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Michel Ecochard (1905-1985)

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Michel Ecochard (1905-1985) CITÉ DE L’ARCHITECTURE ET DU PATRIMOINE Institut français d’architecture Centre d’archives d’architecture du XX e siècle MICHEL ECOCHARD (1905-1985) Notice biographique Extrait de : Dion (Mathilde). Notices biographiques d’architectes français , Paris : Ifa/Archives d’architecture du XX e siècle, 1991. 2 vol. (rapport dactyl. pour la dir. du Patrimoine). SOMMAIRE ÉLÉMENTS BIOGRAPHIQUES ............................................................................................ 3 IDENTIFICATION........................................................................................................................... 3 FAMILLE........................................................................................................................................... 3 LIEUX DE RÉSIDENCE.................................................................................................................. 3 FORMATION.................................................................................................................................... 3 CARRIÈRE........................................................................................................................................ 4 CULTURE.......................................................................................................................................... 4 RELATIONS PROFESSIONNELLES ........................................................................................... 4 HISTOIRE ANECDOTIQUE .......................................................................................................... 5 ŒUVRE ..................................................................................................................................... 6 ŒUVRE CONSTRUITE................................................................................................................... 6 PROJETS ........................................................................................................................................... 8 ŒUVRE HISTORIQUE ................................................................................................................... 8 STYLE ................................................................................................................................................ 8 IMPORTANCE HISTORIQUE....................................................................................................... 9 RAYONNEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 9 DOCUMENTATION............................................................................................................... 11 PUBLICATIONS............................................................................................................................. 11 SOURCES ........................................................................................................................................ 14 BIBLIOGRAPHIE .......................................................................................................................... 14 2 ÉLÉMENTS BIOGRAPHIQUES IDENTIFICATION Nom : Écochard. Prénoms : Michel. Surnoms : utilise le pseudonyme de Donville pour la revue Esprit . Date et lieu de naissance : né le 11 mars 1905 à Paris. Date et lieu de décès : décédé le 24 mai 1985. Profession : architecte, urbaniste, archéologue. FAMILLE Liens de parenté Fils de Georges Écochard, décorateur et de Mme Jeanine Bataille. Mariages Marié Descendants Cinq enfants: Jean Écochard, Aline Antoine, Marc Écochard, Sylvie Grivet, Thessa Écochard. LIEUX DE RÉSIDENCE Adresses professionnelles 1951 5 av. Roosevelt à Rabat (Maroc). 1955-1957 Agence Écochard, Riboulet, Thurnauer au 55 bd Montparnasse à Paris. 1957-1985 Agence Écochard au 55 bd Montparnasse à Paris. 1965 BP n° 377 à Damas, Syrie. Adresse privée 94 rue Thiers à Boulogne-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine. FORMATION Scolarité Fait une partie de ses études dans un séminaire. Ne finit pas ses études et travaille comme garçon de course puis chez un architecte. Études supérieures Admis à l’École des beaux-arts de Paris en 1925. Diplômé le 9 juin 1932, 151 e promotion, n° 3146. Principaux professeurs et chefs d’ateliers Inscrit dans l’atelier de Paul Bigot puis de Lemaresquier. Agences Agence privée depuis 1953: 1955-1957 Agence Écochard-Riboulet-Thurnauer, fondée pour le projet de Karachi. 1957-1985 Agence Écochard. 