DOCSLIB.ORG

Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/WRD/NRR—2011/288 ON THE COVER. Taiya River Valley Photograph by: Barry Drazkowski, August 2009 Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/WRD/NRR—2011/288 Barry Drazkowski Andrew Robertson Greta Bernatz GeoSpatial Services Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota 700 Terrace Heights, Box #7 Winona, Minnesota 55987 This report was prepared under Task Agreement J8W07080025 between the National Park Service and Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota, through the Pacific Northwest Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit. January 2011 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado i The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. Printed copies of this report were produced in a limited quantity, and they are only available as long as the supply lasts. This report is also available from the Natural Resource Publications Management Web site (http://www.nature.nps.gov/publications/NRPM). Please cite this publication as: Bernatz, G. C., A. G. Robertson, and B. W. Drazkowski. 2010. Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park: Natural resource condition assessment. Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/WRD/NRR—2010/288. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. NPS 461/106400, January 2011 ii Contents Page Contents ......................................................................................................................................... iii Figures............................................................................................................................................. v Tables ........................................................................................................................................... viii Plates ............................................................................................................................................... x Photos ............................................................................................................................................. xi Acronyms and Abbreviations ....................................................................................................... xii Acknowledgments........................................................................................................................ xiii Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... xv Chapter 1 NRCA Background Information .................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2 Introduction and Resource Setting ................................................................................. 5 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Natural Resources .............................................................................................................. 8 2.3 Resource Stewardship ...................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 3 Study Scoping and Design ........................................................................................... 15 3.1 Preliminary Scoping ........................................................................................................ 15 3.2 Study Design .................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 4 Natural Resource Conditions ....................................................................................... 29 4.1 Landscape Composition ................................................................................................... 30 4.2 Lichens ............................................................................................................................. 39 4.3 Invasives and Exotics ...................................................................................................... 43 4.4 Flora ................................................................................................................................. 53 4.5 Breeding Birds ................................................................................................................. 62 4.6 Coastal Birds .................................................................................................................... 81 iii Contents (continued) Page 4.7 Bears ................................................................................................................................ 97 4.8 Western Toads ............................................................................................................... 103 4.9 Wetlands ........................................................................................................................ 115 4.10 Air Quality ................................................................................................................... 121 4.11 Soundscape .................................................................................................................. 133 4.12 Dark Night Skies .......................................................................................................... 140 4.13 Water Quality - Chemistry........................................................................................... 142 4.14 Water Quality – Trace Inorganic and Organic Chemicals ........................................... 152 4.15 Water Quality – Physical Properties ............................................................................ 168 4.16 Hydrology .................................................................................................................... 