Blankenship Publications Sept 2020
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Sex Is a Ubiquitous, Ancient, and Inherent Attribute of Eukaryotic Life
PAPER Sex is a ubiquitous, ancient, and inherent attribute of COLLOQUIUM eukaryotic life Dave Speijera,1, Julius Lukešb,c, and Marek Eliášd,1 aDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; bInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic; cCanadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1Z8; and dDepartment of Biology and Ecology, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic Edited by John C. Avise, University of California, Irvine, CA, and approved April 8, 2015 (received for review February 14, 2015) Sexual reproduction and clonality in eukaryotes are mostly Sex in Eukaryotic Microorganisms: More Voyeurs Needed seen as exclusive, the latter being rather exceptional. This view Whereas absence of sex is considered as something scandalous for might be biased by focusing almost exclusively on metazoans. a zoologist, scientists studying protists, which represent the ma- We analyze and discuss reproduction in the context of extant jority of extant eukaryotic diversity (2), are much more ready to eukaryotic diversity, paying special attention to protists. We accept that a particular eukaryotic group has not shown any evi- present results of phylogenetically extended searches for ho- dence of sexual processes. Although sex is very well documented mologs of two proteins functioning in cell and nuclear fusion, in many protist groups, and members of some taxa, such as ciliates respectively (HAP2 and GEX1), providing indirect evidence for (Alveolata), diatoms (Stramenopiles), or green algae (Chlor- these processes in several eukaryotic lineages where sex has oplastida), even serve as models to study various aspects of sex- – not been observed yet. -
A Gene Required for the Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Harvesting in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803
A gene required for the regulation of photosyuthetic light harvesting in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Daniel Emlyn-Jones B.Sc. (Hons) Department of Biology University College London ProQuest Number: 10013938 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10013938 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 THESIS ABSTRACT In cyanobacteria, state transitions serve to regulate the distribution of excitation energy delivered to the two photosystem reaction centres from the accessory light harvesting system, the phycobilisome. The trigger for state transitions is the redox state of the cytochrome b f complex/plastoquinone pool. The signal transduction events that connect this redox signal to changes in light harvesting are unknown. In order to identify signal transduction factors required for the state transition, random cartridge mutagenesis was employed in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803 to generate a library of random, genetically tagged mutants. The state transition in cyanobacteria is accompanied by a change in fluorescence emission from PS2. By using a fluorescence video imaging system to observe this fluorescence change in mutant colonies it was possible to isolate mutants unable to perform state transitions. -
Additional Analysis of Cyanobacterial Polyamines Distributions Of
Microb. Resour. Syst. Dec.32(2 ):1792016 ─ 186, 2016 Vol. 32, No. 2 Additional analysis of cyanobacterial polyamines ─ Distributions of spermidine, homospermidine, spermine, and thermospermine within the phylum Cyanobacteria ─ Koei Hamana1)*, Takemitsu Furuchi2), Hidenori Hayashi1) and Masaru Niitsu2) 1)Faculty of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology 460-1 Kamisadori-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, Japan 2)Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan To further catalogue the distribution of cyanobacterial cellular polyamines, we used HPLC and HPGC to newly analyze the acid-extracted polyamines from 14 cyanobacteria. The colony-forming Nostoc verrucosum (“Ashitsuki”) and Nostoc commune (“Ishikurage”), as well as Anabaena species (Nostocales), contained homospermidine. The thermo-halotolerant Spirulina subsalsa var. salina (Spirulinales), as well as freshwater Spirulina strains, contained spermidine. Putrescine, spermidine, and homospermidine were found in freshwater colony-forming Aphanothece sacrum (“Suizenji-nori”), whereas the halotolerant Aphanothece halophytica and Microcystis species (Chroococcales) contained spermidine alone. In addition to putrescine, spermidine, homospermidine and agmatine, thermospermine was found as a major polyamine in haloalkaliphilic Arthrospira platensis (“Spirulina”) (Oscillatoriales). In the Synechococcales, chlorophyll b-containing Prochlorococcus marina contained spermidine, and chlorophyll d-containing Acaryochloris marina contained -
Two Unrelated 8-Vinyl Reductases Ensure Production of Mature Chlorophylls in Acaryochloris Marina
