Latex to EPUB a Poor Man's Guide to Publishing Math Ebooks

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks

Alberto Pettarin [email protected] A Talk Title, Explained

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks A Talk Title, Explained

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks

I Easy-to-use interface to TEX high-quality typesetter

I Semantic-oriented markup language ( chapter Introduction , \ { } begin quote ... end quote ) \ { } \ { } I Widely used in science and engineering A Talk Title, Explained

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks

I Open ebook standard by IDPF

I EPUB 3.0 published on Oct 11 2011

I EPUB ﬁle = ZIP[ (X)HTML + CSS + metadata ]

I Main format on the market (except Amazon Kindle) A Talk Title, Explained

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks

I Scientiﬁc Technical Medical (STM) contents

I Notes, pre-prints, journals, magazines, books, . . . S I Math notation: single symbols (z, A, Φ, , , ), short expressions ∈ ∅ (y = ax 2 + bx + c), complex formulas:

S 1 0 F(r0) Π F(r) = ∇ × dV 0 4π∇ × |r − r | ZV 0 I BTW, massive business opportunity here. . .

A Talk Title, Explained

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks

I Goal: LAT X document EPUB ebook E ⇒ I No manual editing of LATEX source ﬁles

I Easy-to-use, free software tool(chain) A Talk Title, Explained

LATEX to EPUB A poor man’s guide to publishing math ebooks

I Goal: LAT X document EPUB ebook E ⇒ I No manual editing of LATEX source ﬁles

I Easy-to-use, free software tool(chain)

I BTW, massive business opportunity here. . . I Good News (Don’t fall asleep!)

In this Talk.. .

I EPUB 3.0: What’s New?

I LATEX in a Nutshell

I Converting LATEX to (X)HTML

I (Sad) Conclusions In this Talk.. .

I EPUB 3.0: What’s New?

I LATEX in a Nutshell

I Converting LATEX to (X)HTML

I (Sad) Conclusions

I Good News (Don’t fall asleep!) STM Literature Rhind Papyrus, ca. 1650 BC Arabic Transcript of Apollonius’ Conics, ca. 1100 Gutenberg’s Printing Press, ca. 1440 First “Scientiﬁc” Journals, 1665

I Journal des Sc¸avans

I Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society First Open-Access Journals, 1990-1991 Articles in EPUB Format, 2008 EPUB 3.0 EPUB 3.0: What’s New?

I Document content written in (X)HTML5

I W3C Presentation MathML 3.0 support is required

I JavaScript( MathJax display engine) support is optional ⇒ Writing x 2 + 4x + 8 in Two MathML Flavors Presentation Content

x 2 x + 2 4 &InvisibleTimes ; x 4 x + 8 8 Probably yes. . .

. . . but not immediately

EPUB 3.0: the Killer Format?

Game over? . . . but not immediately

EPUB 3.0: the Killer Format?

Game over?

Probably yes. . . EPUB 3.0: the Killer Format?

Game over?

Probably yes. . .

. . . but not immediately Why Legacy issues

Will the current ebook readers be updated to support EPUB 3.0 ?

Deferring Problems

Most STM contents are not created in (X)HTML

I TEX and friends I DocBook XML

I Markdown I OpenDocument XML

I reStructuredText I Generic XML

I Wiki markup I ... Deferring Problems

Most STM contents are not created in (X)HTML

I TEX and friends I DocBook XML

I Markdown I OpenDocument XML

I reStructuredText I Generic XML

I Wiki markup I ...

Legacy issues

Will the current ebook readers be updated to support EPUB 3.0 ? LATEX in a Nutshell LATEX: Main Features

I “Lingua franca” in (many) scientiﬁc and technical domains

I Free software (LPPL license) and huge ( 1M) user base ≈

I Markup language created by Lamport on top of Knuth’s TEX

I Ideally, semantic-oriented ( section Experiments ) \ { }

I Plenty of default commands ( emph) and environments \ ( begin itemize ... end itemize ). . . \ { } \ { }

I . . . that can be modiﬁed/extended by users ESTIMATES FOR THE VOLUME OF A LORENTZIAN MANIFOLD

CLAUS GERHARDT

Abstract. We prove new estimates for the volume of a Lorentzian manifold and show especially that cosmological spacetimes with crushing sin- gularities have ﬁnite volume.

0. Introduction

Let N be a (n + 1)-dimensional Lorentzian manifold and suppose that N can be decomposed in the form

(0.1) N = N0 N N+, ∪ − ∪ where N0 has ﬁnite volume and N resp. N+ represent the critical past resp. future Cauchy developments with not− necessarily a priori bounded volume. We assume that N+ is the future Cauchy development of a Cauchy hypersurface M1, and N the past Cauchy development of a hypersurface M2, or, more precisely, we− assume the existence of a time function x0, such that

0 1 0 N+ = x − ([t1,T+)),M1 = x = t1 , (0.2) { } 0 1 0 N = x − ((T , t2]),M2 = x = t2 , − − { } and that the Lorentz metric can be expressed as

