • If gas catches fire due to some leakage, it will be extinguished with plastic clay, steam or water. The portion of gas main affected will be cooled down with water. The valve will not be closed when fire is still there and the pressure in the main will be maintained at minimum 100 mm (WC). • Gas tapping points of flow or pressure measurement will be cleaned with wooden stick or grease coated wire. • If lighting is necessary near gas line, Table spark proof electric lamps of low voltage or explosion proof torchlight will be used for enclosed areas.

Hot Metal and Slag

Sudden break out of molten metal & slag may result in heavy explosions, due to their coming in contact with water, thereby causing serious burn injuries to persons and damage to equipment

Preventive Measures

• Any accumulation of water will be prevented in such vulnerable areas. • In case of minor leakages, the flow of molten metal & slag will be controlled. • If there is major breakout, the area will be cut off and cordoned. • Vital connections e.g. water, gas, compressed air, oxygen etc. will be cut off or regulated, as per requirement

7.2 Disaster Management Plan

In the past there have been various disasters which had caused loss of human life, other living beings, property, nature, etc. in various parts of the world. These disasters include those which are naturally occurring, like the earthquake that struck Latur district in Maharastra State in 1993 where loss of human life to the extent of 3000 was recorded or industry related

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events that cause serious damage to human life, property and environment. These past situations call for well-co-ordinated actions of individuals and institutions from the local community and this can be achieved only if there is awareness in the community of the possible hazards and the need for mutual preparedness to cope with their consequences. Considering this, the Industry & Environment Office of United Nations Environment Programme has formulated a process known as APELL (Awareness and Preparedness for Emergencies at Local Level).

Main Objectives

• Prevent loss of life or damage to health, social well being, avoid property damage and ensure environmental safety, in the local community • To localize the emergency • To minimize the consequences • To ensure that following concepts are considered, namely rescue, first aid, • Evacuation, rehabilitation, spreading the information.

ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

Local authorities and industrial personnel play a role when the disaster takes place inside the plant and the effects are confined to the factory premises involving only the people working in the plant. To deal with such eventualities, On-Site Emergency Plan is required and it is the responsibility of the plant to prepare this.

OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

When an accident takes place in an industry / plant and its effects are felt outside its premises, the situation thus created is called as Off-Site Emergency. In this case, in addition to industry and local authorities, the local community and interest groups also come into play and thus an Off-Site Emergency plan should be made and it is the responsibility of District Authorities and the plant authorities.

Based on above, On-Site Emergency plan and Off-Site Emergency plan for Amiya Steel Private Limited Plant has been prepared.

7.2.1 On-Site Emergency Plan

• Controlling the emergency, locating the emergency eliminating the hazard. • Welfare of persons managing the disaster. • Rescue operations and treatment of injured. • Timely evacuation. • Minimizing damage to property & environment. • Informing and collaborating with statutory authorities. Informing and co-coordinating with social agencies like Fire Brigade, Hospital authorities etc. • Informing and assisting relatives.

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• Informing the news media. Giving correction information to news media in order to avoid panic among public and create positive feeling among the community.

ORGANIZATION

Organization Chart Chief Controller of Disasters (Factory General Manager) Team-1 Team-2 Team-3 Team-4 Team-5 Team-6 Area Medical Material Fire-Safety Fire-Safety Security Co- Co- Co- Co- Co- Co- Ordinator Ordinator Ordinator Ordinator Ordinator Ordinator plant Chief Civil Civil HR Security Manager Chemist Engineer Engineer Manager Officer

ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES

1. CHIEF DISASTER CONTROLLER (CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER) • Take control and declare emergency • Be there • Contact Authorities

2. AREA CO-ORDINATOR • Take steps. Make emergency shut-down of activities. Put everything in safe condition. • Evacuate. • Commence initial fire-fighting, till Fire Department comes to take up. • Identify materials requirements and call Material Manager.

3. MEDICAL CO-ORDINATOR • Establish Emergency Center, Treat affected persons, Transfer/Remove Patients • Assign and Deploy staff • Contact Authorities

4. MATERIAL CO-ORDINATOR • Dispatch necessary supplies • Arrange purchases

5. FIRE & SAFETY CO-ORDINATOR • Overall in-charge for Fire and Safety. • Coordinate with area coordinator and direct the operations • Coordinate with City and other fire-tenderers

6. PR & SECURITY CO-ORDINATOR • Remove crowd

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• Arrange gate security • Contact Police • Arrange evacuation • Contact outside Agencies if asked. • Handle news media • Mobilize vehicles • Arrange food, clothing to Officers inside

7. EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTER • Adequate Internal phones • Adequate external phones • Workers tally

8. ACTION ON SITE • Evacuate. Non-essential people first at assembly point • Persons accounting • Record of next-of-kin • Public relations

9. POST DISASTER ANALYSIS • Why it happened? • Whether on-site operations failed? In what respect? • How to avoid such failure in future? • Map showing hazardous storages, fire horns, safety equipments, gates and side gates, assembly points, list of persons. • Report to be submitted in detail to Authorities. • Compensation arrangements if any, commenced? • Call suggestions on shortfalls observed. • Give rewards openly, pull defaulters individually.

