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La Piana Fiorentina, Potenzialità E Progetti Per Il Futuro

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La Piana Fiorentina, Potenzialità E Progetti Per Il Futuro Corso di Laurea magistrale (ordinamento ex D.M. 270/2004) in Sviluppo interculturale dei sistemi turistici Tesi di Laurea La piana fiorentina, potenzialità e progetti per il futuro Relatore Prof. Francesco Vallerani Correlatore Prof. Carlo Giupponi Laureando Elisa Bellini Matricola 855618 Anno Accademico 2015 / 2016 Ringraziamenti Ringrazio innanzitutto la mia famiglia, che mi ha sempre sostenuta ed appoggiata nelle mie scelte e desideri, standomi costantemente accanto. Lorenzo, punto fermo ed ancora, pronto ogni volta ad aiutarmi ed a camminare insieme. Gli amici di una vita, sempre disponibili ad accogliermi ad ogni mio ritorno a casa e con i quali condivido ogni esperienza. Alle amicizie che ho instaurato durante gli anni di università, con le quali non ho spartito solo stress e studio, ma veri momenti di vita di quotidiana ricchi di emozioni ed avventure. Agli amici dell’Erasmus, che nonostante abbia condiviso con loro solo 5 mesi, sono diventati una vera e propria familia madrileña. A tutti coloro che mi hanno aiutato a portare a termine il mio progetto di tesi, con il loro contributo e saggezza. 1 2 Indice Indice delle figure……………………………………………………………………. pag.5 Abstract………………………………………………………………………………..pag.9 Introduzione………………………………………………………………………….pag.11 Capitolo 1: Individuazione del luogo e peculiarità geo-storiche……………………...pag.13 1.1 Ombrone: caratteri geostorici…………………………………………….pag.15 1.1.1 Il contesto idrografico………………………………………………pag.16 1.1.2 Biodiversità…………………………………………………………pag.18 1.1.3 Cenni storici………………………………………………………...pag.19 1.1.4 Le antiche ville sull’Ombrone pistoiese………………………….....pag.20 1.1.5 Storia di ponti ed antichi opifici……………………………………..pag.23 1.2 Bisenzio: caratteri geostorici……………….…………………………….pag.26 1.2.1 Il contesto idrografico……………………………………………....pag.27 1.2.2 Biodiversità…………………………………………………………pag.28 1.2.3 Flora e colori del Bisenzio…………………………………………..pag.30 1.2.4 Cenni storici………………………………………………………...pag.31 1.2.5 I castelli sul Bisenzio………………………………………………..pag.33 1.2.6 Storia di antichi ponti e guadi……………………………………….pag.36 1.3 Arno: caratteri geostorici………………………………………………....pag.38 1.3.1 Il contesto idrografico………………………………………………pag.39 1.3.2 Biodiversità…………………………………………………………pag.40 1.3.3 Cenni storici………………………………………………………...pag.41 1.3.4 Le attività di un fiume vivo………………………………………….pag.45 1.3.5 Antichi ponti, ville e palazzi………………………………………...pag.50 Capitolo 2: Pratiche turistico- ricreative esistenti in loco…………………………….pag.53 2.1 Città di Pistoia…………………………………………………………....pag.53 2.1.1 Turismo alternativo alla scoperta dell’Appennino Pistoiese………...pag.56 2.1.2 Trekking urbano…………………………………………………….pag.59 2.2 Città di Prato……………………………………………………………...pag.60 2.2.1 Prato città del tessuto………………………………………………..pag.64 2.2.2 Turismo responsabile: trekking e speologia alla scoperta delle sorgenti del Bisenzio e dei rilievi montuosi della Calvana……………………………..pag.66 2.2.3 Villa Medicea di Poggio a Caiano e le Cascine di Tavola…………...pag.70 2.3 Città di Firenze…………………………………………………………...pag.74 2.3.1 Firenze e le escursioni sul territorio………………………………....pag.77 2.3.2 Attività complementari al turismo culturale: tra parco avventura e canottaggio lungo l’Arno………………………………………………....pag.79 3 2.4 Strutture ricettive presenti……………………………………………..…pag.82 2.5 Ristorazione e turismo enogastronomico della piana fiorentina………….pag.83 2.6 Iniziative culturali dei luoghi……………………………………………..pag.86 2.6.1 La Giostra dell’Orso ed il Pistoia Blues, antico e moderno a confronto………………………………………………………………….pag.86 2.6.2 L’Assalto alla Villa………………………………………………....pag.87 2.6.3 Il corteggio storico e la Pallagrossa…………………………………pag.88 2.6.4 Il calcio storico fiorentino e lo scoppio del carro…………………....pag.90 Capitolo 3: Le potenzialità, i progetti ed i collegamenti della Piana fiorentina. Turismo naturalistico e zone green da valorizzare e proteggere………………………………pag.93 3.1 Turismo green: luoghi da proteggere e valorizzare……………………….pag.93 3.1.1 Parco agricolo della Piana e gli “Stagni della piana fiorentina e pratese”…………………………………………………………………...pag.94 3.1.1.1 Val di Rose…………………………………………………..pag.97 3.1.1.2 Stagni di Focognano………………………………………...pag.99 3.1.1.3 Podere la Querciola………………………………………...pag.100 3.1.1.4 Parco dei Renai…………………………………………….pag.102 3.2 Collegamenti con le principali città……………………………………..pag.104 3.3 Consapevolezza degli abitanti…………………………………………..pag.105 Capitolo 4: Sistema turistico della piana fiorentina………………………………....pag.109 4.1 Il Progetto……………………………………………………………….pag.109 4.2 Riqualificazione dei tre fiumi…………………………………………...pag.110 4.3 Forme di Mobilità alternativa…………………………………………...pag.118 4.4 Gli itinerari tematici…………………………………………………….pag.121 4.5 Convenzioni con hotel e treno…………………………………………..pag.127 Conclusione………………………………………………………………………...pag.129 Bibliografia…………………………………………………………………………pag.133 Sitografia…………………………………………………………………………...pag.139 4 Indice figure: Figura 1: Immagine dell’antico lago che ricopriva la piana fiorentina, tratta dal libro ..... 