Ground-Water Conditions in Utah Spring of 2001 Cooperative Investigations Report No

GROUND-WATER CONDITIONS IN UTAH SPRING OF 2001 COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS REPORT NO. 42

UTAH DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES UTAH DIVISION OF WATER RIGHTS U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GROUND-WATER CONDITIONS IN UTAH, SPRING OF 2001

By C.B. Burden and others U.S. Geological Survey

Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights

Published by the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Resources

Cooperative Investigations Report Number 42 2001

CONTENTS

Introduction ...... 1 Utah's ground-water reservoirs ...... 1 Summary of conditions ...... 4 Major areas of ground-water development ...... 7 Curlew Valley by J.D. Sory...... 7 Cache Valley by M.R. Danner...... 13 East Shore area by M.J. Fisher ...... 18 Salt Lake Valley by P.L. Haraden...... 24 Tooele Valley by T.A. Kenney ...... 32 Utah and Goshen Valleys by M.J. Fisher ...... 38 Juab Valley by R.J. Eacret...... 46 Sevier Desert by Paul Downhour...... 52 Central Sevier Valley by B.A. Slaugh ...... 60 Pahvant Valley by R.L. Swenson ...... 66 Cedar Valley, Iron County by J.H. Howells ...... 72 Parowan Valley by J.H. Howells ...... 78 Escalante Valley Milford area by B.A. Slaugh ...... 84 Beryl-Enterprise area by H.K. Christiansen ...... 90 Central Virgin River area by H.K. Christiansen...... 96 Other areas by M.J. Fisher...... 102 References ...... 120

ILLUSTRATIONS

1. Map showing areas of ground-water development in Utah speciﬁcally referred to in this report .... 2 2. Map of location of wells in Curlew Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001...... 8 3. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Curlew Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Grouse Creek, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells...... 9 4. Map of location of wells in Cache Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 14 5. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Cache Valley to total annual discharge of the Logan River near Logan, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Logan, Utah State University, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (A-13-1)29bcd-1 ...... 15 6. Map of location of wells in the East Shore area in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 19 7. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in the East Shore area to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Ogden Pioneer Powerhouse, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (B-4-2)27aba-1...... 20 8. Map of location of wells in Salt Lake Valley in which the water level was measured during spring 2001...... 25

iii ILLUSTRATIONS—Continued

9. Graphs showing estimated population of Salt Lake County, total annual withdrawal from wells, annual withdrawal for public supply, and average annual precipitation at Salt Lake City Weather Service Ofﬁce (International Airport) ...... 26 10. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells completed in the principal aquifer in Salt Lake Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Silver Lake near Brighton, and relation of water level in well (D-1-1)7abd-6 to concentration of chloride and dissolved solids in water from the well ...... 27 11. Map of location of wells in Tooele Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 33 12. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Tooele Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Tooele and to annual withdrawal from wells ...... 34 13. Map of location of wells in Utah and Goshen Valleys in which the water level was measured during spring 2001 ...... 39 14. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Utah and Goshen Valleys to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Silver Lake near Brighton and Spanish Fork Powerhouse, to total annual withdrawal from wells, to annual withdrawal for public supply, to annual discharge of the Spanish Fork River at Castilla, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from three wells ...... 40 15. Map of location of wells in Juab Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 47 16. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Juab Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Nephi, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (D-13-1)7dbc-1 ...... 47 17. Map of location of wells in the shallow artesian aquifer in part of the Sevier Desert in which the water level was measured during March 2001...... 53 18. Map of location of wells in the deep artesian aquifer in part of the Sevier Desert in which the water level was measured during March 2001...... 54 19. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in the Sevier Desert to annual discharge of the Sevier River near Juab, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Oak City, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-15-4)18daa-1 ...... 55 20. Map of location of wells in central Sevier Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 61 21. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in central Sevier Valley to annual discharge of the Sevier River at Hatch, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Richﬁeld, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-23-2)15dcb-4...... 62 22. Map of location of wells in Pahvant Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 67 23. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Pahvant Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Fillmore, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells ...... 68 24. Map of location of wells in Cedar Valley, Iron County, in which the water level was measured during March 2001...... 73

iv ILLUSTRATIONS—Continued

25. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Cedar Valley, Iron County, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Cedar City Federal Aviation Administration Airport, to annual discharge of Coal Creek near Cedar City, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells ...... 74 26. Map of location of wells in Parowan Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 79 27. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Parowan Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Parowan Power Plant, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-33-8)31ccc-1 ...... 80 28. Map of location of wells in the Milford area in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 85 29. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in the Milford area to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Black Rock, to annual discharge of the Beaver River at Rocky Ford Dam, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-28-11)25dcd-1 ...... 86 30. Map of location of wells in the Beryl-Enterprise area in which the water level was measured during March 2001...... 91 31. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in the Beryl-Enterprise area to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Modena, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-34-16)28dcc-2 ...... 92 32. Map of location of wells in the central Virgin River area in which the water level was measured during February 2001...... 97 33. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in the central Virgin River area to annual discharge of the Virgin River at Virgin, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at St. George, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-41-17)17cba-1...... 98 34. Map of location of wells in Cedar Valley, Utah County, in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 103 35. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Cedar Valley, Utah County, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Fairﬁeld...... 104 36. Map of location of wells in Sanpete Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 ...... 106 37. Graphs showing relation of water level in selected wells in Sanpete Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Manti ...... 107 38. Graphs showing relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas...... 109

TABLES

1. Areas of ground-water development in Utah speciﬁcally referred to in this report...... 3 2. Number of wells constructed and estimated withdrawal of water from wells in Utah ...... 5 3. Total annual withdrawal of water from wells in signiﬁcant areas of ground-water development in Utah, 1990-99 ...... 6

v CONVERSION FACTORS

Multiply By To obtain

acre-foot 1,233. cubic meter foot 0.3048 meter gallon per minute 0.06308 liter per second inch 25.4 millimeter mile 1.609 kilometer square mile 2.590 square kilometer

Chemical concentration is reported only in metric units—milligrams per liter. For concentrations less than 7,000 milligrams per liter, the numerical value is about the same as for concentrations in parts per million. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Acre-foot—The quantity of water required to cover 1 acre to a depth of 1 foot; equal to 43,560 cubic feet or about 326,000 gallons or 1,233 cubic meters. Aquifer—A geologic formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield substantial amounts of water to wells and springs. Artesian—Describes a well in which the water level stands above the top of the aquifer tapped by the well (confined). A flowing artesian well is one in which the water level is above the land surface. Dissolved—Material in a representative water sample that passes through a 0.45–micrometer membrane filter. This is a convenient operational definition used by Federal agencies that collect water data. Determinations of “dissolved” constituents are made on subsamples of the filtrate. Land-surface datum (lsd)—A datum plane that is approximately at land surface at each ground-water observation well. Milligrams per liter—A unit for expressing the concentration of chemical constituents in solution. Milligrams per liter represents the mass of solute per unit volume (liter) of water. Specific conductance—A measure of the ability of water to conduct an electrical current. It is expressed in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. Specific conductance is related to the type and concentration of ions in solution and can be used for approximating the dissolved-solids concentration of the water. Commonly, the concentration of dissolved solids (in milligrams per liter) is about 65 percent of the specific conductance (in microsiemens). This relation is not constant in water from one well or stream to another, and it may vary for the same source with changes in the composition of the water. Cumulative departure from average annual precipitation—A graph of the departure or difference between the average annual precipitation and the value of precipitation for each year, plotted cumulatively. A cumulative plot is generated by adding the departure from average precipitation for the current year to the sum of departure values for all previous years in the period of record. A positive departure, or greater-than-average precipitation, for a year results in a graph segment trending upward; a negative departure results in a graph segment trending downward. A generally downward-trending graph for a period of years represents a period of generally less-than-average precipitation, which commonly causes and corresponds with declining water levels in wells. Likewise, a generally upward-trending graph for a period of years represents a period of greater-than-average precipitation, which commonly causes and corresponds with rising water levels in wells. However, increases or decreases in withdrawals of ground water from wells also affect water levels and can change or eliminate the correlation between water levels in wells and the graph of cumulative departure from average precipitation.

vi WELL-NUMBERING SYSTEM

The well-numbering system used in Utah is based on the Bureau of Land Management’s system of land subdivision. The well-numbering system is familiar to most water users in Utah, and the well number shows the location of the well by quadrant, township, range, section, and position within the section. Well numbers for most of the State are derived from the Salt Lake Base Line and the Salt Lake Meridian. Well numbers for wells located inside the area of the Uintah Base Line and Meridian are designated in the same manner as those based on the Salt Lake Base Line and Meridian, with the addition of the “U” preceding the parentheses. The numbering system is illustrated below.

Sections within a township Tracts within a section R. 6 W. Sec. 8

654321

78910 11 12 b a Well

18 17 16 15 14 13 T. Well 18 S. 19 20 21 22 23 24 b a b a cd 30 29 28 27 26 25 c d

c d 31 32 33 34 35 36

6 miles 1 mile 9.7 kilometers 1.6 kilometers

(C-18-6)8cbb-1

SALT LAKE BASE LINE Salt Lake City B A C D

C D Area of Uintah Base Line and Meridian T. 18 S., R. 6 W. SALT LAKE MERIDIAN SALT

vii viii GROUND-WATER CONDITIONS IN UTAH, SPRING OF 2001

By C.B. Burden and others U.S. Geological Survey

INTRODUCTION Geohydrology and numerical simulation of ground- water flow in the central Virgin River basin of This is the thirty-eighth in a series of annual Iron and Washngton Counties, Utah, by V.M. reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Heilweil, G.W. Freethey, B.J. Stolp, C.D. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the Wilkowske, and D.E. Wilberg, Utah Department U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of of Natural Resources Technical Publication No. Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and 116. Division of Water Rights, provide data to enable inter- Quality of shallow ground water in areas of recent res- ested parties to maintain awareness of changing idential and commercial development in Salt ground-water conditions. Lake Valley, Utah, 1999, by S.A. Thiros, U.S. This report, like the others in the series, contains Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-106-00. information on well construction, ground-water with- Ground-water hydrology of Dugway Proving Ground drawal from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, and surrounding area, Tooele and Juab Counties, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information Utah, by J.I. Steiger and G.W. Freethey, U.S. on well construction included in this report refers only Geological Survey Water-Resources Investiga- to wells constructed for new appropriations of ground tions Report 00-4240. water. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas which are important to a discussion of changing ground-water UTAH’S GROUND-WATER conditions and for which applicable data are available. RESERVOIRS This report includes individual discussions of Small amounts of ground water can be obtained selected significant areas of ground-water development from wells throughout most of Utah, but large amounts in the State for calendar year 2000. Most of the that are of suitable chemical quality for irrigation, pub- reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological lic supply, or industrial use generally can be obtained Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of only in specific areas. The areas of ground-water devel- Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights and Divi- opment discussed in this report are shown in figure 1 sion of Water Resources. and listed in table 1. Relatively few wells outside of The following reports deal with ground water in these areas yield large amounts of ground water of suit- the State and were printed by the U.S. Geological Sur- able chemical quality for the uses listed above, veyorbycooperating agencies from May 2000 through although some of the basins in western Utah and many April 2001: areas in eastern Utah have not been explored suffi- Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2000, by ciently to determine their potential for ground-water C.B. Burden, and others, Utah Division of Water development. Resources Cooperative Investigations Report No. About 2 percent of the wells in Utah yield water 41. from consolidated rock. Consolidated rocks that yield Analysis of nitrate and volatile organic compound data the most water are lava flows, such as basalt, which for ground water in the Great Salt Lake Basins, contain interconnected vesicular openings, fractures, or Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming, 1980-98, by S.A. permeable weathered zones at the tops of flows; lime- Thiros, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources stone, which contains fractures or other openings Investigations Report 00-4043. enlarged by solution; and sandstone, which contains

1 114° 113° 112° 42° 42° 5 6 EXPLANATION 3 Numbers refer to table 1 2 31 27 Logan Randolph Area of significant Area of less 4 7 ground-water significant ground- 1 CACHE development water development G Brigham City r (tables 1, 2, and 3) (table 1) eat Salt Lake RICH 0 20 40 60 MILES WEBER 8 BOX ELDER 9 Ogden 02040 60 KILOMETERS Weber R Morgan Flaming Gorge 111° 110° Reservoir 41° DAVIS 41° Farmington Manila MORGANCoalville SUMMIT DAGGETT

10 Salt Lake City River U Lake 12 SALT 11 inta UINTAH

Tooele dan 17 LAKE D R Jor Heber u ive c Vernal h r e s F WASATCH n ork 19 T OOELE e 14 13 18 15 Utah Provo Lake River

Duchesne W 16 hite 40° DUCHESNE River 40° UTAH

Nephi JUAB CARBON

iver 21 Price R 20 24 P ric 25 e SANPETE Riv Delta er Manti Castle Dale MILLARD San R EMERY GRAND afa el 39° Sevier 23 Green 39° Lake R iv Fillmore 22 e r River M Richfield ud dy SEVIER C re er e er vi k iv e R Moab S

BEAVER Loa 29 Milford D PIUTE River ir Beaver 36 Fremont ty 27 Junction D Colorado 26 e v WAYNE i l

R i v e 38° 35 r 38° Monticello 28 IRON 31 GARFIELD Panguitch 33 Parowan Escalante R Cedar iv e r SAN JUAN 30 32 City Blanding

Powell

Paria WASHINGTON KANE Lake San Juan er River Riv Bluff

gin R Vir iv St. George Kanab er 37° 34 37° 114° 113° 112° 111° 110°

Figure 1. Areas of ground-water development in Utah speciﬁcally referred to in this report.

2 Table 1. Areas of ground-water development in Utah speciﬁcally referred to in this report

Number in Area Principal types ﬁgure 1 of water-bearing rocks

1 Grouse Creek Valley Unconsolidated. 2Park Valley Do. 3 Curlew Valley Unconsolidated and consolidated. 4Malad-lower Bear River Valley Unconsolidated. 5 Cache Valley Do. 6 Bear Lake Valley Do. 7 Upper Bear River Valley Do. 8 Ogden Valley Do. 9 East Shore area Do. 10 Salt Lake Valley Do. 11 Park City area Unconsolidated and consolidated. 12 Tooele Valley Unconsolidated. 13 Rush Valley Do. 14 Dugway area Do. Skull Valley Do. Old River Bed Do. 15 Cedar Valley, Utah County Do. 16 Utah and Goshen Valleys Do. 17 Heber Valley Do. 18 Duchesne River area Unconsolidated and consolidated. 19 Vernal area Do. 20 Sanpete Valley Do. 21 Juab Valley Unconsolidated. 22 Central Sevier Valley Do. 23 Pahvant Valley Unconsolidated and consolidated. 24 Sevier Desert Unconsolidated. 25 Snake Valley Do. 26 Milford area Do. 27 Beaver Valley Do. 28 Monticello area Consolidated. 29 Spanish Valley Unconsolidated and consolidated. 30 Blanding area Consolidated. 31 Parowan Valley Unconsolidated and consolidated. 32 Cedar Valley, Iron County Unconsolidated. 33 Beryl-Enterprise area Do. 34 Central Virgin River area Unconsolidated and consolidated. 35 Upper Sevier Valleys Unconsolidated. 36 Upper Fremont River Valley Unconsolidated and consolidated.

