DOCSLIB.ORG

The Ground Squirrels of Colorado

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Ground Squirrels of Colorado CIRCULAR 44 NoVEMBER, 1924 THE GROUND SQUIRRELS OF COLORADO BY w. L. BURNETT OFFICE OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST COLORADO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE FORT COLLINS, COLORADO OFFICIAL STAFF C. P. GILLETTE. ............. ------------------------------·------·-·---------------------------------------State Entomologist GEORGE M. LIST ........................ __________________ ------------···············-----·-··-·--···---·······--···--·-··Chief Deputy R. G. RICHMOND ................................. __________ Deputy in Charge Apiary Inspection WILLIAM L. BuRNETT ..................................... Deputy in Charge Rodent Control J. H. NEWTON ................................. Deputy in Charge Alfalfa Weevil Control W. L. MAY • ............................................................... Deputy in Charge Weed Control WM. P. YETTER, JR ................................................................................................................ Deputy GEORGE ::;. LANGFORD ................................................................... ------··········--··········--············Deputy E. RoBERTS ········································--·········-·······················································-······························Clerk • Deceased THE GROUND SQUIRRELS OF COLORADO BY W. L. BuRNETT Ground squirrels belong to the rodent family Sciuridae. Other members of this family are tree squirrels, chipmunks, prairie dogs and woodchucks. Colorado ground squirrels are divided into four genera, Citellus, with five members; Callospermophilus, two; Ammospermophilus, one, and Otospermophilus, one. On account of the economic importance of this group of mammals to the State, it is necessary that we have as full a knowledge of the habits of its members as possible, for without this knowledge, we are unable to suggest the best methods for its control or to. distinguish the differences between the injurious and the beneficial ones. The object of this circular is to acquaint the general public with the different species of ground squirrels that occur in the State, that they may have a better understanding of the problems they have to contend with, from time to time, in ground~squirrel control. Ground squirrels feed extensively on injurious weed seeds and, som.e forms, on insects. During the past few years, from all parts of the country, the cry has gone up to exterminate this, and exterminate that, from predacious mammals to certain birds and rodents. The word '' exter:tninate'' is being used in a reckless and malicious· manner. It is true that it may become necessary to reduce to a minimum certain forms of animal life for crop and livestock protection, but we should stop far short of extermination, and use control measures only when necessary. Outside of the Wyoming ground squirrel, the· problem of squirrel injury and control is purely a local one. The other species do very little damage to crops, with the exception of the striped ground squirrel in eastern Colorado, which destroys ·newly planted corn,. but, in all sections of the State, its food consists largely of weed seeds, grasshoppers and insect pests. In 1920 we issued Circular No. 30 as Part 1, ''A Contribution to the Lif.e History of the Wyoming Ground Squirrel in Colorado.'' In place of issuing Part 2, we have deemed it advisable to publish what additional information we have on this squirrel in this circular, and in­ corporate several paragraphs from Circular 30. We have also added three or four paragraphs on the striped ground squirrel from Circular No. 14, issued from this office in October, 1914. In 1910 Warren published his "Mammals of Colorado. n In 1911 the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Biological Sur­ vey, published N. A. Fauna No. 33, ''A Biological Survey of Colo­ rado," by Oary. In the preparation of this circular, both these pub­ lications have been freely consulted and when the name of either Warren or Cary is used in the text, it refers to these respective publi:. cations. 