crossmark Downloaded from Two Unrelated 8-Vinyl Reductases Ensure Production of Mature Chlorophylls in Acaryochloris marina Guangyu E. Chen,a Andrew Hitchcock,a Philip J. Jackson,a,b Roy R. Chaudhuri,a Mark J. Dickman,b C. Neil Hunter,a Daniel P. Canniffea* a Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom ; ChELSI Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological http://jb.asm.org/ Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdomb ABSTRACT The major photopigment of the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina is chlorophyll d, while its direct biosynthetic precursor, chlorophyll a, is also present in the cell. These pigments, along with the majority of chlorophylls utilized by oxygenic pho- totrophs, carry an ethyl group at the C-8 position of the molecule, having undergone reduction of a vinyl group during biosyn- thesis. Two unrelated classes of 8-vinyl reductase involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophylls are known to exist, BciA and BciB. The genome of Acaryochloris marina contains open reading frames (ORFs) encoding proteins displaying high sequence similar- on April 20, 2016 by PERIODICALS OFFICE, MAIN LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD ity to BciA or BciB, although they are annotated as genes involved in transcriptional control (nmrA) and methanogenesis (frhB), respectively. These genes were introduced into an 8-vinyl chlorophyll a-producing ⌬bciB strain of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, and both were shown to restore synthesis of the pigment with an ethyl group at C-8, demonstrating their activities as 8-vi- nyl reductases. We propose that nmrA and frhB be reassigned as bciA and bciB, respectively; transcript and proteomic analysis of Acaryochloris marina reveal that both bciA and bciB are expressed and their encoded proteins are present in the cell, possibly in order to ensure that all synthesized chlorophyll pigment carries an ethyl group at C-8. -
Functional Basis of Microorganism Classification
RESEARCH ARTICLE Functional Basis of Microorganism Classification Chengsheng Zhu1*, Tom O. Delmont2, Timothy M. Vogel2, Yana Bromberg1,3* 1 Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America, 2 Environmental Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire Ampere, École Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, France, 3 Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany * [email protected] (CZ); [email protected] (YB) Abstract Correctly identifying nearest “neighbors” of a given microorganism is important in industrial and clinical applications where close relationships imply similar treatment. Microbial classifi- cation based on similarity of physiological and genetic organism traits (polyphasic similarity) OPEN ACCESS is experimentally difficult and, arguably, subjective. Evolutionary relatedness, inferred from Citation: Zhu C, Delmont TO, Vogel TM, Bromberg Y phylogenetic markers, facilitates classification but does not guarantee functional identity (2015) Functional Basis of Microorganism Classification. PLoS Comput Biol 11(8): e1004472. between members of the same taxon or lack of similarity between different taxa. Using over doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004472 thirteen hundred sequenced bacterial genomes, we built a novel function-based microor- Editor: Christine A. Orengo, University College ganism classification scheme, functional-repertoire similarity-based organism network London, UNITED KINGDOM (FuSiON; flattened to fusion). Our scheme is phenetic, based on a network of quantitatively Received: March 27, 2015 defined organism relationships across the known prokaryotic space. It correlates signifi- cantly with the current taxonomy, but the observed discrepancies reveal both (1) the incon- Accepted: July 21, 2015 sistency of functional diversity levels among different taxa and (2) an (unsurprising) bias Published: August 28, 2015 towards prioritizing, for classification purposes, relatively minor traits of particular interest to Copyright: © 2015 Zhu et al. -
Journal of Bacteriology
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY Volume 169 June 1987 No. 6 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Assembly of a Chemically Synthesized Peptide of Escherichia coli Type 1 Fimbriae into Fimbria-Like Antigenic Structures. Soman N. Abraham and Edwin H. Beachey ....... 2460-2465 Structure of the Staphylococcus aureus Cell Wall Determined by the Freeze- Substitution Method. Akiko Umeda, Yuji Ueki, and Kazunobu Amako ... 2482-2487 Labeling of Binding Sites for 02-Microglobulin (02m) on Nonfibrillar Surface Structures of Mutans Streptococci by Immunogold and I21m-Gold Electron Microscopy. Dan Ericson, Richard P. Ellen, and Ilze Buivids ........... 2507-2515 Bicarbonate and Potassium Regulation of the Shape of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10449S. Lin Tao, Jason M. Tanzer, and T. J. MacAlister......... 2543-2547 Periodic Synthesis of Phospholipids during the Caulobacter crescentus Cell Cycle. Edward A. O'Neill and Robert A. Bender.............................. 2618-2623 Association of Thioredeoxin with the Inner Membrane and Adhesion Sites in Escherichia coli. M. E. Bayer, M. H. Bayer, C. A. Lunn, and V. Pigiet 2659-2666 Cell Wall and Lipid Composition of Isosphaera pallida, a Budding Eubacterium from Hot Springs. S. J. Giovannoni, Walter Godchaux III, E. Schabtach, and R. W. Castenholz.............................................. 2702-2707 Charge Distribution on the S Layer of Bacillus stearothermophilus NRS 1536/3c and Importance of Charged Groups for Morphogenesis and Function. Margit Saira and Uwe B. Sleytr ....................................... 2804-2809 PLANT MICROBIOLOGY Rhizobium meliloti ntrA (rpoN) Gene Is Required for Diverse Metabolic Functions. Clive W. Ronson, B. Tracy Nixon, Lisa M. Albright, and Frederick M. Ausubel............................................... 2424-2431 Bradyrhizobium japonicum Mutants Defective in Nitrogen Fixation and Molybde- num Metabolism. Robert J. -