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Safety Audit will be conducted by qualified technical personnel to study the installation and activities of the industry and to suggest measures to protect personnel and property against the risks. The areas of possible hazardous incident are given for follow up action:

➢ Fire in storage yard and diesel storage tanks. ➢ Electric Short circuit and consequent fire accident. ➢ Any likely sort of explosion in Boiler area ➢ Puncture of Boiler tubes. ➢ Furnace explosion ➢ Bursting of pipeline joints. ➢ Fall from high level structures

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FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES a) Water Hydrant System b) Fire Extinguishers Foam Type:

CO2 Type: DCP Type: c) Fire Protective Appliances Two sets of fire safety appliances each consisting of following units are located at store and alcohol storage, respectively. Face masks & gas masks (2), Face shield (2), Helmet (6), Safety belts (2), Safety ladder (1) d) Fire Brigade Fire brigade facilities available at AmiyaSteel will be utilized whenever need arises.

7.2.2 On-Site Emergency Management Plan The On-Site emergency plan will be circulated to all concerned members of emergency teams. It is essential that all concerned familiarize themselves with the overall on-site emergency plan and their respective roles and responsibilities during and in emergency. They should also participate regularly in the mock drills that will be conducted so as to keep themselves and the emergency organization in a state of perpetual preparedness at all times to meet any emergency.

Scope of Onsite Emergency Plan

The plan covers information regarding the properties of the Industry, type of disasters and disaster/accident-prone zones, the actual disaster control plans with authority delegation, controlling and other details. General details like location, project layout, neighboring entities and the assistance they can render etc., are also provided.

The important elements considered in this plan are

➢ Statutory requirements ➢ Emergency organization ➢ Roles and Responsibilities ➢ Communications during emergency ➢ Emergency shutdown & control of situation

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➢ Rescue & Rehabilitation ➢ Emergency facilities ➢ Important Information

Emergency

A major emergency in any situation is one, which has the potential to cause serious injury or loss of life, which may cause extensive damage to the structures in the vicinity and environment and could result in serious disruption to normal operation both inside and outside the industry premises. Depending on the magnitude of the emergency, services of the outside agencies may also be required for supplementing the internal effort to effectively handle the emergency and to contain the damage. The Management has to take effective steps to assess, minimize and wherever feasible eliminate the risks to a large extent. Accidents may still occur and it is necessary to be fully prepared to tackle all such emergencies if and when they occur

It is likely that the consequences of such emergencies will be confined to the units concerned or may affect outside. If the consequences are confined within the plant boundary, it is then termed as On Site Emergency and will be controlled by Chief Emergency Controller. In order to generate the plans it is necessary to first determine the kinds of accidents leading to an emergency that can occur in the industry. The most widely used technique in practice is based on experience accumulated over many years and safety audits.

Methodology

➢ The considerations in an emergency planning include the following: - ➢ Identification and assessment of hazards and risks ➢ Hazard, consequence analysis ➢ Alarm and communication procedures ➢ Identifying, appointment of personnel & assignment of responsibilities ➢ Identification and equipping Emergency control center, Identifying Assembly, Rescue points, Medical facilities. ➢ Emergency preparedness plan, procedures, steps to be taken before, during and after emergency. ➢ Formulation of plan and emergency sources. ➢ Training rehearsal, evaluation and updating the plan.

Structure of Emergency Management

➢ Noticing the accidents ➢ Informing declarer of emergency ➢ Declaration of emergency ➢ Functions of declarer ➢ Interaction with outside agencies ➢ Emergency action plan & chart ➢ Emergency action plan

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In case of major emergency, the steps to be taken immediately by various agencies are all follows.

S.N Step to be Taken Agency 1. Noticing of emergency situation Operator / Supervisor 2. Assessment of Situation Section head 3. Information to emergency Declarer HOD 4. Plant siren for declaring emergency Emergency Declarer depending on situation 5. Shutdown of equipments /Plant Shop Head 6. Assessment of impact and organizing control Incident /Site Controller measure 7. Proper function of control rooms Emergency Controller 8. Co -ordination with outside agencies GM-HR 9. Control measures at site (Rescue, evacuation, Incident Controller Fire, Firefighting etc.) 10.Seeking help from outside, nearby factories. Incident Controller & Safety 11.All clear Signal ( After controlling emergency Emergency Declarer situation)

Infrastructure of Emergency Control Centre

Emergency control centres should therefore contain the following

• An adequate number of external telephones; if possible, one should accept only outgoing calls, in order to bypass jammed switchboards during an emergency. • An adequate number of internal telephones • Radio equipment • A plan of the works, to show: • Areas where there are large inventories of hazardous materials. • Sources of safety and first aid equipment. • The Firefighting system and additional sources of water. • Site entrance and roadways, including up-to-date information on road Traffic. • Assembly points. • Vehicle parking and rail sidings. • Additional work and layout plans detailing alternate routes and affected areas, during an emergency. • Note pads, pens and pencils. • A nominal role of employees. • A list of key personnel, with addresses, telephone numbers, etc.

The emergency control center should be sited in an area of minimum risk. Suitable location from where clear view of the plant is possible or the control room can be designated as

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Emergency Control Center. All the Site Controller/ Incident Controller Officers, Senior Personnel would be located here or have access to the ECC.