179 4.17 Proglacial Lakes ........................................................................................................... 195 4.18 Ice Cover ...................................................................................................................... 201 Chapter 5 Discussion .................................................................................................................. 207 5.1 Park-wide Condition ...................................................................................................... 207 5.2 Indicator Condition Summaries ..................................................................................... 210 5.3 Data Needs ..................................................................................................................... 210 Appendices .................................................................................................................................. 213 iv Figures Page Figure 1. NRCA project area (NPS 2009). ................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 2. Reporting zones used in KLGO NRCA (NPS 2009). .................................................................................. 21 Figure 3. Designation symbols used for individual indicator assessments.. ............................................................... 25 Figure 4. Example of the final condition graphic used in the indicator assessments. ................................................. 26 Figure 5. Skagway Christmas Bird Count circle. ........................................................................................................ 64 Figure 6. On road BBS, off road BBS, and Christmas Bird Count: Number of species per year. .............................. 66 Figure 7. On road BBS and off road BBS: Number of individuals per year. .............................................................. 67 Figure 8. Skagway Christmas Bird Count: Number of individuals per year and average number of birds per survey hour per year. ............................................................................................................................................. 67 Figure 9. On road BBS, off road BBS, and Christmas Bird Count: Simpson diversity index (1/D) per year .............................................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Skagway 2030 Comprehensive Plan Consulting Team
    Comprehensive Plan January 17, 2019 Public Hearing Draft Beautiful, diverse Skagway, place for everyone Bliss and Gunalchéesh Cynthia Tronrud We create Skagway Oddballs and adventurers Living out our dreams Wendy Anderson Forever small town Skies shushing on snow through birch Howling his love for all Robbie Graham Acknowledgements PLANNING COMMISSION ASSEMBLY Matt Deach, Chair Mayor Andrew Cremata Philip Clark Steve Burnham Jr., Vice Mayor Gary Hisman David Brena Richard Outcalt Jay Burnham Joseph Rau Orion Hanson Assembly Liaison, Orion Hanson Dan Henry Dustin Stone Tim Cochran (former) Project Manager Shane Rupprecht, Skagway Permitting Official Special Thanks to the Following Individuals who Graciously Provided Information and Answered Countless Questions during Plan Development Emily Deach, Borough Clerk Heather Rodig, Borough Treasurer Leola Mauldin, Tax Clerk Kaitlyn Jared, Skagway Development Corporation, Executive Director Sara Kinjo-Hischer, Skagway Traditional Council, Tribal Administrator This Plan Could Not Have Been Written Without The Assistance of Municipal Staff, Including: Alanna Lawson, Accounts Payable/Receivable Katherine Nelson, Recreation Center Director Clerk Lea Mauldin, Tax Clerk Brad Ryan, Borough Manager Matt Deach, Water / Wastewater Superintendent Cody Jennings, Tourism Director, Convention Matt O'Boyle, Harbormaster & Visitors Bureau Michelle Gihl, Assistant to the Manager/ Emily Deach, Borough Clerk Deputy Clerk Emily Rauscher, Emergency Services Administrator Ray Leggett, Police Chief Gregg Kollasch, Lead
    [Show full text]
  • National Forest Genetic Electrophoresis Lab Annual Report 2003 – 2004 (FY04)
    USDA FOREST SERVICE NATIONAL FOREST GENETICS LABORATORY (NFGEL) Annual Report 2003 – 2004 (FY04) 2480 Carson Road, Placerville, CA 95667 530-622-1609 (voice), 530-622-2633 (fax), [email protected] Report prepared December 2004 INTRODUCTION This report covers laboratory activities and accomplishments during Fiscal Year 2004. October 1, 2003 through September 30, 2004 Background NFGEL was established in 1988 as part of the National Forest System of the USDA-Forest Service. The focus of the lab is to address genetic conservation and management of all plant species using a variety of laboratory techniques including DNA analyses. NFGEL services are provided to managers within the Forest Service, other government agencies, and non- government organizations for assessing and monitoring genetic diversity. Purpose of Laboratory The purpose of the Laboratory is to analyze molecular genetic markers (protein and DNA) in plant material submitted by Forest Service employees and those from other cooperating entities. NFGEL provides baseline genetic information, determines the effect of management on the genetic resource, supports genetic improvement program, and contributes information in the support of conservation and restoration programs, especially those involving native and TES (threatened, endangered, and sensitive) species. Alignment to National Strategic Plan for FY04-08 NFGEL’s work aligns to the following National Strategic Plan measures: 1. Goal 1 (Reduce risks from catastrophic wildland fire) 2. Goal 2 (Reduce the impacts from invasive species). 3. Goal 4 (Help meet energy resource needs) 4. Goal 5 (Improve watershed condition) 5. Goal 6 (Mission related work in addition to that which supports the agency goals) NFGEL Projects NFGEL projects were processed to meet a variety of management objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Helicopter-Supported Commercial Recreation Activities in Alaska