4 GRouND SQuiRRELs oF CoLORADO ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wishes· to offer the following acknowledgments : To Dr. C. P. Gillette, State Entomologist, under whose directions and guidance he has worked; to Mr. C. L. Corkins, former Deputy State Entomologist, and Mr. S. C. McCampbell a vocational student, he is especially indebted for assistance in field work. \VYOMING GROUND SQUIRREL C'itellus elegans (Kennicott) DESCRIPTION-From Warren's "Mammals of Colorado." "(From a speci­ men taken in Coyote Basin, Routt County, July, 2d.) Upper parts brown, with indistinct mottled or spotted appearance caused by the tip of the hairs being black; in some lights the animal seems to be transversely crossed by narrow, irregular, wavy, black lines; top of head like back, but without the spotted appearance; sides, flanks, and upper surface of feet pale fulvous; underparts (except chin) a somewhat paler shade of fulvous; chin whitish; light, whitish-buff ring around eye; tail above mixed brown and black, tip black edged with whitish; below brown or fulvous, about like sides, with black tip. "Measurements-Total length 10.8; tail vert., 3.0; hind foot, 1.75." The Wyoming ground squirrel is one of the best-known mammals in the sections of the State where it occurs. There is always bustle and activity around its home, as the few short months in summer that it is out of hibernation is none too long for the work to be done in the rearrangement of burrows, breeding and rearing of the young, and the accumulation of fat on its body, that is necessary to keep it alive throughout the long winter months of inactivity. The Wyoming ground squirrel may be distinguished from other ground squirrels of the State by its large size, and short tail. It ~s the largest member of the Citellus group found in the State, and .Is only exceeded in size by the Rock Squirrel, which has a long tail, and does not belong to the Citellus group. It was first described by Kennicott, under the name of Spermophilus elegans, in the Proceed­ ings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia in 1863, from a specimen collected by C. D. Drexler, at Fort Bridges, Uinta County, Wyoming. Its distribution is restricted to Colorado, Wyoming and Utah. DISTRIBUTION IN Cm.JORADO--Upper Sonoran, Transition and Canadian Zonest and occurs in all or portions of Weld, Larimer, Jack­ son, Routt, Moffat, Rio Blanco, Garfield, Grand, Summit, Clear Creek, Eagle, Pitkin, Park and Lake counties. East of the Continental Divide the Wyoming ground squirrel reaches the height of its abundance in the Transition Zone ; west of the.Divide it is more common in the Upper Sonoran. East of. the Divide it only occurs in the upper Sonoran Zone in northern Larimer and northwestern Weld counties. t For zone map of ColQrado see N. A. Fauna No. 33. CIRCULAR 44 STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 5 In 1893, Bailey, in writing of Richardson's spermophile, gives the distribution of elegans as follows : "Its southern subspecies, the Wyoming spermophile (Sphermophilus r. elegans), extends over the sage plains of Wyoming from Cheyenne and Laramie mountain westward to Idaho. It is also found in northern Utah and at Fish Creek in the extreme northern part of Colorado."* At the time Bailey wrote this- bulletin, the generic name for the ground squirrel was Spermophilus, and elegans was classed as a sub­ Rpecies of richardsoni. As very little mammalogical work had been done in Qolorado prior to 1893, the Fish Creek record as given by Bailey was not a true status of its- distribution in the State. We have authentic accounts of its not being uncommon in North Park and Western Routt (now Moffat) County in 1883. The writer first met with this squirrel in 1900 on Panhandle Creek near Black Mountain, and on Lone Pine Creek near Manhattan, I1arimer County, Colorado. It seems to have been a native of Wyo­ ming and no doubt entered Colorado on the north from that state. We are not familiar with the distribution of this squirrel in Utah, but in Colorado, from our observations, it is not common west of Range 100 West. In the years we have had this squirrel under observation, its tendency has been to migrate southward, rather rapidly in the past few years. During this time the eastward movement has been slight. We attribute this lack of eastward movement to environmental con­ ditions and altitude, with altitude the dominating factor. A wide variation in altitude causes a corresponding variation in temperature and, if we follow Merriam's theory and see in temperature the chief factor in outlining the life zones of plants and animals, we find that 0. elegans adheres very closely to the 6000 feet elevation which is sup­ posed to be the lowest which it inhabits in the different zones where found. It is- true that in the Upper Sonoran Zone, in a few localities, it occurs at an elevation considerably lower than 6000 feet, £or example, at Rang.eley in Rio Blanca County and Carr in Weld County. However, to the best of our knowledge it occurs only sparingly at these two points. In Larimer County, at least, there are no natural barriers to pre­ vent the spread eastward to the fertile valley of the Poudre. The line of demarcation is well illustrated in this county in what is known as the Upper Livermore Valley. Squirrels have been common in this locality for twenty yearS' or more. In traveling west from Fort Collins to this section, one could always tell where to expect to run into squirrel territory. Some four or five years ago 0. elegans invaded the plains regions of northeastern Larimer and northwestern Weld Counties. This in­ vasion of the plains also seemingly came from Wyoming and was- not the result of an eastward migration from the older infested region to the westward. * (Page 60, Bulletin No. 4, U. S. D. A., Division' of Ornithology and Mammalogy). 