DOCSLIB.ORG

Shurooq Abid Abdulhadi* ABSTRACT KEYWORDS INTERNATIONAL

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Shurooq Abid Abdulhadi* ABSTRACT KEYWORDS INTERNATIONAL ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Volume-9 | Issue-1 | January-2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8179 | DOI : 10.36106/ijsr INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH THE MANAGEMENT OF POLYPS IN FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION Gynaecology Manal Sabri Hasan High Diploma In Gynecology And Obstetrics/Abu Ghraib Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq Shurooq Abid High Diploma In Gynecology And Obstetrics/Abu Ghraib Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq Abdulhadi* *Corresponding Author ABSTRACT Polyps of the decrease reproductive canton are discovered between 7.8 to 50% of women. It has been hypothesized up to expectation cytogenetic modifications about chromosomes 6,7 or 12 so well namely epigenetic elements involving enzyme and metabolic activities may motive polyps in imitation of develop. Cervical polyps found into 2e5% concerning cases are of ignoble clinical significance or do cause, although rarely, submit coital bleedings. Cervical polyps develop at some stage in pregnancy or mucorrhoea. Trans vaginal ultrasound (TVU) presents an excellent diagnostic approach according to longevity diagnose the size and the anatomic vicinity on endometrial polyps (EPs). In asymptomatic young womanwith tiny EPs <10 min size, conservative administration perform be safely observed by using limit the polyp growth. EPs positioned at the fundal or tubocornual areas robotically affect plenty then buck up ordinary mobile characteristic due after chronic inflammation. In instances where Eps are a reason over subfertility mechanical hysteroscopic resection is advisable. When the sheer purpose because infertility is an EP, the affected person repeatedly becomes effortlessly with young shortly after removal. EP Detection into either peri- or post-menopausal age, among evidential and longevity asymptomatic patients calls because meticulous hysteroscopic analysis and polypectomy is mandatory. Endometrial curettage is also encouraged in conformity with regimen oversea tributary medical endometrial hyperplasia then cancer. Hysteroscopic surgical procedure because of giant EPs using bipolar resectoscopes, hysteroscopic morcellators yet shavers are viewed equally efficient yet safe under typical anaesthesia. Recurrence dosage of EPs afterwards resection is unknown. The current advances into TVU then hysteroscopy, however, ought to provide an unerring analysis yet advantageous cure on polyp between the female reproductive belt along minimum recurrence then toughness surgery complications. The drastically expanded occurrence on colorectal polyps among cohorts as also had EPs may indicate as sufferers with EPs need to stay also referred because of colonoscopy. EPs bear the vile occurrence regarding cruel transformation so compared after colon, urinary bladder, oropharyngeal, nasal or laryngeal carcinomas. KEYWORDS Endometrial polyps, Epidemiology, Aetiology, Diagnosis, Management INTRODUCTION accordance with end cervical polyps are identified within 2e5% Definition of polyp regarding cases [6]. The phrase “polyp” arises beside the historic greek word polypus meaning many feet [1]. The rating in most cases describes its external Vaginal/vulva polyps traits as an alternative than its histopathological features. Within that Vaginal polyps are the least often observed, with at all bit reports affection somebody injury or extraordinary form to that amount located in the literature. As such, the center of attention concerning this appears like a polyp can stay referred according to as like a polypoid decrial remains primarily on endometrial yet cervical polyps [6]. structure. Polyps execute occur out of any mucus membrane in the body, yet she are usually benign. Gynaecological polyps are Topographical classification of polyps categorised based regarding theirs location, type, then The accomplishment distinction between endometrial and cervical presence/absence concerning a stalk. Postmenopausal ladies are at polyps is theirs location. Accordingly, the advance course in higher jeopardy on abject cruel EPs compared after premenopausal conformity with sort polyps is with the aid of theirs topography. women. In addition, it was once also found as the youthful the woman's Cervical