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NMHS Progress Report (Period from April 2019 to January, 2020) 1. Project Information Project ID: GBPNI/NMHS-2017-18/MG-12/ Sanction Date: 26-02-2018 Date: Project Title: Entrepreneurship development among tribal men and women through scientific beekeeping in district Rajouri (J&K) BTG: Livelihood options & Employment Generation PI and Dr. Sajad Hussain Parey, Department of Zoology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah Affiliation University, Rajouri (J&K) (Institution): Name & Dr. Ali Asgher Shah Address of the Department of Zoology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri (J&K) Co-PI, if any: Structured Background Abstract - During second year (2019-2020) of the project one National Seminar, three detailing the workshops, one training programme and many research activities were carried out. current year The progress work can be divided into two subheadings i.e. Extension work and progress [Word Research work. Limit 250 words]: Extension work: In second year (2019-2020), twelve outreach programmes, two workshops, one training programme and one national level seminar were organised. After proper handling training of honeybee hives, thirty tribal people were selected for distribution of fifty number of honeybee colonies.The beekeepers showed a progressive good honey yield per hive and this progression could be increased by increasing the number of hives. In addition the “Apiary” established within University campus was considered as one of the “Best Practice of the University” during National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) visit to University from 2-4 December, 2019. (Annexure III-IV). The first food product of the University was launched in the form of “BGSBU NMHS 2020 NMHS-Annual Progress Report (APR) Pro Forma Page 1 of 49 Forest Honey” with FSSAI License no. 210193116000560. One linkage has been established with HoneyDay Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore for start of Bee Cluster in district Rajouri for which every trained Beekeeper shall be provided with ten Honeybee Colonies. Research Work Diversity of indigenous pollinators As honey bee act as good pollinators on different crops, study was carried out to study other indigenous insect pollinators of the region that are providing the pollination services for different crops. The study revealed a total of twenty four species of insect pollinators from the collection sites falling in three orders, thirteen families and twenty one genera. Among Hymenoptera nine species were identified falling under eight genera. These species include Bombus trifasciatus, Xylocopa fenestrate, Apis cerana, A. dorsata, Vespa velutina, Lasioglossum himalayanse, Megachile routandata, Andrena flavicps, and Ceratina propinquity. Among Lepidoptera thirteen species were identified in nine genera. These include Pieris rapae, Pieris canadia, Catopsilia pomona, Papilio menetries, Papilio maackii, Catopsilia pyranthe, Colias electo, Fieldii menectrioes, Colias romanali, Ypthima sacra, Neptis suma, and Heliophorus sena. Among Dipterans two species were identified in two genera. These include Calliphora vicina; Sarcophaga sp. Foraging activities of different insect pollinators The maximum no. of flowers visited per minute was highest in case of Pieris rapae (10 flowers per minute) followed by Xylocopa fenstrata (7 flowers per minute), Apis mellifera (6 flowers per minute) Apis cerana (5 flowers perminute), Syritta pipens (6 flowers per minute). Similarly, the mean time spent / flower / minute was lowest in case of Pieris rapae (5 seconds per minute) followed by Apis cerana which was recorded to be (9 seconds per minute), Apis mellifera, Xylocopa fenstrata, Syrritta pipens (10 seconds per minute respectively), Bombus trifasciatus (20 seconds per minute). Foraging activity (Emergence, peak and cessation time) of different insect pollinators The early initiation time was first observed in case of Apis cerana (7:17±0.03), followed by Xylocopa fenestrate (7:20±0.002), Apis mellifera (8:13±0.005),Lassioglossum himalayanse (8:13±0.005), Andrena flaviups (8:13±0.005),Apis dorsata (9:11±0.004), Vespa velutina (9:15±0.04).The peak time for Apis cerana was observed to be(12:00-13:15), followed by Xylocopa fenestrate (11:30-12:30),Apis mellifera (14:00-15:00), Lassioglossum himalayanse (11:00-12:30),Andrena flaviups (11:00-12:30),Apis dorsata (12:00-14:00),Vespa velutina (10:00-12:30). Similarly the early cessation was found in case of Lassioglossum himalayanse (16:11±0.004), followed by the Andrena flaviups & Xylocopa fenestrate (16:19±0.019), Vespa velutina (17:10±0.005), Apis NMHS 2020 NMHS-Annual Progress Report (APR) Pro Forma Page 2 of 49 mellifera(17:20±0.002), Apis dorsata (18:13±0.005), Apis cerana (18:19±0.019). Dominance Index of Insect Pollinators The highest dominance index was observed in case of the insect order Hymenoptera followed by Lepidoptera and Diptera. Winter packing of honeybee colonies The results on winter packing revealed the maximum amount of brood improvement in case of hives packed with foam material compared with the non- foam hives. ACTION TAKEN REPORT ON MLE MEETING HELD ON FEBRUARY 4-7, 2019 MLE Panel advise 1: Compare the performance of 2 Bee species viz. Apis mellifera & Apis cerana & submit the periodic progress report. Action taken: Detailed work done is given in table IV & V MLE Panel advise 2: Need to disseminate the technique about winter packing used to check bee migration. Action taken: Detailed work is given in table VII and Plate V MLE Panel advise 3: The panel asked to requesting NMHS-PMU for allow him to provide only 70 Bee stands in lieu of proposed 100 stands Action taken: The follow up action