Emergency Medical Facilities

Stretchers, gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns, etc., would be maintained in the medical center as well as in the Emergency Control Room. A range of medicines should be maintained in the ECC/ Medical Center. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment should be provided and maintained. The Medical Center should display poster for treating burns and first aid. Some medicines and facilities to be kept in the medical center are suggested. The list is indicative and the qualified doctors of the medical center should use their professional judgment for medical treatment.

Emergency Action Plans

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR CYLINDER FIRE

• When filled container containing LPG is involved in fire, internal pressure if not relieved, will build up above 70KG/SQ.CM and ultimately rupture the container. Rupture weak by direct flame impingement. Ruptured containers can be propelled at distance by jet action. • If container’s pressure is not raised up to 70KG/SQ.CM, leakage from screwed valve joint can occur due to different expansion of steel and brass. • Ignition of the escaping gas would aggravate the fire but release of fire reduces the possibility of rupture. • No attempt should be made to extinguish the burning gas but the container under fire and other containers in vicinity should be kept cool by water spray. • If the gas leakage does not ignite, the container should be approached from up and removed to the place of safety away from the source of ignition.

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR ELECTRIC FIRE

• Disconnect the affected areas electric supply. • Attempt to extinguish fire with the help of CO2, DCP • If fire is not extinguished, extinguish by spraying water with fognozzle after ensuring complete isolation of electric circuit

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR OIL FIRE

• Attempt to extinguish small fire with the help of DCP • If the fire is not controlled, use water foam to blanket the fire and further action is to be taken

The proposed project will provide elaborate arrangements for managing any incidents of fire

• Water Tender • Foam Tender

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• PorTable Pump • Wireless set • Water Hoses • Hot line Telephone etc.

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR MEDICAL AID

Emergency Action Plan for Electric Shock Casualties Electric Shock Results in irreversible damage to brain cell begins followed by deterioration of the organs.

RESCUE AND FIRST AID

• Do first aid quickly and without fuss and panic • Switch off the supply if this can be done at once. • If not possible use a dry stick, dry cloth or other non-conductor to separatethe victim from electrical contact. • The rescuer must avoid receiving shock himself by wearing gloves or using ajacket to pull the victim. • Always keep in mind that delay in rescue and resuscitation may be fatal. • Every sound counts.

ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION

Give artificial respiration if breathing has stopped. There are several methods of artificial respiration, if the victim is not injured over the face, try mouth to mouth.

NATURAL HAZARDS

Emergency Action plan for Tornado/High winds

A. Weather reports will be monitored from broadcast warnings regarding threatening conditions. B. If the tornado has been sighted or effect is felt, following steps should be taken by plant personnel. • Persons will be notified over public address system or through siren. • Emergency services will be alerted for assistance. • Plant personnel should be advised to assemble in the administration building basement, staff room, recreation room and restrooms. • All safety systems should be kept on alert and all nonessential utilities should be put off. C. After the status is restored, personnel should inspect all the facilities for resource, first aid and damage control activities, damage assessment, and cleanup, restoration and recovery.

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Emergency Action Plan for Earthquakes

A. When first tremors are sensed during an earthquake, all personnel should evacuate buildings and assemble at safe place away from structures, walls and falling objects. Emergency shutdown should be declared. B. Emergency services should be contacted for assistance. C. After the status is restored, personnel should inspect all the facilities for rescue, first aid and damage control activities, damage assessment, cleanup, restoration and recovery.

Emergency Action Plan for Bomb Threat

• When bomb threat call is received the following measures are to be taken. • Inform the message to the highest local police authority and seek their assistance for patrolling and security need. • Inform Controller of Explosives the details and nature of the anonymous message and read operations. • Request the Local Fire Brigade to position at least on fire tender at the Location immediately. • Keep the Concerned Department at the Regional Level informed with the developments at regular intervals. • Alert the Local Government / Private Hospitals and seek their help for providing Ambulances if necessary.

LIST OF COORDINATORS AND THEIR CONTACT NUMBERS Sr. No. Name Designation Phone No. 1 Arindam Mondal Director 2 Debashis Deka 3 Sunil Thapar

ADDRESS & TELEPHONE DIRECTORY OF CIVIC AUTHORITIES Name Designation Office Ph Nos. S. No. District Administration 1 Dr Uma Sankar S, IAS District Magistrate & Collector, 03242-250304 Bankura, West Bengal 2 Shri Asim Kumar Biswas Additional District Magistrate 03242-250355 (General) 3 Anjan Chakrabarti Additional District Magistrate 03242-250757 (Development) 4 Shri Ajoy Sengupta BDO of Mejia Development 03241-250221 Block Police Administration 1 Superintendent of Police District Head Quarter, Bankura 03242-250305 Town 9434000328 2 Additional SP District Head Quarter, Bankura 03242-250549

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Town 3 Mejia Police Station 03241-250237 On duty Officer 8001305305 Health/Hospital 1 Mejia Health Centre 03241-250232 2 Mejia Ambulance 9046506050 8001518287

