Pusher Og Svartur Á Leik Pusher Og Svartur Á Leik Pusher Og Svartur Á Leik

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Pusher Og Svartur Á Leik Pusher Og Svartur Á Leik Pusher Og Svartur Á Leik Hugvísindasvið Pusher og Svartur á leik En komparativ filmanalyse med fokus på beskuerens reception af virkelighedspræsentationen og den realitet filmene udspringer af Ritgerð til B.A.-prófs í dönsku Þorbjörg Erla Sigurðardóttir September 2012 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Danska Pusher og Svartur á leik En komparativ filmanalyse med fokus på beskuerens reception af virkelighedspræsentationen og den realitet filmene udspringer af Ritgerð til B.A.-prófs í dönsku Þorbjörg Erla Sigurðardóttir Kt.: 170967-4969 Leiðbeinandi: Þórhildur Oddsdóttir og Susanne Antoinette Elgum September 2012 Resumé I år havde den islandske film Svartur a leik (2012) premiere og en af den allerstørste islandske publikumsmagnet i islandsk filmhistorie. Filmen tegner et sort billede af Reykjavik’s underverden og skildrer desuden de radikale ændringer som fandt sted i den kriminelle underverden omkring årtusindeskiftet. Svartur a leik siges at være under indflydelse af Pusher (1996) som fik kæmpe succes både i Danmark og udenlands. Filmene anses for at være, hver i sit land „den første realistiske kortlægning af narkotikahandel som foregår i forbrydermiljøet“ men på hver sin måde og fra forskellig synsvinkel. Opgaven går ud på komparativ filmanalyse med hensyn til indhold, stil, miljø og samfund samt den virkelighed filmene har deres rødder og udspringer af. I den første del er der lagt vægt på baggrundsemne som knyttes til filmene, både direkte og indirekte. Dernæst kommer selve filmanalysen hvor fokussen ligger på værkanalysen eller filmens indhold og i kølvandet følger så den filmtekniske analyse. Derefter er filmene sat i et perspektiv i relation til dens virkelighed og samfundsmæssige forhold. Jeg vil endvidere se på hvilke områder filmene adskiller sig, og på hvilke områder de ligner hinanden, og i hvor høj grad vi befinder os i en realistisk verden i filmene. Hvordan kommer den til syne og hvordan holder filmene sig til realismen? Har de overhovedet noget tilfælles? Ágrip Snemma á þessu ári var íslenska kvikmyndin Svartur á leik (2012) frumsýnd - ein langaðsóknarmesta íslenska kvikmyndin frá upphafi. Hún dregur upp ansi dökka mynd af undirheimum Reykjavikur og lýsir jafnframt þeim miklu breytingum sem áttu sér stað í glæpasamfélaginu í kringum aldamótin. Svartur á leik er sðgð vera undir töluverðum áhrifum dönsku kvikmyndarinnar Pusher (1996) sem öðlaðist miklar vinsældir i Danmörku og utan hennar á sínum tíma. Myndirnar eru hvor í sínu landi sagðar vera þær fyrstu sem fjalla á raunsæjan og trúverðugan hátt um eiturlyfjaveröldina í undirheimunum, en þó hvor á sinn hátt og frá ólíku sjónarhorni. Hér er á ferðinni samanburðargreining á kvikmyndunum tveimur með tilliti til innihalds, tæknilegrar úrvinnslu, umhverfisins, samfélagsins og þeim raunveruleika sem myndirnar eru sprottnar upp úr. Í fyrsta hlutanum er lögð áhersla á efni sem tengist kvikmyndunum, ýmist beint eða óbeint. Síðan kemur sjálf kvikmyndagreiningin sem varðar bæði innihald þeirra og tæknihlið. Þar á eftir eru þær settar í samhengi við þann raunveruleika sem þær eiga að vera sprottnar upp úr og reynt ad varpa ljósi á hvort kvikmyndirnar séu trúverðugar - eða ekki og hvernig þá? Endurspegla þær veruleikann og eiga þær eitthvað sameiginlegt? Indholdsfortegnelse 1.1 Indledning.................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Analyse – og fortællermæssige modeller................................................................ 2 1.3 Hvad er en film?.......................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Filmgenrer.................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Realismen i film.......................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Dogme95...................................................................................................................... 7 1.7 Nicolas Winding Refn – biografi, værker og Pusher-trilogiens baggrundshistorie.................................................................. 9 1.8 Alle gode gange tre! Pusher trilogien som helhed............................................... 12 1.9 Pusher 2...................................................................................................................... 14 1.10 Pusher 3...................................................................................................................... 15 1.11 Svartur a leik og dens baggrundshistorie.............................................................. 