    HELICOPTER-SUPPORTED COMMERCIAL RECREATION ACTIVITIES IN ALASKA Prepared for Alaska Quiet Rights Coalition Prepared by Nancy Welch Rodman, Welch & Associates and Robert Loeffler, Opus Consulting Funded by a grant from Alaska Conservation Foundation October 2006 Helicopter-Supported Commercial Recreation Activities in Alaska Helicopter-Supported Commercial Recreation Activities in Alaska TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.................................................................................................................. ES-1 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................1-1 1.1. Purpose of this report...............................................................................................1-1 1.2. What is not covered by this report ...........................................................................1-1 2. Laws, Regulations and Policies..........................................................................................2-1 2.1. Legal Authority to Regulate.....................................................................................2-1 2.2. Strategies to Regulate Impacts.................................................................................2-5 2.3. Limitations on Authorities, Permit Terms, and Strategies.......................................2-7 2.4. Summary..................................................................................................................2-8 3. Types and Consumers of Helicopter-Supported
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Gold in Antique Copper Alloys
    Gold in Antique Copper Alloys Paul T. Craddock cent of either gold or silver would make to the appearance of Research Laboratory, The British Museum, London, U.K. the copper. However, although we can accept the story of its accidental discovery two centuries before Pliny's time as Lost continents, lost cities and fabulous materials from past apocryphal it is difficult to dismiss the latter's description of ages have a natural fascination for scholar and layman alike. its popularity with collectors and its high value in his own Since the Renaissance, men have sought examples of Corin- time. It would seem that in Pliny's day the term Corinthian thian Bronze, the precious alloy much extolled by antient Bronze was used to describe a group of alloys which were writers and have tried to establish its nature. As indicative of readily distinguished and appreciated, and for which attitudes towards it, Thomas Corayte (1) described the bronze collectors were willing to pay a high price. horses of San Marco in Venice as being 'a remarkable monu- The first step towards recognizing surviving examples of ment, four goodly brazen horses of Corinthian metal and this material was, of course, to have some idea of its fully as great as life' , apparently for no better reason than that appearance. Small quantities of gold and silver incorporated he thought such noble statuary demanded the most prized in copper are known to have a dramatic effect on the resulting bronze metal of them all. Further, in Pliny's 'Natural alloys if they are subsequently treated in a suitable manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Elemental Metals Combiningscientific Facts with Medieval
    Elemental Metals Copper Element: Earth, Water, Wood, Lightning, Metal Combiningscientific facts with medievalAvailability: Common folklore and New Age mysticism,Elemental Copper is an essential trace nutrient for animal and Metals provides you with information to helpplant life. It is also one of the most common metals and has excellent electrical conductivity, making it highly you customize weapons, armor, tools, and otheruseful for electronics. Copper resists corrosion from magical items. Each metal’s listing includes itswater, but is slowly oxidized in by oxygen in the air. relative availability, elemental affinities, and an Copper is the metal of choice when employing overview of its magical properties. Us as aemeralds into magical items. It has a strong affinity companion along withElemental Gemstones towith the gem, and conducts the gem’s power well. design your dream weapons, armor, or artifacts.Healing wands and staves are often made of copper. The combination of copper and emerald also cre- This product is designed to be usable withates potent charms to attract or protect wealth. any roleplaying system, however it will be of the most value when used with theKarma Role-Iron playing System. Element: Earth, Fire Availability: Common Iron is an abundant, heavy metal used in a wide range of items. It is perhaps the most important metal in civilization, because of its wide range of uses. Base metals are those metals that are most common and Iron is rarely used magically in anything but weap- easily available. But just because they are common andons and armor. It is too heavy to be a practical metal inexpensive, doesn’t mean they are not valuable tofor most jewelry or smaller magic items.
