Analytical Report n4
Analytical Report 4: Open Data in Cities
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This study has been prepared by Capgemini Invent as part of the European Data Portal. The European Data Portal is an initiative of the European Commission, implemented with the support of a consortiumi led by Capgemini Invent, including Intrasoft International, Fraunhofer Fokus, con.terra, Sogeti, 52North, Time.Lex, the Lisbon Council, and the University of Southampton. The Publications Office of the European Union is responsible for contract management of the European Data Portal.
For more information about this paper, please contact:
European Commission Directorate General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology Unit G.1 Data Policy and Innovation Daniele Rizzi Policy Officer Email: [email protected]
European Data Portal Gianfranco Cecconi, European Data Portal Lead Email: [email protected]
Written by: Wendy Carrara Wander Engbers Margriet Nieuwenhuis Eva van Steenbergen
Last update: 15.07.2020 www: https://europeandataportal.eu/ @: [email protected]
DISCLAIMER By the European Commission, Directorate-General of Communications Networks, Content and Technology. The information and views set out in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commi ion behalf ma be held re pon ible for he e hich ma be made of he informa ion contained therein.
Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020 © European Union, 2020
OA-BF-20-004-EN-N ISBN: 978-92-78-41898-4 ISSN: 2600-0601 doi: 10.2830/992513
The reuse policy of European Commission documents is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated.
i At the time this report was first issued the consortium consisted of: Capgemini Invent, Intrasoft International, Fraunhofer Fokus, con.terra, Sogeti, the Open Data Institute, Time.Lex, and the University of Southampton. Executive Summary
pen Data is a valuable source for solving civic problems, improving transparency and closing the O gap between local government and its citizens. The World Council on City Data introduced 17 different themes including around 100 indicators relating to the standardisation of city data. Urban planning is one of those focus areas of high value to most cities, as cities are facing considerable population gro th that puts pressure on the municipalit s economy. The huge amount of data that cities gather can help solve those problems more efficiently. Transportation and emergency situations are other topics directly related to high population density in cities. Users can highly benefits from the development of mobile applications helping citizens and first responders to plan their journey using alternative routes if necessary. Cities are starting to look at the benefits of Open Data.
Numerous European, national and local projects have been completed in recent years. Open Data Day was first organised on 5 March 2010 and is now repeated every year on the same day. Other European funded projects focusing on the standardisation of city data and piloting those initiatives in European cities are e.g. Open Cities, CitySDK and the iCity project. On a national level, Finland is working on the 6Aika project that aims to connect and stimulate collaboration between six Finnish cities. There are many larger European cities that are not part of a specific project or network where Open Data initiatives are initiated by the municipality itself. The most tangible proof of an Open Data initiative is the development of a dedicated Open Data city portal. Here eight cities are assessed in more detail.
The best practice cities that are assessed are Amsterdam, Barcelona, Berlin, Copenhagen, London, Paris, Stockholm and Vienna. They all have a municipality website and Open Data portal, but only Amsterdam, Barcelona, London and Vienna also have a specific Smart city website. The development of a city strategy or re-use guidelines is not common, but London is one of the cities that just launched its own Data for London strategy.
The amount of data made available differs per city, in this case Transportation between 175 datasets in Paris and 935 datasets in Berlin. The most popular data domains are available for five of the eight among most cities with transportation being among the top data domains. Some city portals include the most downloaded dataset as popular data well, which is often related to transportation. Most of the cities are harvested by the national portal, but not all. domains in cities Different Open Data city initiatives and events are discussed in more detail.
Going beyond Open Data, cities want to become smart. A smart city uses technology to enhance quality, performance and interactivity of urban services, to reduce costs and resource consumption and to improve contact between citizens and government. Open Data can be combined with sensor data from streetlights or cars to increase energy efficiency and reduce travel time. The eight cities serve as inspiration for other cities what they could achieve by thinking big. However, cities are recommended to start small and take one step at a time on their Open Data Journey.
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1. Introduction to city data