4. Assyrian Involvement in Edom
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Thiele's Biblical Chronology As a Corrective for Extrabiblical Dates
Andm University Seminary Studies, Autumn 1996, Vol. 34, No. 2,295-317. Copyright 1996 by Andrews University Press.. THIELE'S BIBLICAL CHRONOLOGY AS A CORRECTIVE FOR EXTRABIBLICAL DATES KENNETH A. STRAND Andrews University The outstanding work of Edwin R. Thiele in producing a coherent and internally consistent chronology for the period of the Hebrew Divided Monarchy is well known. By ascertaining and applying the principles and procedures used by the Hebrew scribes in recording the lengths of reign and synchronisms given in the OT books of Kings and Chronicles for the kings of Israel and Judah, he was able to demonstrate the accuracy of these biblical data. What has generally not been given due notice is the effect that Thiele's clarification of the Hebrew chronology of this period of history has had in furnishing a corrective for various dates in ancient Assyrian and Babylonian history. It is the purpose of this essay to look at several such dates.' 1. i%e Basic Question In a recent article in AUSS, Leslie McFall, who along with many other scholars has shown favor for Thiele's chronology, notes five vital variable factors which Thiele recognized, and then he sets forth the following opinion: In view of the complex interaction of several of the independent factors, it is clear that such factors could never have been discovered (or uncovered) if it had not been for extrabiblical evidence which established certain key absolute dates for events in Israel and Judah, such as 853, 841, 723, 701, 605, 597, and 586 B.C. It was as a result of trial and error in fitting the biblical data around these absolute dates that previous chronologists (and more recently Thiele) brought to light the factors outlined above.= '~lthou~hmuch of the information provided in this article can be found in Thiele's own published works, the presentation given here gathers it, together with certain other data, into a context and with a perspective not hitherto considered, so far as I have been able to determine. -
New Early Eighth-Century B.C. Earthquake Evidence at Tel Gezer: Archaeological, Geological, and Literary Indications and Correlations
Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Master's Theses Graduate Research 1992 New Early Eighth-century B.C. Earthquake Evidence at Tel Gezer: Archaeological, Geological, and Literary Indications and Correlations Michael Gerald Hasel Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theses Recommended Citation Hasel, Michael Gerald, "New Early Eighth-century B.C. Earthquake Evidence at Tel Gezer: Archaeological, Geological, and Literary Indications and Correlations" (1992). Master's Theses. 41. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theses/41 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thank you for your interest in the Andrews University Digital Library of Dissertations and Theses. Please honor the copyright of this document by not duplicating or distributing additional copies in any form without the author’s express written permission. Thanks for your cooperation. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Baasha of Ammon
Baasha of Ammon GARY A. RENDSBURG Cornell University 1lVD'i' 'Xtl1' i1'1::J' i"'~ 1,T The identification of the members of the western coalition who fought Shal maneser HI at the battle of Qarqar has engaged Assyriologists since the 19th century. Among the more elusive members of the alliance has been Ba-J-sa miir 1 Ru-bu-bi .KUR A-ma-na-a-a, listed in the Monolith Inscription, column II, line 95. The majority view holds that the toponym A-ma-na-a-a refers to Ammon. the small state located in Transjordan = biblical cammon (Gen. 19:38, etc.). This iden tification ,:>riginated among late 19th and early 20th century scholars,2 is repeated in more recent works,3 and appears in standard translations.4 The ~llinority view was first offered by E. Forrer,S who identified the word with Amana, the mountainous region of southern Syria, more specifically the It is my pleasure to thank Peter Machinist and Samuel M. Paley whose helpful suggestions I have incorporated into this article. 1. For the original, see H. C. Rawlinson, The Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia (London, 1870),3: pliltes 7-8. 2. F. Delitzsch, Wo lag das Paradies ? (Leipzig, 1881),294; F. Hommel. Geschichte Babylolliells und Assyriells (Berlin, 1885), 609; C. P. Tiele, Babylollisch·assyrische Geschichte (Gotha, 1886). 201; E. Schrader. Sammlung von assyrischen und babylonischen Textell (Berlin, (889), I: 173; R. W. Rogers, A History of Babylollia and Assyria (New York, 1901),77; H. Winckler, The History of Babylonia and Assyria (New York, 1907),220; A. -
King David's City at Khirbet Qeiyafa