MEMBERS OF THE CONTROL ROOM OF RESPECTIVE BPHC MEJHIA Name Designation Mobile Number Dr. Nandan Banerjee BMOH 9474019510 Dr. Anik Biswas 2ndMedical Officer of Health 9434524975 Laxmi Samanta BMHN 9434151475 SIPRA MONDAL HA(M/F) 7872607134 ASHUTOSH SHIL MT LAB 9832296148 Benimadhab Khan PHARMACIST 9475373077 Amit Maj DEO 84362525240

EXTERNAL RESOURCES: Particulars Name Address Ph. No. 1. Fire Station Nilmadhab Stn Officer In 101,03242-243291 Mukherjee, Charge, Fire 9832967578 Station, Bankura Raja Stn Officer In 03244-256180 Bhattacharya, Charge, Fire 9434012826 Station, Bishnupur, Bankura Nur Ali Gazi, Stn Officer In 101, 9475113335 Charge, Fire 03243-255014 Station, Khatra 2. Police Station Mejiya Police 9083269325 Station, S.I. 03241-250237 ManasChatterjee 3. Any majorMaa Amba industry nearby Sponge Iron Ltd. Sova Ispat Ltd. Jyoti Sponge Iron Pvt. Ltd.

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7.3 Public Consultation As per the Terms of reference (TOR) for EIA, issued by State Level Expert Appraisal Committee, West Bengal vide Memo no 726-2N-61/2018(E) dated 13.12.2018, the Public hearing has been requisitioned according to the provisions of EIA Notification number SO1533(E) dated 14-09-2006. Accordingly the Project Proponent had applied to West Bengal Pollution Control Board for conducting the Public Hearing and the WBPCB had conducted the same on 30.07.2019 at the meeting hall of the office of the Mejia Panchayat Samity, Mejia, Bankura, West Bengal under the chairmanship of Shri Asim Kumar Biswas, WBCS (Exe), ADM(General), Bankura, West Bengal.

Public Notice was published in local news paper by the State Pollution Control board both in English and Bengali language on 28.06.2019. The notices are addressed in Figure 7.2

Suggestions, comments and views from local people on environmental issues regarding the project were invited. No written suggestion / Views / Comments / Objections were received. Photographs of Public Hearing are shown in Figure 7.3

Issues arose during the Public hearing and replies by proponent are mentioned below:

✓ Sri Amiya Bhattacharya of Vill Tarapur explained that the Project Proponent has an existing Sponge Iron manufacturing unit adjacent to the proposed unit. He claimed that environmental pollution for the existing sponge iron unit is very high and the unit does not take any steps to control the environmental pollution of the existing plant ✓ Sri Chandrakanta Bhattacharya of vill Tarapur expressed his dissatisfaction regarding the environmental pollution of existing sponge iron manufacturing unit. He claimed that dust generated from the existing plant is destroying the nature of the cultivated land ✓ Smt Anna Pal of Vill Tarapur welcomed the project and also she demanded that the PP should be careful about the environmental pollution of the proposed plant ✓ Smt Prabhati das of Vill tarapur welcomed the project and also demanded for appointing the local people for the project ✓ Smt. Pratima Mondal of Tarapur Village welcomed the project and claimed that the PP should be careful about the environmental pollution of the proposed plant ✓ Sri Bapi Adhikari of Vill Mejia expressed his concern regarding controlling of environmental pollution of the existing plant. He also suggested that plantation should be carried out properly and with immediate action ✓ Sri Kanchan Dey of Village Mejia enquired about the activity under Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) of the proposed project and source of Ground Water. ✓ Sri Sujay Das of Village Mejia asked about the method of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ✓ Sri tarak nath Dutta of Mejia expressed his concern about the functioning of Air Pollution Control Devices of existing plant. He suggested that the plantation and rain water harvesting should be carried out as per commitments made by the PP

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In response to the above questions Sri B. Mitra and Sri Dilip Chattacharjee on behalfof the Project Proponent informed that they are operating the existing plant following the Environmental Norms. They assured that plantation, rain water harvesting, CER etc will be carried out properly as per the norms. They also assured that in case of employment, priority will be given to the local people as per their qualification and skills and the technical staffs will be appointed after giving proper training. The representative of the PP informed that Ambient Air Quality Monitoring has been carried out during October 2018 to December 2018 in the area for preparation of EIA report. They informed that the source of water will be Ground water as well as DVC. The permission for Ground Water withdrawal has already been obtained.

Sri G.G Chakraborty, Assistant Environmental Engineer of WBPCB informed that the State and Central pollution Control Board are keeping close view regarding the environmental pollution of the existing unit and he also told that the State Board will take necessary regulatory action in case of any violation.

The duly singed proceeding is enclosed as Annexure VIII.

Figure 7.2: News Paper Notice of Public Hearing

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Figure 7.3: Photographs of Public Hearing

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CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 Project Benefits

The Proposed project will have indirect positive impact on surrounding area which is as mentioned below:

Thus a significant benefit to the socio-economic environment is likely to be created due to the project.

8.2 Improvements in the Physical Infrastructure

• The project will improve supply position of Billets, TMT Bars and Wire Rods in West Bengal State. • Maintain continuity of TMT Bar & Wire Rod supply to the consumers through distributors. • The project is expected to accelerate the infrastructure development in and around the area, such as rail, road, transports and communication facilities. • The proposed project will have numerous induced impacts on services to transport etc. It will also attract other entrepreneur to establish their venture in the region.