2 (0.3) ds¯2 = e2ψ dx0 + σ (x0, x)dxidxj , {− ij } i where x = (x ) are local coordinates for the space-like hypersurface M1 if N+ is considered resp. M2 in case of N . α − The coordinate system (x )0 α n is supposed to be future directed, i.e. the past directed unit normal (να)≤ of≤ the level sets

(0.4) M(t) = x0 = t { } Date: April 18, 2002. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classiﬁcation. 35J60, 53C21, 53C44, 53C50, 58J05. Key words and phrases. Lorentzian manifold, volume estimates, cosmological spacetime, general relativity, constant mean curvature, CMC hypersurface. Alt-N Technologies, Ltd 2201 East Lamar Blvd, Suite 270 Arlington, Texas 76006 USA Helping the World Communicate! http://www.altn.com

Sales & Tech Tips September 2003

In this issue MDaemon 6.8 Stops Spam MDaemon Stops Spam! • Two new features — Bayesian filtering and heuristic detection — have made SSL How To’s • MDaemon 6.8 very effective at stopping spam before it reaches users. White Lists & Exclusions • Server Security Basics New AntiSpam tools come included, at no ad- • GW Folder Sharing ditional cost, with MDaemon 6.8 PRO! • With Bayesian filtering, each email site decides what is spam and legitimate Osirusoft RBL Gone! email by dragging and dropping examples of both into the filtering engine. The filter then compares the content of the examples to the content of new Osirusoft, a popular antispam messages to separate spam from real mail. Given several hundred examples black list site, is offline fol- of each type, Bayesian filtering is more than 95 percent accurate on spam, lowing extended denial of ser- with virtually zero mistakes for important email. vice attacks. The Osirusoft list- ing should be removed from Heuristic spam detection uses feature-matching rules — red HTML text, for MDaemon’s Spam Blocker: example — to identify spam. Through years of “learning” what spam (and legitimate) messages typically look like, the heuristic rules have become very 1. Choose the Security > reliable in separating spam from normal email. Spam Blocker command. MDaemon supports multiple means of fighting spam, including assured ac- 2. Select the Spam Blocker cess through white lists. Hosts tab. For more information on stopping spam with MDaemon, see the Security 3. Click on the item contain- Tools for Spam Control white paper, the MDaemon AntiSpam HowTos and ing osirusoft and click on the AntiSpam tutorial, by Ross McWilliam. Remove. 4. Click on OK to exit. SSL How To’s

Positive Reviews! The Secure Socket Layer (SSL) can protect your MDaemon email communi- MDaemon continues to receive cations on the Internet by using: positive reviews of its speed, security, low cost, easy installation server authentication certificates • and usability. It is data encryption praised for profes- • personal authentication certificates sional strength and • beginner ease of An authentication certificate resides on your server and makes sure your users use. See the review are communicating with your server only. summaries, plus links to the complete reviews. Data encryption converts ordinary data into codes only the sender and re- ceiver software can understand. RelayFax Upgrade/Rewrite A personal authentication certificate resides on a client computer and verifies RelayFax is being rewritten with the identify and ownership of the client computer. new technology. Also, Upgrade Protection is available. See the MDaemon can use SSL for its IMAP, POP, SMTP and WorldClient webmail Upgrade Protection questions in functions. the RelayFax FAQ. Also see the Setting up SSL for email and webmail are individual and independent pro- RelayFaX white paper. cesses. See the MDaemon SSL HowTos. c 2003 Alt-N Technolgoies. All rights reserved.

A Bohemian in Exile

A Reminiscence

hen, many years ago now, the once potent and extensive kingdom of Bohemia gradually dissolved and passed away, not a few historians were found to chronicle its past glories; and some have gone on to tell the fate of this or that once powerful chieftain who either donned the swallow-tail and conformed or, proudly self-exiled, sought some quiet retreat and died as he had lived, a Bohemian. But these were of the princes of the land. Tothe people, the villeins, the common rank and ﬁle, does no interest attach? Did they waste and pine, anæmic, in thin, strange, unwonted air? Or sit at the table of the scornful and learn, with Dante, how salt was alien bread? It is of one of those faithful commons I would speak, narrating only ‘the short and simple annals of the poor.’ It is to be noted that the kingdom aforesaid was not so much a kingdom as a United States – a collection of self- ruling guilds, municipalities, or republics, bound together by a common method of viewing life. ‘There once was a king of Bohemia’ – but that was a long time ago, and even Corporal Trimwas not certain in whose reign it was. These small free States, then, broke up gradually, from various causes and with varying speed; and I think ours was one of the last to go. With us, as with many others, it was a case of lost leaders. ‘Just for a handful of silver he left us’; though it was not

63 1 IA 18 VIIIA

1 1.0079 2 4.0025 1 H (Mendeleev’s) Periodic Table of Chemical Elements via TikZ He Hydrogen 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA Helium

3 6.941 4 9.0122 5 10.811 6 12.011 7 14.007 8 15.999 9 18.998 10 20.180 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Flourine Neon

11 22.990 12 24.305 13 26.982 14 28.086 15 30.974 16 32.065 17 35.453 18 39.948 3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar Sodium Magnesium 3 IIIA 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 VIIIB 9 VIIIB 10 VIIIB 11 IB 12 IIB Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon

19 39.098 20 40.078 21 44.956 22 47.867 23 50.942 24 51.996 25 54.938 26 55.845 27 58.933 28 58.693 29 63.546 30 65.39 31 69.723 32 72.64 33 74.922 34 78.96 35 79.904 36 83.8 4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton

37 85.468 38 87.62 39 88.906 40 91.224 41 92.906 42 95.94 43 96 44 101.07 45 102.91 46 106.42 47 107.87 48 112.41 49 114.82 50 118.71 51 121.76 52 127.6 53 126.9 54 131.29 5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon

55 132.91 56 137.33 57-71 72 178.49 73 180.95 74 183.84 75 186.21 76 190.23 77 192.22 78 195.08 79 196.97 80 200.59 81 204.38 82 207.2 83 208.98 84 209 85 210 86 222 6 Cs Ba La-Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Caesium Barium Lanthanide Halfnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon

87 223 88 226 89-103 104 261 105 262 106 266 107 264 108 277 109 268 110 281 111 280 112 285 113 284 114 289 115 288 116 293 117 292 118 294 7 Fr Ra Ac-Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo Francium Radium Actinide Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Ununbium Ununtrium Ununquadium Ununpentium Ununhexium Ununseptium Ununoctium

Alkali Metal Alkaline Earth Metal 57 138.91 58 140.12 59 140.91 60 144.24 61 145 62 150.36 63 151.96 64 157.25 65 158.93 66 162.50 67 164.93 68 167.26 69 168.93 70 173.04 71 174.97 Metal Metalloid La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Non-metal Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Dysprosium Halogen Gadolinium Terbium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Noble Gas Lanthanide/Actinide

Z mass 89 227 90 232.04 91 231.04 92 238.03 93 237 94 244 95 243 96 247 97 247 98 251 99 252 100 257 101 258 102 259 103 262 man- Symbol made Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Name Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Klinger-Hug-Variante Blatny–Klinger Tab.8zu11. … e5! iv. 2. enzyklopädischer teil

XIIIIIIIIY 2.5 15. … b6 16. d3 f5 17. e5 e5 18. e5 XIIIIIIIIY 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. c3 b4 4. e5 c5 5. 9r+lwq-+k+0{ e3 19. fe3 f1 20. f1 a7= Blatny 9r+lwq-+k+0 a3 c3 6. bc3 e7 7. g4 0–0 9zpp+-nrs zpp0 9zpp+-sn-zpp0 16. d3 c6 17. b6 f6 18. 9-+-+p+-+0 9-+n+-rt -+0 8. f3 bc6 9. d3 f5 10. ef6 f6 11. 9+Lsnp+-vL-0 g5! 9+-zppzp-vL-0 g5 Der Springerzug ermöglicht den Doppel- 9-+-+-+Q+0 schri des f-Bauern wonach die Schwäche 9-+-Pz -+Q+0 11. … e5! 9zP-zP-+N+-0 der schwarzen Felder dem Weißen etwas 9zP-zPL+N+-0 9-+P+-PPz zP0 Vorteil verspricht. 9-+P+-PPz zP0 xiiiiiiiiy9tR-+-+RmK-0 18. … d7?! xiiiiiiiiy9tR-+-Km -+R0 EinsehrunglücklichesFeldfürdenTurm. A 14. fe1?! Objektiv betrachtet wohl 18. … f8 19. f4 [19. c5 d8] 19. … h6 11. … e5! Ta b e l l e 8 fragwürdig, da die folgende schwarze [19. … d8 20. ae1] 20. c5! [20. f3 § 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Springerinvasion nach e4 ein nicht ganz d7 21. b1 c5! (21. … e5 22. fe5 de5 ¹ ² ³ ⁵ ⁶ 1 g3?! gf3 e2 0–0? fe1 f1 e7 e5 c3 korrektes ualitätsopfer erzwingt. 23. e5 f1 24. f1 e5 25. e1; 21. … f3 c4 ed4 f5⁴ dc3 d7 e7 c6 b5 a 14. … e4?! Einen Zug zu früh! b5!?] 20. … d8 21. f3 ⁷ ⁸ 2 … … … f6! d4 g5 cd4 c3 a2 h4 15. e4 de4 16. e4 d5 17. e2 f3 18. … … … f8 f5 fd4 f5 e8 e6 e7 f7 19. d1 d1 20. 19. f4 h6?! [18.…f5!?] ¹⁰ d1 e7 21. d8 f7 22. h8 h6 23. 3 … … … d2 g5 cd4 e3 d4 g1 e5 Verliert einfach einen Bauern. … … a5! f5 ed4!⁹ c3 cd4 d4 g6 c5!¹¹ e2 Moutousis–Djurhuus, Thes- ¹² ¹³ saloniki ol 1988 [77, 231-4(§2), 282(36)] 20. c5 b8 21. e6 e4 22. 4 h4 f6 f6 f8 dc5! gf3 b1 f5 cb6 b6 = e4 gf6 f8!? f8 ef3 f5 b6¹⁴ f5 ab6 fe7 b 14. … e5 15. g3 e4 16. e4 de4 e4 de4 23. ae1 f7 24. d8 ¹⁵ 17. e5 [17. e5 d5] 17. … f5 18. c4 f6 25. c6 c6 26. d8 h7 5 … … … cd3 0–0 fe1 e6 dc5 f8 … … ed3 f5!? d3¹⁶ g6 g7¹⁷ Und ich sehe keine befriedigende ( 2.6) ¹⁸ ¹⁹ ²⁰ Fortsetzung für Weiß. 6 … … … … d4 d4 0–0 e3 cd4 fd1 ²¹ B 14. d3! c6 [14. … e5 15. g3 XIIIIIIIIY 2.6 … … … cd4! d4 f5 c6 d4 d4 d8 9rwqlwQ-+-+0 ²² ²³ c6 16. fe1 ] 15. fe1 d7 16. g3 7 … … … … … … e3 cd4 0–0 9+p+-+-pkz 0 … … … … … c6! d4 f5 d4 14. d4 9p+r+-+-pz 0 12. h7 h7 Tab. 9, S. 250. 14. d3 d3 15. cd3 c7 16. fe1 g6 9+-Lv -+-+-0 Rogers–Depasquale, Melbourne 1987 [77, 231-6(§3), 282(37)] 9-+-+pzP-+0 9zP-Pz -+-+-0 14. … d6 15. e3 e4?! 9-+P+-+PzP0 In der Folge landet der Springer auf einem 9+-+-tRRmK-0 weniger günstigen Feld. xiiiiiiiiy{