    [Show full text]
  • Dyea Flats Management Plan) Skagway Municipal Code 16.10.010 – 16.10.040 (Dyea Management Plan)
    2010 REVISED DYEA FLATS LAND MANAGEMENT PLAN Municipality of Skagway Dyea Community Advisory Board National Park Service Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance Program Taiya Inlet Watershed Council United States Fish and Wildlife Service Coastal Conservation Program June 17, 2010 Final June 17, 2010 Final TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Existing Conditions Natural Resources Cultural/Historic Resources Current Recreational and Other Uses of Dyea Flats III. Existing Code Skagway Municipal Code 16.08.010-16.08.040 (Dyea Flats Management Plan) Skagway Municipal Code 16.10.010 – 16.10.040 (Dyea Management Plan) IV. Chronology of Dyea Flats Planning Past Planning and Public Involvement Other Plans Governing Management of Dyea Flats V. Revised Dyea Flats Land Management Plan Vision (Statement of Intent) Goals and Objectives Dyea Flats 5-Year Action Plan VI. Plan Administration APPENDICES Table 1: Exotic Invasive Plants in the Dyea Area Table 2: Waterbird And Raptor Species Recorded In Dyea Flats o Note: tables are representative of species known to be in the Dyea area Municipal Entitlement Final Findings and Decision Bibliography of Studies Related to Dyea Flats 1996 Dyea Flats Management Plan Vendor Agreements • Chilkoot Horseback Adventures • Sockeye Cycle Photos by Andrew Cremata, used by permission. June 17, 2010 Final I. INTRODUCTION Dyea Flats represents a special place in the hearts of those who live and recreate in the Municipality of Skagway. The 202 acre tidal flats offer multiple opportunities for outdoor activities and for learning about nationally significant cultural and historic events. The flats also provide important habitat for fish and wildlife ranging from the anadromous salmon to the western toad to the Alaskan coastal brown bear.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaska Park Science 19(1): Arctic Alaska Are Living at the Species’ Northern-Most to Identify Habitats Most Frequented by Bears and 4-9
    National Park Service US Department of the Interior Alaska Park Science Region 11, Alaska Below the Surface Fish and Our Changing Underwater World Volume 19, Issue 1 Noatak National Preserve Cape Krusenstern Gates of the Arctic Alaska Park Science National Monument National Park and Preserve Kobuk Valley Volume 19, Issue 1 National Park June 2020 Bering Land Bridge Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve National Preserve Denali National Wrangell-St Elias National Editorial Board: Park and Preserve Park and Preserve Leigh Welling Debora Cooper Grant Hilderbrand Klondike Gold Rush Jim Lawler Lake Clark National National Historical Park Jennifer Pederson Weinberger Park and Preserve Guest Editor: Carol Ann Woody Kenai Fjords Managing Editor: Nina Chambers Katmai National Glacier Bay National National Park Design: Nina Chambers Park and Preserve Park and Preserve Sitka National A special thanks to Sarah Apsens for her diligent Historical Park efforts in assembling articles for this issue. Her Aniakchak National efforts helped make this issue possible. Monument and Preserve Alaska Park Science is the semi-annual science journal of the National Park Service Alaska Region. Each issue highlights research and scholarship important to the stewardship of Alaska’s parks. Publication in Alaska Park Science does not signify that the contents reflect the views or policies of the National Park Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute National Park Service endorsement or recommendation. Alaska Park Science is found online at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/alaskaparkscience/index.htm Table of Contents Below the Surface: Fish and Our Changing Environmental DNA: An Emerging Tool for Permafrost Carbon in Stream Food Webs of Underwater World Understanding Aquatic Biodiversity Arctic Alaska C.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaska Goldrush National Historic Landmarks The
    O n u l 4 1897 t h e s t e a msh i E x c e ls io r a rri v e d i n Sa n F ra nc i sc o ! y , , p Th x lsior i Thi s r . e ce eve yday event changed the fortunes of the North County forever E , wh ch had left the O western Alaskan port of St . Michael a month before, carried a curious array of men and women . bservers m i near the dock paid little attention as the haggard, worn asse blage trudged down the gangplank, but with n ! hours, word leaked out that they carried more than a ton of solid gold . The Klondike gold rush was on i a The f ve l rge gold circles deno te Na tional His toric Landma rk loca tions . Th e N ation a l Historic L a ndma rk Program The National Park Service admi nisters the National Historic Landmark (NHL ) Program for the Secretary of the i Interior . The NHL Program focuses attention on h storic and archeological resources of exceptional value to the nation as a n ! in i ! i n whole, by recog i ing and promot g the preservation efforts of private organ ations, ndividuals, and gover ment NHL s 1935 agencies . Designation of also furthers the educational objective of the Historic Sites Act of , by increasing public HL ’ hi awareness and interest in historic properties . N s are our nation s most important prehistoric and storic cultural O f NHL s 47 .