Establishment of large developmental projects improve the availability of the physical infrastructures like approach roads, drainage, communication and transportation facilities etc.

8.3 Improvements in the Social Infrastructure

M/S. Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. shall take up some community welfare activities under Corporate Social Responsibility and also improve the social infrastructures like education and health care system etc.

8.4 Employment Potential

The project shall provide employment potential under unskilled, semi-skilled and skilled categories. The employment potential shall increase with the start of construction activities, reach a peak during construction phase and then reduce with completion of construction activities.

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The direct employment opportunities with M/s. Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. are extremely limited and the opportunities exist mainly with the contractors and sub-contractors. These agencies will be persuaded to provide the jobs to local persons on a preferential basis wherever feasible.

8.5 CER and Socio-Economic Development

The total estimated cost of the project is 30.88 Crores. The project Proponent will allot 2% of the project cost i.e. around 68 Lacs towards the CER activity

The proposed CER activities are shown in table 8.1, although the heads can be changed on the basis of local demand analysis at the time of Public Hearing

Table 8.1: Year wise proposed CSR Activities by Amiya Steel Pvt Ltd Sl PROPOSED PROGRAMME AMOUNT No. (RS. IN LACS) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Year 5th Total Year Year Year Year

1 Financial Aid to Village 3 3 3 3 3 15 Schools including providing books, other materials through local body 2 Free Health Camp & Supply of 2 2 2 2 2 10 Medicine to villagers 3 Social infrastructure 3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 13 development 4 Green Belt Development in 2 3 2 2 2 11 near by villages in consultation with local authorities 5 Street Solar Lighting in nearby 4 4 4 4 3 19 areas Total 14 14.5 13.5 13.5 12.5 68

8.6 Direct Revenue Earning to the National and State Exchequer

This project will contribute additional revenue to the Central and State exchequer in the form of excise duty, income tax, state sales tax or VAT, tax for interstate movement, corporate

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taxes etc. Indirect contribution to the Central and State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from individual as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in developing the area.

8.7 Other Tangible Benefits

Both tangible and non-tangible benefits will result from this activity and many of those are described above. Apart from direct employment, many other benefits will accrue like

• Erosion control by nalla training, terracing and bunding • Flood control by rain-water arresting, and harvesting • Aesthetics improvement by general greening with emphasis on biodiversity • Developed economy strengthens democratic set-up. • Developed economy brings with it literacy and healthful living • Improved safety-security in surrounding with better Law and Order • Symbiosis and sustainable development will be the ultimate objective

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CHAPTER 9: ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

Not recommended at the Scoping stage

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CHAPTER 10. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 Introduction

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) provides an essential link between predicted impacts and mitigation measures during implementation and operational activities. EMP outlines the mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during project implementation and operation to avoid or mitigate adverse environmental impacts, and the actions needed to implement these measures.

The likely impacts on various components of environment due to the project during developmental activities have been identified and measures for their mitigation are suggested.

The EMP lists all the requirements to ensure effective mitigation of every potential biophysical and socio-economic impact identified in the EIA. For each attribute, or operation, which could otherwise give rise to impact, the following information is presented:

• A comprehensive listing of the mitigation measures • Parameters that will be monitored to ensure effective implementation of the action • Timing for implementation of the action to ensure that the objectives of mitigation are fully met

The EMP comprises a series of components covering direct mitigation and environmental monitoring, an outline waste management plan and a project site restoration plan. Therefore, environmental management plan has been prepared for each of the above developmental activities.

10.2 EMP during Construction Phase

Environmental pollution during construction stage will be limited and for a temporary period during the construction activity. Construction shall be planned in such a way that excavated material shall be disposed safely. The manpower required for these activities shall preferably be employed from nearby villages so that avenues of employment will be open to local people.

Directly or indirectly all the environmental components get affected due to the construction activity. The following environmental protection and enhancement measures are suggested for implementation by the contractor or the authority during the construction as applicable.

10.2.1 Air Environment

• The construction work will generate dust which will be controlled by periodical sprinkling of water during working period. • The site will be provided with adequate and suitable sanitary facilities to maintain proper standard of hygiene for construction workers. • The solid waste generated during construction activities will be sold back to supplier.

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• The hazardous material will be stored, handled & disposed of according to the guidelines of HWMR Rules 2016 and subsequent amendment. • Diesel and other fuels would be stored in separate earmarked area as per the said guidelines.

10.2.2 Noise Environment

• Complete construction work especially heavy work will be done during day time. • Vehicular movement carrying raw materials will be avoided during night time. • The vehicles will be regularly maintained and optimum use of the same will be made. • Adequate PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet, mask etc) will be provided to the workers. • PUC certified vehicles will be used.

10.2.3 Water Environment

• Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into ground where it could contaminate groundwater; • Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages • Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of hydrological features by diesel, grease, oil, etc. derived from the working area. • The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good operating condition; • Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle maintenance; • Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly. • Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all concrete structures will be covered with gunny bags this will conserves water • Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles stick to the access track to prevent mud & dirt being deposited on roads • Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments whilst allowing the water to flow through. • All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction activities will be cleaned. • Adopting good construction and engineering practices will help in mitigating the water pollution.