99 248 68 8. ...Non facile declaratur quænam res sint vere relativæ. [II,iii \' b^ g R k( R 8E"> KF \' ^ Y E"> \V E"? G Y `ZF e[ Kd i >b F"? 9YbO Y i `[V YbOd 11i Y \Om 10J \' `Z èF TeJ ` g R k( R \Va N \' `Z èF `RbJ 12YbOeF \'a `Za k' d J `ZF eKa E3 \V 'R e R a %" R Y "_;d ^ 5 > "^b` > e \V ;V 14a TN e^V 13E"? ia %! `R b^ g R k( R E"? Y ¡B \V Te/ R e > KeKa XOa SW` Y i d `R b^ g R k( R E3 \V ( R Va 7ibK "l& \V E3 \V b^ V 16 15 F PO+ R VF ;¡N !"V " d G V 9?/ J b^ 10 Ü17 b?. èF (SF

8 C repetit E" > KF \' ^ Y — 9 F, L YbO : C YbOd — 10 L J : F KF ; C a ; h rcf, j ‘jam’. — 11 C, L i Y : F i — 12 F, L YbOeF : C YbOda — 13 C, L, h, j E"? : F E"? — 14 C, L, h a : F ;a — 15 9?/ : C H?3 — 16 F, L PO+ R : C PeO+ R — 17 ItaC,F,L,h b?.

Kitab¯ al-Maqoul¯ at¯ [Κατηγ. p. 8 b, 9-24] #bO (R `ZF j/L `[V \' ^ g R ( R PR 3 XS? YbOd Y ; a! ² 357 ;S> i >b YbOd n PR YF \'a `Za J \' ^ Y XS? n YbOd Y `Za t⋆o Y* bOd ti LG l! `ZF `Za b^ J \' `Z e[ Kd XS? (R `Z PR a YbOd Y j/L F3 Y'i XS> " ;V a! ² 9a `Z "_: J YbOeF 360 t⋆ t d J a TNa e R a %" R VF Üj/L He2 è R g R "i PR 3 XS? [15] t⋆E3 V VF S/L E"? J GZ te^V YF "^b h^ J > "K g"O \V %! Te/ R > XS? Y Te& i `Z PR a E"? Y Ma (SF è R \ ]V ^ O\ G t a E3 \V 'R ] ^ Y PR \V 9eF ] ^ \V da ^ e Y LeS `Z i E3 \V "^b` \V "^b (R `Z QbK R / KF E3 [21] 365 !"V t" ¤ G V !bVi ] ^ QV > XOa 7 M > XK R 9?/ J YbOd `Ü eF M! i J (SF F PO+ R VF ;¡N ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ lect. t:—(359) i Y — e{ * —(361) XS? 3 — OT F —(362) e^V — E3 — (364) a —(366) " d§ “Hello, World!” in LATEX A \documentclass[12 pt , a4paper]{article} “Hello, World!” in LTEX \usepackage{amsmath} \ t i t l e {``Hello , World !'' in \LaTeX} October 18, 2011 \date{\today} \newtheorem{theo}{Theorem} \begin{document} 1 Introduction \m a k e t i t l e LATEX is a document preparation system for the TEX typesetting program. It offers programmable desktop publishing features and extensive facilities \section{Introduction} for automating most aspects of typesetting and desktop publishing, including numbering and cross-referencing, tables and figures, page layout, bibliogra- \LaTeX\ is a document preparation system for phies, and much more. the \TeX\ typesetting program . 2 A Simple Theorem

It offers programmable desktop publishing features Theorem 1 (Euler’s polyhedron formula) Any convex polyhedron’s sur- and extensive facilities for automating most aspects face has Euler characteristic of typesetting and \emph{desktop} publishing , V − E + F = 2. including numbering and cross−referencing , tables and figures , page layout , bibliographies , and much more .