3 open fractures. Most of the wells that penetrate consol- Withdrawal for domestic and stock use was about idated rock are in the eastern and southern parts of the 65,000 acre-feet, which is about 3,000 acre-feet less State in areas where water cannot be obtained readily than in 1999. from unconsolidated deposits. Ground-water withdrawal increased from 1999 About 98 percent of the wells in Utah yield water to 2000 in 14 of the 16 areas of ground-water develop- from unconsolidated deposits. These deposits may ment discussed in this report (table 2). Withdrawal in consist of boulders, gravel, sand, silt, or clay, or a mix- “other areas” increased about 34,000 acre-feet, the larg- ture of some or all of these materials. The largest yields est increase among the areas (ﬁg. 1). The 2000 with- are obtained from coarse materials that are sorted into drawal was more than the average annual withdrawals for 1990-99 in 11 of the 16 areas (tables 2 and 3). deposits of uniform grain size. Most wells that yield water from unconsolidated deposits are in large inter- The amount of water withdrawn from wells is mountain basins that have been partly ﬁlled with rock related to demand and availability of water from other material eroded from the adjacent mountains. sources, which, in turn, are partly related to local climatic conditions. Precipitation during calendar year 2000 at 18 of 29 weather stations included in this report SUMMARY OF CONDITIONS (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2000), was greater than the long-term average. The The total estimated withdrawal of water from greatest increase in precipitation from average in 2000 wells in Utah during 2000 was about 941,000 acre-feet was the 3.53 inches recorded at Oak City, and the great- (table 2), which is about 136,000 acre-feet more than est decrease in precipitation from average was the 5.07 the revised total for 1999 and 98,000 acre-feet more inches recorded at Logan Utah State University, in than the 1990-99 average annual withdrawal (table 3). northeastern Utah. The increase in withdrawals mostly resulted from A total of 762 wells were constructed for new increased irrigation and public supply usage. The total appropriations of ground water in 2000, as determined estimated withdrawal for irrigation was about 511,000 by the Utah Division of Water Rights (table 2). This is acre-feet (table 2), which is 67,000 acre-feet more than 38 more wells than was reported for 1999. In 2000, 151 in 1999. Withdrawal for industrial use increased about large-diameter wells (12 inches or more) were con- 5,000 acre-feet to about 78,000 acre-feet. Withdrawal structed for new appropriations of ground water (table for public supply was about 287,000 acre-feet (table 2), 2). These are principally for withdrawal of water for which is about 67,000 acre-feet more than in 1999. public supply, irrigation, and industrial use.

4 29,000 24,000 61,000 21,000 32,000 26,000 41,000 79,000 4 this series. 126,000 110,000 805,000 (rounded) 1999 Total f 4 4 1o otal T 41,000 30,000 60,000 24,000 36,000 30,000 49,000 84,000 145,000 (rounded) 100 800 300 270 830 2,000 5,000 1,100 stock 25,000 Domestic and 1 90 180 730 400 27,000 14,000 630 4,500 7,100 1,200 2000 5,6 10,200 33,100 93,800 Public supply 1 0 0 30 Estimated withdrawal from wells (acre-feet) from Estimated withdrawal 440 540 920 100 80,000 76,000 8 7,200 3,500 7,900 1,800 23,400 10 11 2 8,300 80 4,100 980 13,000 20,000 2,200 40,600 10,300 18,600 17,600 28,500 30,000 39,600 81,100 3 9 Irrigation Industry 0 1 7 6 5 3 1 1 7 12 12 11 more Diameter of 12 inches or 3 8 5 2 55 14 35 39 18 19 7 456 81 68,500 24,200 40,000 7,300 140,000 106,000 otal Number of wells T constructed in 2000 3 5 9 10 12 32 31 26 33 ﬁgure 1 Number in Area 12,13 Number of wells constructed and estimated withdrawal of water from wells in Utah from wells of water constructedNumber of wells and estimated withdrawal 1999 total: From Burden, and others (2000, table 2). le 2. Withdrawal for geothermal power generation. About 99 percent was injected back into the aquifer. Withdrawal totals are estimated minimum. See “Other areas” section of this report for withdrawal estimates other areas. Includes withdrawals for upper Sevier Valley and upper Fremont River Valley that were included with central Sevier Valley in reports prior to number 3 Includes 1,440 acre-feet used for heating greenhouses. About 95 percent was injected back into the aquifer. ahvant Valleyahvant 23 7 1 78,800 arowan Valley arowan otal (rounded) 762 151 511,000 78,000 287,000 65,000 941,000 ooele Valley uab Valley 21 5 1 25,300 190 Data provided by Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division Water Rights. Includes some use for air conditioning, about 2,800 acre-feet. About 70 percent was injected back into the aquifer. Includes some domestic and stock use. Revised. Includes some industrial use. Previously included some springs. Includes wells constructed in upper Sevier Valley and Fremont River Valley. Withdrawal for geothermal power generation. About 85 percent was injected back into the aquifer. Includes some stock use. P T J Curlew Valley Curlew Cache Valley East Shore area Valley Salt Lake T Iron County Cedar Valley, P Escalante Valley area Milford Beryl-Enterprise area 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Utah and Goshen Valleys 16 82 area Virgin River Central Other areas 5 34 48,700 4,800 4 59,100 3 19,600 132,000 4,900 150 29,900 250 35,000 28,000 Sevier DesertSevier Valley Sevier Central 22 24 10 2 8,300 4,000 1,600 1,200 15,000 12,000 Estimated withdrawal from wells— Tab

5 36 27 60 26 33 28 49 80 130 verage a (rounded) 29 24 61 21 32 26 41 79 1 126 110 106 805 843 1 1 29 26 56 19 36 28 41 74 1 122 746 1 36 25 62 25 34 25 52 81 123 39 24 57 23 35 29 52 92 138 31 23 53 26 31 24 48 70 120 41 31 60 31 34 30 61 86 142 Thousands of acre-feet 1990-99 35 23 56 22 33 28 50 78 116 44 36 59 30 34 31 42 72 138 37 29 68 30 34 32 54 79 135 43 32 65 33 31 48 86 30 143 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 3 5 9 10 12 32 31 26 22 18 18 33 19 19 20 20 21 20 20 20 20 Number in figure 1 2 Area otal annual withdrawal of water from wells in significant areas of ground-water development in Utah, 1990-99 development in significant areas of ground-water from wells of water withdrawal otal annual T le 3. ahvant Valleyahvant 23 88 74 86 87 93 69 83 67 66 76 79 arowan Valley arowan otal 940 899 928 794 933 735 858 803 ooele Valley uab Valley 21 27 25 29 20 26 13 19 15 12 14 20 Revised. Valleys. River and upper Fremont Prior to 1991, included upper Sevier P J DesertSevier Valley Sevier Central 24 34 34 33 31 37 18 17 17 12 12 24 Curlew Valley Curlew Cache Valley East Shore area Valley Salt Lake T Iron County Cedar Valley, P Escalante Valley area Milford Beryl-Enterprise area 1 2 Utah and Goshen Valleys 16 129 124 141 area Virgin River Central Other areasT 89 34 114 22 77 15 99 14 111 96 13 111 86 14 120 15 94 113 17 97 18 113 20 107 28 99 18 106 107 [From previous reports of this series] Tab

6 MAJOR AREAS OF GROUND-WATER DEVELOPMENT

CURLEW VALLEY acre-feet more than the average annual withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). The increase resulted from the By J.D. Sory need for more water for irrigation. The location of wells in Curlew Valley in which The Curlew Valley drainage basin extends across the water level was measured during March 2001 is the Utah-Idaho State line between latitude 40o41' and shown in figure 2. The relation of the water level in se- 42o30' north and longitude 112o30' and 113o20' west, lected observation wells to cumulative departure from and covers about 1,200 square miles. The valley is average annual precipitation at Grouse Creek, to annual bounded on the west, north, and east by mountain rang- withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dis- es that range in altitude from about 6,500 to nearly solved solids in water from selected wells is shown in 10,000 feet and is open to the south, where it drains into figure 3. Great Salt Lake. Water levels generally declined from March 1999 The Utah part of Curlew Valley (Utah subbasin) to March 2001 in Curlew Valley. Water levels general- covers about 550 square miles. It is an arid to semiarid, ly rose from 1982 to 1987, a period of much-greater- largely uninhabited area, with a community center at than-average precipitation, generally declined from Snowville. Average annual precipitation in the Utah 1987 to 1997, and generally rose slightly from 1997 to subbasin is less than 8 inches on part of the valley floor 1999. The decline in water level in the northern part of and reaches a maximum that exceeds 35 inches on one the valley probably resulted from an increase in with- of the highest mountain peaks. drawal for irrigation. The principal source of water in the Utah subbasin Precipitation at Grouse Creek in 2000 was 11.46 is the ground-water reservoir. Confined aquifers in al- inches, which is 2.74 inches more than in 1999 and 0.24 luvial and lacustrine deposits and intercalated volcanic inch more than the average annual precipitation for rocks in the valley fill yield several hundred to several 1959-2000. thousand gallons of water per minute to individual The concentrations of dissolved solids in water large-diameter irrigation wells west of Snowville and from well (B-14-9)5bbb-1, west of Snowville, and well near Kelton. (B-12-11)4bcc-1, north of Kelton, generally have in- Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in creased since 1972. These increases may be a result of Curlew Valley in 2000 was about 41,000 acre-feet, recharge from unconsumed irrigation water in which which is 12,000 more than reported for 1999 and 5,000 dissolved solids are concentrated by evaporation.

7 8 113°00' 112°45' 42°00' IDAHO UTAH SAWTOOTH NATIONAL FOREST 84 T. 15 N. 42 9

Curlew Junction Snowville Cedar Creek 30s 8 7 D eep 10 Creek 30 Pilot Spring

Emigrant Spring T. 14 N. Crystal Spring

V A L L E Y

C U R L E W

6 4 BLACK BUTTE Tenm ile S

AIN Creek T CEDAR N T. 13 N. HILL U O WILDCAT HILLS M 30

5 2 R. 8 W.

eek r C

HANSEL 3 Deep T. 12 N.

41°45' Kelton 1 EXPLANATION Locomotive Springs Mud flats

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits West Lake R. 11 W. Observation well East Lake T. 11 N. 1 Observation well with corresponding R. 10 W. R. 9 W. hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

Figure 2. Location of wells in Curlew Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001. 23 1 G (B-12-9)30cda-1 G G G 24 G G GG G G G G G 25 GG G G G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G

26 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

130 2 (B-12-11)5bbb-1 140 G

150 G G G G G GG G G No record GGG GG G G GG G G 160 G G G G G WATER LEVEL, G G G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G

170 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

5 3 (B-12-11)16cdc-1

G 10 G G G GGG G G G G G G G G GG G G GGG 15 G GG G G G G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, No record IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

117 4 (B-13-10)11dcd-1 G 118 G GG GG G G G G G 119 G

GG 120 G G G G G G G G G GG

WATER LEVEL, 121 G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

122 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 3. Relation of water level in selected wells in Curlew Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Grouse Creek, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells.

9 84 G G 5 (B-13-10)34ddc-1 G 85 G G G G 86

G G G GG GG GG 87 G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

88 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

249 6 G (B-13-11)10cdc-1 G GG 250 GG G G G 251 G G G G G G G G GG 252 G G G 253 G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 254 G 255 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150 7 GGGG 160 (B-14-9)7bbb-1 G G G GG G 170 G GGGG No record GG G G G G G 180 GG G G G G GG G 190 GG GGG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 200 G 210 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

160 8 G (B-14-9)9add-1 G G G G G

165 G GG G GG GGG GG G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 170 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 50 9 (B-14-10)5bba-1

G G G 55 G G G G G G G G GG 60 G GG G G G G G G GG WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G GG G

65 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

210 10 GG (B-14-10)15bbc-1 G G G 215 G

G G G

G G G 220 G G G G GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 225 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

11 + 20 Precipitation total for Grouse Creek June 2000 was estimated + 10 1959-2000 average annual precipitation 11.22 inches

0 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -10

-20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1963-2000 average annual withdrawal 25,700 acre-feet

25 WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

5,000 E

E Sum of determined constituents 4,000 D Calculated from specific conductance

3,000

No record D E

2,000 D D E (B-12-11)4bcc-1 D D E DE E 4 miles north of Kelton

DISSOLVED SOLIDS, D DD Not sampled in 1998, 1999 CONCENTRATION OF 1,000 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

600 D D DDD E E Sum of determined constituents

D Calculated from specific conductance E 500 D E E D

E EDD 400 E E E D (B-14-9)5bbb-1 D 10 miles west of Snowville D

DISSOLVED SOLIDS, E CONCENTRATION OF 300 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

12 CACHE VALLEY withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (A-13-1)29bcd-1 is By M.R. Danner shown in figure 5. Water levels in most observation wells generally declined from March 1999 to March Cache Valley, as referred to in this report, covers 2001 as a result of less-than-average precipitation. Wa- about 450 square miles in Utah. Ground water occurs in ter levels generally rose from about 1980 to 1985, cor- unconsolidated deposits in the valley, under both wa- responding to a period of greater-than-average ter-table and artesian conditions. Recharge to the precipitation, generally declined from 1985 to 1990, ground-water system occurs principally at the margins and generally have risen or remained stable from 1990 of the valley, and ground water moves toward the cen- to 1999. ter of the valley and toward a point of discharge near Cache Junction. Total discharge of the Logan River (combined Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in flow from the Logan River above State Dam, near Lo- Cache Valley in 2000 was about 30,000 acre-feet, gan, and Logan, Hyde Park, and Smithfield Canal at which is about 6,000 acre-feet more than was reported Head, near Logan) during 2000 was about 132,700 for 1999 and 3,000 acre-feet more than the average an- acre-feet, which is 120,900 acre-feet less than 1999 and nual withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). The in- 51,400 acre-feet less than the 1941-2000 average annu- crease in withdrawals mostly resulted from increased al discharge. public supply use. The location of wells in Cache Valley in which the Precipitation at Logan, Utah State University, was water level was measured during March 2001 is shown 13.64 inches in 2000. This is 2.24 inches less than for in figure 4. The relation of the water level in selected 1999 and 5.07 inches less than the average annual pre- wells to total annual discharge of the Logan River near cipitation for 1941-2000. The concentration of dis- Logan, to cumulative departure from average annual solved solids in water from well (A-13-1)29bcd-1 precipitation at Logan, Utah State University, to annual fluctuatedduring1970-2000withnoapparenttrend.

13 EXPLANATION 112°00' 111°52'30'' IDAHO 42°00' Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits 8 UTAH Observation well

Cache 61 CornishCornish Lewiston 7 Observation well with corresponding er hydrograph—Number refers to

23 Riv Canal hydrograph in figure 5 7 T. 14 N. B ear ub C C A Clarkston Richmond C B H O E X C E O LD U N E T R Y C 142 O 6 U GE N N

T A

Y R Newton R iv T. 13 N. e r 218 5 r Smithfield e iv R Cache ear B Jct. Cutler Reservoir Hyde Park

R. 2 W. 4 UNION PACIFIC

UNION PACIFIC IV R 89 91 T. 12 N.

41°45' 3 Logan

23 Logan 30

River

Mendon L ittle Providence

B ea

LL r S 89 101 T. 11 N. VIL River 91

E B 1

Wellsville 2 Hyrum

BOX ELDER COUNTY CACHE COUNTY Hyrum Reservoir

M T. 10 N. OUN L ittle 165

TA Bear IN Paradise

R. 1 W.

River

T. 9 N. 41°30'

R. 1 E. 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

Figure 4. Location of wells in Cache Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

14 110 1 G (A-11-1)27cdc-1 G GG GG G G G G GG GG G 120 GG G G G G GG G G GG GG G 130 G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 140 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

15 2 G G (B-11-1)35cca-1 G

10 GG

GG G G G G G 5 G G G G GGG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 3

(A-12-1)29cab-1 G G G 20 GG G GG G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G GG G GG G G 15 G G G GG GG G G 10 WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

5 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 4 (B-12-1)8cdb-2 15 G G G G G G G G G G G G G 10 G G G G G G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G G G GG G G GGG G GG G G G G 5 No record G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 5. Relation of water level in selected wells in Cache Valley to total annual discharge of the Logan River near Logan, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Logan, Utah State University, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (A-13-1)29bcd-1.