10.2.4 Land Environment

• Special care will be taken during deliveries of construction materials, especially when fuels and hazardous materials are being handled • The solid wastes such as paints, lubricants, oil or any other non-biodegradable wastes that have leachable constituents will be disposed to authorized recyclers. • A waste management plan shall be prepared or integrated with existing plan before the commissioning, implemented and monitored. In areas, where soil quality for natural vegetation is of critical concern, loosening of soil in such areas will be done to mitigate soil compaction caused due to operation of heavy machinery.

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10.2.5 Biological Environment

The region does not have dense vegetation and land use is dominated by agricultural and industrial activities. Following environmental management measures are recommended to mitigate adverse impacts on biological environment during construction phase:

• Native species will be preferred for plantation in addition to beautification plants/species.

10.2.6 Socio-economic Environment

Given that the project and related developments like construction camps will not be dependent on local resources (power, water), during both construction and operations, the only likely impact on infrastructure would be on the roads, during the construction phase. Considering the high traffic emanating during construction phase an effective traffic management scheme will be put in place to avoid congestion on the nearby and local roads. Local persons will get employment during Construction phase.

10.2.7 Health and Safety

• The movement of heavy equipment will be undertaken with proper precaution to prevent any accidents on the road. Occupational risk shall be minimized at the project site through implementation of a full proof safety system. Speed limit set for movement of vehicles with 20 km/hr on village roads to reduce risks of accidents or injuries. • Safety training shall be provided to all construction workers on operation of equipment. Security shall also be extended during non-working hours to ensure there is controlled access to the machinery and equipment. • The contractors shall also be vigilant to detect workers showing symptoms of communicable diseases. Health checkup of the contract labors shall be done/ recorded at times. All illness and incidents shall be reported and recorded.

10.3 EMP during Operation Phase

In order to mitigate the impacts due to the proposed project on various environmental components, the following environmental management measures are recommended:

10.3.1 Air Environment

The main source of Air pollution is Induction Furnace. The generated fumes from the Induction furnace will be collected by swiveling type hood at the top of crucible and passed through spark arrester and bag filter before disposing through chimney. Installed APC system comprises of Bag Filter, spark arrestor, ID Fan along with 40m high common chimney in each phase for disposal of clean gas are proposed. Figure 10.1 shows the Proposed Air pollution control system of the proposed plant

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Figure 10.1: Air Pollution Control System

The dust concentration level in the chimney will be periodically monitored and corrective steps will be taken, if the concentration is not as per the acceptable limits. The particulate concentration from the bag filters will remain within 50 mg/Nm3.

One bag Filter will be considered for two Induction Furnaces. So, there will be one common stack for two Induction Furnaces with a Bag filter in each phase.

Other than these the following steps will also be followed for management of air quality

• Ambient air quality with respect to PM, SO2, NOX, H2S, CO and HC monitoring shall be continued in the impact zone as per regulations • Raw material handling can cause dust generation at the point of storage and transportation. The fugitive dust can have adverse impact on air quality inside the plant and its immediate surroundings. This would be prevented by spraying water at storage yard area and inside roads • Ambient air quality monitoring in and around the premises will be carried out as per direction by West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB). • All the internal roads shall be asphalted to reduce the fugitive dust due to truck movement • Transportation vehicles, generators and machineries to be properly and timely maintained and serviced regularly to control the emission of air pollutants in order to maintain the emissions of NOX and SOX within the limits established by CPCB • Minimize idling time for vehicles and adequate parking provision and proper traffic arrangement for smooth traffic flow

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• Attenuation of pollution/ protection of receptor through strengthening of greenbelt/ green cover • PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust emission.

10.3.2 Noise Environment During normal operation of various plants, turbine, compressors, rolling mills, casting machines, blower, purging and blow downs, the ambient noise levels are expected to increase significantly with the attributes of the respective equipments. Normally the noise will be restricted to the close area of the respective equipments. The equipments will be designed based on the OSHA standards and noise close to these equipments seldom exceeds OSHA standards. Therefore all the equipments in the steel plants will be designed / operated in such a way that the noise level shall not exceed 85dBA as per the requirement of OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration).

• Provision of proper parking arrangement, traffic management plan for smooth flow of vehicles help to abate noise pollution due to vehicular traffic. • Green belts and landscaping shall act as noise buffer. In addition to the green belt development around the plant boundary, green belt around each installation will be taken up to attenuate propagation of noise level considerably • Ear plugs should be provided to the workers and it should be enforced to be used by the workers; • Increase the distance between source and receiver and by altering the relative orientation of the source and receiver. Noise level at the receiver end reduces in inverse proportion to the square of the distance between the receiver and the source; and • Provision of separate cabins for workers/operators

10.3.3 Water Environment

• There will not be any process waste water (or) cooling water blow down from the SMS as closed circuit cooling system will be adopted. Closed circuit cooling system will be adopted in cooling of Billets and TMT Bars/Structural steel/MS Rounds/Strips. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling in the steel plant. Sanitary waste water (10 KLD) will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. • Provision of Storm water drainage system with adequate capacity, Proper maintenance of storm water drainage. • Rain water harvesting shall be promoted. Rainwater from the catchment area of the buildings and hardscape / paved area will be harvested and stored in the underground storage tank. Table 10.1 is showing the Rain water harvesting potential calculation