King David’s City at Khirbet Qeiyafa: Results of the Second Radiocarbon Dating Project Garfinkel, Y., Streit, K., Ganor, S., & Reimer, P. (2015). King David’s City at Khirbet Qeiyafa: Results of the Second Radiocarbon Dating Project. Radiocarbon, 57(5), 881-890. https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_rc.57.17961 Published in: Radiocarbon Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Publisher rights © The Authors, 2015 This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:02. Oct. 2021 Radiocarbon, Vol 57, Nr 5, 2015, p 881–890 DOI: 10.2458/azu_rc.57.17961 © 2015 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona KING DAVID’S CITY AT KHIRBET QEIYAFA: RESULTS OF THE SECOND RADIOCAR- BON DATING PROJECT Yosef Garfinkel1,2 • Katharina Streit1 • Saar Ganor3 • Paula J Reimer4 ABSTRACT. -
MESHA STELE. Discovered at Dhiban in 1868 by a Protestant Missionary
MESHA STELE. Discovered at Dhiban in 1868 by a Protestant missionary traveling in Transjordan, the 35-line Mesha Inscription (hereafter MI, sometimes called the Moabite Stone) remains the longest-known royal inscription from the Iron Age discovered in the area of greater Palestine. As such, it has been examined repeatedly by scholars and is available in a number of modern translations (ANET, DOTT). Formally, the MI is like other royal inscriptions of a dedicatory nature from the period. Mesha, king of Moab, recounts the favor of Moab's chief deity, Chemosh (Kemosh), in delivering Moab from the control of its neighbor, Israel. While the MI contains considerable historical detail, formal parallels suggest the Moabite king was selective in arranging the sequence of events to serve his main purpose of honoring Chemosh. This purpose is indicated by lines 3-4 of the MI, where Mesha says that he erected the stele at the "high place" in Qarh\oh, which had been built to venerate Chemosh. The date of the MI can be set with a 20-30-year variance. It must have been written either just before the Israelite king Ahab's death (ca. 853/852 B.C.) or a decade or so after his demise. The reference to Ahab is indicated by the reference in line 8 to Omri's "son," or perhaps "sons" (unfortunately, without some additional information, it is impossible to tell morphologically whether the word [bnh] is singular or plural). Ahab apparently died not long after the battle of Qarqar, in the spring of 853, when a coalition of states in S Syria/Palestine, of which Ahab was a leader, faced the encroaching Assyrians under Shalmaneser III. -
"Archaeology and the Reliability of the Bible," Evangel
Alan Millard, “Archaeology and the Reliability of the Bible,” Evangel 9.2 (Summer 1991): 22-25. Archaeology and the Reliability of the Bible Alan Millard Department of Oriental Studies, The University of Liverpool [p.22] The Bible is an old book which makes extraordinary claims. As with any other book, we may ignore it, but once we begin to read it we have to react to it. There are two simple responses to the Bible: to reject it outright, or to accept it completely. There is a third way, the way which many follow whether they are predisposed in favour of the Bible or against it, that is to examine and test its claims. It is here that archaeology can help, as it can help in the evaluation of any book bequeathed to us by antiquity. On the other hand, there should be no doubt that archaeology offers no help in those areas where the Bible moves into a different dimension. It can neither confirm nor deny the Bible’s claims that God parted the sea in front of the tribes of Israel at the Exodus, or that God spoke to Moses and the prophets, or that he raised Jesus alive from the tomb. Such things are beyond the scope of archaeology. What archaeology can do is to bring answers to questions about the accuracy of the Bible in its presentation of ancient ways of life, customs and beliefs, about the history it relates, and about the transmission of its text. Sometimes it can bring information which links directly with a biblical statement, often its evidence is complementary, enlarging the overall scene in which the biblical actions took place. -
Interaction of Aramaeans and Assyrians on the Lower Khabur
Syria Archéologie, art et histoire 86 | 2009 Dossier : Interaction entre Assyriens et Araméens Interaction of Aramaeans and Assyrians on the Lower Khabur Hartmut Kühne Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/syria/509 DOI: 10.4000/syria.509 ISSN: 2076-8435 Publisher IFPO - Institut français du Proche-Orient Printed version Date of publication: 1 November 2009 Number of pages: 43-54 ISBN: 9782351591512 ISSN: 0039-7946 Electronic reference Hartmut Kühne, « Interaction of Aramaeans and Assyrians on the Lower Khabur », Syria [Online], 86 | 2009, Online since 01 July 2016, connection on 22 May 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ syria/509 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/syria.509 © Presses IFPO INTERACTION OF ARAMAEANS AND ASSYRIANS ON THE LOWER KHABUR Hartmut KÜHNE Freie Universität Berlin Résumé – Le modèle centre/périphérie a souvent été utilisé pour expliquer les relations entre Assyriens et Araméens. Il est de plus en plus clair que ce modèle n’est pas apte à rendre compte de l’interaction entre ces deux groupes ethniques. Il convient de se défaire de l’idée de l’influence sur la périphérie et de chercher plutôt les signes des processus d’émulation qui ont lieu entre deux groupes équivalents culturellement et qui s’affrontent dans un territoire sans suprématie politique. Au cours du temps — environ 500 ans, entre 1100 et 600 av. J.-C. —, la situation politique change et avec elle les formes de l’interaction perceptibles au travers des différents traits culturels, illustrés par les objets découverts en fouille. De fait, on doit s’attendre à ce que ces objets reflètent différentes étapes d’émulation et deviennent potentiellement des hybrides, plus ou moins élaborés, ou des transferts plus ou moins profondément modifiés. -