13 Figura 2: Mappa bacino idrografico torrente Ombrone. Immagine d’autore. ................... 15 Figura 3: Tratto del Torrente Ombrone pistoiese presso la Villa di Poggio a Caiano, immagine tratta dal sito web www.tuttotoscana.net .......................................................... 16 Figura 4: Villa La Magia, immagine tratta dal sito web www.villalamagia.com .............. 21 Figura 5: Villa Castelletti, immagine tratta dal sito web www.riello.it ............................. 22 Figura 6: Cartolina storica di uno dei viadotti ferroviari della Porrettana, nei pressi di San Mommè, e del primo ponte sul torrente Ombrone. ............................................................ 24 Figura 7: Veduta storica ed odierna del Ponte Leopoldo II, presso le Cascine di Tavola, Prato. L’immagine di sinistra è tratta dal sito web www.provinciadiprato.wordpress.com, quella di destra è una foto d’autore. ................................................................................... 25 Figura 8: Mappa bacino idrografico fiume Bisenzio. ........................................................ 26 Figura 9: Tratto del fiume Bisenzio, nei pressi del centro storico, dove scorre ai lati delle antiche mura medievale. Foto d’autore. ............................................................................. 27 Figura 10: Immagini storiche dei renaioli e dell’attività di pesca lungo il fiume Bisenzio, tratte dal libro ..................................................................................................................... 29 Figura 11: Immagini storiche delle lavandaie e della piscina estiva lungo il fiume Bisenzio, tratte dai libri: ..................................................................................................................... 30 Figura 12: Veduta della Rocca di Cerbaia, nell’alta Val Bisenzio, e del Castello dell'Imperatore, nel centro storico della città di Prato. Immagini prese dai siti web www.geosearch.it e www.comune.prato.it ........................................................................ 34 Figura 13: Veduta di Rocca Strozzi, a Campi Bisenzio, al lato del fiume Bisenzio. Foto reperita dal sito web www.comune.campi-bisenzio.fi.it.................................................... 35 Figura 14: Foto del ponte che collega la strada principale con la Rocca di Cerbaia e del ponte di Mercatale con una porzione di mura storiche. Immagini prese dai siti web www.tripadvisor.it e www.wikipedia.it. ............................................................................ 36 Figura 15: Mappa bacino idrografico fiume Arno, tratto sorgente (Monte Falterona) -Signa. Immagine d'autore. ............................................................................................................. 38 Figura 16: Veduta del fiume Arno nei pressi di Ponte Vecchio, centro storico di Firenze. Immagine tratta dal sito web www.milanonera.com ......................................................... 39 Figura 17: Navicello toscano recuperato e restaurato grazie al contributo dell’Ente Parco Migliarino, San Rossore, Massaciuccoli, immagine tratta dal sito web www.parcosanrossore.org .................................................................................................. 42 Figura 18: Navicello toscano, foto storica tratta dal libro: S. Grifoni, Lungo l'Arno, paesaggi, storia e culture. Dal Falterona fin là dove il tosco fiume ha foce, Firenze, Aska Edizioni, 2016 .................................................................................................................... 43 Figura 19: Motonave Fiorenza, che solca le acque del fiume Arno. Immagine storica tratta dal libro E. Alterino, L'arno: Florence yesterday, 1800-1900, Milano, LittleItaly, 2011 .. 45 Figura 20: Foto storica delle Trecciaiole lungo l'Arno, tratta dal libro: D. Breschi, Z. Ciuffoletti, S. Cordero di Montezemolo, G. Nigro, Prato e la Toscana nell’Ottocento, Prato, Alinari, 2005 ...................................................................................................................... 46 Figura 21: Antica foto dei renaioli sull'Arno, immagine tratta dal sito web www.toctocfirenze.it .......................................................................................................... 48 5 Figura 22: Foto storica dei Renaioli sull'Arno nei pressi di Ponte Vecchio, dove oggi ha sede l'Associazione culturale dei I Renaioli. Immagine tratta dalla raccolta privata di Marco Castaldi, membro dell'associazione. .................................................................................
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