6 GROUND SQUIRRELS oF CoLORADO BREEDING-Forty-four gravid females examined during the breed­ ing season, in three different years, gave an average of 6.6· young in a litter. Our opinion is that, if the breeding data covered a period of ten years, the average would be considerably higher. One season the number of embryos varied from six to eleven ; one season they varied from six to ten, and one season from one to six, and all three seasons data were from the same locality.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Delimiting Species in the Genus Otospermophilus (Rodentia: Sciuridae), Using Genetics, Ecology, and Morphology
    bs_bs_banner Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 113, 1136–1151. With 5 figures Delimiting species in the genus Otospermophilus (Rodentia: Sciuridae), using genetics, ecology, and morphology MARK A. PHUONG1*, MARISA C. W. LIM1, DANIEL R. WAIT1, KEVIN C. ROWE1,2 and CRAIG MORITZ1,3 1Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, 3101 Valley Life Science Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 2Sciences Department, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia 3Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia Received 16 April 2014; revised 6 July 2014; accepted for publication 7 July 2014 We apply an integrative taxonomy approach to delimit species of ground squirrels in the genus Otospermophilus because the diverse evolutionary histories of organisms shape the existence of taxonomic characters. Previous studies of mitochondrial DNA from this group recovered three divergent lineages within Otospermophilus beecheyi separated into northern, central, and southern geographical populations, with Otospermophilus atricapillus nested within the southern lineage of O. beecheyi. To further evaluate species boundaries within this complex, we collected additional genetic data (one mitochondrial locus, 11 microsatellite markers, and 11 nuclear loci), environmental data (eight bioclimatic variables), and morphological data (23 skull measurements). We used the maximum number of possible taxa (O. atricapillus, Northern O. beecheyi, Central O. beecheyi, and Southern O. beecheyi) as our operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and examined patterns of divergence between these OTUs. Phenotypic measures (both environmental and morphological) showed little differentiation among OTUs. By contrast, all genetic datasets supported the evolutionary independence of Northern O. beecheyi, although they were less consistent in their support for other OTUs as distinct species.
    [Show full text]
  • Richard Dallin Westwood: Sheriff and Ferryman of Early Grand County
    Richard Dallin Westwood: Sheriff and Ferryman of Early Grand County BY JEAN M. WESTWOOD ON FEBRUARY I7, I889, RICHARD DALLIN WESTWOOD, twenty-six years old, left Mount Pleasant, Utah, bound for Moab, a settlement in the far eastern edge of what was then Emery County. He was looking for a piece of farm land on which he could build a home for himself, his young wife, Martha, and their baby daughter, Mary Ellen. It was just ten years since the first permanent settlers had moved into "Spanish Valley" by the Grand (Colorado) River in the southeast part of the territory. The valley had long been part of western history. Mrs. Westwood lives in Scottsdale, Arizona. Above: Richard Dallin Westwood, ca. 1888. All photographs accompanying this article are courtesy of the author. Richard Dallin Westwood 67 Indian "writings" are still found on the rocks. Manos, metates, arrow­ heads, stone weapons, and ancient bean, maize, and squash seeds have all been frequent finds throughout the area, attesting to early Indian cultures. The Spanish Trail through here was used first by the early Span­ iards as a route from New Mexico to California.^ Later it was used in part by Mexican traders, trappers, prospectors, and various Indian tribes. The first party traveling the entire trail apparently was led by WiUiam WolfskiU and George C. Young in the winter of 1830-31.2 In 1854 Brigham Young sent a small expedition under William D. Huntington to trade with the Navajos and explore the southern part of Utah territory. They used this route. The next year Young called forty- one men under Alfred N.