polyps may lie endocervical labeled by means of theirs age, the less possibly he is in imitation of enhance a cruel polyp [2]. emergence intestinal the cervical canal, or ectocervical which are present on the principal surface over the cervix so demarcated via the Epidemiological factors, frequency transformation zone. Endocervical polyps are more common than The precise epidemiology over gynaecological polyps remains ectocervical polyps or they are present frequently of premenopausal unclear. The fall regarding polypoid development is hard in imitation women. In contrast, EPs are existing of the uterine cavity and are of estimate [3]. These constructions might also develop in the uterus, committed over concerning endometrial glands or stroma (with blood cervix, or hardly ever of the vagina. Additionally, the polyps might also vessels agreement their quantity is large) [7]. differ widely into precise localization inside this tissues. In previous years the capability in conformity with discover yet diagnose polyps Endometrial polyps was once restrained with the aid of technology, so nicely so the reality that they have been asymptomatic between many cases. It is not EPs are regarded hyperplastic growths over stroma and endometrial remarkable for asymptomatic polyps in conformity with stand first glands. They are generally efficacious however execute stand determined in a activities physical examination or for the duration of merciless among partial uncommon cases. The just frequent indication investigations on infertility. The developments over high-resolution regarding polyp involvement is paranormal uterine bleeding (AUB) 2D and 4D ultrasound, distinction (HyCoSy/HyFoSy) sonography yet and generally is more commonly seen between premenopausal hysteroscopy are helping clinicians of diagnosing more instances women. However, half sufferers may stay definitely asymptomatic [8]. regarding polyps [4]. Polyps are occasionally detected incidentally among asymptomatic patients. In patients up to expectation whinge concerning symptoms, Endometrial polyps (Eps) however, abdominal punishment is frequently mentioned. EPs are the nearly hourly identified type of gynaecological polyp, Histologically, EPs are characterised via fibrotic stroma, plump gore together with occurrence reports ranging out of 7.8%e50%. According vessels yet informal glands (Figs. 1). In culling according to that, that in conformity with the occurrence over EPs in a population including perform stand carcinomatous (rare), atrophic, and hyperplastic [9]. no paranormal bleeding is estimated to stay 10%. However, the prevalence over EPs account because of 7.8% above in conformity Cervical polyps with 34.9% into distinctive populations, such as like sufferers Cervical polyps arise beyond glandular epithelial hyperplasia. They presenting along odd uterine bleeding [5]. are normally forcible however those do remain merciless of 0.2e1.5% over the cases. The root cause is doubtful yet they are typically Cervical polyps pedunculated (Fig. 1). In addition, at the chump about the polyp, so is Cervical polyps are the next close mentioned then EPs. According in usually squamous metaplasia. 60 International Journal of Scientific Research Volume-9 | Issue-1 | January-2020 PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8179 | DOI : 10.36106/ijsr acknowledged according to result in mean degree apoptosis referred to as “housekeeping apoptosis.” An analysis on EPs confirmed an improved bcl-2/bax ratio up to expectation should subsequently stay a mechanism to that amount promotes boom on EPs so is value similarly investigation. Fewer studies are reachable regarding the genetic groundwork over cervical polyps which, in contrast to EPs, are more hourly attributed in accordance with inflammation [13]. Fig. 2 demonstrates the feasible genetic pathways over polyp development. Fig. 1. Direct visualization of CP. Stalk formation A 1/3 method chronic after categorize polyps is primarily based regarding the presence or absence about a stalk. If the reed over the polyp is slender yet elongated, such is referred in imitation of as pedunculated polyp. This composition is greater common than a polyp including no stalk, who is referred to so sessile polyp [10]. Histological type The nearly honest histological functions old in imitation of discover a polyp are the attendance of centric glandular clusters, accompanied via fibrous stroma. Cervical polyps are characterized with the aid of a