A Novel Species of the Marine Cyanobacterium Acaryochloris With
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A novel species of the marine cyanobacterium Acaryochloris with a unique pigment content and Received: 12 February 2018 Accepted: 1 June 2018 lifestyle Published: xx xx xxxx Frédéric Partensky 1, Christophe Six1, Morgane Ratin1, Laurence Garczarek1, Daniel Vaulot1, Ian Probert2, Alexandra Calteau 3, Priscillia Gourvil2, Dominique Marie1, Théophile Grébert1, Christiane Bouchier 4, Sophie Le Panse2, Martin Gachenot2, Francisco Rodríguez5 & José L. Garrido6 All characterized members of the ubiquitous genus Acaryochloris share the unique property of containing large amounts of chlorophyll (Chl) d, a pigment exhibiting a red absorption maximum strongly shifted towards infrared compared to Chl a. Chl d is the major pigment in these organisms and is notably bound to antenna proteins structurally similar to those of Prochloron, Prochlorothrix and Prochlorococcus, the only three cyanobacteria known so far to contain mono- or divinyl-Chl a and b as major pigments and to lack phycobilisomes. Here, we describe RCC1774, a strain isolated from the foreshore near Roscof (France). It is phylogenetically related to members of the Acaryochloris genus but completely lacks Chl d. Instead, it possesses monovinyl-Chl a and b at a b/a molar ratio of 0.16, similar to that in Prochloron and Prochlorothrix. It difers from the latter by the presence of phycocyanin and a vestigial allophycocyanin energetically coupled to photosystems. Genome sequencing confrmed the presence of phycobiliprotein and Chl b synthesis genes. Based on its phylogeny, ultrastructural characteristics and unique pigment suite, we describe RCC1774 as a novel species that we name Acaryochloris thomasi. Its very unusual pigment content compared to other Acaryochloris spp. -
Characterization of Cyanobacterial Phycobilisomes in Zwitterionic
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 76, No. 12, pp. 6162-6166, December 1979 Biochemistry Characterization of cyanobacterial phycobilisomes in zwitterionic detergents (Synechococcus/photosynthetic accessory pigments/sedimentation/electron microscopy/aggregation) ALEXANDER N. GLAZER*, ROBLEY C. WILLIAMSt, GREGORY YAMANAKA*, AND H. K. SCHACHMANt *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and tDepartment of Molecular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Contributed by Robley C. Williams, September 10, 1979 ABSTRACT Properties of cyanobacterial phycobilisomes preparations of nearly uniform-sized phycobilisomes were (from Synechococcus spp. 6301 and 6312 and Synechocystis sp. obtained. Ultrastructural studies of the particles prepared in 6701) prepared in the presence of two different zwitterionic detergents were compared to those of phycobilisomes detached zwitterionic detergents were facilitated by the marked decrease from membranes with the nonionic detergent Triton X-100 and in aggregation. Such studies show that phycobilisomes from then freed from Triton by sedimentation through high-salt su- different organisms have certain characteristics in common, crose density gradients. The absorption spectra, polypeptide as concluded by others (1, 7, 8), but also exhibit distinctive composition, and ultrastructure of phycobilisomes were inde- structural features. pendent of the detergent used during the preparation. Phyco- bilisomes from certain cyanobacteria aggregated in the absence MATERIALS AND METHODS of detergent. Such -
A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets
biology Review A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets Ben Leyland, Sammy Boussiba and Inna Khozin-Goldberg * Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel; [email protected] (B.L.); [email protected] (S.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +972-8656-3478 Received: 18 December 2019; Accepted: 14 February 2020; Published: 21 February 2020 Abstract: The dynamic nutrient availability and photon flux density of diatom habitats necessitate buffering capabilities in order to maintain metabolic homeostasis. This is accomplished by the biosynthesis and turnover of storage lipids, which are sequestered in lipid droplets (LDs). LDs are an organelle conserved among eukaryotes, composed of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a polar lipid monolayer. LDs shield the intracellular environment from the accumulation of hydrophobic compounds and function as a carbon and electron sink. These functions are implemented by interconnections with other intracellular systems, including photosynthesis and autophagy. Since diatom lipid production may be a promising objective for biotechnological exploitation, a deeper understanding of LDs may offer targets for metabolic engineering. In this review, we provide an overview of diatom LD biology and biotechnological potential. Keywords: diatoms; lipid droplets; triacylglycerols 1. Introduction LDs are an organelle composed of a core of neutral lipids, mostly triacylglycerol (TAG), surrounded by a polar lipid monolayer [1,2]. LDs can store reserves of energy, membrane components, carbon skeletons, carotenoids and proteins [3,4]. Many different synonyms have been used to describe this organelle throughout the literature and they can vary between organisms, such as lipid bodies, lipid particles, oil bodies, oil globules, cytoplasmic inclusions, oleosomes and adiposomes. -