\section{A Simple Theorem} % This isa comment; it will not be output. \begin{theo}[Euler ' s polyhedron formula ] Any convex polyhedron ' s surface has Euler characteristic \[ V − E + F = 2. \] \end{theo} \end{document} 1 LATEX Workﬂow

pdﬂatex PDF (.pdf)

dvipdf ps2pdf

Device latex dvips Postscript Source (.tex) Independent (.ps) (.dvi)

dvipng, dvisvgm Image (.gif, .png, .svg)

latex2html, latexml, pandoc, plastex, tex4ht, . . . HTML/XML (.html/.xml) LAT X to EPUB LAT X to (X)HTML E ≡ E

I EPUB = ZIP[ (X)HTML + CSS + metadata ]

I Key step: generating (X)HTML + CSS from LATEX source

I Lots of tools for converting LATEX into (X)HTML

I HeVeA I pandoc

I HyperLaTeX I plasTeX

I LaTeX2HTML I TeX4ht

I LaTeXML I ...

[ n \ n(n + 1) sum k=0 ˆ n k = f r a c n ( n+1) 2 k = \ { } { } \ { }{ } ⇒ 2 ] k=0 \ X

Three ways to “write” the above LATEX formula in (X)HTML

I Converting into an image

I Using table elements and symbols

I MathML representation

Rendering Math: Troubles, Indeed

Crucial issue

How can math objects be expressed in (X)HTML? Three ways to “write” the above LATEX formula in (X)HTML

I Converting into an image

I Using table elements and symbols

I MathML representation

Rendering Math: Troubles, Indeed

Crucial issue

How can math objects be expressed in (X)HTML?

[ n \ n(n + 1) sum k=0 ˆ n k = f r a c n ( n+1) 2 k = \ { } { } \ { }{ } ⇒ 2 ] k=0 \ X Rendering Math: Troubles, Indeed

Crucial issue

How can math objects be expressed in (X)HTML?

[ n \ n(n + 1) sum k=0 ˆ n k = f r a c n ( n+1) 2 k = \ { } { } \ { }{ } ⇒ 2 ] k=0 \ X

Three ways to “write” the above LATEX formula in (X)HTML

I Converting into an image

I Using table elements and symbols

I MathML representation Con’s Pro’s

No scalability w.r.t. text Macro-independent

/ Possibly bad quality , Supported by current

/ Semantics gone , devices /

Method 1: Image

Example

n n(n + 1) k = 2 k=0 ⇒ X Method 1: Image

Example

n n(n + 1) k = 2 k=0 ⇒ X Con’s Pro’s

No scalability w.r.t. text Macro-independent

/ Possibly bad quality , Supported by current

/ Semantics gone , devices / Con’s Pro’s

Some symbols might be Scalability w.r.t. text

/ unavailable , Supported by current Macro-dependent , devices / Unwanted rendering effects /

Method 2: Tables and Symbols

Example

n n n(n + 1) n(n + 1) k = k = 2 2 k=0 ⇒ X kX= 0 Method 2: Tables and Symbols

Example

n n n(n + 1) n(n + 1) k = k = 2 2 k=0 ⇒ X kX= 0

Con’s Pro’s

Some symbols might be Scalability w.r.t. text

/ unavailable , Supported by current Macro-dependent , devices / Unwanted rendering effects / Method 3: MathML

Example

n n(n + 1) k = 2 k=0 ⇒ k X = 0 n k = n n + 1 2 Method 3: MathML

Example

n n(n + 1) k = 2 MathML k=0 ⇒ X Con’s Pro’s

Not supported by current Scalability w.r.t. text

/ devices , Semantics preserved

Some macros might be fragile , Required by EPUB 3.0 / , Note: scarce browser support, not really usable right now I Large devices (9”-10”): generate PDF, with suitable page size

I Small devices (5”-6”): convert to EPUB, using images for maths (LaTeXML, plasTeX, and TeX4ht do a decent job)

I EPUB 3.0-compliant devices (i.e., MathML support) will create interesting dynamics (i.e., $$$) in the near future

I Meanwhile, the best practices for math ebooks are:

(Sad) Conclusions

I Current tools (SW, devices) largely inadequate when handling maths I Large devices (9”-10”): generate PDF, with suitable page size

I Small devices (5”-6”): convert to EPUB, using images for maths (LaTeXML, plasTeX, and TeX4ht do a decent job)

I Meanwhile, the best practices for math ebooks are:

(Sad) Conclusions

I Current tools (SW, devices) largely inadequate when handling maths

I EPUB 3.0-compliant devices (i.e., MathML support) will create interesting dynamics (i.e., $$$) in the near future I Large devices (9”-10”): generate PDF, with suitable page size

I Small devices (5”-6”): convert to EPUB, using images for maths (LaTeXML, plasTeX, and TeX4ht do a decent job)

(Sad) Conclusions

I Current tools (SW, devices) largely inadequate when handling maths

I EPUB 3.0-compliant devices (i.e., MathML support) will create interesting dynamics (i.e., $$$) in the near future