15 0 G G G GG 5 G G G G G GG GGG G GGG G 5 G G GGG G No record G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 10 G G G G G G

15 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (A-13-1)29adc-1 20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

3 6 (B-13-1)10bba-1 GG 4 GG No record G G G G G G GG GG G G 5 G G G G GGGGG

G 6 WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

7 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+15 7 (A-14-1)22bad-1 G +10 G G G G G G G G G GG G G + G G 5 G G G G G G GG G G G G GGG G G G G No record G GG G G G G G G G G G 0 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -5 BELOW(-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

7 8 G G (B-15-1)34ccc-1 G G 8 G G G G G G G G G G G G 9 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G 10 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

11 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

16 400 Logan River 2.5 miles east of Logan 300 1941-2000 average annual discharge 184,100 acre-feet

200 DISCHARGE, OF ACRE-FEET

IN THOUSANDS 100

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+25

IN INCHES -25 CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, Logan, Utah State University 1941-2000 average annual precipitation 18.71 inches -50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 1963-2000 average annual withdrawal 26,600 acre-feet

WITHDRAWAL, 10 OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

275 (A-13-1)29bcd-1 D E 1.5 miles west of Smithfield D D D E E ED E DDD ED D D D C E E D 250 D D E Sum of determined constituents D C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius D D Calculated from specific conductance DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 225 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

17 EAST SHORE AREA acre-feet to 3,500 acre-feet, and irrigation withdrawal decreased by about 5,700 acre-feet to 18,600 acre-feet from 1999 to 2000. By M.J. Fisher The location of wells in the East Shore area in which the water level was measured during March The East Shore area is in north-central Utah be- 2001 is shown in figure 6. The relation of the water lev- tween the Wasatch Range and Great Salt Lake. Ground el in selected observation wells to cumulative departure water occurs in unconsolidated deposits under both wa- from average annual precipitation at Ogden Pioneer ter-table and artesian conditions, but most of the water Powerhouse, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to is withdrawn by wells from the artesian aquifers. Wa- concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (B- ter enters the artesian aquifers along the east edge of the 4-2)27aba-1 is shown in figure 7. Water levels in the Weber Delta and Bountiful area and generally moves southern part of the East Shore area generally declined westward toward Great Salt Lake. from 1984 to 1989 and generally have risen since 1989, Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in although levels generally declined from March 1999 to the East Shore area in 2000 was about 60,000 acre-feet, March 2001. Water levels in the western part of the which is 1,000 acre-feet less than was reported for 1999 East Shore area generally have declined since the and the same as the average annual withdrawal for 1950s. Declines probably resulted from continued large 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). The decrease in withdrawals withdrawal for public supply. Precipitation at the Og- mostly resulted from decreased withdrawals for irriga- den Pioneer Powerhouse in 2000 was 19.57 inches, tion. Withdrawal for public supply was about 33,100 which is 2.25 inches less than the average annual pre- acre-feet, which is about 5,400 acre-feet more than in cipitation for 1937-2000, and 0.86 inch more than in 1999. Industrial withdrawal decreased by about 300 1999.

18 112°00' EXPLANATION

12 Willard T. 8 N. Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

Observation well 11 ° Observation well with corresponding 112 15' hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 7 BOX ELDER COUNTY T. 7 N. WEBER COUNTY 15 11

Plain City North 89 Ogden 9

iver R West Warren iver ° 41 15' Ogden R T. 6 N. 10

eber

W 40 OOGDENGDEN 84 W

A R. 3 W. S A

Roy M O 97 R Hooper W G eber T. 5 N. 84 AN Sunset River WEBER COUNTY CO DAVIS COUNTY Hill Air Force U 8 Base N T

Y West Point Clearfield GREAT Syracuse

7 T. 4 N. 6 Layton 109 89 Kaysville

RANGE R. 2 W. 4 SALT 5 41°00'

T. 3 N. Farmington

15 M LAKE O RG

Centerville A N C T. 2 N. J O o UN r d 3 Bountiful a T n Y

River 1 Woods Cross 2 DAVIS COUNTY T. 1 N. SALT LAKE COUNTY

R. 1 W. R. 1 E.

0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

Figure 6. Location of wells in the East Shore area in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

19 40 1 G G G G G G GGG GG G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G 30 G G G G G GG G G G G G G GGG G G G G G G G GG G G G GG G 20 (No record) G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE (B-2-1)27ddd-4

10 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

110 2 (A-2-1)31cca-1 G G G 120 G GG G G G G G GG G GG G G G GGG G G GG G GG G G G G G G G 130 G G G G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G 140 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 3 G G GG G G G GG G 25 G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G 20 G G G G G G G G G G G GG G 15 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE (B-2-1)24bad-10 G G G 10 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150 4 G GG 160 (B-3-1)1bbc-1 G GG G G G G G G G G 170 G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G 180 G GG G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, 190 G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G GG 200 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 7. Relation of water level in selected wells in the East Shore area to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Ogden Pioneer Powerhouse, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (B-4-2)27aba-1.

20 10 5 G G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G G G GG GG G G G G G G G G G G GG GG G G G 15 G G G G G G GGG G G G GG GG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (B-3-1)15aab-1 G 20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 25 6 G G G G G G GG 0 GG GGGG G G GG G G G GGGGGG GG GG G G G G G -25 G G G GG G G G GG GGG G GG GG G -50 G WATER LEVEL, (B-4-1)30bba-1

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -75 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

75 7

(B-4-2)20ada-1 G G G GGG G G 50 GGG GG GGGGGGG G G G G G G GG GGG GG G 25 G G G GG GG G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

G 0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 8

G G (B-5-2)33ddc-1 GG G 50 G G GGG GGG GGGGG GG GGG G G G G G G G G G G G GGG G GG GG 100 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 150 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

21 50 9 GG (B-6-2)5acb-2 GG 40 G GG GG 30 G G GG GG GGG G 20 G GGG GG G GG GGG GG G G GG GGG GG G G

WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE 10 G

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 25 10 G G G G GG GG GG G G G G G G G G GG GGGGGGGGG 0 G G G GG G G G G G LAND SURFACE G G ) G G - G G

( G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, (B-6-2)26ada-1 G G

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -25 BELOW 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 11 GG G 20 G G GG GG G G GGGG 15 G G G G G G G G G G G G G 10 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE

LAND SURFACE 5 G (B-7-1)30dca-1 GG 0 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 12 G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G G G G G G GG G G G GG G G G G G G GG G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G 50 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (B-8-2)23cdb-1 60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

22 + 20

-20

IN INCHES Ogden Pioneer Powerhouse CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -40 1937-2000 average annual precipitation 21.82 inches -60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

100

75 1963-2000 average annual withdrawal 51,300 acre-feet

25 WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

800

E Sum of determined constituents D Calculated from specific conductance E 600 E E E E E DE

D D E D D E E E E 400 E D E D D DD (B-4-2)27aba-1 E ED E

2.3 miles south-southeast of Syracuse E DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 200 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

23 SALT LAKE VALLEY County, total annual withdrawal from wells, annual withdrawal for public supply, and average annual pre- By P.L. Haraden cipitation at Salt Lake City Weather Service Office (WSO) (International Airport) are shown in figure 9. Salt Lake Valley covers about 400 square miles in Precipitation at Salt Lake City WSO during 2000 was the lowlands of Salt Lake County. Ground water occurs 16.26 inches, 3.37 inches more than in 1999, and 0.96 in unconsolidated deposits in the valley under water-ta- inch more than the average annual precipitation for ble and artesian conditions. Recharge to the aquifers is 1931-2000. from the mountains that border the valley. In the south- The relation of the water level in selected wells ern two-thirds of the western half of the valley, ground completed in the principal aquifer to cumulative depar- water moves from the base of the Oquirrh Mountains ture from average annual precipitation at Silver Lake eastward toward the Jordan River. In the northern one- near Brighton, and the relation of the water level in well third of the western half of the valley, the direction of (D-1-1)7abd-6 to concentration of chloride and dis- movement is mostly toward Great Salt Lake. In the solved solids in water from the well are shown in figure eastern half of the valley, ground water moves west- 10. Precipitation at Silver Lake near Brighton was ward from the base of the Wasatch Range toward the 39.90 inches in 2000, which is the same as in 1999 and Jordan River. The Jordan River drains both surface wa- 2.89 inches less than the average annual precipitation ter and ground water from the valley. for 1931-2000. Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in Water levels generally declined from spring 2000 Salt Lake Valley in 2000 was about 145,000 acre-feet, to spring 2001 in most of the observation wells in the which is 19,000 acre-feet more than in 1999 and about principal aquifer of the Salt Lake Valley. The water 15,000 acre-feet more than the average annual with- level in most of the observation wells was highest dur- drawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). Withdrawal for ing 1985-87, which corresponds to a period of much- public supply was about 93,800 acre-feet, which is greater-than-average precipitation during 1982-86. 21,100 acre-feet more than was reported in 1999. With- Levels have generally declined since 1987. drawal for industrial use was about 23,400 acre-feet, The chloride concentration from well (D-1-1) which is 1,200 acre-feet less than was reported for 7abd-6 (located in Artesian Well Park in Salt Lake 1999. City) was 150 milligrams per liter in July 2000; this is The location of wells in Salt Lake Valley in which the same as was reported in 1999. Chloride and dis- the water level was measured during spring 2001 is solved-solids concentration at this well have steadily shown in figure 8. Estimated population of Salt Lake increased since the 1960s.

24 EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

112 00' Observation well °

3 Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 10 T. 2 N.

TY N TY N OU U C O C AVIS D KE LA LT SA

T. 1 N.

E 2 E

112°15' 1 R 80 REAT SALT LAK G Salt Lake 186

40°45' iver City R 13 4 TAILINGS POND 3 5 201 T. 1 S.

Magna 215 15

SALT LAKE COUNTY Holladay T Murray OOELE COUNTY 8 Kearns 111 215 T. 2 S.

UNTAINS

M 7 68 Midvale

Sandy 48 209 10 89

H 9 R T. 3 S.

UIR

Lark Jordan Draper ASATCH

111 71 W Herriman Riverton

40°30' 12 11

T. 4 S. SALT LAKE COUNTY UTAH COUNTY R. 1 E. R. 3 W. S TAIN UN O R. 2 W. TRA M VERSE 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS R. 1 W.

Figure 8. Location of wells in Salt Lake Valley in which the water level was measured during spring 2001.

25 26 supply, andaverageannualprecipitation atSaltLakeCityWeatherServiceOffice(International Airport). Figure 9. WITHDRAWAL, ESTIMATED PRECIPITATION, IN THOUSANDS POPULATION,

IN INCHES 1,000 EstimatedpopulationofSalt LakeCounty,totalannualwithdrawalfromwells, forpublic 100 200

OF ACRE-FEET IN250 THOUSANDS500 750 10 20 30 0 0 0

1930 1930 1930 1931-2000 averageannualprecipitation15.30inches Salt LakeCityWeatherServiceOffice(InternationalAirport) No record Public supplywithdrawal p 1963-2000 averageannualwithdrawalfor 1931-2000 totalaverageannualwithdrawal94,800acre-feet Total annualwithdrawal 1935 1935 ublic su 1935 pp l 1940 1940 y 1940 59,300acre-feet

1945 1945 1945

1950 1950 1950

1955 1955 1955

1960 1960 1960

1965 1965 1965

1970 1970 1970

1975 1975 1975

1980 1980 1980

1985 1985 1985

1990 1990 1990

1995 1995 1995

2000 2000 2000

2005 2005 2005 130 G 1 G GG G G G G G G G G 140 G G G G G G G G G G G G GG 150 G G G Measured in G G GG G GG April 2001 G 160 G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 170 (A-1-1)31cac-1 G No record 180 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

15 2 GG GG GG G G GG (B-1-2)28cad-1 GG G G G G GG G GG GGG G G GG 10 G G G G 5 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET ABOVE G LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 3

(D-1-1)16caa-1 G G G 50 G G G G G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G G G G GG G G GGG G G G G G G G GGG G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G 60 G GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 70 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 10. Relation of water level in selected wells completed in the principal aquifer in Salt Lake Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Silver Lake near Brighton, and relation of water level in well (D-1-1)7abd-6 to concentration of chloride and dissolved solids in water from the well.

27 20 4

(C-1-1)15bdd-11 GG G G G 15 GG G GG G G GG G G GG GG G G G G 10 G G G G

G G G No record G G G G G 5 G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

G 7 GG 5 G G G GG (C-1-2)22bdd-4 G 6 G G G G G G G G G G GG 5 G G G G G G No record G

4 G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE GG GG GG 3 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

50 6 G G (D-2-1)21bca-1 G G G G 60 G G Not G G measured in 2000 or 2001 70 G G G G G G G GG 80 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 90 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 7 GG GG G GG G G G GGGG 30 G G GG GG GG No record GGG G GGG G 40 GG G G G G G G G G G G 50 G G

WATER LEVEL, (C-2-1)24adc-1 IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE Measured in April 2001 60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

28 70 G 8 GG

(C-2-2)9bdb-1 G G G G GG 80 G G G G G G G G G GG G G GG G G G GG GG 90 G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE Measured in April 2001 100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

65 9 G GG G (D-3-1)18cba-1 G GG 70 G G GGG GGG G G G G G G GG 75 G G G GG G GG 80 G G G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 85

90 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150 10 G G (C-3-1)9ccc-1 G G 160 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G 170 G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

G 180 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

29 15 11 G G G 20 (C-4-1)3bad-1 G G G 25 GG G G

G G 30 G GG WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 35 GG GG 40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

50 G G 12 G G 60 (C-4-2)1bbb-1 G G

G G 70 GGG G G G G GG GG G G 80 G G G G G G G G G GG WATER LEVEL, 90 G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 + 50 Silver Lake near Brighton 1931-2000 average annual precipitation 42.79 inches 0

IN INCHES -50 CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

15 13 G G G (D-1-1)7abd-6 G G G G G G G G G G G G 1.3 miles south-southeast of center of Salt Lake City G G G G GG G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G 10 GGG G G G G GG G G GG G G GG G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G GG G G G G G G G G G GG G G 5 G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150 E E E (D-1-1)7abd-6 E E E E E EE E 1.3 miles south-southeast of center of Salt Lake City E E E E EE 100 E E No record E E E E E E E E E E E 50 E E E CHLORIDE,

CONCENTRATION OF 0 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

800 E E E (D-1-1)7abd-6 E E E E E E E E 1.3 miles south-southeast of center of Salt Lake City E E EE 700 D E D E E E E E No record D D D E E E E D E EE 600 E D E EE E E Sum of determined constituents E D Calculated from specific conductance DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 500 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

31 TOOELE VALLEY tion. Withdrawal for public supply was about 4,500 acre-feet, which is 500 acre-feet more than the with- By T.A. Kenney drawal for 1999. Withdrawal for irrigation use in 2000 was about 17,600 acre-feet, which is 1,900 acre-feet Tooele Valley is between the Stansbury Moun- more than was reported for 1999. tains and Oquirrh Mountains and extends from Great Salt Lake to a low ridge called South Mountain. The to- The location of wells in Tooele Valley in which tal area of the valley is about 250 square miles. the water level was measured during March 2001 is Ground water occurs in the unconsolidated depos- shown in figure 11. The relation of the water level in se- its in Tooele Valley under both water-table and artesian lected wells to cumulative departure from average an- conditions, but nearly all the water withdrawn by wells nual precipitation at Tooele and to annual withdrawal is from artesian aquifers. from wells is shown in figure 12. Precipitation during Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in 2000 at Tooele was 18.43 inches, 2.41 inches more than Tooele Valley in 2000 was about 24,000 acre-feet, in 1999 and 0.57 inch more than the average annual which is 3,000 acre-feet more than for 1999 and 2,000 precipitation for 1936-2000. acre-feet less than the average annual withdrawal for Water levels in wells (fig. 12) in Tooele Valley 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). Although there was an in- generally declined from March 2000 to March 2001. crease in withdrawals from last year, less-than-average The decline in water levels is probably the result of in- withdrawals were probably the result of greater-than- creased withdrawals in the valley. Water levels gener- average precipitation. The increase in withdrawals ally rose during the previous 5 years as a result of from last year was mainly the result of increased irriga- greater-than-average precipitation.