    [Show full text]
  • Program & Faculty Guide
    Program & Faculty Guide UNLV School of Life Sciences UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS Contents From the Director ..................... 3 About UNLV .............................. 4 Programs .................................. 5 Facilities ................................... 7 Graduate Students ..................11 Postdoctoral Scholars ............13 Faculty Researchers .............. 15 UNLV School of Life Sciences From the Director The School of Life Sciences (SoLS) is one of the largest academic units on the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) campus. It has 30 full-time faculty members, 10 adjunct and research faculty, more than 1,900 undergraduate majors, and approximately 55 graduate students. The school’s offices and laborato- ries are located in four buildings: Juanita Greer White Hall (WHI), the Science and Engineering Building (SEB), the White Hall Annex (WHA2), the Campus Lab Building (CLB). Research facilities on campus include centers for bioinformatics/biostatics with access to supercomputer facilities, confocal and biological imaging core with a new a high-speed laser-scanning microscope, genomics center, greenhouses, tissue culture facilities, environmental chambers and mod- ern animal care facilities. The faculty research and graduate programs are or- ganized into Bioinformatics, Cell & Molecular Biology, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Integrative Physiology, School of Life Sciences Director Frank van Breukelen and Microbiology. SoLS faculty are recruited from some of the best research institutions and currently collaborate with the Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine (NIPM), Lou Ruvo Center, Desert Research Institute (DRI), BLM, USGS, US National Park Service, and with faculty and researchers at many universities and government agencies throughout the nation and international institutions, providing ex- panded opportunities for our students. The faculty compete successfully for funding from BLM, DOE, DOI, FWS, NASA, NIH, NSF, USDA, USGS and other agencies.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Resolution Correlation of the Upper Cretaceous Stratigraphy Between the Book Cliffs and the Western Henry Mountains Syncline, Utah, U.S.A
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Sciences 5-2012 HIGH-RESOLUTION CORRELATION OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS STRATIGRAPHY BETWEEN THE BOOK CLIFFS AND THE WESTERN HENRY MOUNTAINS SYNCLINE, UTAH, U.S.A. Drew L. Seymour University of Nebraska, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geoscidiss Part of the Geology Commons, Sedimentology Commons, and the Stratigraphy Commons Seymour, Drew L., "HIGH-RESOLUTION CORRELATION OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS STRATIGRAPHY BETWEEN THE BOOK CLIFFS AND THE WESTERN HENRY MOUNTAINS SYNCLINE, UTAH, U.S.A." (2012). Dissertations & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 88. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geoscidiss/88 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. HIGH-RESOLUTION CORRELATION OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS STRATIGRAPHY BETWEEN THE BOOK CLIFFS AND THE WESTERN HENRY MOUNTAINS SYNCLINE, UTAH, U.S.A. By Drew L. Seymour A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For Degree of Master of Science Major: Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Under the Supervision of Professor Christopher R. Fielding Lincoln, NE May, 2012 HIGH-RESOLUTION CORRELATION OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS STRATIGRAPHY BETWEEN THE BOOK CLIFFS AND THE WESTERN HENRY MOUNTAINS SYNCLINE, UTAH. U.S.A. Drew L. Seymour, M.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number 63 18 September 2014
    Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number 63 18 September 2014 List of Recent Land Mammals of Mexico, 2014 José Ramírez-Pulido, Noé González-Ruiz, Alfred L. Gardner, and Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales.0 Front cover: Image of the cover of Nova Plantarvm, Animalivm et Mineralivm Mexicanorvm Historia, by Francisci Hernández et al. (1651), which included the first list of the mammals found in Mexico. Cover image courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Museum of Texas Tech University Number 63 List of Recent Land Mammals of Mexico, 2014 JOSÉ RAMÍREZ-PULIDO, NOÉ GONZÁLEZ-RUIZ, ALFRED L. GARDNER, AND JOAQUÍN ARROYO-CABRALES Layout and Design: Lisa Bradley Cover Design: Image courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University Production Editor: Lisa Bradley Copyright 2014, Museum of Texas Tech University This publication is available free of charge in PDF format from the website of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University (nsrl.ttu.edu). The authors and the Museum of Texas Tech University hereby grant permission to interested parties to download or print this publication for personal or educational (not for profit) use. Re-publication of any part of this paper in other works is not permitted without prior written permission of the Museum of Texas Tech University. This book was set in Times New Roman and printed on acid-free paper that meets the guidelines for per- manence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed: 18 September 2014 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, Number 63 Series Editor: Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • Book Cliffs the Book Cliffs Rise As If Startled out of the Mancos Shale Desert
    !People of the Book Cliffs The Book Cliffs rise as if startled out of the Mancos Shale desert. This bright edge stretches east-west, two hundred miles between Grand Junction, Colorado and Price, Utah, stair-stepping four thousand feet up from the desert to a summit that’s cloaked in aspen, fir, and spruce. Erosion has dissected the cliffs into isolated canyons, carved by intermittent streams that all flow south toward the Colorado River. Even so, the cliffs and canyons are considered part of the !Uinta Basin because their rock layers, like the Green River Formation, are tilted north. Pockets of true wilderness still exist within the Book Cliffs. Black bear, bighorn, mule deer, and cougars are at home in these canyons. People have lived in and moved through this country for thousands of years−the Utes most recently, the Fremont before them, and the enigmatic Barrier !Canyon people with their alien pictographs staring at us as if from outer space. Wolf Bennett and his daughters came here from Colorado to see the pictographs and to clamber around the rocks of Sego Canyon. Wolf’s spent his life as a guide and values what these canyons !offer his family−opportunities to discover, a diversion from cityscapes, a sense of wonder. A mile down canyon, Bob Holloway and his two adopted children were watering fruit trees at the ranch he’d recently bought. The roof needed work. Bob and his wife wanted to get out of the rat race in Green River. That town’s population of 900 might swell if a proposed oil refinery and nuclear power plant are built.
    [Show full text]
  • BISON HERD UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Book Cliffs, Bitter Creek and Little Creek Herd Unit #10A and #10C Wildlife Board Approval November 29, 2007
    1 BISON HERD UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Book Cliffs, Bitter Creek And Little Creek Herd Unit #10A AND #10C Wildlife Board Approval November 29, 2007 BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION Uintah and Grand counties - Boundary begins at the Utah-Colorado state line and the White River, south along this state line to the summit and north-south drainage divide of the Book Cliffs; west along this summit and drainage divide to the Uintah-Ouray Indian Reservation boundary; north along this boundary to the Uintah-Grand County line; west along this county line to the Green River; north along this river to the White River; east along this river to the Utah-Colorado state line. NORTH BOOK CLIFFS LAND OWNERSHIP RANGE AREA AND APPROXIMATE OWNERSHIP Bitter Creek Little Creek Combined North Subunit Subunit Subunits Ownership Area % Area % Area (acres) % (acres) (acres) BLM 644,446 45.6 2,389 4.1 646,835 44 SITLA 165,599 11.7 48,912 84.4 214,911 15 DWR 15,138 1.1 6,551 11.3 21,689 1 PRIVATE 70,091 5.0 0 0 70,091 5 UTE TRIBE TRUST 517,506 36.6 82 0.2 517,588 35 LAND TOTAL 1,412,740 100 57,934 100 1,471,114 100 BOOK CLIFFS BISON HISTORY AND STATUS Bison were historically present in the general East Tavaputs Plateau and Uintah Basin. The Escalante expedition reported killing a bison near the present site of Jensen, Utah in September 1776. Bison are also commonly depicted in Native American rock art and pictographs found throughout the area.