I Meanwhile, the best practices for math ebooks are: I Small devices (5”-6”): convert to EPUB, using images for maths (LaTeXML, plasTeX, and TeX4ht do a decent job)

(Sad) Conclusions

I Current tools (SW, devices) largely inadequate when handling maths

I EPUB 3.0-compliant devices (i.e., MathML support) will create interesting dynamics (i.e., $$$) in the near future

I Meanwhile, the best practices for math ebooks are:

I Large devices (9”-10”): generate PDF, with suitable page size (Sad) Conclusions

I Current tools (SW, devices) largely inadequate when handling maths

I EPUB 3.0-compliant devices (i.e., MathML support) will create interesting dynamics (i.e., $$$) in the near future

I Meanwhile, the best practices for math ebooks are:

I Large devices (9”-10”): generate PDF, with suitable page size

I Small devices (5”-6”): convert to EPUB, using images for maths (LaTeXML, plasTeX, and TeX4ht do a decent job) Gosh, isn’t he done, yet? Good News!

Available in EPUB and MOBI format (and soon on FreeBoox!)

Richard Stallman Free Software, Free Society

Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman, Second Edition http://www.dei.unipd.it/~pettarin/fsfs2.html

Sam Williams and Richard Stallman Free as in Freedom

Richard Stallman and the Free Software Revolution, Second Edition http://www.dei.unipd.it/~pettarin/faif2.html Alberto Pettarin [email protected] License and Credits This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

http://www.mylocalwebdesigner.com/ http://alexbramwellphotos.blogspot.com/

http://parpg-trac.cvsdude.com/ http://www.usermode.org/

http://www.idpf.org/ http://images.paraorkut.com/

http://www.sodahead.com/ http://media.texample.net/tikz/examples/

1 IA 18 VIIIA

1 1.0079 2 4.0025 1 H (Mendeleev’s) Periodic Table of Chemical Elements via TikZ He Hydrogen 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA Helium

3 6.941 4 9.0122 5 10.811 6 12.011 7 14.007 8 15.999 9 18.998 10 20.180 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Flourine Neon

