San Francisco Bay Area Anti-Apartheid Movement
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DIVESTMENT: LEGACY OF LIBERATION An annotated chronology of the San Francisco Bay Area anti-apartheid movement CONGRESS: Berkeley Congressman Ron Dellums introduces a non-binding resolution urging disinvestment from South Africa. He has one co-author. JANUARY 4, BERKELEY: Berkeley City Council delays purchase of IBM typewriters to investigate IBM's ties to South Africa. FEBRUARY 16, CONGRESS: Congressman Dellums introduces legislation requiring US corporations to divest. He has 11 co-authors. JUNE 9, CALIFORNIA ASSEMBLY: The Assembly Office of Research issues a report calling for state divestment from South Africa. The author, John Harrington, later founds Working Assets and Progressive Assets Management, socially responsible investments firms. SEPTEMBER 12, BERKELEY: The Berkeley City Council adopts a resolution condemning the racial policies of South Africa and requests the City Manager to determine which companies the City does business with have ties to South Africa. The resolution to authored by BCA Councilmembers D'Army Bailey, Ira Simmons, Loni Hancock and Ying Lee Kelley. MARCH 28, CALIFORNIA ASSEMBLY: First bill requ1r1ng divestment introduced in the California Legislature by Assemblymembers John Burton, John Dunlap, John Miller, Bill Greene, Willie Brown, Julian Dixon, Alan Sieroty, John Vasconcellos, Senator Mervyn Dymally and others. It doesn't move far. Various divestment and disclosure bills are introduced almost every year until 1986 when legislation is signed into law. MAY 22, BERKELEY: Councilmembers Loni Hancock and Ying Lee Kelley propose the city withdraw from PERS (retirement fund) because of its ties to South Africa. It is defeated 3-5 with BCA Councilmembers supporting and BDC Councilmembers opposed .. JUNE 8, U.C.: Katherine Tremaine of Santa Barbara tells the U.C. Regents that she is withdrawing her offer to donate 100 acres of ocean-front property to U.C. because of their investment ties to South Africa. JULY 24, BERKELEY: Councilmembers Hancock and Kelley propose that Berkeley not invest in firms with ties to South Africa or with major defense contractors. It is defeated 4-0-4 with BCA Councilmembers supporting and BDC Councilmembers abstaining. OCTOBER 17, U.C: The Regents defeat a proposal to open Investment Committee meetings to students and faculty when social responsibility issues are being discussed. They decide that social responsibility should not be considered in making investment decisions. Mike Faber, director of the People's Coalition for Investor Responsibility at UC Berkeley calls the decision indirect support of "racism and genocide". OCTOBER 30, BERKELEY: The City Council defeats a proposal by Councilmembers Loni Hancock and Ira Simmons to establish a local, South Africa-free pension fund to replace PERS by a vote of 3-5. DECEMBER 20, SAN FRANCISCO: The San Francisco Board of Supervisors unanimously approves a non-binding resolution urging the S.F. Retirement System Board to divest, proposed by Supervisors Quentin Kopp, Dianne Feinstein and Terry Francois. JANUARY, UC: Regent William Roth, the Student Body Presidents Council and the UC Student Lobby urge a re-evaluation of investment policy. FEBRUARY, U.C.: UC regent William Roth announces he will insist on a full discussion by the Regents every time a social responsibility issue is raised at a corporate shareholders meeting. JUNE 25, BERKELEY: The Council rejects a proposal by Councilmembers Ira Simmons and Ying Kelley to investigate whether the city's Police and Fire Pension Fund has invested in South Africa. It is defeated 4-1-4. JANUARY, CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE: Senator John Dunlap releases report showing UC portfolio includes 32% of stocks are invested in companies doing business with South Africa. JANUARY 5, U.C. BERKELEY: The UC Academic Senate urges the Regents to adopt a socially responsible investment policy. MARCH-APRIL, U.C.: The UC Student Lobby and church groups launch a letter writing campaign to the Governor and Regents urging a change in U.C. investment policies. FEBRUARY 27, CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE: The California Senate creates a new Select Committee on Investment Priorities. Members include Oakland Senator Nicholas Petris and arch-conservative HL Richardson. APRIL, CALIFORNIA: Labor, church and community groups launch the first statewide campaign to $top Banking on Apartheid. It is targeted at 9 banks making loans to South Africa. APRIL 26, BERKELEY: Berkeley City Council agenda item by Councilmembers Ying Kelley and Loni Hancock requiring divestment. No action is taken as their Council terms expire. MAY 14, U.C.: A pro-divestment petition signed by 2500 UC Santa Cruz students is given to the Regents. The Regents take no action. MAY 19, U.C.: 300 UC Students disrupt a Regents meeting in San Francisco, demanding divestment, among other things. Regents' Chairman William Coblentz says they will send a letter to corporations with ties to South Africa asking them to describe working conditions for Black and white workers. MAY 27, BERKELEY: More than 400 students rally at UC Berkeley, and another 600 at Santa Cruz and Davis. 