    [Show full text]
  • 45762554013.Pdf
    Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 ISSN: 1666-0536 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Flores-Alta, Daniel; Rivera-Ortíz, Francisco A.; Contreras-González, Ana M. RECORD OF A POPULATION AND DESCRIPTION OF SOME ASPECTS OF THE LIFE HISTORY OF Notocitellus adocetus IN THE NORTH OF THE STATE OF GUERRERO, MEXICO Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 26, no. 1, 2019, -June, pp. 175-181 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45762554013 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 26(1):175-181, Mendoza, 2019 Copyright ©SAREM, 2019 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 http://www.sarem.org.ar https://doi.org/10.31687/saremMN.19.26.1.0.02 http://www.sbmz.com.br Nota RECORD OF A POPULATION AND DESCRIPTION OF SOME ASPECTS OF THE LIFE HISTORY OF Notocitellus adocetus IN THE NORTH OF THE STATE OF GUERRERO, MEXICO Daniel Flores-Alta, Francisco A. Rivera-Ortíz and Ana M. Contreras-González Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos, Laboratorio de Ecología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala. Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México [correspondencia: Ana M. Contreras-González <[email protected]>]. ABSTRACT. The rodent Notocitellus adocetus is endemic to Mexico, and little is known about its life history. We describe a population of N.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammal Species Native to the USA and Canada for Which the MIL Has an Image (296) 31 July 2021
    Mammal species native to the USA and Canada for which the MIL has an image (296) 31 July 2021 ARTIODACTYLA (includes CETACEA) (38) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei - Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 7. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Bos bison - American Bison 2. Oreamnos americanus - Mountain Goat 3. Ovibos moschatus - Muskox 4. Ovis canadensis - Bighorn Sheep 5. Ovis dalli - Thinhorn Sheep CERVIDAE - deer 1. Alces alces - Moose 2. Cervus canadensis - Wapiti (Elk) 3. Odocoileus hemionus - Mule Deer 4. Odocoileus virginianus - White-tailed Deer 5. Rangifer tarandus -Caribou DELPHINIDAE - ocean dolphins 1. Delphinus delphis - Common Dolphin 2. Globicephala macrorhynchus - Short-finned Pilot Whale 3. Grampus griseus - Risso's Dolphin 4. Lagenorhynchus albirostris - White-beaked Dolphin 5. Lissodelphis borealis - Northern Right-whale Dolphin 6. Orcinus orca - Killer Whale 7. Peponocephala electra - Melon-headed Whale 8. Pseudorca crassidens - False Killer Whale 9. Sagmatias obliquidens - Pacific White-sided Dolphin 10. Stenella coeruleoalba - Striped Dolphin 11. Stenella frontalis – Atlantic Spotted Dolphin 12. Steno bredanensis - Rough-toothed Dolphin 13. Tursiops truncatus - Common Bottlenose Dolphin MONODONTIDAE - narwhals, belugas 1. Delphinapterus leucas - Beluga 2. Monodon monoceros - Narwhal PHOCOENIDAE - porpoises 1. Phocoena phocoena - Harbor Porpoise 2. Phocoenoides dalli - Dall’s Porpoise PHYSETERIDAE - sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus – Sperm Whale TAYASSUIDAE - peccaries Dicotyles tajacu - Collared Peccary CARNIVORA (48) CANIDAE - dogs 1. Canis latrans - Coyote 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Time Budgets of Wyoming Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus Elegans
    Great Basin Naturalist Volume 41 Number 2 Article 9 6-30-1981 Time budgets of Wyoming ground squirrels, Spermophilus elegans David A. Zegers University of Colorado, Boulder Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Zegers, David A. (1981) "Time budgets of Wyoming ground squirrels, Spermophilus elegans," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 41 : No. 2 , Article 9. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol41/iss2/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. TIME BUDGETS OF WYOMING GROUND SQUIRRELS, SPERMOPHILUS ELEGANS David A. Zegers' .\bstract.