120 Editorial Ridinilazole—a novel antibiotic for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection Niels Steinebrunner, Wolfgang Stremmel, Karl H. Weiss Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Correspondence to: Prof. Karl Heinz Weiss, MD. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. Email:
[email protected]. Provenance: This is an invited Editorial commissioned by Section Editor Dr. Ming Zhong (Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China). Comment on: Vickers RJ, Tillotson GS, Nathan R, et al. Efficacy and safety of ridinilazole compared with vancomycin for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, non-inferiority study. Lancet Infect Dis 2017;17:735-44. Submitted Dec 04, 2017. Accepted for publication Dec 18, 2017. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.12.117 View this article at: http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.12.117 Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection has become a major completing initial therapy. Risk factors for recurrence of health problem worldwide and is considered to be one of CDI include gastric acid suppression by proton pump the most common hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections inhibitor therapy, gastrointestinal tract surgery, underlying with increasing incidence and severity (1). In Germany, immunosuppression (malignancy, cirrhosis, chemotherapy, the number of C. difficile infections (CDI) increased from immunosuppressive therapy), as well as older age 7 to 39 reported cases per 100,000 hospitalized patients (>65 years) of affected patients (6-11). Recurrent infections between 2000 and 2004, with yet another doubling of are associated with an increased risk of further episodes of numbers between 2004 and 2006 (2).