13 Chapter 1548 15/8/07 10:56 Page 243
13 Chapter 1548 15/8/07 10:56 Page 243 13 Neo-Assyrian and Israelite History in the Ninth Century: The Role of Shalmaneser III K. LAWSON YOUNGER, Jr. IN HISTORICAL STUDIES, ONE OF THE COMMON MODES of periodization is the use of centuries. Like any type of periodization, this is intended to be flexi- ble, since obviously every turn of century does not bring about a sudden and radical change in material culture and/or trends in human thought and per- spective. The greatest problem with any periodization—whether based on archaeological periods, kingdoms, dynasties, ages, eras, Neo-Marxist cate- gories (like pre-modern, modern, post-modern)—is generalization. This is often manifested in an unavoidable tendency to emphasize continuity and understate changes within periods, while at the same time emphasizing changes and understating continuity between adjacent periods. In fact, peri- ods are artificial concepts that can lead at times to seeing connections that do not actually exist. They do not usually have neat beginnings and endings. Nevertheless, periodization is necessary to historical analysis and the use of centuries can prove functional in the process of imposing form on the past. In using centuries as a periodization scheme, some modern historians have resorted to the concepts of ‘long’ and ‘short’ centuries to better reflect the periods and their substantive changes. However, in the case of the history of Assyria,1 the ninth century does not accurately reflect periodization, even if long or short century designations are used. Typically, the ninth century has been understood as part of three discernible, yet interconnected, periods, two of which overlap into other centuries (the first with the previous tenth century and the third with the following eighth century) (see e.g. -
A Consultation on the Historicity and Authenticity of the Exodus and Wilderness Traditions in a Post Modern Age Lanier Theological Library January 17-18, 2014
A Consultation on the Historicity and Authenticity of the Exodus and Wilderness Traditions in a Post Modern Age Lanier Theological Library January 17-18, 2014 Friday, January 17, 2014 – All presentations will be in the Stone Chapel 9:20-9:30 Welcome & Introduction 9:30-10:00 Richard S. Hess (Denver Seminary) Onomastics of the Exodus Generation in the Book of Exodus 10:00-10:30 Steven Ortiz (Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary) Pitfalls, Prospects, and Paradigm Shifts: The Archaeology of the Exodus and Conquest 10:30-11:00 James K. Hoffmeier (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School) Some Egyptian Details of the Exodus & Wilderness Traditions 11:00-11:30 Break 11:30-12:00 Alan Millard (University of Liverpool) Moses, Israel’s Tongue-Tied Singer 12:00-12:30 Charles Krahmalkov (University of Michigan) The Real Moses: the Evidence 12:30-2:00 Lunch Break 2:00-2:30 Joshua Berman (Bar Ilan University) The Song of the Sea and the Kadesh Inscriptions of Ramses II 2:30-3:00 Gary Rendsburg (Rutgers University) The Literary Unity of the Exodus Narrative 3:00-3:30 Richard Averbeck (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School) The Exodus and Slave Release Laws 3:30-3:45 Break 3:45-4:15 Thomas W. Davis (Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary) Exodus on the Ground: the Elusive Signature of Nomads in the Sinai 4:15-4:45 Jordi Cervera i Valls (Faculty of Theology of Catalonia, Barcelona) The Copper Snake Episode (Num 21:4-9) in Exegetical, Topographical & Archaeological Contexts 4:45-5:15 K. Lawson Younger, Jr. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School) Recent Developments in Understanding the Origins of the Arameans: Possible Contributions and Implications to Understand Israelite Origins Saturday, January 18, 2014 – All presentations will be in the Stone Chapel 10:00-10:30 Jens Bruun Kofoed (Lutheran School of Theology, Copenhagen) “Tell Your Children and Grandchildren!”: The Exodus as Cultural Memory 10:30-11:00 J. -
Continuity and Change in the Town Planning and Material Culture of Iron Age II and III Mishrifeh, Central Syria