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Table 10.1: Rain Water harvesting potential calculation: Catchment Area in Rainfall Runoff Filter Total runoff generated area Sq. m. in m coefficient efficiency (cum/annum) Catchment Area 9307 1.2 0.85 90% 8543 Total 8543 The capacity of tank to be constructed for water harvesting may be taken 20% of annual rain water yield i.e. 20% of 8543m3 = 1708m3. Two rectangular underground tanks of equal size of 900m3 (15x15x4) are proposed to be constructed. Hence around 5kl (1713kl/342days) of harvested rain water can be utilized for 342 days of plant operation

10.3.4 Land Environment

• Greenbelt in and around the facility will be strengthened/maintained • A record w.r.t quantity, quality and treatment/management of solid/hazardous waste shall be continued to be maintained at environmental monitoring cell.

10.3.5 Solid/Hazardous Waste Management

• The municipal solid waste will be disposed off as per MSW rules. • The hazardous waste generated will be sold to WBPCB authorized recyclers. • The details of solid waste generated is given in the following:

Non-Hazardous waste

Particulars Waste Quantity in TPA Treatment/ disposal Type of Waste Total Quantity Municipal Solid Wet Garbage 17 To be disposed off as Waste (Kg/ day) Dry Garbage 25 per MSW rules

Hazardous waste

Waste Quantity in TPA Treatment/ disposal Particulars Type of Total Waste Quantity Solid Will be disposed for land filling or road Waste Slag 42000 construction. Rest will be sold to (TPD) authorized recycler Will be used as raw material of Billet Scrap 4700 production Dust from To be sold to authorized vendor for 840 APC devices production of fly ash bricks

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10.3.6 Biological Environment

Development of green belt with carefully selected plant species is of prime importance due to their capacity to reduce noise and air pollution impacts by attenuation/assimilation and for providing food and habitat for local micro fauna.

➢ Green Belt Development

Total area of the proposed Project site is 6.16 acres. In 33.77% of land i.e., 2.08 Acre (0.84 Hector or 8417.46 sqm.) will be proposed for greenbelt development. The plantation will be done in three rows along the earmarked area as per the suggested scheme given in Figure 10.2. The plantation will comprise shed trees, big trees & lawn trees and it will be based from detailed soil analysis report. Considering 1500 trees per hector, around 1260 plants will be planted. List of big trees for proposed plantation is mentioned in Table 10.2

Table 10.2: List of big trees for proposed plantation S. Common name Scientific name Family No. 1 Aam Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae 2 Akashmoni Acacia moniliformis Mimosaceae 3 Arjun, Arjuna Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae 4 Ashwatha Ficus religiosa Moraceae 5 Bot Ficus benghalensis Moraceae 6 Chatim Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae 7 Debdaru Polyalthia longifolia Anonaceae 8 Ghoranim Melia azedarch Meliaceae 9 Jhaun Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarinaceae 10 Krishnachura Caesalpinia pulcherrima Caesalpinaceae 11 Nim Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 12 Radhachura Delonix regia Caesalpinaceae 13 Tantul, Tentuli Tamarindus indica Caesal pinaceae

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Figure 10.2: Green Belt development Plan

10.3.7 Socio-economic Environment

In order to mitigate the impacts likely to arise out of the proposed project and also to maintain good will of local people, steps will be taken for improving the social environment. Necessary social welfare measures by the industry shall be undertaken in gaining public confidence and to meet local area development requirement. The following measures are suggested: • Amiya Steel Pvt. Ltd. shall continue to undertake social welfare programs for the betterment of the Quality of Life of villages around in collaboration with the local bodies. • Some basic amenities, viz. education, safe drinking water supply to the nearby villages may be taken up. • Regular medical checkup shall be continued at times in the villages around the facility • Focus shall be on to educate villagers regarding safety measure provided in the plant.

10.4 Budgetary Allocation for Environmental Protection Measures

An initial budget of Rs.24.0 Lacs to be made on the following heads as included in the project cost in the proposed project. The recurring cost is estimated to be around Rs. 4.5 lakhs per annum.

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Table 10.3: Cost of Environmental Protection Measures Capital Cost Recurring Cost in Particulars S.No. lacs lacs 1. Air Pollution Control equipments 14.0 1.0 2 Rain water harvesting system 2.0 0.25 2. Water sanitation and septic tank 1.0 0.25 3. Plantation 1.0 0.25 4. Miscellaneous safety including 0.5 0.25 fire fighting purpose 5 Environmental Monitoring & 5.5 2.5 Managemen Total 24 4.5

10.5 CER and Socio-Economic Development

The total estimated cost of the project is 30.88 Crores. The project Proponent will allot 2% of the project cost i.e. around 68 Lacs towards the CER activity

The proposed CER activities are shown in Table 10.4, although the heads can be changed on the basis of local demand analysis at the time of Public Hearing