3 CARRIÈRE Titres officiels • Architecte en chef BCPN en 1965. • Membre du Conseil supérieur des Bâtiments civils. Lieux et dates de fonction • Architecte du Service des Antiquités en Syrie. • Architecte conseil du gouvernement syrien de 1932 à 1939. • Directeur du Service de l’Urbanisme en Syrie de 1940 à 1944. • Directeur du Service de l’Urbanisme au Maroc de 1947 à 1953. • Inspecteur de l’Urbanisme et de l’Habitation au Service d’aménagement de la Région parisienne, vers 1947. Appartenance 0 des organismes professionnels • Inscrit à l’Ordre des architectes le 24 janvier 1957, n° d’ordre régional: 3187. • Délégué du groupe CIAM-Maroc. • Membre de la SADG en 1948. Missions 1945 Mission d’étude aux États-Unis avec Le Corbusier et Vladimir Bodiansky. Vers 1947 Mission d’étude sur le logement des réfugiés à Karachi confiée par l’ONU. Distinctions honorifiques • Grand Prix d’architecture du CEA en 1964. • Médaille d’or de créateur de la Société d’encouragement à l’Art et l’Industrie en 1967. • Grande médaille d’argent de l’Académie d’architecture en 1981. • Mention spéciale du Jury du Grand Prix national d’architecture en 1982. • Prix de la Fondation Agha Khan en 1983. CULTURE Résumé Anglais, parlé et écrit. Autres centres d’intérêt Écochard est un champion cycliste d’un haut niveau qui lui aurait permis de devenir professionnel. Il est également passionné de vol à voile. RELATIONS PROFESSIONNELLES Collaborateurs Collaborateurs au service de l’urbanisme au Maroc • Architectes: Aujard, Bazot, Chapon, Degez, Deneux, Duru, Godefroy, Hodil, Marozeau, Menneton, Nespola, Roux, Vaugelade. • Ingénieurs: Forichon, Mauret, Mas, Pelletier. Associés, assistants et collaborateurs pour les travaux d’architecture et d’urbanisme • Architectes : Samir Abdulac, Joseph Belmont, Amine Berzi, M. Boy, Jean Louis Boubert, Georges Candilis, Jean Écochard, Henri Edde, Bernard Huet, Pierre Lajus, 4 M. Langley, Claude Le Cœur, Reza Moghtader, N’sangue Akwa, Pierre Riboulet, Pierre Saddy, M. Scriven, Gabriel Tabert, Gérard Thurnauer, M. de Villedary. • Architecte d’opération : Jean Dimitrijevic, Ducharme, Kalt, Lagneau, Loire, Minost, Quintrand, Sémichon, Verola, Weill. • Ingénieurs : Ardab, Nikos Chatzidakis, Desbois, Masey, Stephe, Trouvin. • Urbanistes : G. Banshoya, Roland Dubrulle (architecte), Marc Écochard (géographe), N. Goto, Henri Naccache, M. Pralahan (agronome), M. Raad. Relations politiques • Eugène Claudius Petit, ministre du MRU. • Erik Labonne, Résident général au Maroc en 1947. HISTOIRE ANECDOTIQUE En 1929, pendant ses études, M. Écochard voyage en Autriche où il rencontre Adolf Loos. L’année où il est admis à l’École des beaux-arts, Écochard est contacté par l’équipe Peugeot qui lui offre une place pour le Tour de France. 5 ŒUVRE ŒUVRE CONSTRUITE Principales réalisations 1931 Musée d’Antioche en Turquie. 1932-1936 Travaux de restauration en Syrie en tant qu’architecte du Service des Antiquités: - Madrasa funéraire du Cheik Hassan, - Madrasa des Omeyyades, - Maristan de Nour ed Din, - Maristan Kaimani, - Minaret de la Mosquée de Tengiz, - Minaret Aissai de la Grande Mosquée, - Turbet el Badri, - Turbet du Dar-Dah, - Façades de l’Adihya et de l’Izziyeh, - Palais Azem. 1935-1936 Construction partielle de la maison du directeur de l’Institut français à Damas (Syrie), dans l’enceinte du Palais d’Azem. 1935-1940 Musée de Damas pour le Service des Antiquités du haut-commissariat Français, avec Henry Pearson, architecte et archéologue. 1941 Plan d’aménagement de Douma (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1941 Plan d’aménagement de Mezze (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1941 Plan d’aménagement de Selemieh (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1942 Plan d’aménagement de Djeroud (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1942 Plan d’aménagement de Kuteife (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1942 Plan d’aménagement de Hama (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1943 Plan d’aménagement de Kuneitra (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1943 Plan d’aménagement de Idlib (Syrie), en tant que directeur du Service de l’urbanisme, avec Roland Dubrulle. 1943-1944 Plan d’aménagement, partiellement réalisé, de la ville de Beyrouth (Liban), avec Henri Naccache. 1946-1953 Travaux d’urbanisme au Maroc, en tant que directeur du Service de l’Urbanisme et de l’Architecture du Maroc: - Plan d’aménagement d’Agadir (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement de Casablanca (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement de Fès (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement de Meknès (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement de Port Lyautey (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement de Rabat (Maroc), 6 - Plan d’aménagement des quartiers de Sidi Belyout à Casablanca (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement des quartiers des Carrières centrales à Casablanca (Maroc), - Plan d’aménagement des quartiers de El Mansour à Rabat (Maroc). 1954-1955 Collège protestant français de jeunes
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