32 33

112°30' 112°25' 112 °15'

UN ION Great Salt Lake Water-surface altitude 4,200 feet Salt Flat PA CIF IC June 1951 36 T. 1 S. 36 33 112 °20' EXPLANATION lat alt F 5 S 1 4 40 1 Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits 16 4 Lake Point 40°40' Observation well 80 U Dunnes Pond N 1 IO Spring Observation well with corresponding N

k hydrograph—Number refers to

ree hydrograph in figure 12 C Sixmile Mill Pond Spring T. 2 S .

P AC

IF IC

F 3 ish 138 in g Cree Erda 2 k 4 36 31 36 7 Grantsville

36 IC 1 16 16 IF C 40°35' A P

112

10 8 UNION

T. 3 S. 11 Tooele

Army Tooele

Depot 36 31 36 31 36

40°30' 16 1 1 T. 4 S . Box Wash Elder 36

R. 5 W. R. 4 W. R. 6 W. 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

Figure 11. Location of wells in Tooele Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001. 20 G G 1

(C-2-4)2baa-3 G GG G 15 G GG G G G G GGG G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G G GG 10 G GG G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

5 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10 2 G G G (C-2-4)27cdc-1 0 G G G -10 G G G G G GG G G -20 GG WATER LEVEL, G GG G

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -30 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 3

G (C-2-4)28aac-1 G 50 G G G G G G G G G G G GGG G G GGG G GG G G G GGG G GG G G G 60 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 4

(C-2-4)31ada-1 30 G G G G G G G G 20 G G G G G G G GG GG G G GGG G G G G GG 10 G GG GGG G GGG

WATER LEVEL, G

IN FEET ABOVE G G LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 12. Relation of water level in selected wells in Tooele Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Tooele and to annual withdrawal from wells.

34 +1 5

G 0 (C-2-5)5acc-3 G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G GG GG G G G G GG G G G GG G G G G -1 G G G G G GG G G G G

LAND SURFACE -2 ) -

( No record

WATER LEVEL, -3 G

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -4 BELOW 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

14 G 6

13 (C-2-5)20acc-1 GG Not measured in 2001 G G G GG 12 G G G GG G G G G G G 11 G G G G GG G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE 10 LAND SURFACE G G G G G G 9 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

70 7

GGGG G GG GG G G G G 80 G G GG GGG GG G G G G G G G G G GG G G 90 G G G G G GG (C-2-6)36dcc-1 G G G G G G G G G GG G GGG GGG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

180 8 G GG G 200 G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG 220 G G G G (C-3-4)9aaa-1 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

240 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 12. Relation of water level in selected wells in Tooele Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Tooele and to annual withdrawal from wells—Continued.

35 475 9 G GG (C-3-4)32bcc-1 G Not measured in 2001 G G GG G G G G G G GG G 500 G GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 525 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

190 10 (C-3-5)7dcc-1 G GG 200 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G 210 G GG G G GG G G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 220 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

210 11

(C-3-5)22dab-1 GG 220 G G G G G G G 230 G G G G GG G G 240 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G GGG G 250 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 12. Relation of water level in selected wells in Tooele Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Tooele and to annual withdrawal from wells—Continued.

36 precipitation atTooeleandto annual withdrawalfromwells—Continued. Figure 12. WITHDRAWAL, CUMULATIVE IN THOUSANDS DEPARTURE, OF ACRE-FEET IN INCHES + -75 -50 -25 Relationofwaterlevelinselected wellsinTooeleValleytocumulativedeparturefromaverage annual 20 40 25 0 0

1930 1930 withdrawal 25,600acre-feet 1963-2000 averageannual

1935 1935

1940 1940

1945 1945

1950 1950 1936-2000 averageannualprecipitation17.86inches Tooele 1955 1955

1960 1960

1965 1965

1970 1970

1975 1975

1980 1980

1985 1985

1990 1990

1995 1995

2000 2000

2005 2005 37 UTAH AND GOSHEN VALLEYS ue in 1999. Most of the total increase in withdrawal probably resulted from increased withdrawal for public supply and irrigation. By M.J. Fisher Water levels in Goshen Valley and in the northern and southern parts of Utah Valley generally rose in the Northern Utah Valley is the part of Utah Valley early 1980s. The rise corresponds to a period of greater- that is north of Provo Bay. Ground water occurs in un- than-average precipitation and recharge from surface water. Water levels generally declined from 1985 to consolidated basin-fill deposits in the valley. The prin- 1993 in Utah Valley and generally rose from 1993 to cipal ground-water recharge area for the basin fill is in 1999. This rise resulted from greater-than-average pre- the eastern part of the valley, along the base of the Wa- cipitation during this period. Water levels generally de- satch Range. clined from spring 1999 to spring 2001. Water levels in Southern Utah Valley is the part of Utah Valley Goshen Valley generally have declined since 1992. south of Provo and bounded by the Wasatch Range, The location of wells in Utah and Goshen Valleys West Mountain, and the northern extension of Long in which the water level was measured during spring Ridge. Goshen Valley is south of the latitude of Provo 2001 is shown in figure 13. The relation of the water and is bounded by West Mountain, Long Ridge, and the level in selected observation wells to cumulative depar- East Tintic Mountains. Ground water occurs in the al- ture from average annual precipitation at Silver Lake luvium in the valleys under both water-table and arte- near Brighton and Spanish Fork Powerhouse, to total sian conditions, but most wells discharge from artesian annual withdrawal from wells, to annual withdrawal for aquifers. public supply, to annual discharge of the Spanish Fork River at Castilla, and to concentration of dissolved sol- Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in ids in water from three wells is shown in figure 14. Dis- Utah and Goshen Valleys in 2000 was about 132,000 charge of the Spanish Fork River at Castilla in 2000 acre-feet, which is 22,000 acre-feet more than the re- was 138,800 acre-feet, which is 29,300 acre-feet less vised value for 1999, and 26,000 acre-feet more than than the 1933-2000 annual average. Precipitation at Sil- the revised average annual withdrawal for 1990-99 (ta- ver Lake near Brighton in 2000 was 39.90 inches, bles 2 and 3). Withdrawal in northern Utah Valley was which is 2.89 inches less than the 1931-2000 annual av- about 85,000 acre-feet, which is 9,900 acre-feet more erage and the same as in 1999. Precipitation at Spanish than the revised value for 1999; withdrawal in southern Fork Powerhouse in 2000 was 20.06 inches, which is Utah Valley was about 32,700 acre-feet, which is 0.43 inch more than the 1937-2000 annual average and 11,500 acre-feet more than the revised value for 1999; 1.32 inches more than in 1999. Concentrations of dis- withdrawal in Goshen Valley was about 14,600 acre- solved solids in water from three wells have generally feet, which is 1,300 acre-feet more than the revised val- increased since 1975.

38 TRAVERSE Alpine Y 111°45' EXPLANATION T MOUNTAINS N 1 T. 4 S. U Y 112°00' O TJordan C N KE U 92 W Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

A O A L C 2 LT k S SA r H o A (2) A Creek F T T Observation well—Number in parentheses U n C a H is number of wells at that site c (2) i r

74 e 3 Lehi m 6

A Observation well with corresponding 73 American 146 ry(2) (2) hydrograph—Number refers to 3 D Fork River (2) T. 5 S. hydrograph in figure 14 4 5 89 68 (2) Pleasant (2) Grove RANGE (2) 15 Lindon

Orem 114

T. 6 S. Pelican 7 Point 78 er v i Provo 40°15' R Provo W A

Utah Lake T

LAKE MOUNTAINS C

H 89 T. 7 S.

Provo Bay Ho bb le 8 R AN Springville G 9 E Creek Palmyra Spa ay Lake nish Spanish Mapleton n B Shore e B en Fork Slo lley osh ja G u m Va T. 8 S. gh in 10 147 Benjamin F ork Beer Utah MOUNTAIN (2)

Creek k

e 15

11 e r

C Salem

g 6 E n 14

WEST i r p S Payson 68 RANGT. 9 S.

12 40°00' Genola lley 13 Spring Lake Va H C T A AS Santaquin W C S r u e m Elberta e m 6 k (2) i Goshen t Reservoir Goshen Currant LAKE MERIDIAN SALT C T. 10 S. re ek Goshen Ridge 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES 15

Long 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

EAST TINTIC EAST MOUNTAINS

R. 1 W. R. 1 E. R. 2 E. R. 3 E.

Figure 13. Location of wells in Utah and Goshen Valleys in which the water level was measured during spring 2001.

39 70 1

(C-4-1)25dcb-1 G G G 80 G GG G

GG G 90 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G GG G G 100 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

250 2 (D-4-1)36cab-1 G 275 G G G G G G G GGG 300 G G GG G G GG G 325

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

350 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 G 3 G G G G (C-5-1)13dac-5 G G GG GG G G G G 20 G G G GGG G G G No record G G G G G G G 10 WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

75 4 (D-5-1)20aba-1 65 G G G G G GG G G G G 55 G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 45 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 35 G G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE G G G G G 25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -10 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150 6 (D-5-2)18aba-1 160 G G G G G G G G G G GG 170 G G G G 180 G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G 190 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 7

G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G GG G 10 G G G G G G G G G No record G GG G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE (D-6-2)28bad-1 G LAND SURFACE G G G 0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 8

(D-7-3)33baa-6 G G GG

G G G G G G G G G G G 10 G G GG GG G G G G G G G G GG G GG G G GG G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE G Measured in April 2001 0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE 7 (D-7-2)34dcd-1 G G 6 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 10 (D-8-2)29aaa-7 GGGGG G 15 G GG G G

G G G GGGG 10 G G G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET ABOVE G LAND SURFACE G G G G G GG G GG G G G 5 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

75 11 (C-9-1)4ddc-1

80 G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G G G G GGG 85 G G G G G G GG G WATER LEVEL, GG IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G 90 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

200 12 (C-9-1)29acc-1 210 G GG G GG G GGG G G G G GG G 220 G G GG G G G G GGG G G GGG GG 230 GG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 240 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 110

120 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

75 G 14 G (D-9-2)11aaa-1 G G G G 50 G G G G G G GG GG G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G GGG G G G G G GG G G G G G GG 25 G G

WATER LEVEL, Measured in April 2001 IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

110 15 GGG G (C-10-1)33cbb-1 G G G G 115 GGG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 120 GG G G G G G G G G 125 GG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

130 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1945 1945 1945 1945

1950 1950 1950 1950

1955 1955 1955 1955

1960 1960 1960 1960

1965 1965 1965 1965

1970 1970 1970 1970

1975 1975 1975 1975

1980 1980 1980 1980

1985 1985 1985 1985

1990 1990 1990 1990

1995 1995 1995 1995

2000 2000 2000 2000

2005 2005 2005 2005 1,200 E E Sum of determined constituents 1,000 D Calculated from specific conductance

E D D DE 800 D D D EE E E E D 600 (C-9-1)4ccc-1 E E No record E E 6 miles north of Elberta E DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 400 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

400 E E E Sum of determined constituents D E C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius 300 D Calculated from specific conductance D D E E 200 (D-5-1)19ccc-1 E E E E E D C DD 3 miles southwest of Lehi E E E DD D E C E D E D DISSOLVED SOLIDS, DE CONCENTRATION OF 100 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

400

E Sum of determined constituents E E D E E D 350 Calculated from specific conductance E E DDE D E D E D D 300 E

E 250 (D-7-3)34cdb-1 No record 0.5 mile east of Springville DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 200 E IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 14. Relation of water level in selected wells in Utah and Goshen Valleys to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Silver Lake near Brighton and Spanish Fork Powerhouse, to total annual withdrawal from wells, to annual withdrawal for public supply, to annual discharge of Spanish Fork River at Castilla, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from three wells—Continued. 45 JUAB VALLEY Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in Juab Valley in 2000 was about 27,000 acre-feet, which By R.J. Eacret is 13,000 acre-feet more than was reported for 1999 and 7,000 acre-feet more than the average annual with- Juab Valley, which is about 30 miles long and av- drawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). erages about 4 miles wide, is in central Utah along the Water levels from March 1999 to March 2001 west side of the Wasatch Range and the San Pitch Mountains. The valley drains near both its northern and generally declined in most of the valley. The decline in southern ends—in northern Juab Valley via Currant water levels probably resulted from increased with- Creek into Utah Lake, and in southern Juab Valley via drawals and less-than-average precipitation during the Chicken Creek into the Sevier River. The northern and irrigation season. Water levels in March generally rose southern parts of Juab Valley are separated topograph- from 1978 to their highest level in 1985. This rise cor- ically by Levan Ridge, a gentle rise near the midpoint responds to a period of greater-than-average precipita- of the valley floor. tion during 1978-86. Water levels generally declined The principal water-bearing formation in Juab from 1986 to 1993 and generally have risen since 1993. Valley is the unconsolidated basin-fill deposits. Most The location of wells in Juab Valley in which the of the recharge to the ground-water reservoir occurs on water level was measured during March 2001 is shown the eastern side of the valley along the Wasatch Range in figure 15. The relation of the water level in selected and the San Pitch Mountains. Ground water moves to wells to cumulative departure from average annual pre- the lower part of the valley and to eventual discharge points at the northern and southern ends of the valley. cipitation at Nephi, to annual withdrawal from wells, The ground-water divide between the northern and and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from southern parts of Juab Valley is near Levan Ridge. well (D-13-1)7dbc-1 is shown in figure 16. Precipita- Ground water occurs in the basin-fill deposits un- tion at Nephi during 2000 was 16.76 inches, which is der both water-table and artesian conditions; artesian 2.21 inches more than the average annual precipitation conditions are prevalent in the lower part of the valley. for 1935-2000, and 2.63 inches more than in 1999. The The greatest depths to water are along the eastern mar- concentration of dissolved solids in water from well gin of the valley, where permeable alluvial fans extend (D-13-1)7dbc-1 fluctuated during 1964-2000 with a from the mountains into the valley. slight upward trend.

46 111°50'

Cu EXPLANATION rr 111°55' a T. 10 S. n

t Creek Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

5 Observation well

eservoir R 28 RANGE 1 Observation well with corresponding

ona hydrograph—Number refers to M T. 11 S. hydrograph in figure 16 15 E 1 39°50'

IDG R 112°00' 6 Mona 36 31

16 1 6

ATC

W LONG T. 12 S. 7

36 31 36 31

16 132 16 132

8 Nephi 2 T. 13 S. 39°40'

15 28

36 31 31

Levan Ridge 6 ILLS 1 H 9

T SAN PITCH MOUNTAINS D A ES O R

W IL A T. 14 S.