Table 10.4: Year wise proposed CSR Activities by Amiya Steel Pvt Ltd AMOUNT Sl PROPOSED PROGRAMME (RS. IN LACS) No. 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year Total 1 Financial Aid to Village 3 3 3 3 3 15 Schools including providing books, other materials through local body 2 Free Health Camp & Supply of 2 2 2 2 2 10 Medicine to villagers 3 Social infrastructure 3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 13 development 4 Green Belt Development in 2 3 2 2 2 11 near by villages in consultation with local authorities 5 Street Solar Lighting in nearby 4 4 4 4 3 19 areas Total 14 14.5 13.5 13.5 12.5 68

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10.6 Environmental Management Cell

It is necessary to have a permanent organizational set-up charged with the task of ensuring effective implementation of all identified mitigation measures. Conscious of this, an Environment Management Cell will be earmarked for monitoring of pollutants and development of greenbelt as per Environmental Management Plan. The Project proponent will develop the environment cell, consisting of officers from various disciplines to coordinate the activities concerned with the management and implementation of the environmental control measures during construction and operation phase of the plant. They will also develop a well-documented system to monitor and control pollution. Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will meet at least once a month to assess the progress and analyse the data collected for the month. Any deviation/variation noticed shall be immediately taken into consideration for improvement of the same. Yearly action plan of EMP will be updated with respect to results achieved and proposed activities for next year. The organization and responsibility of the Environmental Management Cell (EMC) is presented below in Figure 10.3.

Managing Director

General Manager

Sr. Manager - HSE

Plant in-charge Lab. In-charge

Figure 10.3: Environment Management Cell

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CHAPTER 11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

11.1 Consultants Engaged

This EIA report is prepared on behalf of the proponents, taking inputs from proponent’s office staff, their R and D wing, Architects, Project Management Professionals etc. by Environmental Consultants M/s. Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy and Laboratory, Thane.

M/s Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy and Laboratory:

Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy and Laboratory [Lab Gazetted by MoEF – Govt. of India] not only give environmental solutions for sustainable development, but make sure that they are economically feasible. With innovative ideas and impact mitigation measures offered, make them distinguished in environmental consulting business. The completion of tasks in record time is the key feature of Ultra-Tech. A team of more than hundred environmental brigadiers consists of engineers, experts, ecologists, hydrologists, geologists, socio-economic experts, solid waste and hazard waste experts apart from environmental media sampling and monitoring experts and management experts , strive hard to serve the clients with up to mark and best services.

Ultra-Tech offers environmental consultancy services to assist its clients to obtain environmental clearance for their large buildings, construction, CRZ, SEZ, high rise buildings, township projects and industries covering sugar and distilleries from respective authorities.

Ultra-Tech also provide STP/ETP/WTP project consultancy on turn-key basis apart from Operation and Maintenance of these projects on annual contract basis. Also, having MoEF approved environmental laboratory, Ultra-Tech provide laboratory services for monitoring and analysis of various environmental media like air, water, waste water, stack, noise and meteorological data to its clients all over India and abroad.

The EIA team involved for the proposed EIA Report is as mentioned in Table 11.1.

Table 11.1: EIA Team SN Name of the expert Area of functional Expert (NABET Accredited) 2 Mr. Partha Sarathi Mukherjee EIA Coordinator 3 Mr. Shekhar Manohar Air Pollution Tamhane 4 Mr. Shekhar Manohar Water Pollution Tamhane 5 Mrs. Deepa Tamhane (Karnik) Solid Hazardous Waste 6 Mrs. Padmini Sindhey Ecology and Biodiversity 7 Mr. Yogesh Raskar Socio Economic and Land Use 8 Mr. Debasish Sengupta Team Member 9 Mrs. Pamela Chowdhury Team Member

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Functional area experts and assistance to FAE involved in the EIA study for “M/s.Amiya Steel Private Limited” is as shown in Table 11.2:

Table 11.2: EIA Coordinator and Functional Area Experts Involved in the EIA Name Of Name Of S.N Name Of Name Of Functional Area Experts Involved Client EIA Signature . Sector Project Coordinator FA Name/s Signature

1. Schedule Proposed M/s.Amiya Mr. Partha AP Mr.Shekhar 3 (a) set up ofSteel Pvt.Sarathi Manohar Category Induction Ltd. Mukherjee Tamhane ‘B’ Furnace, WP Mr.Shekhar Rolling Manohar Mill Plant Tamhane & Wire EB Rod Mill Mrs. for Padmini manufactu Shinde ring of SE Mr. Yogesh billets, Raskar TMT Bars SHW Mrs. Deepa & wire Tamhane rods of (Karnik) M/s LU Amiya Mr. Yogesh Steel Raskar Private

Limited - RH Unit II at Ms. Ashwini Village Ganvir Tarapur, Chuaberia, Mr. Mejia, Debasish District – Sengupta Team Bankura, Members West Mrs. Bengal. Pamela Chowdhury

11.2 Laboratory for Analysis

ACCREDITATION NAME OF LABORATORY SCOPE OF SERVICES STATUS Monitoring and Analysis of: • Ambient Air Monitoring M/s. Ultra-Tech Environmental • Ground Water(Analysis) Consultancy and Laboratory, Accredited by NABL • Surface Water (Analysis) Thane • Soil quality (Analysis) • Noise monitoring

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