— Time budget of free-living adult Spermophiltts elegans differed significantly from that of juveniles in the Front Range of the Rockies during 1974-1975. No differences were found between males and females. Hour of day. day since emergence, air temperature, cloud cover, and presence of predators all correlated with the frequency of various components of the time budget. Study of time budgets is important in com- binocular, and a 20X telescope to observe the prehending the roles of animals in ecosystems squirrels from a blind. The animals were as well as understanding their basic patterns marked for individual recognition from a dis- of behavior. Time budgets constructed for a tance using a unique combination of freeze few ground .squirrels [the Columbian ground brands (Hadow 1972) located at one or two squirrel, Spemiophihis columbianus (Betts of the spots on the animal's body.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 63(2) 1996
    July 1996 Number 2 Of of Washington A semiannual journal of research devoted to Helminthology and all branches of Parasitology Supported in part by the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund D. C. KRITSKY, W. A. :B6EC3ER, AND M, JEGU. NedtropicaliMonogehoidea/lS. An- — cyrocephalinae (Dactylogyridae) of Piranha and Their Relatives (Teleostei, JSer- rasalmidae) from Brazil and French Guiana: Species of Notozothecium Boeger and Kritsky, 1988, and Mymarotheciumgem. n. ..__ _______ __, ________ ..x,- ______ .s.... A. KOHN, C. P. SANTOS, AND-B. LEBEDEV. Metacdmpiella euzeti gen. n., sp, n., and I -Hargicola oligoplites~(Hargis, 1951) (Monogenea: Allodiscpcotylidae) from Bra- " zilian Fishes . ___________ ,:...L".. _______ j __ L'. _______l _; ________ 1 ________ _ __________ ______ _ .' _____ . __.. 176 C. P. SANTO?, T. SOUTO-PADRGN, AND R. M. LANFREDI. Atriasterheterodus (Levedev and Paruchin, 1969) and Polylabris tubicimts (Papema and Kohn, 1964) (Mono- ' genea) from Diplodus argenteus (Val., 1830) (Teleostei: Sparidae) from Brazil 181 . I...N- CAIRA AND T. BARDOS. Further Information on :.Gymnorhynchus isuri (Trypa- i/:norhyncha: Gymnorhynchidae) from the Shortfin Make Shark ...,.'. ..^_.-"_~ ____. ; 188 O. M. AMIN AND W. L.'MmcKLEY. Parasites of Some Fisji Introduced into an Arizona Reservoir, with Notes on Introductions — . ____ : ______ . ___.i;__ L____ _ . ______ :___ _ .193 O. M. AMIN AND O. SEY. Acanthocephala from Arabian Gulf Fishes off Kuwait, with 'Descriptions of Neoechinorhynchus dimorphospinus sp. n. XNeoechinorhyrichi- dae), Tegorhyrichus holospinosus sp. n. (l\lio&&ntid&e),:Micracanthorynchina-ku- waitensis sp. n. (Rhadinorhynchidae), and Sleriidrorhynchus breviclavipraboscis gen. n., sp. p. (Diplosentidae); and Key to Species of the Genus Micracanthor- .
    [Show full text]
  • Filed As WSR 17-20-030 on September 27, 2017
    CODE REVISER USE ONLY RULE-MAKING ORDER PERMANENT RULE ONLY CR-103P (August 2017) (Implements RCW 34.05.360) Agency: Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife: 17-254 Effective date of rule: Permanent Rules ☒ 31 days after filing. ☐ Other (specify) (If less than 31 days after filing, a specific finding under RCW 34.05.380(3) is required and should be stated below) Any other findings required by other provisions of law as precondition to adoption or effectiveness of rule? ☐ Yes ☒ No If Yes, explain: Purpose: The proposal will reclassify loggerhead sea turtle from the state’s threatened subcategory (WAC 220-200-100) to state’s endangered subcategory (WAC 220-610-010). In addition, the proposal will classify the yellow-billed cuckoo under the state’s endangered subcategory (WAC 220-610-010). Citation of rules affected by this order: New: Repealed: Amended: 220-200-100 and 220-610-010. Suspended: Statutory authority for adoption: RCW 77.04.012; 77.04.055; 77.12.020; 77.12.047 Other authority: None. PERMANENT RULE (Including Expedited Rule Making) Adopted under notice filed as WSR 17-13-131 on June 21, 2017 (date). Describe any changes other than editing from proposed to adopted version: WAC 220-200-100 Wildlife classified as protected shall not be hunted or fished. Proposed corrections to common and scientific names include the following: Common Name Scientific Name sage grouse Centrocercus urophasianus sharp-tailed grouse Phasianus columbianus gray whale Eschrichtius gibbosus least chipmunk Tamius minimus yellow-pine chipmunk Tamius amoenus
    [Show full text]