IF C 3 A Levan P N

31 IO Chicken N 36 Creek R. 1 1/2 W. U 10

16 1 28

4 LEVAN PEAK 15 8,330 feet Creek Chicken Deep 39°30' Creek T. 15 S. Reservoir

Little Salt Creek

36 31 36 31

R. 2 W. R. 1 W. R. 1 E.

0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

Figure 15. Location of wells in Juab Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

47 25 G 1 (C-11-1)24ddd-1 26 G G 27 G G G GG 28 G G G G G G G GG WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 29 G G

30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 GGG 2 G GG GG G G G GG G (C-13-1)14dbb-1 G G G 15

20 G GG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 3 G (C-14-1)27aaa-1 G G G G G G 30 G G G GG G G G GG G GG GG GG G G 40 G GG GG G G G GGGG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 4 G (C-15-1)12aba-1 GG G

G G G G 50 G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G GG G G G G GG GG G G G G G G GG G G G G G GG G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G 75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 16. Relation of water level in selected wells in Juab Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Nephi, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (D-13-1)7dbc-1.

48 25 G 5 G (D-11-1)4cad-1 GG

G G G G G G GG G 50 GG G G GG G G GG G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 5 GG 6

+ 4 G G G G G G GG + 3 G G G G G G G G G G G G G + G G GG 2 G GGG G G G G G G G G G G GG + 1 G G G G G G GG G G G G

WATER LEVEL, 0 (D-11-1)31abc-1 G

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -1 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 50 7

G G (D-12-1)19cdc-1 GG + 25 G G G G G G G G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G GG G 0 No record G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -25 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 8 GG (D-13-1)7bbd-2 GG 20 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G 30 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

49 140 9 (D-14-1)6dbb-1 GGG 160 G G G G G G G G G G G G 180 G

G No record 200 G WATER LEVEL, GG IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE GGGG G 220 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

140 G 10 G GG 160 (D-14-1)31dab-1 G G 180 G G G G G G GG G G 200 G G G G G G 220 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 240 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

50 + 25

Nephi -25

IN INCHES Station located 5 miles CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, south-southwest of Nephi prior to 1942 1935-2000 average annual precipitation 14.55 inches -50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 1963-2000 average annual withdrawal 20,100 acre-feet 20

10 WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

900 C E Sum of determined constituents E C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius E D D Calculated from specific conductance E E E D 800 E D E D D D E D No record E D E E D

700 D

(D-13-1)7dbc-1 E 2 miles southwest of Nephi C DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 600 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

51 SEVIER DESERT age annual precipitation at Oak City, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved By Paul Downhour solids in water from well (C-15-4)18daa-1 is shown in figure 19. Water levels in both the shallow and deep The part of the Sevier Desert described here cov- aquifers in the Sevier Desert rose from 1980 to 1987, ers about 2,000 square miles. It is principally the broad, which corresponds to a period of greater-than-average gently sloping area, between about Townships 12 precipitation and less-than-average withdrawal. Water South and 19 South, and Ranges 3 West and 11 West. levels in both aquifers began declining during 1987-90 Ground water occurs in the Sevier Desert in unconsoli- and continued to decline until 1995. Levels have gener- dated deposits under water-table and artesian condi- ally risen or remained stable since 1995. Rises since tions. Most of the ground water is discharged from 1995 probably resulted from decreased withdrawal, wells tapping either of two artesian aquifers—the shal- greater-than-average precipitation, and more available low or deep artesian aquifer. surface water for irrigation. Water levels generally declined from March 2000 to March 2001, probably as a Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in the Sevier Desert in 2000 was about 15,000 acre-feet, result of increased withdrawals in 2000. which is 3,000 acre-feet more than in 1999 and about Discharge of the Sevier River near Juab in 2000 9,000 acre-feet less than the 1990-99 average annual was 231,100 acre-feet, 2,400 acre-feet more than in withdrawal (tables 2 and 3). The increase in total with- 1999 and 45,900 acre-feet more than the long-term av- drawal was mainly a result of increased withdrawal for erage (1935-2000). Precipitation at Oak City was irrigation. 16.62 inches in 2000, 3.53 inches more than the 1935- The location of wells in the Sevier Desert in which 2000 average annual precipitation and 2.92 inches the water level was measured during March 2001 is more than in 1999. The concentration of dissolved sol- shown in figures 17 and 18. The relation of the water ids in water from well (C-15-4)18daa-1, near Lynndyl, level in selected wells to annual discharge of the Sevier has increased from about 900 milligrams per liter in River near Juab, to cumulative departure from the aver- 1958toabout1,900milligramsperliterin1996.

52 112°30' 112°15'

W M E S O T 1 U T N IC S T IN T A T IN T. 12 S. 113 00' IN ° DESERT IN IC A KEG MOUNTAIN S T T MOUNTAINS T N 39 45' ek S U ° re A O E C M

112°45'

Cherry 6 T. 13 S.

S SONIN TA GIL N U T. 14 S. MO 2

JUAB COUNTY MOUNTAINS Sevier River DRUM MILLARD COUNTY Leamington Canal 4 Lynndyl 3 T. 15 S. Central Utah 39°30' 125 174 Fool LITTLE DRUM Creek MOUNTAINS Reservoir

6 S IN

5 TA

8 N T. 16 S. OU

7 99 DMAD M Reservoir

Oak Cr Gunnison Oak eek Bend 125 City 10 Reservoir Delta

50 ON T. 17 S. NY

Hinckley 9 A C Deseret Oasis 140

River 257 r Sevie 39°15' R. 5 W. R. 4 W. R. 3 W. T. 18 S. 6

IC IF C A P N Bea T. 19 S. IO ver N U R iver Clear Lake R. 11 W. R. 10 W. R. 9 W. R. 8 W. R. 7 W. R. 6 W.

0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

Observation well

9 Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 19

Figure 17. Location of wells in the shallow artesian aquifer in part of the Sevier Desert in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

53 112°30' 112°15'

W M E S O T U T N IC S T IN T A T IN T. 12 S. 113 00' IN ° DESERT IN IC A KEG MOUNTAIN S T T MOUNTAINS T N 39 45' ek S U ° re A O E C M

112°45'

Cherry 6 T. 13 S.

S SONIN TA GIL N U T. 14 S. MO

JUAB COUNTY MOUNTAINS Sevier River DRUM MILLARD COUNTY Canal Lynndyl Leamington T. 15 S. Central Utah 39°30' 1D 125 174 Fool LITTLE DRUM Creek MOUNTAINS Reservoir

3D S

IN TA

2D N T. 16 S. OU

99 DMAD M Reservoir

4D Oak Cr Gunnison Oak eek Bend 125 City Reservoir Delta

50 ON T. 17 S. NY

Hinckley A C Deseret Oasis 140

River 257 r Sevie 39°15' 5D R. 5 W. R. 4 W. R. 3 W. T. 18 S. 6

IC IF C A Bea P T. 19 S. N ver IO R N iver U Clear Lake R. 11 W. R. 10 W. R. 9 W. R. 8 W. R. 7 W. R. 6 W.

0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

Observation well

5D Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number with letter D refers to deep artesian aquifer hydrograph in figure 19

Figure 18. Location of wells in the deep artesian aquifer in part of the Sevier Desert in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

54 180 1 GGG (C-12-6)15bac-1 G GG 190 G GG G G G G G 200 G G GG G G GGGGG G G G 210 GG G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 220

230 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

4 2 (C-14-8)25ccc-1

3 G G GG GG G G G G G G G G G G G 2 G G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G 1 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 3 G GGG G G G (C-15-4)8cba-1 GG G G G G G 15 G G G G G G No record G GG G G G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G G 20 GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+5 4 G G G G GG G G GG

GG G 0 No record G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, G G G G G GG (C-15-7)17dad-1 G G G G G G G GG IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR G -5 G BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 19. Relation of water level in selected wells in the Sevier Desert to annual discharge of the Sevier River near Juab, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Oak City, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-15-4)18daa-1.

55 40 5

(C-16-4)18bda-1 GGG 50 G G G G 60 G G G G G G 70 GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G WATER LEVEL, 80 G G G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G G 90 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 6

G G G G G G G G G G G GG 5 G G G G GGG G G G G G GG No record G G G G G GGGG G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE (C-16-7)1dcd-1

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 5 7

GG 0 G GG G GG G G G -5 G G G G G LAND SURFACE G G

) G G No record G G - G G ( G G G G G GG GG -10 G G

WATER LEVEL, G G GGGG G G (C-16-8)19ddd-1 G G IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -15 BELOW 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 8 (C-16-8)24baa-1

GGG G G G 5 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 10 G G G G G GG G G G G G G GG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G GG G 15 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

56 5 9 (C-17-6)26daa-3 10 G G GGGGGG GG GG G G G G G G 15 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 20 G GG G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

G 25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 6 G 10 G G G G GG + (C-17-8)13cdd-1 GG G 4 G G G G G +2 G G GG G G GGG G G GGG G G G

LAND SURFACE 0 ) GG - G G

( G GG

WATER LEVEL, -2 G G G IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -4 BELOW 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

130 1D (C-15-4)20caa-1

GG 140 G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG 150 G G G GG WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G GG G G 160 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

120 2D

(C-16-4)19dbd-1 G GG G 140 G G

G G G G G G GG G G G 160 G G G GGG G G G G GG G GG G G GG G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 180 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

57 5 GG 3D GG G G (C-16-8)12ddd-2 G 10 G G G G G G G G G G G G G 15 G G G G G GG G G GGG G G G G 20 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 4D (C-17-7)12aba-1 G G 10 G G G G G G G G G GGG GG G G G G G G 20 G G GGG G G G G GG G 30 G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

11 5D

(C-18-8)24ada-2 G 9 G G G G G G G G 7 GG G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G 5 GG G GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE G GG G 3 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

58 1,000 Sevier River near Juab

500 1935-2000 average annual discharge 185,200 acre-feet DISCHARGE, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+25

-25 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, Oak City 1935-2000 average annual precipitation 13.09 inches -50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1951-2000 average annual 25 withdrawal19,700 acre-feet WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

2,000 E D E E E D E

ED No data 1,500 collected E E in 1997-2000 D EE D 1,000 D E (C-15-4)18daa-1 No record 2.5 miles east of Lynndyl DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 500 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

59 CENTRAL SEVIER VALLEY annual precipitation at Richﬁeld, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in By B.A. Slaugh water from well (C-23-2)15dcb-4 is shown in ﬁgure 21.

The central Sevier Valley is in south-central Utah, Water levels generally declined from March 1999 surrounded by the Sevier and Wasatch Plateaus to the to March 2000 in the central Sevier Valley. Water levels east and the Tushar Mountains, Pahvant Range, and generally rose from about 1978 to 1985 and declined Valley Mountains to the west. Altitude ranges from from 1985 to about 1993. From 1993 to 1999, water 5,100 feet on the valley ﬂoor at the north end of the levels generally rose, although they ﬂuctuated valley near Gunnison to about 12,000 feet in the Tushar depending upon the amount and timing of precipitation Mountains. and the potential for recharge from snowmelt runoff.

Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in Discharge of the Sevier River at Hatch in 2000 was central Sevier Valley in 2000 was about 13,000 acre- about 49,600 acre-feet. This is about 20,800 acre-feet feet, which is 7,000 acre-feet less than was reported for less than the 70,400 acre-feet for 1999 and about 1999, and 7,000 acre-feet less than the average annual 29,600 acre-feet less than the 1940-2000 average withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). The decrease annual discharge. Precipitation at Richﬁeld was 8.56 was mainly a result of decreased withdrawals for inches in 2000, which is 0.40 inch more than the 1950- irrigation. 2000 average annual precipitation and 0.57 inch more than in 1999. Concentration of dissolved solids in water The location of wells in the central Sevier Valley from well (C-23-2)15dcb-4 decreased from about 600 in which the water level was measured during March milligrams per liter to about 400 milligrams per liter 2001 is shown in ﬁgure 20. The relation of the water during 1987-95, which was the average concentration level in selected wells to annual discharge of the Sevier during 1955-59. The concentration of dissolved solids River at Hatch, to cumulative departure from average in 2000 was about 460 milligrams per liter.

60 112°00' 111°45' 111°30'

Sevier Bridge EY T. 16 S. EXPLANATION Reservoir L JUAB COUNTY AL Yuba V SANPETE COUNTY Boundary of ground-water basin Dam 28 ETE River Boundary of central Sevier Valley P T. 17 S. Sevier AN S Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits Pitch SAN PITCH

MOUNTAINS Manti San Observation well S River

IN T. 18 S. 39°15' GUNNISON- Gunnison 89 3 TA SEVIER BRIDGE Reservoir Observation well with corresponding N RESERVOIR Fayette M OU ile hydrograph—Number refers to BASIN Six Creek hydrograph in figure 21 M

TEA T. 19 S. Y 1 Gunnison A PL Creek Centerfield ALLE T

V we lve Mile H REDMOND- 89 GUNNISON TC BASIN SA T. 20 S.

WA Axtel SANPETE COUNTY SEVIER COUNTY

Redmond 39°00' 2 50 T. 21 S. AURORA- REDMOND Salina BASIN 3 Aurora Salina

70 T. 22 S. 112°15' Gooseberry Creek Vermillion Rocky Ford Reservoir Sigurd Creek E SEVIER- G T. 23 S. SIGURD Venice Lost Cr AN BASIN 4 eek R Richfield Glenwood 38°45' 6 NT 5 U A V A H E R. 2 E. R. 3 E. R. 4 E. PA Elsinore Central T A T. 24 S. L 7 P Austin

Joseph Monroe T. 25 S. 9 8 Koosharem Reservoir M Creek Clear t onro la e Creek Sevier F rty ve 70 o P T. 26 S. SEVIER COUNTY R. 4 1/2 W. R. 4 W. R. 3 W. R. 2 W. R. 1 W. R. 1 E. 38°30' PIUTE COUNTY R. 5 W. R. 4 W. R. 3 W. R. 2 1/2 W. R. 2 W. R. 1 W. R. 1 E. R Creek IE V r T. 27 S. ve E ea Marysvale S 62 B S evie

r R

iv 89 er JUNCTION- MARYSVALE BASIN T. 28 S.

MOUNTAINS

City

Piute eek Reservoir r C T. 29 S. AR Creek r SH tte 38°15' O TU Junction 10 Kingston Otter Creek T. 30 S. 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES Ea or st F k S Reservoir evi 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS er River

Figure 20. Location of wells in central Sevier Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

61 25 1 (C-19-1)23bcc-1 G GGGG G G G G G 30 G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G GG G G G G G G 35 G G G G GG G G GG G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G 40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

3 2

G (C-21-1)1cab-1 G G 4

G G G GG G G 5 G GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

6 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 3 G G G G 41 (C-21-1)27cca-2 G G GG G No record G 42 G

G 43 G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 44 G 45 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 G 4 G G 9 GG G G G G G G G G G G G G 8 G G GGG G G G G G G G G G 7 G GG GG G G G G G G G G G G 6 G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE 5 (C-23-2)15dcb-4 G 4 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 21. Relation of water level in selected wells in central Sevier Valley to annual discharge of the Sevier River at Hatch, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Richfield, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-23-2)15dcb-4.