Fig. 2. Diagrammatic summary of polyp aetiologies. fibrovascular interior concerning stromal cells surrounded via a papillary proliferations about cells. These cells may lie compiled about Ultimately the genetic groundwork about polyp development might either squamous then glandular epithelium. EPs, over the mean hand, also proceed stay clear of understanding. Polyps appear to rely are higher described as a mix concerning extensive unabated blood regarding now not simply one, but as a substitute much genetic vessels along fibrous stroma then in another way shaped glandular alterations. Furthermore, this ameliorations oft appear to function spaces. EPs are greater different within nature, who displays the large between combination together with metabolic, drug induced, or spectrum about the endometrial tissue, the place the polyps originated environmental factors. Published research describe the involvement of out of or the vast editions done in cases. Classification
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hysteroscopy with Dilation and Curretage (D & C)
    501 19th Street, Trustees Tower FORT SANDERS WOMEN’S SPECIALISTS 1924 Pinnacle Point Way Suite 401, Knoxville Tn 37916 P# 865-331-1122 F# 865-331-1976 Suite 200, Knoxville Tn 37922 Dr. Curtis Elam, M.D., FACOG, AIMIS, Dr. David Owen, M.D., FACOG, Dr. Brooke Foulk, M.D., FACOG Dr. Dean Turner M.D., FACOG, ASCCP, Dr. F. Robert McKeown III, M.D., FACOG, AIMIS, Dr. Steven Pierce M.D., Dr. G. Walton Smith, M.D., FACOG, Dr. Susan Robertson, M.D., FACOG HYSTEROSCOPY WITH DILATION AND CURRETAGE (D & C) Please read and sign the following consent form when you feel that you completely understand the surgical procedure that is to be performed and after you have asked all of your questions. If you have any further questions or concerns, please contact our office prior to your procedure so that we may clarify any pertinent issues. Definition: HysterosCopy is an outpatient procedure that allows your doctor direct visualization of the inside of the uterine cavity (womb) by inserting a thin lighted telescope (hysteroscope) through the vagina (birth canal) and cervix, without making an abdominal incision. This procedure enables your doctor to examine the lining of the uterus, look for polyps, fibroids, scar tissue, blockages of the fallopian tubes, and abnormal partitions. In addition, this procedure allows your doctor to remove or surgically treat many of the abnormalities seen. Dilation and Curettage (D&C) allows your doctor to take a sample of the tissue that lines your uterus (endometrium) and/or to remove polyps, fibroid tumors, or hyperplasia. Suction D&C is used in cases of miscarriage.
    [Show full text]
  • Hysteroscopy an Internal Examination of Your Womb
    We Care Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust an internal examination Hysteroscopy of your womb This information leaflet has been given to you to help answer some of the questions you may have about having a hysteroscopy. It explains the benefits, risks and alternatives of the procedure as well as what you can expect when you come to hospital. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to speak with your doctor or nurse. What is a hysteroscopy? A hysteroscopy is a procedure which uses a fine telescope, called a hysteroscope, to examine the lining and shape of the uterus (womb cavity). It is performed either in the outpatient department or in theatre, usually as a day patient. The Consultant will discuss with you where it is best for you to have the procedure. What are the benefits of having a hysteroscopy? A hysteroscopy can help to find the cause of problems relating to: • Heavy vaginal bleeding • Irregular periods • Bleeding between periods • Bleeding after sexual intercourse • Bleeding after menopause • Persistent discharge. In some cases, once a diagnosis has been made, the hysteroscope can also be used in the treatment of the problem. We Care WPR8773 Apr 2018 Review date by: Apr 2020 For example, problems that can be treated during a hysteroscopy are: • fibroids (growths in the uterus which are not cancer) • polyps (blood-filled growths which are not cancer) • thickening of the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) • removal of displaced intrauterine contraceptive devices removal of scar tissue. What are the risks associated with a hysteroscopy? Your Consultant/Doctor will explain these risks to you before you sign or give a verbal consent for the procedure.
