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Taith Gerdded Treftadaeth Menywod: Aberystwyth Women's Heritage Walk

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Taith Gerdded Treftadaeth Menywod: Aberystwyth Women's Heritage Walk Taith Gerdded Treftadaeth Menywod: Aberystwyth Women’s Heritage Walk: Aberystwyth 0 Content / Cynnwys Starting point / man cychwyn: Queen’s Square, opposite town library. This is a flat straight walk on a hard surface along the promenade and through part of the town and should take 1-1½ hours. Man dechrau gyferbyn â llyfrgell y dref. Taith gerdded wastad, syth ar wyneb caled ar hyd y promenâd a rhan o’r dref ac a gymer tua 1-1½ awr yw hon. No / Women remembered / y Menywod a Landmark / Tirnod Rhif goffeir 1. Marguerite Jervis Sgwâr y Frenhines / Queen’s Square 2. Olive Gale Theatr y Coliseum Theatre, Amgueddfa Ceredigion Museum 3. Iris De Freitas Neuadd Alexandra Hall, Rhodfa Fuddug/Victoria Terrace 4. Lily Newton Neuadd Alexandra Hall, Rhodfa Fuddug/Victoria Terrace 5. Mabel Pakenham Walsh Y Prom / The Prom 6. Mary Emerson Thomas and Mary Marles Ysgol Glan Môr y De / Thomas (Adpar) South Beach School 7. Mari Gwendoline Ellis Maes Laura Place 8. Elizabeth Crebar Heol y Wig / Pier Street 9. Cranogwen (Sarah Jane Rees) Stryd y Ffynnon Haearn / Chalybeate Street 10. Iola Gregory Banc Nat West Bank. Gt Darkgate Street/y Stryd Fawr 1 Women’s Heritage Walks / Teithiau Cerdded Treftadaeth Menywod Welcome to Women’s Archive Wales’ Aberystwyth Women’s Heritage Walk. This booklet is one of a series designed to promote an understanding of women’s history in Wales. Women’s history has often been hidden, ignored or neglected. The aim of Women’s Archive Wales is to re-discover the women who have contributed so much to our history and to restore them to their rightful place. In this booklet we have chosen to focus on ten women or groups of women whose stories can be told while walking along this specific route. It is an eclectic mix of women from all classes and backgrounds. Enjoy! Croeso i Daith Gerdded Treftadaeth Menywod Aberystwyth Archif Menywod Cymru. Mae’r llyfryn hwn yn un o gyfres a gynlluniwyd i hyrwyddo dealltwriaeth o hanes menywod yng Nghymru. Mae hanes menywod yn aml yn guddiedig, wedi’i anwybyddu neu’i esgeuluso. Nod Archif Menywod Cymru yw ail-ddarganfod y menywod hynny sydd wedi lliwio ein hanes ac adfer iddynt eu lle priodol ynddo. Ar gyfer y llyfryn hwn rydym wedi dewis hanesion deg o fenywod neu grwpiau o fenywod y gellir dweud eu hanes wrth gerdded y llwybr arbennig hwn. Ceir casgliad eclectig o fenywod o bob dosbarth a chefndir. Mwynhewch! This booklet can be downloaded from our website by anyone who wishes to interpret women’s history on this Aberystwyth Heritage walk. Gellir lawrlwytho’r llyfryn hwn o’n gwefan gan unrhyw un sy’n dymuno dehongli hanes menywod ar daith gerdded Treftadaeth Aberystwyth. www.womensarchivewales.org Authors / Awduron: Gwyneth Roberts, Catrin Edwards, Catrin Stevens, Mary Thorley, Kate Sullivan 2021 2 1: MARGUERITE JERVIS (1886 – 1964) Writer - Awdures The plaque on Queens Square House records that the writer Caradoc Evans lived there; it doesn’t mention his wife, Marguerite Jervis (aka Countess Barcynska, Oliver Sandys, Marguerite Florence Barclay and Olive Bree) who was a prolific romantic novelist from before WWI to the late 1940s as well as a screenwriter, actress and theatre company manager. From 1933-37 she ran ‘Rogues and Vagabonds’, a theatre company based at the Quarry Theatre in Aberystwyth, which toured widely in Ceredigion performing plays by popular dramatists of the time (Noel Coward, Emlyn Williams and Ivor Novello among them). She hoped to use a hall in Aberystwyth for performances, but one of the management committee was concerned that “repertory” meant “naughty plays”; in the end she acquired a garage at the back of the Queen’s Hotel and converted it into a theatre. Her husband Caradog directed the plays, she and her son – and her dog - sometimes acted in them. She was ready to subsidise the company from her earnings as a writer, but the performances usually broke even and sometimes made a profit. Marguerite said her work with the company was rewarded by “the gratitude of a play-starved, play-loving people”. Caradoc Evans yw’r gŵr enwog sydd â’i enw ar y plac ar dŷ ar Sgwâr y Frenhines. Does dim sôn am ei wraig, Marguerite Jervis (aka Countess Barcynska, Oliver Sandys, Marguerite Florence Barclay, Olive Bree), y nofelydd rhamantau. Ysgrifennai hi o ddechrau’r 20fed ganrif hyd ddiwedd y 1940au. Bu’n sgriptwraig ffilm, yn actor ac yn rheolydd cwmni theatr y Quarry yn y dref. Teithiai’r cwmni hwn ledled Ceredigion yn perfformio dramâu rhai o ddramodwyr enwog y cyfnod: yn eu plith Noel Coward, Emlyn Williams ac Ivor Novello. Roedd hi’n gobeithio defnyddio neuadd yn Aberystwyth i berfformio ynddi ond roedd aelod o’r pwyllgor yn amau bod ‘repertory’ yn golygu ‘dramâu di-chwaeth’. Sicrhaodd hi garej yng nghefn Gwesty’r Queens a’i throi’n theatr. Caradoc fyddai’n cyfarwyddo, a’i wraig a’i mab - ac weithiau eu ci - fyddai’n actio ynddynt. Roedd hi’n hapus i enillion ei nofelau ariannu’r fenter hon. Ond doedd dim eu hangen. Credai Marguerite fod gwaith ei chwmni theatr ar ei ennill oherwydd ‘the gratitude of a play-starved, play-loving people”. 