62 + G 3 G 5 G G +2 GG G G GG G G +1 G G G G G G G G 0 No record G G G G G G G G G G G G -1 G G G G G G GG WATER LEVEL, -2 (C-24-2)7bac-2 GG G G IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -3 G BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

108 G 6 G 110 G (C-24-3)10bcc-1 G G 112 G G G G 114 G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, 116 IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 118 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

184 7 G G 185 (C-24-3)25bdb-1

G G 186 G G G G 187 G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 188 G G

189 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

100 G 8 (C-25-3)28cad-1 G G G 110 G G G G G G G G No record 120 G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

G G 130 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

63 36 9 G 37 (C-25-4)28abd-1 38 GG 39 G G G 40 G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 41 GGG G G GG 42 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

15 10

(C-30-3)15bba-1 G 20 G GG G G G GGG G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G GG G G G GG G G G 25 G G G G G G G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

64 200 Sevier River at Hatch 1940-2000 average annual discharge 79,200 acre-feet

100 DISCHARGE, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 10 Richfield 1950-2000 average annual precipitation 8.16 inches 0

IN INCHES -10 CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1963-2000 average annual withdrawal 18,500 acre-feet 20

10 WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

800 E Sum of determined constituents C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius D E 600 Calculated from specific conductance D C D DD C E E C D D DD ED D E ED DDD E EEEE D D DE 400 EE ED (C-23-2)15dcb-4 E D C E near Venice No record DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 200 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

65 PAHVANT VALLEY lected wells to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Fillmore, to annual withdrawal By R.L. Swenson from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells is shown in figure 23. Pahvant Valley, in southeast Millard County, extends from the vicinity of McCornick on the north to Water levels generally declined from March 2000 Kanosh on the south, from the Pahvant Range and Can- to March 2001 due to decreased ground-water recharge yon Mountains on the east and northeast to a low basalt and increased withdrawals for irrigation. Water levels ridge on the west. The area of the valley is about 300 generally declined from the early 1950s until 1982 as a square miles, and water drains to the valley from about result of generally less-than-average precipitation and 500 square miles of the mountainous terrain. The valley increased withdrawals. Water levels generally rose is undrained on the surface south of the southern edge from 1982 to 1985, and were generally higher than in of Township 20 South; north of this line, the surface is the early1950s because of greater-than-average precip- an undulating plain covered with sand dunes from itation and decreased withdrawal for irrigation. Levels which there is little or no surface drainage. generally have declined since 1985 because of contin- Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in ued large withdrawals for irrigation. Pahvant Valley in 2000 was about 80,000 acre-feet, which is 4,000 acre-feet more than was reported in Precipitation at Fillmore during 2000 was 18.57 1999 and 1,000 acre-feet more than the average annual inches, which is 3.42 inches more than the average an- withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). Withdrawal nual precipitation for 1931-2000 and 3.75 inches less for irrigation in 2000 was about 78,800 acre-feet, which than in 1999 (revised). The concentration of dissolved is 4,300 acre-feet more than was reported in 1999, and solids in water from wells near Flowell and west of most likely resulted from a decreased availability of Kanosh is shown in figure 23. The concentration of dis- surface water. Withdrawal for geothermal power generation was about 540 acre-feet and is reported as indus- solved solids in water from well (C-21-5)7cdd-3, north- trial withdrawal. west of Flowell, has shown little change since 1983. The location of wells in Pahvant Valley in which The concentration of dissolved solids in water from water levels were measured during March 2001 is well (C-23-6)21bdd-1, west of Kanosh, generally has shown in figure 22. The relation of the water level in se- increased since the late 1950s.

66 1 112°15' 39°15' 50

T. 18 S. CANYON McCornick MOUNTAINS 2

Central

tah

T. 19 S.

anal

ALLEY V 3

50 4 Holden

AHVANT P 5 T. 20 S. 100 15

112°30'

39°00' 7 Chalk S ER Flowell D 100 T. 21 S. Fillmore CIN 8 E TH Creek

R. 4 W. E Meadow Creek

ANG ow R Mead T. 22 S.

10 T

VAN

AH Hatton P 133 15 12

Kanosh T. 23 S.

Corn Creek EXPLANATION

91 Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

R. 5 W. R. 6 W. Observation well

1 Observation well with corresponding 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES hydrograph—Number refers to 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS hydrograph in figure 23

Figure 22. Location of wells in Pahvant Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

67 30 1 (C-18-5)16bbc-1 GG 35 GG G G G G G G GG G G GG G GGG G G G G 40 G G G G G G GGG G G G 45 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 G 2 G G GG 30 (C-18-5)34ccd-1 GG G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G 40 G G G G G 50 G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 60 G G G G G 70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 3 G G GG GGG G GG 50 (C-19-4)30dab-1 G G G G G G G GG 60 GG G G G GG G GG 70 G G GG G GG G GGG G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 80 G G G G G 90 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 4 G G G G (C-20-4)5cca-1 G G G 40 GG G G G G G G G G 60 GG GG G G G G G G G G G G GGG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G G G 80 GG 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 23. Relation of water level in selected wells in Pahvant Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Fillmore, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells.

68 30 5 GGG G G G G G GG G (C-20-5)13daa-1 G G G G G G 40 G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G 50 G G G GG G G G G G G GG G G G GG G 60 GGG G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 6 GG G (C-20-5)26ddd-1 40 G G G 60 G G G G GGGG G G G GG G 80 GG G GG GG G GG WATER LEVEL, G G G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G GG GG GG G GG G GG 100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

35 G G 7 (C-21-5)7cdd-2 G 40 GG G

G G G 45 G GG G G G G G GG G G G G G GG GGG G GG GGG GG G G G G 50 G GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 55 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 20 8

GG G G 0 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GGGGG G G GG G G G G -20 G G G G G G GG GG G G G G G G G GG G G G -40 G GG G G GG WATER LEVEL, G (C-21-5)21aba-1 G G GG G GGG GG IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -60 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

69 25 9 G (C-22-5)3baa-1 GG G G G G G 50 G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G GG 75 G G GG G G G G G G G G GGG G G GG GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 100 G

125 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 10

G (C-22-5)33cdd-2 GG 50 GG G G G G G G G GG G G 75 GG G G G GG G G G G GG G GGG G G

WATER LEVEL, G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G 100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 11

GG GG G (C-22-6)11acd-1 GG G G 5 G GG GG G GG G G G G GGG G GGG 10 G G G G GGG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

15 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 12

(C-23-6)17baa-1 GGGG G 30 G G G G G G G GGGGGGG GG G 40 G GG WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G GG GGG G GGG G G GGGG 50 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

70 + 25 Fillmore 1931-2000 average annual precipitation 15.15 inches 0

IN INCHES -25 CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

100

1946-2000 average annual withdrawal 64,400 acre-feet

50 WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 2000 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2005

1,200 Flowell area (C-21-5)7cdd-3 E Sum of determined constituents E (water-table aquifer) (1960-2000) E E C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius 1.75 miles northwest of Flowell 1,000 C D C Calculated from specific conductanceE E E E C C E E E No record E E E C E E E E E E E E E E E E E 800 (C-21-5)7cdd-2 D E

(water-table aquifer) (1954-58) E 1.75 miles northwest of Flowell E DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 600 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 2000 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2005

7,500

E Kanosh area E E E E Sum of determined constituents E E E E 5,000 C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius E E E D Calculated from specific conductance CE E E E Well not sampled 1994-2000 2,500 D E (C-23-6)21bdd-1 C C E EEEE E E CE 5.25 miles west of Kanosh DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 0 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

71 CEDAR VALLEY, IRON COUNTY of Coal Creek near Cedar City, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells is shown in figure 25. By J.H. Howells Ground-water levels generally declined from March 1999 to March 2001 in most of Cedar Valley. Cedar Valley is in eastern Iron County, southwest- Water-level declines probably resulted from continued ern Utah. The valley is about 170 square miles in area, large withdrawals for irrigation and public supply and from about Townships 34 South to 37 South and Rang- less-than-average streamflow. Wells in the northern es 10 West to 12 West. Ground water in Cedar Valley part of Cedar Valley show that water levels generally occurs in unconsolidated deposits, mostly under water- declined through 1992 and rose slightly from 1993-99. table conditions. The principal source of recharge to Water levels in the central and southern parts of the aquifers is water from Coal Creek, which seeps directly valley generally rose in the 1980s and generally have from the stream channel into the ground after being di- declined since 1989. verted for irrigation. Precipitation at Cedar City Federal Aviation Ad- Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in ministration Airport in 2000 was 12.97 inches, which is Cedar Valley in 2000 was about 36,000 acre-feet, 5.91 inches more than for 1999 and 2.16 inches more which is 4,000 acre-feet more than was reported for than the average annual precipitation for 1951-2000. 1999 and 3,000 acre-feet more than the average annual The discharge of Coal Creek was about 17,400 acre- withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). feet in 2000, which is 4,400 acre-feet less than the The location of wells in Cedar Valley, Iron Coun- 21,800 acre-feet for 1999, and 6,800 acre-feet less than ty, in which the water level was measured during the average annual discharge for 1936, 1939-2000. The March 2001 is shown in figure 24. The relation of the concentrations of dissolved solids in wells (C-35- water level in selected wells to cumulative departure 11)31dbd-1, (C-37-12)23acb-1, and (C-37-12)23abd-1 from average annual precipitation at Cedar City Federal have ranged between 300 and 600 milligrams Aviation Administration Airport, to annual discharge per liter.

72 113°10' 113°05' 113°00'

2 R. 10 W. Rush Lake 3

T. 34 S.

37°50'

36 31

16 4

381 Winn ap G Enoch

130 Iron Springs 37°45'

T. 35 S. 15

5 GRANITE 36 31 MOUNTAIN 6

16 C o al

56 7 Cedar City 14 56 Creek 37°40' T. 36 S.

Quichapa Lake

Hamilton Fort 8 36

1 15 EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

37°35' Observation well R. 11 W. T. 37 S. 9 Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 25

9 Kanarraville 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

R. 12 W.

Figure 24. Location of long-term monitoring wells in Cedar Valley, Iron County, in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

73 35 1 GG G GGGG GGG G GGGGG GG GGGG C G GGG G C C (C-33-11)30ddd-2 G G GGG GGG GGG C G G 40 C

G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE Not measured in 2001 (C-33-11)31aad-1 45 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 2 G GG (C-34-11)1daa-1 GGG G G GG 15 GGG G G 20 G G G GG G G GG G GG G G GG GGG G G 25 GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

21 3 G G G G G G G 22 G G GG G GG GGGG G G G GGG G 23 G G GG G GG G GG 24 GG GG GGGGG 25 G G GG

WATER LEVEL, (C-34-11)9cdc-1 G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 26 G G 27 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

5 4 (C-35-11)4aba-1 G GG 10 GGG G G G G G G G G GG 15 GG GG G G G G G G G G G GG G 20 GG GGGGGG G G G GG GG G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 25

30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 25. Relation of water level in selected wells in Cedar Valley, Iron County, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Cedar City Federal Aviation Administration Airport, to annual discharge of Coal Creek near Cedar City, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from selected wells.

74 50 GG 5 G G G G GGG 60 G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G 70 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 80 G G GGG G G G G G GG GG G G G G G WATER LEVEL, (C-35-11)33aac-1 G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 90 G G G G G 100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 G 6 GG G G (C-35-12)34dcd-1 GG G GGGG GGG G G G GG 30 GG GG G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G GG G G

50 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 G G G GG G 7 GG G G G G G G G G 20 G GGGG G G GG G G G G G G G GG 30 GG GGG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G G GG G 50 WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (C-36-12)12dba-1

60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 8

GGG 40 G GG G G G G G G GG 50 G GG G G G G 60 G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (C-36-12)32dcc-1 G 70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

75 76

City, toannual withdrawal fromwells,andto concentrationofdissolvedsolids inwaterfromselectedwells–Continued. annual precipitationatCedar City FederalAviationAdministrationAirport,toannualdischarge ofCoalCreeknearCedar Figure 25. WITHDRAWAL, DISCHARGE, CUMULATIVE WATER LEVEL, IN THOUSANDS IN THOUSANDS DEPARTURE, IN FEET BELOW OF ACRE-FEET OF ACRE-FEET IN INCHES LAND SURFACE + -40 -20 Relationofwaterlevelinselected wellsinCedarValley,IronCounty,tocumulativedeparture fromaverage 25 50 25 50 75 20 60 50 40 30 20 0 0 0

1930 1930

1930 1936, 1939-2000averageannualdischarge24,200acre-feet Coal CreeknearCedarCity 1930 1963-2000 Total(entirevalley) 1956-62 Irrigationonly(entirevalley) 1945-55 Irrigationonly(valleynorthofHamiltonFort) 1938-40 Irrigationonly(entirevalley) 1938-40, 1945-2000averageannualwithdrawal24,200acre-feet (C-37-12)34abb-1 1951-2000 averageannualprecipitation10.81inches Cedar CityFederalAviationAdministrationAirport

1935 1935 1935 1935 G G G

1940 1940 1940 1940 G G

1945 1945 1945 1945 G G G G

1950 1950 1950 1950 G G G

1955 1955 1955 1955 G G G G 1960 1960 1960 1960 G G G G

1965 1965 1965 1965 G G G G G

1970 1970 1970 1970 G G G G G

1975 1975 1975 1975 G G G G G

1980 1980 1980 1980 G G G G G

1985 1985 1985 1985 G G estimated December 2000was Precipitation totalfor G

1990 1990 1990 1990 G G G G G

1995 1995 1995 1995 G G G G G

2000 2000 2000 2000 G

2005 2005 2005 2005 9 600 E E Sum of determined constituents E C Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius C 500 D Calculated from specific conductance E D E D EE E DD E E 400 (C-35-11)31dbd-1 D About 4 miles northwest of Cedar City DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 300 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

600 D E Sum of determined constituents D D Calculated from specific conductance D E E 500 D D E E D (C-37-12)23acb-1 No record D D 2.3 miles northeast of Kanarraville E D D 400 D D DED E E E D D D (C-37-12)23abd-1 DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 300 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

77 PAROWAN VALLEY selected wells to cumulative departure from the average annual precipitation at Parowan Power Plant, to annual By J.H. Howells withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-33-8)31ccc-1 is Parowan Valley is in northern Iron County, south- shown in figure 27. western Utah. The valley is about 160 square miles in Water levels generally declined from March 2000 area, between about Townships 32 South and 34 South to March 2001 in Parowan Valley. Declines probably and Ranges 7 West and 10 West. Ground water occurs resulted from greater-than-average withdrawals for ir- in unconsolidated deposits under both water-table and rigation. Water levels in Parowan Valley generally artesian conditions. have declined since 1950, although rises have occurred Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in during 1973-74, 1983-85, and 1996-99. The rises are Parowan Valley in 2000 was about 30,000 acre-feet, probably the result of greater-than-average precipita- which is about 4,000 acre-feet more than the revised tion during those periods. value for 1999 and 2,000 acre-feet more than the re- Precipitation at Parowan Power Plant in 2000 was vised average annual withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 13.02 inches, which is 0.47 inch more than the average and 3). annual precipitation for 1935-2000 and 5.93 inches The location of wells in Parowan Valley in which more than in 1999. The concentration of dissolved sol- the water level was measured during March 2001 is ids in water from well (C-33-8)31ccc-1 has shown little shown in figure 26. The relation of the water level in change since 1976 (fig. 27).

78 EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits 1 Observation well 112°45' 112°40'

3 Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 27

R. 7 W.

112°50' T. 32 S. ash W 38°00'

Fremont

36 31

16 15

112°55' T. 33 S.

37°55'

Little Salt Lake

2 4

31 Paragonah 3 CLIFFS 5 383 16 R. 8 W. 6 8 7

10 Parowan HURRICANE T. 34 S. 37°50' 9 Parowan

Creek 15 R. 9 W.

0 1 2 3 MILES

Summit 0 1 2 3 KILOMETERS

R. 10 W.

Figure 26. Location of wells in Parowan Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

79 70 1 (C-31-7)31cca-1 75 G G G GG G 80 G G G G G G GGG G G G GG 85 G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 90 G 95 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

70 G 2 G G (C-33-8)28cda-1 GGGG G 80 G G G G GG 90 G G GG 100 G G 110 G G G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 120 G 130 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10 3

G G G G 0 G G GG G G G GG G (C-33-9)32ccd-4 G GGG G -10 GG G G G G -20 C CCC

WATER LEVEL, C C (C-33-9)32ccd-5 C

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -30 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 4

G G G G G G G G G G GG GGG GGG GG G 25 G GG G G G G (C-33-9)35bac-1 GGG G G G G G 50 G G C CC WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE C C (C-33-9)35bac-2 C C 75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 27. Relation of water level in selected wells in Parowan Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Parowan Power Plant, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-33-8)31ccc-1.