http://lookatmyhappyrainbow.blogspot.com/ http://www.hindawi.com/

http://www.tug.org/texshowcase/ http://arxiv.org/

Alt-N Technologies, Ltd 2201 East Lamar Blvd, Suite 270 Arlington, Texas 76006 USA Klinger-Hug-Variante Blatny–Klinger Tab.8zu11. … e5! iv. 2. enzyklopädischer teil Helping the World Communicate! http://www.altn.com XIIIIIIIIY 2.5 XIIIIIIIIY 15. … b6 16. d3 f5 17. e5 e5 18. e5 9r+lwq-+k+0 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. c3 b4 4. e5 c5 5. Sales & Tech Tips September 2003 9r+lwq-+k+0{ e3 19. fe3 f1 20. f1 a7= Blatny a3 c3 6. bc3 e7 7. g4 0–0 A Bohemian in Exile 9zpp+-nrs zpp0 9zpp+-sn-zpp0 68 8. ...Non facile declaratur quænam res sint vere relativæ. [II,iii 16. d3 c6 17. b6 f6 18. ESTIMATES FOR THE VOLUME OF A LORENTZIAN 9-+-+p+-+0 9-+n+-rt -+0 8. f3 bc6 9. d3 f5 10. ef6 f6 11. 8 MANIFOLD g5! \' b^ g R k( R E"> KF \' ^ Y E"> \V In this issue MDaemon 6.8 Stops Spam 9 A Reminiscence 9+Lsnp+-vL-0 9+-zppzp-vL-0 g5 E"? G Y `ZF e[ Kd i >b F"? YbO Y i `[V CLAUS GERHARDT MDaemon Stops Spam! Der Springerzug ermöglicht den Doppel- 11 10 • Two new features — Bayesian filtering and heuristic detection — have made 9-+-+-+Q+0 9-+-Pz -+Q+0 SSL How To’s schri des f-Bauern wonach die Schwäche 11. … e5! YbOd i Y \Om J \' `Z èF TeJ ` g R k( R • MDaemon 6.8 very effective at stopping spam before it reaches users. hen, many years ago now, the once potent 12 Abstract. We prove new estimates for the volume of a Lorentzian mani- White Lists & Exclusions 9zP-zP-+N+-0 der schwarzen Felder dem Weißen etwas 9zP-zPL+N+-0 \Va N \' `Z èF `RbJ YbOeF \'a `Za k' fold and show especially that cosmological spacetimes with crushing sin- • and extensive kingdom of Bohemia gradually gularities have finite volume. Server Security Basics New AntiSpam tools come included, at no ad- Vorteil verspricht. d 5 • dissolved and passed away, not a few historians 9-+P+-PPz zP0 9-+P+-PPz zP0 J `ZF eKa E3 \V ' R e R a %" R Y "_;d ^ GW Folder Sharing ditional cost, with MDaemon 6.8 PRO! 14 13 • were found to chronicle its past glories; and 9tR-+-+RmK-0 18. … d7?! xiiiiiiiiy9tR-+-Km -+R0 > "^b` > e \V ;V a TN e^V E"? With Bayesian filtering, each email site decides what is spam and legitimate xiiiiiiiiy 0. Introduction some have gone on to tell the fate of this or that once ia %! `R b^ g R k( R E"? Y ¡B \V Te/ R Osirusoft RBL Gone! email by dragging and dropping examples of both into the filtering engine. EinsehrunglücklichesFeldfürdenTurm. The filter then compares the content of the examples to the content of new powerful chieftain who either donned the swallow-tail and A Ta b e l l e 8 e Let N be a (n + 1)-dimensional Lorentzian manifold and suppose that N Osirusoft, a popular antispam 14. fe1?! Objektiv betrachtet wohl 18. … f8 19. f4 [19. c5 d8] 19. … h6 11. … e5! > KeKa XOa SW` Y i d `R b^ g R k( R messages to separate spam from real mail. Given several hundred examples can be decomposed in the form black list site, is offline fol- conformed or, proudly self-exiled, sought some quiet retreat of each type, Bayesian filtering is more than 95 percent accurate on spam, fragwürdig, da die folgende schwarze [19. … d8 20. ae1] 20. c5! [20. f3 § 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 E3 \V ( R Va 7ibK "l& \V E3 \V b^ V lowing extended denial of ser- and died as he had lived, a Bohemian. But these were of the 16 15 with virtually zero mistakes for important email. Springerinvasion nach e4 ein nicht ganz d7 21. b1 c5! (21. … e5 22. fe5 de5 1 g3?! gf3¹ e2² 0–0?³ fe1⁵ f1⁶ e7 e5 c3 10 (0.1) N = N0 N N+, vice attacks. The Osirusoft list- F PO+ R VF ;¡N !"V " d G V 9?/ J b^ ∪ − ∪ princes of the land. Tothe people, the villeins, the common 23. e5 f1 24. f1 e5 25. e1; 21. … 17 ing should be removed from Heuristic spam detection uses feature-matching rules — red HTML text, for korrektes ualitätsopfer erzwingt. f3 c4 ed4 f5⁴ dc3 d7 e7 c6 b5 where N0 has finite volume and N resp. N+ represent the critical past resp. MDaemon’s Spam Blocker: example — to identify spam. Through years of “learning” what spam (and rank and file, does no interest attach? Did they waste and a Ü b?. èF ( SF − 14. … e4?! Einen Zug zu früh! b5!?] 20. … d8 21. f3 ⁷ ⁸ future Cauchy developments with not necessarily a priori bounded volume. We legitimate) messages typically look like, the heuristic rules have become very 2 … … … f6! d4 g5 cd4 c3 a2 h4 pine, anæmic, in thin, strange, unwonted air? Or sit at the 15. e4 de4 16. e4 d5 17. e2 f3 18. 8 9 10 assume that N+ is the future Cauchy development of a Cauchy hypersurface 1. Choose the Security > reliable in separating spam from normal email. 19. f4 h6?! … … … f8 f5 fd4 f5 e8 e6 C repetit E" > KF \' ^ Y — F, L YbO : C YbOd — L J : F KF ; C a ; h M1, and N the past Cauchy development of a hypersurface M2, or, more table of the scornful and learn, with Dante, how salt was e7 f7 19. d1 d1 20. rcf, j ‘jam’. — 11 C, L : F — 12 F, L : C — 13 C, L, h, j : − 0 Spam Blocker command. [18.