Syria Archéologie, art et histoire 86 | 2009 Dossier : Interaction entre Assyriens et Araméens Continuity and Change in the Town Planning and Material Culture of Iron Age II and III Mishrifeh, Central Syria Daniele Morandi Bonacossi Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/syria/518 DOI: 10.4000/syria.518 ISSN: 2076-8435 Publisher IFPO - Institut français du Proche-Orient Printed version Date of publication: 1 November 2009 Number of pages: 119-132 ISBN: 9782351591512 ISSN: 0039-7946 Electronic reference Daniele Morandi Bonacossi, « Continuity and Change in the Town Planning and Material Culture of Iron Age II and III Mishrifeh, Central Syria », Syria [Online], 86 | 2009, Online since 01 July 2016, connection on 23 May 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/syria/518 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/syria. 518 © Presses IFPO CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN THE TOWN PLANNING AND MATERIAL CULTURE OF IRON AGE II AND III MISHRIFEH, CENTRAL SYRIA* Daniele MORANDI BONACOSSI University of Udine Résumé – Cet article présente les découvertes archéologiques, relatives à l’âge du Fer II-III sur le site de Mishrifeh, faites par la partie italienne de la mission syro-italienne. Les données obtenues au cours de neuf campagnes de fouille seront exposées conjointement aux résultats déjà publiés afin de présenter les différents aspects (urbanisme, architecture résidentielle, activités artisanales et industrielles, pratiques funéraires, organisation administrative, culture matérielle et fonction du site) de Mishrifeh entre le IXe et le milieu du VIe siècle av. J.-C. On abordera ensuite la question des ruptures et des continuités sur cet important site de Syrie centrale au temps des principautés louvito-araméennes et de la domination assyrienne. -
King Solomon's Mines? a Re-Assessment of Finds in the Arabah
Tyndale Bulletin 32 (1981) 123-150. THE TYNDALE BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY LECTURE, 1980 KING SOLOMON'S MINES? A RE-ASSESSMENT OF FINDS IN THE ARABAH By John J. Bimson My aim in this lecture is to reopen the question of the date of copper-mining operations in the southern Arabah. Until the 1960's it was believed, on the basis of Nelson Glueck's investigations, that mining and smelting camps in the Arabah, at Timna and elsewhere, were worked primarily during the time of Solomon and later, from the 10th century to the 6th century BC. In the 1960's, the Arabah Expedition, led by Beno Rothenberg, produced evidence for a much earlier dating. Dr. Rothenberg's book on the excavations at Timna, published in 1972, exploited the popular biblical associations of the site in its title - Timna: Valley of the Biblical Copper Mines - but it actually refuted that title by redating the supposedly Solomonic mining activity to the 14th-12th centuries BC, and affirming: 'There is no evidence whatsoever of any copper mining or smelting activities in the western Arabah later than the twelfth century BC until the renewal of the industry in the Roman period.'1 This paper will question the accuracy of this statement, and will urge greater care in dating the finds from the Arabah. It will indicate various lines of evidence which strongly imply occupation and mining activity between the 10th and 6th centuries BC. I A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DEBATE The Timna Valley lies 30 km due north of modern Elat, on the west side of the southern Arabah. -
Assembling the Iron Age Levant: the Archaeology of Communities, Polities, and Imperial Peripheries
J Archaeol Res (2016) 24:373–420 DOI 10.1007/s10814-016-9093-8 Assembling the Iron Age Levant: The Archaeology of Communities, Polities, and Imperial Peripheries Benjamin W. Porter1 Published online: 5 March 2016 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 Abstract Archaeological research on the Iron Age (1200–500 BC) Levant, a narrow strip of land bounded by the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Desert, has been balkanized into smaller culture historical zones structured by modern national borders and disciplinary schools. One consequence of this division has been an inability to articulate broader research themes that span the wider region. This article reviews scholarly debates over the past two decades and identifies shared research interests in issues such as ethnogenesis, the development of territorial polities, economic intensification, and divergent responses to imperial interventions. The broader contributions that Iron Age Levantine archaeology offers global archaeological inquiry become apparent when the evidence from different corners of the region is assembled. Keywords Empire · Ethnicity · Middle East · State Introduction The Levantine Iron Age (c. 1200–500 BC) was a transformative historical period that began with the decline of Bronze Age societies throughout the Eastern Mediterranean and concluded with the collapse of Babylonian imperial rule at the end of the sixth century BC. Sandwiched between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean Sea on the east and west, and Anatolia and Egypt on the north and south (Figs. 1 and 2), respectively, a patchwork of Levantine societies gradually established political polities, only to see them dismantled and reshaped in the wake & Benjamin W. Porter [email protected] 1 Phoebe A.