80 10 5 G G G GG GGG G 20 G G G G G G GG G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G 30 G G G G G G G GG G G G 40 GGG G G G G WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 50 G G (C-34-8)5bca-1 GG G 60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 6 (C-34-9)7ccc-1GG GG G G G GG 20 GG G G No record GGGGG GG GG (C-34-9)7aad-1 G GG G GG G G G G 40 G G CCC G G C WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G GGGG 60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 G 7 G G G G G G GG G G G (C-34-9)8dad-2 G GGGGG G G G GG 40 G G G GG G G G 60 G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G 80 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

50 8 (C-34-9)11aac-1 (C-34-9)11bca-1 G G G 100 G G G G G G G GG GGGGG G GG G GGG G G G G G GG G 150 G G G

WATER LEVEL, GC CC IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE C CC C 200 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

81 150 G 9 G GGG GG G G G (C-34-9)20cda-1 G G G 160 G GG GGG G G 170 G G GG GG 180 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

190 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

G 40 G 10 G G G 50 (C-34-10)13cbd-1 G G G G GG G G GG G G 60 GG GG G GGG G G 70 G G GG GGG G G G

WATER LEVEL, G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 80 G G G G GG G G 90 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

82 from well(C-33-8)31ccc-1—Continued. precipitation atParowanPower Plant,toannualwithdrawalfromwells,andconcentration ofdissolvedsolidsinwater Figure 27. CONCENTRATION OF WITHDRAWAL, CUMULATIVE DISSOLVED SOLIDS, IN THOUSANDS DEPARTURE, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER OF ACRE-FEET IN INCHES 1,000 + 250 500 750 -30 -20 -10 Relationofwaterlevelinselected wellsinParowanValleytocumulativedeparturefrom averageannual 10 10 20 30 40 0 0

1930 1930 1930 20,200 acre-feet 1938-40, 1945-2000averageannualwithdrawal 1963-2000 Total 1938-40, 1945-62Irrigationonly 12.55 inches 1935-2000 averageannualprecipitation Parowan PowerPlant D C E 2 mileswestofParagonah (C-33-8)31ccc-1 Calculated fromspecificconductance Residue onevaporationat180degreesCelsius Sum ofdeterminedconstituents 1935 1935 1935

1940 1940 1940

1945 1945 1945 Precipitation measuredatParowanAirportpriortoNovember1983

1950 1950 1950

1955 1955 1955

1960 C 1960 1960 No record C C E 1965 D 1965 1965 D D 1970 1970 1970 E E E E

1975 E 1975 1975 E E C D

1980 E 1980 1980 E D D E

1985 D 1985 1985 E D E D

1990 E 1990 1990 E E E D

1995 D 1995 1995 E E D D 2000 2000 2000

2005 2005 2005 83 ESCALANTE VALLEY Water levels from March 2000 to March 2001 generally declined in most of the Milford area as a re- Milford Area sult of increased withdrawals for irrigation. Rises occurred in the extreme north and south areas of the valley because of less demand for water use. Hydrographs for By B.A. Slaugh selected wells show that water levels generally have declined since the early 1950s in the south-central Mil- The Milford area is in southwest Utah in parts of ford area in response to long-term increased Millard, Beaver, and Iron Counties, between about withdrawal. Water-level rises during 1983-85 resulted Townships 24 South and 31 South and Ranges 10 West from greater-than-average precipitation during 1982- and 14 West. 85 and increased recharge from record flow in the Bea- Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in ver River during 1983-84. the Milford area of the Escalante Valley in 2000 was Precipitation at Black Rock in 2000 was 11.44 about 49,000 acre-feet, which is 8,000 acre-feet more inches, 5.20 inches more than in 1999 and 2.34 inches than was reported for 1999 and the same as the average annual withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). The in- more than the 1952-2000 average annual precipitation. crease in withdrawals was mainly the result of in- Most of the increase resulted from precipitation in Oc- creased irrigation. tober and November 2000. The location of wells measured in the Milford area Discharge of the Beaver River in 2000 was about during March 2001 is shown in figure 28. The relation 13,000 acre-feet, which is 16,200 acre-feet less than the of water levels in selected wells to cumulative depar- 1931-35, 1938-2000 average annual discharge. From ture from the average annual precipitation at Black 1950 to 1983, the concentration of dissolved solids in Rock, to annual discharge of the Beaver River at Rocky water from well (C-28-11)25dcd-1 increased from Ford Dam, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to about 500 to almost 2,000 milligrams per liter. Since concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C- 1983, concentrations have decreased to about 400 mil- 28-11) 25dcd-1 is shown in figure 29. ligrams per liter in 2000.

84 113°00'

38°45'

EXPLANATION T. 24 S. Black Rock Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

Observation well 1 Observation well with corresponding Antelope hydrograph—Number refers to Spring hydrograph in figure 29

Cove Creek

1 T. 25 S.

River

MILLARD COUNTY BEAVER COUNTY Read

T. 26 S.

eaver

38°30'

2 ROCKY RANGE MOUNTAINS

T. 27 S. 257 AL

21 ER

MIN

Low Line

Milford

C anal TH E T. 28 S. 3 PA SS 4

6 R. 9 W. BRADSHAW MOUNTAIN 7

T. 29 S. HITE Union Pacific 129 W UNTAIN Beaver River O M 113°15'

38°15' 21

9 5

Thermo Minersville Siding

8 T. 30 S. 130 10

BEAVER COUNTY IRON COUNTY

T. 31 S.

R. 11 W. R. 10 W. BLUE KNOLL 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES R. 14 W. R. 13 W. R. 12 W. 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

Figure 28. Location of wells in the Milford area in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

85 15 1

(C-25-10)26caa-1 G

16 G No record GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G GGG 17 G G GG GG G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

G 18 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

340 2 (C-27-10)12ddd-1 341 GG

GG 342 G GGG GG G GGGG G GGG GG 343 G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

344 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 3

G G G G G (C-28-10)19add-3 GG G G G GG G G G 20 G G G GGG G G G G G GGG G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 4 (C-28-10)28cdd-1 G G G GG G G 25 G GG G G G G GGG G G GG G G G G G G G GG G G G GG G G GG G G G G G GG G 50 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 29. Relation of water level in selected wells in the Milford area to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Black Rock, to annual discharge of the Beaver River at Rocky Ford Dam, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-28-11)25dcd-1.

86 100 5

110 (C-29-10)35ccd-1 GGG G G G 120 G G

G G G 130 GG GG G G G G GG G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 140 G G G G G GG G 150 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 6 GG GG G G G G G GG 40 GG G GGG No record G GGGGG GG GGGG GG G 50 GG G GG GGG G G GG G 60 GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (C-29-11)4baa-1

70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 7 G GG G G GG G G 50 GGG G GG GG G G G GG G GGG G G GGG G GG G G GGGGGG G 75 G GG G (C-29-11)13add-1 GGG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

80 8 GG G 85 G G GG G G GG G 90 G G G G G G G G G G GGG GG G 95 GG G G G G G GG GGG GG (C-30-11)24ccb-1 GGGG G WATER LEVEL, 100 IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

105 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

87 50 9 (C-30-12)3ddd-1 GG G G G G G GGG GGG G 55 G G G G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

43 10

G G 44 G GG G G G G G G GG GGGG GGG GGG GG 45 No record GG

GG (C-30-13)34bba-1 G 46 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

47 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

88 +10 Black Rock 1952-2000 average annual precipitation 9.10 inches 0

-10 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, Precipitation total for October and November 2000 were estimated -20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150

100 Beaver River at Rocky Ford Dam 1931-35, 1938-2000 average annual discharge 29,200 acre-feet

50 DISCHARGE, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1931-2000 average annual 50 withdrawal 39,600 acre-feet

25 WITHDRAWAL, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

2,000 E E Sum of determined constituents E C D Residue on evaporation at 180 degrees Celsius E DD E D E E Calculated from specific conductance C D E D D E E E DE D E D 1,000 D E No record E E E E E E E E E E E (C-28-11)25dcd-1 D E E E 4 miles southwest of Milford DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 0 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

89 ESCALANTE VALLEY drawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-34-16)28dcc-2 is shown in Beryl-Enterprise Area figure 31. Water levels generally declined from March 1999 By H.K. Christiansen to 2001 in the Beryl-Enterprise area. There has been a general decline in water levels throughout the valley The Beryl-Enterprise area covers about 800 square since 1950. The declines are a result of continued large miles in the southern end of Escalante Valley, between withdrawal for irrigation since 1950. A decline of about about Townships 31 South and 37 South and Ranges 12 100 feet since 1948 is shown in well (C-36-16)29daa-1, West and 18 West. about 5 miles northeast of Enterprise. A rise in water Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in level is shown in well (C-36-15)5ccc-1 located about 2 the Beryl-Enterprise area in 2000 was about 84,000 miles northwest of Newcastle. The rise is probably the acre-feet, which is 5,000 acre-feet more than in 1999 result of recharge from greater-than-average precipita- and 4,000 acre-feet more than the average annual with- tion. drawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). The increase was mainly the result of increased withdrawals for irriga- Precipitation at Modena in 2000 was 12.73 inches, tion. which is 2.29 inches more than the average annual pre- The location of wells in the Beryl-Enterprise area cipitation for 1936-2000 and 5.91 inches more than in in which the water level was measured during March 1999. Concentration of dissolved solids in water from 2001 is shown in figure 30. The relation of the water well (C-34-16)28dcc-2 has increased from about 460 level in selected wells to cumulative departure from av- milligrams per liter in 1967 to about 660 milligrams per erage annual precipitation at Modena, to annual with- liter in 2000.

90 113°25' 113°15'

38°05' T. 31 S.

IC S IF IN C NTA A OU P M N IO N 113°35' U

T. 32 S. AH W Lund AH W 1 113°45'

T. 33 S.

37°55' 2 Zane Beryl Avon

3 Table 113°55' Butte

T. 34 S. 4

Modena

7 R. 14 W. 37°45' Iron Springs ANTELOPE RANGE T. 35 S. 6 Beryl Junction R. 17 W. 8 9

R. 18 W. 56 R. 12 W.

18 Newcastle IR Newcastle ON MO T. 36 S. Reservoir UN Pinto Creek T AIN 10 R. 15 W.

IRON COUNTY M R. 13 W. EXPLANATION o u WASHINGTON COUNTY n t a i Sho n 37 35' al Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits ° Enterprise M Creek e a d 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES o T. 37 S. w Observation well 11 C 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS r e

k 9 Pine Creek Observation well with corresponding R. 16 W. hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 31 91 Figure 30. Location of wells in the Beryl-Enterprise area in which the water level was measured during March 2001. 2 1 G

G GG 3 G G G G G G G G G G GG GG G G G GGG No record GG G G G G G G G G G 4 G GG G GG WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (C-32-14)28bbb-1 G

5 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

60 2 G G GG GGGG (C-33-16)30aac-1 GGG GGG GGG G 65 G GG G G G GG GGG GG GG GG 70 GG GG GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

5 G 3 GG GG (C-34-15)1bad-1 GG GG GG GG

G 10 G GGG G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 15 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 4

G G (C-34-16)22bad-1 GGG GG GG 30 GG G G G G G G G 40 G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G 50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 31. Relation of water level in selected wells in the Beryl-Enterprise area to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Modena, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-34-16)28dcc-2.

92 10 G 5

G 20 GG GG GG GG 30 No record GG GGG GGG GG GG 40 GG GGG GG GGG 50 G GG GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE GG 60 (C-35-15)6cdd-1 GG GG 70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 6 G G GG GG 50 G GG GG G GG GGGG 75 GGG GG G GGGG GGGG GG GG 100 G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G (C-35-16)33bcc-1 G GG GG GG 125 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 7

G G GG GG 60 GG GG GGGG GGG G GG G GGGG 80 GGG GG GG GG GG GG 100 GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE GG (C-35-17)14ccc-1 G 120 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

40 8 GG GG 60 GGG G GG G 80 GG GGGG GGG GG 100 GGGGG GG G GG GGGG G WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 120 G GG (C-35-17)36dcc-1 G GGG 140 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

93 75 9 G G

100 GGG

G G 125 G GGGG No record GGG GG GG G G 150 GG G

WATER LEVEL, G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (C-36-15)5ccc-1 G GG GGG 175 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

75 10 G G G G GG 100 G G G GG GG G 125 GG GGGG GGGG GG G G G G GG GGG 150 G GG GG G G G WATER LEVEL, GG G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 175 G GGG (C-36-16)29daa-1 G 200 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 11 GG (C-37-17)14dcd-2 G 20 G G G GG G GG G G G G GG 30 G No record G G G G G G G G G 40 G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G 50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

94 + 30 Modena + 15 16 miles northwest of Beryl Junction

0 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -15 1936-2000 average annual precipitation 10.44 inches -30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150

1937, 1940, 1945-2000 average annual 100 withdrawal 67,500 acre-feet

50 ACRE-FEET WITHDRAWAL, IN THOUSANDS OF 0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1,000 (C-34-16)28dcc-2 6 miles south-southeast of Beryl 750 No record E E E E E D E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E D EE E D E 500 DD E E Sum of determined constituents D Calculated from specific conductance DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 250 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

95 CENTRAL VIRGIN RIVER AREA Virgin River at Virgin, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at St. George, to annual By H.K. Christiansen withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-41-17)17cba-1 is The central Virgin River area is between the south shown in figure 33. end of the Pine Valley Mountains and the Hurricane Water levels from February 2000 to February Cliffs to the east and the Beaver Dam Mountains to the 2001 in the central Virgin River area generally declined southwest. Major ground-water development includes in the Santa Clara River drainage and most of the Vir- water from valley-fill aquifers used primarily for irrigation and water from consolidated rock and valley fill, gin River drainage. Some rises were observed near which is used primarily for public supply. Most of the Hurricane and St. George in the Virgin River drainage. wells measured are near the Virgin and Santa Clara Data from wells along the Santa Clara River and the Rivers. Virgin River indicate that water-level fluctuations have Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in shown the same general trend as discharge of the rivers. the central Virgin River area in 2000 was about 35,000 Water levels in the Fort Pierce Wash area have contin- acre-feet, which is 7,000 acre-feet more than was re- ued to decline since 1961. The declines are probably ported for 1999 and 17,000 acre-feet more than the av- the result of increased withdrawals for public supply erage annual withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 and 3). and irrigation. Withdrawal for irrigation increased by about 2,500 Discharge of the Virgin River at Virgin in 2000 acre-feet from 1999 to 2000 in part because estimates was about 94,100 acre-feet, which is 2,500 acre-feet for irrigated areas east of Hurricane and in the Harmony Basin east of New Harmony are included. Withdrawal more than the revised value of 91,600 acre-feet for for industry in 2000 was the same as in 1999. With- 1999 and about 40,400 acre-feet less than the long-term drawal for public supply was 4,400 acre-feet more than average for 1931-70, 1979-2000. Precipitation at St. in 1999. George in 2000 was 6.95 inches, which is 1.12 inches The location of wells in the central Virgin River less than the average annual precipitation for 1947- area in which the water level was measured during Feb- 2000 and 1.43 inches more than in 1999. The concen- ruary 2001 is shown in figure 32. The relation of the tration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-41- water level in selected wells to annual discharge of the 17)17cba-1indicateslittleoverallchangesince1966.