is to be taken by NMHS-PMU. MLE Panel Advise 4: Consult Dr. Varma & Dr. Uma Partap who have done good work on the subject or field. Action taken: After giving many email reminders and Phone conversations with Dr. Uma Partap for the possible inputs of the project she couldn’t put her inputs because of her ailing health issues (Annexure-I). The complete address of another expert Dr. Verma as recommended by MLE Committee was not found anywhere. MLE Panel advise 5: Project Physical progress is slow along with financial progress only 47% of the fund utilized: Action taken: The funds of 85 percent of the project funds have been utilized in the FY 2018-19 & the UC of the same have been submitted to NMHS-Almora for information &processing. Objectives/ Aim: Providing training to unemployed youth, tribal people, farmers, beekeepers and financially backward people for technology transfer, employment generation and increase the income of those people Providing guidance to Beekeepers about production of bee products Crop pollination through beekeeping; Breeding & multiplication of honeybee colon. NMHS 2020 NMHS-Annual Progress Report (APR) Pro Forma Page 3 of 49 Methodology The tribal people who attended the training programmes, workshops and outreach programmes were selected and given honeybee colony stands free of cost for successful start of Apiculture as a livelihood option for income generation. For studying the different indigenous insect pollinators, the pollinators were collected through insect collection net with telescopic handle consisting of strong wire ring. The net was moved slowly until in the range, position of the net under the insect, then swing the upward and turn the handle so that the net flips over and the captured insects cannot escape. Insect pollinators were simply killed by one of the easiest way by using killing jar. It was prepared by placing one to two inch layer of absorbent material (Plaster of paris) on the bottom of the jar, some amount of ethyl acetate were added and allowed it to soak in. Blotters were placed over the absorbent material, and were sealed. Lower half of the jars were wrapped, with masking tape to prolong the potency of the killing jar by protecting it from sunlight. Captured pollinators were placed in killing jar for some time until they die. The specimens were identified with the help of available literature (Michener 1974; Bingham 1905-1907). Species were also identified with the help of experts like Prof. M. S. Saini (Professor Emeritus Punjabi University Patiala), Dr. Rifat H. Raina (Scientist-D, Zoological Survey of India). The collected and identified insect pollinators have been deposited in the Museum of Department of Zoology, BGSBU Rajouri as a reference material. The reading on foraging activity were carried out during three times in a day i.e. Morning, Afternoon and Evening time) with the help of stop watch. Approach: For analysis of data two types of approaches were used i.e. direct approaches with the help of taxonomic methods and second through statistical analysis. Results: The outreach programmes, trainings, workshops resulted in the production of thirty skilled beekeepers among which fifty Honey Bee Hive stands were provided (Table I-II, Plate-I). The first product in the form of “BGSBU Forest Honey” with FSSAI Lic no 210193116000560 have been launched under the project (Plate III-IV). Scientific Beekeeping was considered as one of the BEST Practice of the University during National Assessment and Accreditation Counsel (NAAC) visit to the University during 2-4 December, 2019. (Annexure III-IV). Twenty four species of insect pollinators have been identified which belong to three main insect orders Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera (Table III; Plate II- VIII).The foraging activities of different insect pollinators revealed Pieris rapae visits maximum number of flowers (10 flowers per minute) followed by Xylocopa fenstrata
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  • Record of Butterflies from High Altitude Cold Desert, Suru Valley of Kargil (Jammu and Kashmir) J.S

    Record of Butterflies from High Altitude Cold Desert, Suru Valley of Kargil (Jammu and Kashmir) J.S

    International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies (IJIMS), 2016, Vol 3, No.4,68-74. 68 Available online at http://www.ijims.com ISSN: 2348 – 0343 Record of butterflies from high altitude cold desert, Suru valley of Kargil (Jammu and Kashmir) J.S. Tara and Zakir Hussain* Department of Zoology, University of Jammu , Jammu (Tawi), J and K *Corresponding author: J.S. Tara Abstract Suru valley of district Kargil in Ladakh region also referred as the high altitude cold desert was surveyed during the year 2015-16 to record the insect fauna of the order Lepidoptera. A detailed field study of some prevalent butterflies of the study area is presented. The study revealed 8 species of butterflies belonging to 6 genera of family Pieridae and Nymphalidae It is the third largest insect order which include moths and the butterflies. Keywords: Ladakh, Suru valley, Lepidoptera. Introduction Suru valley of district Kargil lies at an altitude 2,600 - 5,000 metres in Ladakh region of the J & K. The valley is drained by the Suru river, a powerful tributary of Sind river in Ladakh which originates from the Penzilla glacier. The beauty of this valley is further added by two gigantic peaks of spectacular Nun (7,135m) and Kun (7,932m) which loom over the skyline. It extends from Kargil town towards the south wards for a length of about 75 kms upto the expanse around Panikhar and eastward for another stretch of nearly 65 kms upto the foot of Penzilla. The hills of Suru valley are cultivated intensively than anywhere else in Kargil.