    [Show full text]
  • Risks of Hysteroscopy and Fractional Dilation and Curettage South Care Women's Florida
    Risks of Hysteroscopy and Fractional Dilation and Curettage South Florida Women's Care The Procedure I will be undergoing is ______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________. 1. Damage to uterus, bowel, bladder, urinary organs: Perforation of the uterus is a small risk. If that were to occur, laparoscopy (placing a camera in the umbilicus) may need to be done to make sure the uterus wasn’t bleeding and repair any damage. Cervical stenosis (inability of the cervix to dilate) can increase the rise of uterine perforation. 2. Fluid overload: Special attention is taken to monitor exactly how much fluid goes into your uterus during the hysteroscopy. Rarely, extra fluid can accumulate in your lungs, called pulmonary edema. 3. Damage to nerves, skin: We are very careful to position your legs very gently before surgery. Rarely, the nerves in your legs can “go to sleep” during surgery and can have temporary nerve damage. 4. Infection: You are given an antibiotic during surgery to decrease any risk of infection. Rarely, infection can occur after surgery and need medicine, and even surgery to correct. 5. Need for further surgery: If your procedure involves treatment for heavy bleeding (i.e. Removing a polyp or endometrial ablation), it is possible that these procedures will not cure your underlying problem and further surgery will be needed. 6. Risks for endometrial ablation: Sometimes your cervix will not close over the device and cause the procedure to be abandoned for safety reasons. There is also risk of damage to abdominal organs. About 5-10% of ablations done need further surgery (hysterectomy) to stop heavy bleeding.
    [Show full text]
  • Dilation and Curettage (D&C)
    Fact Sheet From ReproductiveFacts.org The Patient Education Website of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine Dilation and Curettage (D&C) This fact sheet was developed in collaboration with The Society of Reproductive Surgeons “Dilation and curettage” (D&C) is a short surgical as intestines, bladder, or blood vessels, are injured. If procedure that removes tissue from your uterus (womb). any of these organs are injured, they must be repaired You may need this procedure if you have unexplained with surgery. However, if no other organs have been or abnormal bleeding, or if you have delivered a baby injured, long-term complications from a perforation are and placental tissue remains in your womb. D&C also is extremely rare and the uterus heals on its own. performed to remove pregnancy tissue remaining from can occur after a D&C. If you are not a miscarriage or an abortion. Infections pregnant at the time of your D&C, this complication How is the procedure done? is extremely rare. However, 10% of women who were D&C can be done in a doctor’s office or in the hospital. pregnant before their D&C can get an infection, usually You may be given medications to relax you or to put you within 1 week of the procedure. It may be related to a to sleep for a short time. Your doctor will slowly widen sexually transmitted infection or due to normal bacteria the opening to your uterus (cervix). Opening your cervix that pass from the vagina into the uterus during or can cause cramping.
    [Show full text]
  • A Critical Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Risk Factors for Fertility Problems in a Globalized World
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.06.21256676; this version posted May 8, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . Looking beyond the obvious: a critical systematic review and meta-analyses of risk factors for fertility problems in a globalized world Authors: R.R. Bayoumi1*, J. Boivin2*, H.M. Fatemi3, L. Hurt4, G.I. Serour5, S. van der Poel6 and C. Venetis7. 1* Corresponding author: PhD Student, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Takemi Fellow, Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA, [email protected] 2* Corresponding author: Professor of Psychology, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK, [email protected] 3: Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Medical Director, ART Fertility Clinics, Abu Dhabi, UAE 4: Senior Lecturer, Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales, UK 5: Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt 6: Independent Consultant, Route de la Capite, Geneva, Switzerland 7: Associate Professor, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Abstract Background: Well-established risk factors for fertility problems such as smoking have been included in fertility awareness efforts globally. However, these efforts neglect risks that women in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) face. Objective: To address this gap, we identified eight risk factors affecting women in LMIC and the aim of the current review was to estimate the impact of these risks on fertility.
    [Show full text]
  • Hysteroscopy Vs. Transvaginal Ultraultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Lesions
    Caspian J Reprod Med, 2016, 2(1): 21-26 Caspian Journal of Reproductive Medicine Journal homepage: www.caspjrm.ir Original article Hysteroscopy vs. transvaginal ultraultrasonography in the diagnosis of endometrial lesions Zinatossadat Bouzari 1, Shahla Yazdani2, Sedigheh Esmailzadeh 2,*, Roza Shahhoseini3, Ali Fazli4, Mojgan Naeimi rad4 1Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 2Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute & Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Clinical Research Development Unit of Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 3Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 4Clinical Research Development Unit of Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol-Iran Received: 11 Dec 2015 Accepted: 10 Mar 2016 Abstract Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common gynecological problems that many factors are involved in its creation. Two common methods used to diagnose uterine lesions are vaginal ultraultrasonography and hysteroscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of transvaginal ultraultrasonography and hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions leading to the AUB. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 203 premenopausal post-menopausal women with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding. A transvaginal ultraultrasonography was performed from the eligible subjects. In the second visit, a hysteroscopy was done and during the hysteroscopy procedure an endometrial biopsy was obtained from all the women. Pathology was considered as the gold standard and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for both methods using the Cat maker software.