…f5!?] i Y i YbOeF YbOda E"? precisely, we assume the existence of a time function x , such that MDaemon supports multiple means of fighting spam, including assured ac- ¹⁰ 14 15 16 3 … … … d2 g5 cd4 e3 d4 g1 e5 F — C, L, h : F — : C — F, L : C 2. Select the Spam Blocker cess through white lists. alien bread? It is of one of those faithful commons I would d1 e7 21. d8 f7 22. h8 h6 23. Verliert einfach einen Bauern. ⁹ ¹¹ E"? a ;a 9?/ H?3 PO+ R … … a5! f5 ed4! c3 cd4 d4 g6 c5! — 17 ItaC,F,L,h 0 1 0 Hosts tab. PeO+ R b?. N+ = x − ([t1, T+)),M1 = x = t1 , For more information on stopping spam with MDaemon, see the Security speak, narrating only ‘the short and simple annals of the e2 Moutousis–Djurhuus, Thes- (0.2) { } 4 h4 f6 f6 f8¹² dc5!¹³ gf3 b1 f5 cb6 b6 0 1 0 3. Click on the item contain- Tools for Spam Control white paper, the MDaemon AntiSpam HowTos and saloniki ol 1988 [77, 231-4(§2), 282(36)] 20. c5 b8 21. e6 e4 22. = ¯ ¯ ¯ N = x − ((T , t2]),M2 = x = t2 , poor.’ ¹⁴ Kitab al-Maqoulat [Κατηγ. p. 8 b, 9-24] − − { } ing osirusoft and click on the AntiSpam tutorial, by Ross McWilliam. b e4 gf6 f8!? f8 ef3 f5 b6 f5 ab6 fe7 14. … e5 15. g3 e4 16. e4 de4 357 and that the Lorentz metric can be expressed as Remove. It is to be noted that the kingdom aforesaid was not so e4 de4 23. ae1 f7 24. d8 #bO (R `ZF j/L `[V \' ^ g R ( R PR 3 XS? YbOd Y ; a! ² 5 … … … cd3¹⁵ 0–0 fe1 e6 dc5 4. Click on OK to exit. much a kingdom as a United States – a collection of self- 17. e5 [17. e5 d5] 17. … f5 18. c4 f6 25. c6 c6 26. d8 h7 ;S> i >b YbOd n PR YF \'a `Za J \' ^ Y XS? n YbOd Y ¹⁶ ¹⁷ t⋆ t 2 2ψ 02 0 i j SSL How To’s … … ed3 f5!? d3 g6 g7 (0.3) ds¯ = e dx + σij(x , x)dx dx , f8 Und ich sehe keine befriedigende `Za o Y* bOd i LG l! `ZF `Za b^ J \' `Z e[ Kd XS? ( R `Z PR a {− } ruling guilds, municipalities, or republics, bound together ( 2.6) ¹⁸ ¹⁹ ²⁰ YbOd Y j/L F3 Y'i XS> " ;V a! ² 9a `Z "_: J YbOeF 360 i Positive Reviews! Fortsetzung für Weiß. 6 … … … … d4 d4 0–0 e3 cd4 fd1 t⋆ t where x = (x ) are local coordinates for the space-like hypersurface M1 if N+ The Secure Socket Layer (SSL) can protect your MDaemon email communi- d by a common method of viewing life. ‘There once was a ²¹ J a TNa e R a %" R VF Üj/L He2 è R g R "i PR 3 XS? [15] is considered resp. M2 in case of N . MDaemon continues to receive cations on the Internet by using: B 14. d3! c6 [14. … e5 15. g3 XIIIIIIIIY 2.6 … … … cd4! d4 f5 c6 d4 d4 d8 t⋆ t α − king of Bohemia’ – but that was a long time ago, and even E3 V VF S/L E"? J GZ e^V YF "^b h^ J > "K g"O The coordinate system (x )0 α n is supposed to be future directed, i.e. the positive reviews of its speed, se- 9rwqlwQ-+-+0 α ≤ ≤ c6 16. fe1 ] 15. fe1 d7 16. g3 ²² ²³ past directed unit normal (ν ) of the level sets curity, low cost, easy installation server authentication certificates 7 … … … … … … e3 cd4 0–0 \V %! Te/ R > XS? Y Te & i `Z PR a E"? Y Ma ( SF è R • Corporal Trimwas not certain in whose reign it was. These t and usability. It is 9+p+-+-pkz 0 … … … … … c6! d4 f5 d4 \ ]V ^ O\ G a E3 \V 'R ] ^ Y PR \V 9eF ] ^ \V da ^ data encryption small free States, then, broke up gradually, from various e 365 (0.4) M(t) = x0 = t praised for profes- • 14. d4 Y LeS `Z i E3 \V "^b` \V "^b (R `Z QbK R / KF E3 [21] { } personal authentication certificates causes and with varying speed; and I think ours was one of 9p+r+-+-pz 0 12. h7 h7 Tab. 9, S. 250. t sional strength and • 14. d3 d3 15. cd3 c7 16. fe1 g6 !"V " ¤ G V !bVi ] ^ QV > XOa 7 M > XK R 9?/ J YbOd Date: April 18, 2002. beginner ease of 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35J60, 53C21, 53C44, 53C50, 58J05. An authentication certificate resides on your server and makes sure your users the last to go. 9+-Lv -+-+-0 `Ü eF M! i J ( SF F PO+ R VF ;¡N use. See the review Rogers–Depasquale, Melbourne 1987 359 ⋆ 361 ⋆ 362 ⋆ Key words and phrases. Lorentzian manifold, volume estimates, cosmological spacetime, are communicating with your server only. lect. t:—( ) i Y — e{ * —( ) XS? 3 — OT F —( ) e^V — E3 — general relativity, constant mean curvature, CMC hypersurface. summaries, plus With us, as with many others, it was a case of lost leaders. 9-+-+pzP-+0 [77, 231-6(§3), 282(37)] 364 366 links to the complete reviews. Data encryption converts ordinary data into codes only the sender and re- ‘Just for a handful of silver he left us’; though it was not ( ) a —( ) " d§ ceiver software can understand. 9zP-Pz -+-+-0 RelayFax Upgrade/Rewrite 14. … d6 15. e3 e4?! A personal authentication certificate resides on a client computer and verifies 9-+P+-+PzP0 RelayFax is being rewritten with the identify and ownership of the client computer. In der Folge landet der Springer auf einem new technology. Also, Upgrade 9+-+-tRRmK-0{ Protection is available. See the MDaemon can use SSL for its IMAP, POP, SMTP and WorldClient webmail 63 weniger günstigen Feld. xiiiiiiiiy Upgrade Protection questions in functions. the RelayFax FAQ. Also see the Setting up SSL for email and webmail are individual and independent pro- 99 248 RelayFaX white paper. cesses. See the MDaemon SSL HowTos. c 2003 Alt-N Technolgoies. All rights reserved.

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