200 are arrested at Santa Cruz and 18 at Davis -- the first such arrests in the history of either campus. JUNE 3, BERKELEY: Students stage the first Sproul Hall sit-in in 9 years. 56 are arrested at Berkeley supported by 500 students filling Sproul Plaza. JUNE 8, CALIFORNIA ASSEMBLY: In response, newly-elected Assemblyman Tom Bates sends a letter to the Regents signed by 24 legislators urging UC to divest. JULY 1, U.C.: A San Francisco Chronicle story reveals that 56.5% of UC stocks are invested in firms doing business in South Africa. JULY 15, UC: The Regents delay action on a proposal to divest within 2 years until the next meeting. Protesters disrupt the meeting, forcing an early adjournment. SEPTEMBER 14, UC BERKELEY: The trial of 58 protesters arrested at UC Berkeley begins. Luke Ellis is their attorney. Meanwhile, UC Treasurer Owsley Hammond recommends that the Regents not divest at their meeting today. He says it will cause 'more harm than good'. OCTOBER 20, UC: The UC Regents decide to hire a consultant to advise them on socially responsible investing. MARCH 7, DAVIS: Davis voters pass a non-binding referendum asking the City to divest. 55% vote yes. The measure is supported by Mayor Bob Black. MARCH 8, BERKELEY: UC Regent Stanley Sheinbaum prepares a proposal creating an official advisory committee on socially responsible investment which includes students, faculty and staff. APRIL 12, BERKELEY: 100 demonstrators picket the Telegraph Ave. branch of Bank of America. The bank manager tell them "I'm only the manager of one branch". Students for Economic and Racial Justice member Ken Burt tells him, "I've banked here since my parents first gave me an allowance and I'm pulling out." Cheers from the demonstrators. APRIL 19, UC BERKELEY: 60 students rally for divestment. APRIL 26, BERKELEY: At a press conference activist Tom Hayden condemns UC investment policy and releases a report by the California Public Policy Center showing that UC lost a potential $119 million last year due to its current investment policies. MAY 17, SACRAMENTO: 14 students from UC Berkeley, Davis and Santa Cruz sit in at Governor Brown's office demanding that he support an open Regents meeting on divestment. MAY 18, UC BERKELEY: 100 protesters, including former ASUC President Neil Taxy, stage a sit-in at California Hall. MAY 23, UC: The Regents vote to oppose a proxy vote to divest. Only 5 Regents: Jack Henning, Lt. Governor Mervyn Dymally, Yori Wada, Speaker Leo McCarthy, and student Regent Michael Salerno, vote 'yes'. JUNE 1, UC BERKELEY: 5000 students rally for divestment. Governor Jerry Brown draws a big cheer when he says he'll attend a special meeting June 8 where the Regents will consider their investments policy. Cesar Chavez and Assemblyman Bates also speak. JUNE 8, U.C. BERKELEY: 1500 rally against apartheid at Cal just before a special meeting of the Regents. 50 demonstrators are arrested at the Sproul Plaza sit-in. Among those arrested is student (now SF Weekly editor) Marcello Rodriguez. DECEMBER, UC: Most UC student governments have stopped using banks that make loans to South Africa. JANUARY, CALIFORNIA: California Campuses United Against Apartheid is established. It is active until 1983. JANUARY 17, BERKELEY: In a national first, an initiative requiring the City of Berkeley to take its funds out of banks doing business with South Africa is announced. The measure is backed by CalPIRG, Berkeley Citizens Action, Students Against Racial and Economic Justice and others. FEBRUARY 26, BERKELEY: The City Manager tells the City Council that divesting could cost Berkeley $400,000 annually. The City Council rejects the analysis. In Davis, 200 gather at a conference on divestment. FEBRUARY 27, BERKELEY: 100 divestment measure supporters turn out at the City Council meeting to protest the City Manager's analysis. BCA Chair Ann Chandler calls the analysis 'preposterous'. The City Council places the citizen petition measure on the ballot as well as a companion measure which clarifies the definition of loans and eases fears about the costs. MARCH 28, BERKELEY: Local leaders Rev. Bill Shive of the Bay Area Interfaith Council, Ed Kirschner of Community Economics, Kane Smith of the Berkeley Out of South Africa Coalition, Rev. James Stewart of McGee Ave. Baptist Church tell a press conference that divestment will help local businesses. APRIL 1, CALIFORNIA: 375 Congregations throughout the state observe a "Day of Concern for South Africa". APRIL 17, BERKELEY: BERKELEY BECOMES THE FIRST CITY IN THE UNITED STATES ADOPT A BALLOT MEASURE REQUIRING DIVESTMENT. The vote is nearly 2-1 in favor.$6.5 million -- 55% of the City's funds will be moved to 'clean' banks. APRIL 22, BERKELEY: The Berkeley City Manager says that taking city money out of banks doing business with South Africa will not cause the city financial problems.