96 113 45' 113 15' ° 113°30' °

Toquerville 37°15' Silver Reef PINE VALLEY MOUNTAINS Quail k ee SNOW CANYON Cr s STATE PARK d rk e eek o e Leeds r Snow Canyon L F C LaVerkin Creek rth o Ash N T. 41 S. La Verkin 15 Virgin River Creek S Ivins F Virgin Santa Reservoir 18 Hurricane LIF Clara C Shivwits 15 Ivins

E R 1 59 iv 4 N er Harrisburg 2 A Junction RIC Washington R

5 Santa Clara HU T. 42 S. 6 B E A V E St George R D A M M O U 9 3 N T A SAND IN 7 S MOUNTAIN

W Fort Pierce A R Bloomington N E LITTLE CREEK T. 43 S. R V MOUNTAINS 91 A River LL 8 EY gin Vir 15 W ash 37°00' WASHINGTON COUNTY UTAH MOHAVE COUNTY ARIZONA R.17 W. R. 16 W. R. 15 W. R. 14 W. R. 13 W. R. 12 W.

0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of valley-fill deposits

Observation well

3 Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 33

97 Figure 32. Location of wells in the central Virgin River area in which the water level was measured during February 2001. 100 1

(C-42-13)6bcc-1 GG 102 G GG G

G 104 GG GG G G G G 106 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

108 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 2 GG G GG (C-42-14)12dbb-1 G GG G 40 G G G G G G G G GG GG 50 GG G G

60 G GG

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

20 3 G G 21 (C-42-15)34dba-2 G G G G 22 G G G G G G G G GG 23 G G GG G G G G G 24 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 25 G G 26 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

25 4 G (C-42-16)5bbb-1 G GG 30 G G G GG G G G 35 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 33. Relation of water level in selected wells in the central Virgin River area to annual discharge of the Virgin River at Virgin, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at St. George, to annual withdrawal from wells, and to concentration of dissolved solids in water from well (C-41-17)17cba-1.

98 0 5 G G (C-42-16)16bcc-2 G G G G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G GG G G G 10 G GG G G GG G G G G G G G 20 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 6

(C-42-16)22cba-1 G G G G G G GGG G GG G G G G G GG GGG 20 GG GG GG G GGGGG G G G G GG G G GG 30 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

35 7

(C-43-15)4ddc-1

G G G 40 G GG G G G G GG G GGG G

45 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

99 0 8 (C-43-15)25ddd-1 GG G G 50 GG G G G GG GG GGG GG GG 100 No record G GG GG WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE GG GGG 150 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

4 9

(C-43-16)1aca-1 6 G

G G G G GGG GG G 8 G G G G G G

10 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

12 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

100 300 Virgin River at Virgin 1931-70, 1979-2000 average annual discharge 134,500 acre-feet 200

100 DISCHARGE, OF ACRE-FEET IN THOUSANDS No record 0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10

-10

-20 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, St. George -30 1947-2000 average annual precipitation 8.07 inches

-40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

30 1970-2000 average annual withdrawal 17,500 acre-feet 20

ACRE-FEET 10 WITHDRAWAL, IN THOUSANDS OF 0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

325

E Sum of determined constituents E D Calculated from specific conductance E 300 D DD DE E D D D D E D D D D E D E E DE D 275 No record E D (C-41-17)17cba-1 E 3 miles northwest of Shivwits D DISSOLVED SOLIDS, CONCENTRATION OF 250 IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 2005 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

101 OTHER AREAS rose in most of the selected wells from 1998-2001. The rises probably resulted from greater-than-average precipitation. By M.J. Fisher The location of wells in Sanpete Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001 is Total estimated withdrawal of water from wells in shown in figure 36. The relation of the water level in the areas of Utah listed below in 2000 was about wells in Sanpete Valley to cumulative departure from 140,000 acre-feet, which is 34,000 acre-feet more than average annual precipitation at Manti is shown in figure the estimate for 1999 and 33,000 acre-feet more than 37. Water levels in many of the selected wells rose from the average annual withdrawal for 1990-99 (tables 2 the late 1970s to the mid-1980s as a result of greater- and 3). In the areas listed below, withdrawal in 2000 than-average precipitation and have declined since the was greater than in 1999 except in the Dugway area, mid-1980s. Water levels declined in most of the select- Skull Valley, and Old River Bed. The increase in with- ed wells from 1999 to 2001. The declines probably re- drawal resulted from increased irrigation, industrial, sulted from increased withdrawal for irrigation and and public supply use. public supply use. The relation of the water level in wells in selected The location of wells in Cedar Valley, Utah Coun- areas of Utah (see accompanying table) to cumulative ty, in which the water level was measured during departure from average annual precipitation at sites in March 2001 is shown in figure 34. The relation of the or near those areas is shown in figure 38. Water levels water level in wells in Cedar Valley, Utah County, to generally declined in most of the selected observation cumulative departure from average annual precipita- wells from 1999 to 2001. The declines probably result- tion at Fairfield is shown in figure 35. Water levels in ed from increased withdrawals for public supply, in- the selected wells generally rose during the 1970s. Wa- dustry, and local irrigation. Water-level rises in some of ter levels rose sharply from the early to mid-1980s as a the areas from 2000 to 2001 probably resulted from result of greater-than-average precipitation, but gener- greater-than-average precipitation and (or) increased ally have declined since the mid-1980s because of con- local recharge from surface water. tinued withdrawal and less precipitation. Water levels

Estimated withdrawal (acre-feet) Number in Area 2000 ﬁgure 1 1999 Public Domestic 2000 total total Irrigation Industrial supply and stock (rounded) (rounded) 1 Grouse Creek Valley 4,100 0 0 20 4,100 3,900 2Park Valley 2,600 0 0 10 2,600 2,200 4 Malad-lower Bear River Valley 5,400 900 5,400 200 11,900 8,200 8 Ogden Valley 0 0 15,900 20 15,900 11,600 13 Rush Valley 4,800 280 290 30 5,400 4,900 14 Dugway area, Skull Valley, and 2,600 3,500 1,500 10 7,600 8,400 Old River Bed 15 Cedar Valley, Utah County 5,500 0 570 40 6,100 5,100 20 Sanpete Valley 5,400 530 640 4,000 10,600 8,100 25 Snake Valley 11,400 0 90 50 11,500 6,900 27 Beaver Valley 12,400 20 480 410 13,300 9,600 Remainder of State 14,300 19,000 15,100 2,500 50,900 37,500 Total (rounded) 68,500 24,200 40,000 7,300 140,000 106,000

102 112°05' 112°00'

73 EXPLANATION

Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits

T. 5 S. Observation well

1 Observation well with corresponding hydrograph—Number refers to hydrograph in figure 35 1

40°20' Cedar Fort 16

T. 6 S.

3 4 Fairfield

73 36 31 40°15'

16 LAKE MOUNTAINS

T. 7 S.

40°10' 36 31

T. 8 S.

0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS R. 2 W. R. 1 W.

Figure 34. Location of wells in Cedar Valley, Utah County, in which the water level was measured during March 2001.

103 220 1 G G G (C-5-2)34dab-1 GG G G GG 230 G G G GGGG G

GG 240 GG No record GGGG GG GG G 250 G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

260 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

70 2 GG G G (C-6-2)15bbb-1 G G G 85 G G GG GG G GGG GGGG G GGGG G 100 G G G G G G 115 G G G WATER LEVEL, GG IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 130 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

45 3 (C-6-2)26cbb-1 G GG G GG G 50 G GG G G G G GG G G 55 G G G GGG G G G GGG G 60 G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 65 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 35. Relation of water level in selected wells in Cedar Valley, Utah County, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Fairfield.

104 + 20 G 4 (C-6-2)29cac-1 G G G +10 G No record G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG GG G G GGG GG G G G GG GG G GG G G G G 0 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -10 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+25 Fairfield 1943-2000 average annual precipitation 11.86 inches 0

-25 IN INCHES CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 35. Relation of water level in selected wells in Cedar Valley, Utah County, to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Fairfield—Continued.

105 111°30' UTAH COUNTY SANPETE COUNTY

T. 12 S. 89

39°45'

111°45'

Milburn

T. 13 S.

TE PLA 31 Fountain Green

Fairview

TC Y

T 1

N TY

132 ASA

OU OU

C T. 14 S. C

TE er iv

AB R

PE JU

AN Pitch S San Freedom (2 wells) Mount Pleasant Moroni 2 116

Wales Reservoir 117 T. 15 S. 39°30' Wales Spring City Chester

89 R. 5 E.

S T. 16 S.

A er T

iv N R U

Ephraim

H C 3

N P 89 itch AU

A P T. 17 S.

S TE LA P

n Sa

4 Manti EXPLANATION H

39°15' ATC S T. 18 S. A Approximate boundary of basin-fill deposits W Gunnison Reservoir Observation well

4 Observation well with corresponding Sterling R. 3 E. R. 4 E. hydrograph—Number refers to Nine Mile Reservoir hydrograph in figure 37

T. 19 S.

Mayfield 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS

T. 20 S.

R. 2 E. Figure 36. Location of wells in Sanpete Valley in which the water level was measured during March 2001. 106 25 G 1 G GG (D-14-2)13aaa-1 GG G G GG G GG G G G G G 20 GG GGG G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG GGG 15 G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE G 10 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0 2 G (D-15-4)4dda-1 GG G 10 G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 20 G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 30 G G G GG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

10 3 (D-17-3)9cbd-1 GG 20 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 30 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G G G

WATER LEVEL, GG G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G G G 50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 37. Relation of water level in selected wells in Sanpete Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Manti.

107 70 4

G 75 G G G G G G G G G G GG G G GG G G G G G G 80 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 85 GG G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (D-18-2)12bab-1 G GG 90 G 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 20

-20 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, Manti 1935-2000 average annual precipitation 13.27 inches -40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 37. Relation of water level in selected wells in Sanpete Valley to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at Manti–Continued.

108 10 Grouse Creek Valley (B-10-18)16dda-1 G G G 20 G

G G 30 G G G G G G G G 40 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL, G G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 50

60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

5 G

G (B-13-13)28ddd-2 Park Valley 10 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 15 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 20 Precipitation total for Grouse Creek June 2000 was estimated + 10 1959-2000 average annual precipitation 11.22 inches

0 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -10

-20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas.

109 4 (B-10-3)3cdd-1 Malad-lower Bear River Valley G 5 G G G G G G G 6 G G G G G G G G G G G G G 7 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

8 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 20

-20

IN INCHES -40 Ogden Pioneer Powerhouse CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, 1937-2000 average annual precipitation 21.82 inches -60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 5 (A-13-5)21dab-1 Bear Lake Valley

No record G G G G G G 0 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G -5 G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET ABOVE (+) OR -10 BELOW (-) LAND SURFACE 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10 Laketown 0 1936-2000 average annual precipitation 12.32 inches -10

-20 IN INCHES CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -30

-40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

110 2

(A-12-7)26bba-2 upper Bear River Valley G 4 G G G G G G G G G 6 G G G G G No record G G G G G G G G G G G 8 G G G G G G G G G G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 10 G 12 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10

-10 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -20 Woodruff 1948-2000 average annual precipitation 9.46 inches -30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

(A-6-2)18bad-1 Ogden Valley G G G G G G G G G G G 20 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 30 G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 25

-25

Precipitation total for IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -50 Pine View Dam December 2000 1953-2000 average annual precipitation 30.68 inches was estimated -75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

111 25

(D-2-4)8aaa-1 Park City area G G 30 G G G G GG G G G G

35 G

40 WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 45 G 50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 50 Silver Lake near Brighton 1931-2000 average annual precipitation 42.79 inches 0

-50 IN INCHES CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

112 4 G (D-3-5)29cac-1 Heber Valley 6 G G G No record G G G G G 8 G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G 10 G G G G WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G G G G G G G G G G 12 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

1 G G (D-2-6)20dcc-1 Kamas Valley GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 2 G G G GG

G G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

3 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+20

+10

-10 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, Heber City -20 1936-2000 average annual precipitation 16.05 inches

-30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

113 5 G G G U(B-1-1)31ddb-1 Duchesne River area at Neola G G G G G 7 G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 9 G G G G G G 11 WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 13 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10

+ 5

IN INCHES -5 Roosevelt CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, 1940-2000 average annual precipitation 7.41 inches -10 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

4 G G GG GG 6 GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG 8 G G G G No record G G GG G GG G GG 10 WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (D-4-21)14cdd-1 Vernal area G

12 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 5 0 -5 -10 -15 IN INCHES Precipitation total CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, Vernal Airport -20 for December 2000 1949-2000 average annual precipitation 8.19 inches was estimated -25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

114 5

(C-8-5)20cdd-1 Rush Valley area G G 10 G GG G GG G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G GG G GG G 15 G GG G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

70 G G G GG G G G G GG G G G G GGGG G G G G 80 G G G G G G GG G G G GGG G G G GG GG G 90 GGGGG WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE (C-7-8)10cbd-1 Dugway area

100 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 20 Dugway 1946-2000 average annual precipitation 7.65 inches 0

-20 IN INCHES CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

115 6 Snake Valley (C-11-16)6cbc-4 G

G Not measured in 2001 G G 4 G G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G G GG G GG G G G G G G G G G 2 G G G G G G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET ABOVE LAND SURFACE

0 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

(C-22-19)6bcc-1 Snake Valley 55 G G G 60 G G G G G G GG G 65 G G G GG G G G G GG G GG G G

WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 70 GG G G G 75 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10

-10

-20 IN INCHES CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -30 Callao 1939-2000 average annual precipitation 5.62 inches -40 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

116 10 (C-29-7)28dbd-1 Beaver Valley

G 15 GG GG G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G 20 G G G G G GG G G G

WATER LEVEL, G

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 25 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 10 Precipitation measured at Parowan Airport prior to November 1983 0

-10

IN INCHES Parowan Power Plant CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -20 1935-2000 average annual precipitation 12.55 inches -30 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

150

GG G (D-33-24)30dab-1 Monticello area GG GGGG GGG GGGGGGGGG GGGG GG G GGGG G G 175 G G G

200 GGG WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE

225 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+25

-25 IN INCHES Monticello CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, 1955-2000 average annual precipitation 15.45 inches

-50 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

117 0 (D-26-22)27aaa-1 Spanish Valley GG G G G 20 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G 40 GG G G G WATER LEVEL, G IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G G 60 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

110

(D-36-22)34abb-1 Blanding area G G GG G GGG G GG GGG 120 GG G GG G G G G GGG G G G GGGG G G G GGGGG G G G G G G 130 WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G

140 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+ 20

+10

0 IN INCHES

CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE, -10 Bluff 1931-2000 average annual precipitation 7.82 inches -20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

118 20 G G G G G (C-36-3)6dba-1 G G G G G G G G G G 30 G G G G G G G G G upper Sevier Valley G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 40 G G G G G G G G G G G 50 WATER LEVEL,

IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE 60 G

70 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

+10 Panguitch 1935-2000 average annual precipitation 9.96 inches 0

-10 IN INCHES CUMULATIVE DEPARTURE,

-20 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

8 (D-28-4)36cdb-1 upper Fremont River Valley

10 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 12 G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G

G G G 14 G G WATER LEVEL, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE G 16 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Figure 38. Relation of water level in wells in selected areas of Utah to cumulative departure from average annual precipitation at sites in or near those areas—Continued.

119 REFERENCES National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2000, Climatological data, Utah: Asheville, N.C., National Climatic Data Center, v. 100, no. 1-12, [variously paged]. Burden, C.B., and others, 2000, Ground-water conditions in Utah, Spring of 2000: Utah Division of Water Resources Cooperative Investigations Report No. 41, 140 p.

120