    [Show full text]
  • Routes to Riches 2015 1 Danielhenryalaska.Com
    Routes to Riches 2015 1 danielhenryalaska.com Routes to Riches Daniel Lee Henry [email protected] A ground squirrel robe nearly smothered northern Tlingits’ nascent trust in their newly-landed missionaries. Long-time trading ties with Southern Tutchone and Interior Tlingit funneled wealth to Native residents of the upper Lynn Canal. Luxurious furs from the frigid north brought prices many times that of local pelts. For example, while the coastal red fox fur was worth $1.75 in “San Francisco dollars” in 1883, a Yukon silver fox brought up to $50 (about $1200 in 2015). Several times a year, Tlingit expeditions traversed routes considered secret until local leaders revealed their existence to Russians and Americans in the mid-nineteenth century. A day’s paddle to the upper Chilkat River brought travelers to a trail leading over through barrier coastal mountains into the vast, rolling subarctic Interior. On the eastern route, packers left Dyea at the terminus of Taiya Inlet and slogged a twenty-mile trail to a keyhole pass into lake country that drains into the Yukon River headwaters. The image of prospectors struggling up the “Golden Staircase” to Chilkoot Pass engraved the Klondike gold rush of ‘98 onto the license plates of cultural memory. For centuries, Chilkats and Chilkoots sustained a trading cartel connected by their respective routes. From tide’s edge to the banks of the Yukon River four hundred miles north, Tlingits insisted on customer allegiance. They discouraged Interior trading partners from commerce with anyone but themselves and expressly prohibited economic activity without invitation. The 1852 siege of Fort Selkirk and subsequent expulsion of Hudson’s Bay Company demonstrated the market realities of the Chilkat/Chilkoot cartel.
    [Show full text]
  • Masters of Jade Book.Indb
    TM BY M ICHAEL A. GOODWIN, ERIC M INTON, JOHN M ØRKE, NEALL R AEMONN P RICE, HOLDEN S HEARER, DEAN S HOMSHAK, CHARLES H. SPAULDING, AND R OBERT V ANCE 1 CREDITS Special Thanks: While this book deviates from Mana- Authors: Michael A. Goodwin, Eric Minton, John Mørke, cle and Coin, we nevertheless owe a debt to the vision Neall Raemonn Price, Holden Shearer, Dean Shomshak, of Geoffrey C. Grabowski, who used the Guild to show Charles H. Spaulding, and Robert Vance us Creation. I’d also like to thank Allison Cheek for her Developer: John Mørke with Holden Shearer good taste in movies, and for being my first reader. Also Editor: Stephen Lea Sheppard a big thanks to Liz Grushcow for her attention to detail. Creative Director: Rich Thomas Lastly to Michael Goodwin, who fought through pain to Art Direction and Layout: Brian Glass make his contribution to this book the best it could be. Artists: Tazio Bettin, Groundbreakers Studio and Melissa Uran Cover Art: Melissa Uran © 2012 CCP hf. All rights reserved. Reproduction without the written permission of the publisher is expressly forbidden, except for the purposes of reviews, and for blank character sheets, which may be reproduced for personal use only. White Wolf and Exalted are registered trademarks of CCP hf. All rights reserved. Scroll of Exalts, Scroll of Heroes, Scroll of Kings, Scroll of the Monk, Scroll of the Monk the Imperfect Lotus, Scroll of Fallen Races, the Manual of Exalted Power the Dragon-Blooded, the Manual of Exalted Power the Lunars, the Manual of Exalted Power the Sidereals,
    [Show full text]
  • Finding of No Significant Impact Dyea Area Plan and Environmental
    National Park Service U.S Department of the Interior Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Alaska Finding of No Significant Impact Dyea Area Plan and Environmental Assessment September 2014 Official Signatures Recommended: /s/ Michael J. Tranel Superintendent, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Date: September 10, 2014. Approved: /s/ Joel L. Hard Regional Director, Alaska Date: September 17, 2014 FLOODPLAINS STATEMENT OF FINDINGS Dyea Area Plan and Environmental Assessment National Park Service Klondike Gold Rush National Historic Park Official Signatures Recommended: /s/ Michael J. Tranel Superintendent Date: September 15, 2014. Concurred: /s/ F. Edwin Harvey National Park Service Water Resources Division Date: September 18, 2014 Approved: /s/ Joel Hard Alaska Regional Director Date: September 18, 2014 Table of Contents FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ......................................................................................................................1 ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................................................................2 Alternative 1 – Existing Conditions (No Action Alternative) .....................................................................................2 Alternative 2 – Improve visitor experience and park operations and protect cultural and natural resources in Dyea (Selected Action) .....................................................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]