Photobiology of Bacteria
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Photobiology of bacteria Hellingwerf, K.J.; Crielaard, W.; Hoff, W.D.; Matthijs, H.C.P.; Mur, L.R.; van Rotterdam, B.J. DOI 10.1007/BF00872217 Publication date 1994 Published in Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Hellingwerf, K. J., Crielaard, W., Hoff, W. D., Matthijs, H. C. P., Mur, L. R., & van Rotterdam, B. J. (1994). Photobiology of bacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 65, 331-347. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872217 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:02 Oct 2021 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 65:331-347, 1994. 331 @ 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Photobiology of Bacteria K.J. Hellingwerf a, W. -
Going from Microbial Ecology to Genome Data and Back: Studies on a Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium Isolated from Soap Lake, Washington State
Missouri University of Science and Technology Scholars' Mine Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works Biological Sciences 01 Nov 2014 Going from Microbial Ecology to Genome Data and Back: Studies on a Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium Isolated from Soap Lake, Washington State Melanie R. Mormile Missouri University of Science and Technology, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/biosci_facwork Part of the Chemical Engineering Commons Recommended Citation M. R. Mormile, "Going from Microbial Ecology to Genome Data and Back: Studies on a Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium Isolated from Soap Lake, Washington State," Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 5, Frontiers Media, Nov 2014. The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00628 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This Article - Conference proceedings is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars' Mine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works by an authorized administrator of Scholars' Mine. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 19 November 2014 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00628 Going from microbial ecology to genome data and back: studies on a haloalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from Soap Lake, Washington State Melanie R. Mormile* Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA − Edited by: Soap Lake is a meromictic, alkaline (∼pH 9.8) and saline (∼14–140 g liter 1) lake Aharon Oren, The Hebrew University located in the semiarid area of eastern Washington State. -
First Insights Into the Impacts of Benthic Cyanobacterial Mats on Fish
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN First insights into the impacts of benthic cyanobacterial mats on fsh herbivory functions on a nearshore coral reef Amanda K. Ford 1,2*, Petra M. Visser 3, Maria J. van Herk3, Evelien Jongepier 4 & Victor Bonito5 Benthic cyanobacterial mats (BCMs) are becoming increasingly common on coral reefs. In Fiji, blooms generally occur in nearshore areas during warm months but some are starting to prevail through cold months. Many fundamental knowledge gaps about BCM proliferation remain, including their composition and how they infuence reef processes. This study examined a seasonal BCM bloom occurring in a 17-year-old no-take inshore reef area in Fiji. Surveys quantifed the coverage of various BCM-types and estimated the biomass of key herbivorous fsh functional groups. Using remote video observations, we compared fsh herbivory (bite rates) on substrate covered primarily by BCMs (> 50%) to substrate lacking BCMs (< 10%) and looked for indications of fsh (opportunistically) consuming BCMs. Samples of diferent BCM-types were analysed by microscopy and next-generation amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA). In total, BCMs covered 51 ± 4% (mean ± s.e.m) of the benthos. Herbivorous fsh biomass was relatively high (212 ± 36 kg/ha) with good representation across functional groups. Bite rates were signifcantly reduced on BCM-dominated substratum, and no fsh were unambiguously observed consuming BCMs. Seven diferent BCM-types were identifed, with most containing a complex consortium of cyanobacteria. These results provide insight into BCM composition and impacts on inshore Pacifc reefs. Tough scarcely mentioned in the literature a decade ago, benthic cyanobacterial mats (BCMs) are receiving increasing attention from researchers and managers as being a nuisance on tropical coral reefs worldwide1–4.