16 1.12 Filminstruktør Oskar Thor Axelsson......................................................................18 2. Analyse af indhold 2.1 Præsentation...............................................................................................................19 2.2 Handling..................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Sted og miljø............................................................................................................... 21 2.4 Tidsforhold................................................................................................................. 22 2.5 Personer og udvikling............................................................................................... 23 2.6 Identifikation.............................................................................................................. 27 2.7 Konflikt........................................................................................................................ 30 2.8 Vidensniveau............................................................................................................. 31 2.9 Berettermodellen – det dramaturgiske model:..................................................... 32 2.9.1 Anslag............................................................................................................... 33 2.9.2 Præsentation.................................................................................................... 33 2.9.3 Uddybning....................................................................................................... 34 2.9.4 Point of no return............................................................................................ 36 2.9.5 Konflikt............................................................................................................. 36 2.9.6 Klimaks............................................................................................................. 39 2.9.7 Udtoning...........................................................................................................40 2.10 Sammenfatning af værkanalysen............................................................................41 3. Analyse af filmtekniske virkemidler 3.1 Filmtekniske virkemidler.........................................................................................44 3.2 Sammenfatning- filmtekniske virkemidler........................................................... 48 4. Fortolkning og perspektivering 4.1 Temaet og titlen.........................................................................................................48 4.1.1 Tema................................................................................................................. 49 4.1.2 Hvilken betydning har filmens titel?........................................................... 49 4.2 Samfundsmæssige forhold...................................................................................... 51 4.3 Filmen og virkeligheden.......................................................................................... 57 4.4 Sammenfatning – fortolkning og perspektivering...............................................60 5. Konklusion................................................................................................................. 61 Litteraturliste...................................................................................................................... 64 Billag 1-4 1. Filmtekniske virkemidler 2. Fakta- og fiktionskoder 3. Kort over indre Vesterbro 4. Fakta om stoffer 1.1 Indledning Jeg har valgt at fokusere på komparativ analyse med virkeligheden som filmene er blevet til under og hvordan de holder sig til realismen , som udgangspunkt. Valget af disse to film, den danske film Pusher (1996), og den islandske film Svartur á leik (2012) på dansk „Sorts udspil“, er begrundet på at de siges begge to at have deres rødder i realismen, og den status at være de første film som anses for at være, hver i sit land i sin tid „den første realistiske kortlægning af narkotikahandel som foregår i forbrydermiljøet“. Ligeledes har den islandske film været omtalt af både kritikere, og af instruktøren at være under indflydelse af Pusher, og at filmene har en del tilfælles. Handlingen i begge film finder sted i nogenlunde samme tidsperiode eller fra i midten af 1990‘erne, og til omkring årtusindeskiftet. Filmene er lavet med seksten års mellemrum. Svartur á leik er en blanding af fiktion og fakta (faktion), idet den er baseret på virkelige hændelser men Pusher er derimod ikke sammenvævet med faktaen. Derfor skulle vores forventninger til filmene dvs. faktion vs. fiktion være forskellige hvad angår sandhedskrav. I faktagenren er der krav om handlemæssig relevans, og man skal have påstand og oplysninger om virkelige forhold, personer og begivenheder, hvor der
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