3 2: OLIVE GALE (1888 – 1965) Menyw fusnes - Buisnesswoman The Coliseum Cinema and Theatre played an important part in the cultural and social life of the town. In 1932, the lease was taken by Harold and Olive Gale. After Harold’s death in 1935 Olive ran the Coliseum until her own death 30 years later, aged 77. In 1936 she received an award from Colombia Pictures for the publicity she organised for one of their films, The King Steps Out. The Coliseum was used for concerts and pantomimes as well as films, with the slogan ‘Amusement without Vulgarity’. It was open every day of the year except Sundays from 1932 to 1955, in which year it closed on Christmas Day as well. Usually films were shown for three days, although very popular ones were shown for a week. Mae Theatr a Sinema’r Coliseum yn rhan o Amgueddfa Ceredigion erbyn hyn ac wedi chwarae rhan bwysig ym mywyd diwylliannol a chymdeithasol y dref. Yn 1932, cymerodd Harold ac Olive Gale brydles yr adeilad. Wedi marw Harold yn 1935, Olive fu’n gofalu am y Coliseum am dros 30 mlynedd nes ei marwolaeth hithau yn 77 oed. Yn 1936, enillodd wobr Colombia Pictures am yr hysbysrwydd a drefnodd am un o’i ffilmiau, The King Steps Out. Yn y Coliseum, cynhelid cyngherddau a phantomeimiau yn ogystal â dangos ffilmiau. Ei slogan oedd ‘Amusement without Vulgarity’. Rhwng 1932 a 1955 roedd ar agor bob dydd o’r flwyddyn heblaw ar y Suliau. Caeodd ar Ddydd Nadolig yn 1955 hefyd. Byddai’r ffilmiau’n cael eu dangos am dri diwrnod ar y tro, a’r rhai poblogaidd am wythnos gyfan. 4 3: IRIS DE FREITAS (1896-1989) Lawyer - Cyfreithwraig . Alexandra Hall, at the north end of the prom, was a hall of residence for women students in Aberystwyth from 1890 – 1986. One of its most notable students was Iris de Freitas, who studied at the University from 1919 to 1927, gaining first a BA and then a Bachelor of Law degree. She returned to British Guiana to practise law, becoming the first female barrister and the first woman prosecutor in a murder trial, in the whole of the Caribbean, the first woman of colour to achieve these distinctions. Her career in British Guiana made her a pioneer for women with ambitions to enter the exclusively male legal profession. When she died in 1989 she was described as someone who “blazed the trail for women lawyers in the Caribbean”. Un o fyfyrwyr nodedig Neuadd Alecsandra, ar ben gogleddol y prom, fu yma’n astudio rhwng 1919 ac 1927, oedd Iris de Freitas o British Guiana. Enillodd ddwy radd - BA ac LlB. Dychwelodd adre i ymarfer y gyfraith a daeth yn fargyfreithwraig gyntaf y wlad honno a’r ddynes gyntaf i erlyn achos o lofruddiaeth – y gyntaf yn y Caribî yn gyfan gwbl – a’r ddynes ddu gyntaf i gyrraedd yr uchelfannau hyn. Yn British Guiana, paratodd y ffordd i fenywod uchelgeisiol gyrraedd proffesiwn a berthynai cyn hynny i ddynion yn unig. Pan fu farw yn 1989 disgrifiwyd hi yn un a oedd wedi “blazed the trail for woman lawyers in the Caribbean”. 5 4. LILY NEWTON (1893 – 1981) Scientist and teacher – Gwyddonydd ac athrawes Lily Newton is sitting in the middle of the second row wearing a corsage Mae Lily Newton yn eistedd yng nghanol yr ail res yn gwisgo tusw o flodau Lily Newton had one of the most successful academic careers of any woman at the University in the first half of the 20th century. Originally from Somerset, she came to Aberystwyth as a lecturer in Botany, later becoming the first female professor then the first female Vice-Principal. Her Handbook of British Seaweeds (1933) remained the standard book on the subject for fifty years. She also analysed and helped to rectify the pollution of the River Rheidol, which had been badly affected by lead and zinc mining in the nineteenth century. Cafodd Lily Newton un o yrfaoedd academaidd mwyaf llwyddiannus menywod yn y Brifysgol yn hanner cyntaf yr ugeinfed ganrif. Yn wreiddiol o Wlad yr Haf, daeth i Aberystwyth yn ddarlithydd Botaneg. Yn ddiweddarach, daeth yn Athro benywaidd cyntaf ac yn Is-brifathro benywaidd cyntaf Coleg Prifysgol Cymru Aberystwyth. Parhaodd ei Handbook of British Seaweeds (1933) yn destun safonol y pwnc am hanner can mlynedd. Dadansoddodd Lily lygredd yr Afon Rheidol yn dilyn mwyngloddio plwm a sinc y 19eg ganrif a helpodd i’w glirio.
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