    [Show full text]
  • Hysteroscopy Dilation and Curettage
    Hysteroscopy Dilation and Curettage Technique Procedure involves using a hysteroscope to place microinserts within the opening of the fallopian tubes from within the uterus. These inserts block the fallopian tubes for the purpose of permanent sterilization. Incisions No incisions are required for this procedure Operative Time Operative times vary greatly depending on the findings at the time of surgery. Your surgeon will proceed with safety as his/her first priority. Average times range from 15-30 minutes. Anesthesia • Local anesthesia or • Local anesthesia + IV sedation Preoperative Care • Schedule your case immediately after your period. • Your doctor will recommend that you take a hormonal medicine to thin the lining of your uterus prior to this procedure. • Nothing by mouth after midnight Hospital Stay • Office procedure • Day surgery Postoperative Care These guidelines are intended to give you a general idea of your postoperative course. Since every patient is unique and has a unique procedure, your recovery may differ. • Anti-inflammatory pain medicine, such as ibuprofen, naproxen, etc., is usually required for the first several days. Most patients do not need narcotics. • Driving is allowed once you have cleared anesthesia. • If they desire, patients may return to work on the day of the procedure. • You must use a form of reversible contraception until you undergo a hysterosalpingogram (HSG). This x-ray test will be performed 3 months after your procedure and will confirm that your fallopian tubes are occluded. 1700 6th Avenue South ● Birmingham, AL 35249 ● (205) 934-9999 .
    [Show full text]
  • STOP Performing Dilation and Curettage for the Evaluation Of
    STOP/START Diagnostic hysteroscopy spies polyp previously missed on transvaginal ultrasound and dilation and curettage. STOP performing dilation and curettage for the evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding START performing in-office hysteroscopy to identify the etiology of abnormal uterine bleeding }expert commentary her treatment she had a 3-year history of Amy Garcia mD, Director, Center for abnormal vaginal bleeding. Results from con- Women’s Surgery and Garcia Institute for management secutive pelvic ultrasounds indicated that the Hysteroscopic Training, Albuquerque, and Clinical Assistant Professor, Department patient had progressively thickening endome- obg r of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University trium (from 1.4 cm to 2.5 cm to 4.7 cm). In-office O r f of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albu- E biopsy was negative for endometrial pathology. f querque. Dr. Garcia serves on the OBG ie An ultimate dilation and curettage (D&C) was K ManageMent Board of Editors. On the Web aig Dr. Garcia reports receiving grant support from Hologic; CASe In-office hysteroscopy spies being a consultant to Conceptus, Boston Scientific, Ethicon : Cr 12 intraoperative Endosurgery, IOGYN, Minerva, Hologic, Smith & Nephew, previously missed polyp ation videos from and Karl Storz Endoscopy; and being a member of the r A 51-year-old woman with a history of breast Dr. Garcia, at speakers’ bureau for Conceptus, Karl Storz Endoscopy, and ust ll obgmanagement.com cancer completed 5 years of tamoxifen. During Ethicon Endosurgery. I 44 OBG Management | June 2013 | Vol. 25 No. 6 obgmanagement.com performed with negative histologic diagnosis. FIGURE consecutive ultrasounds evaluating The patient is seen in consultation, and abnormal bleeding the ultrasound images are reviewed (FIGURE).
    [Show full text]
  • The Woman with Postmenopausal Bleeding
    THEME Gynaecological malignancies The woman with postmenopausal bleeding Alison H Brand MD, FRCS(C), FRANZCOG, CGO, BACKGROUND is a certified gynaecological Postmenopausal bleeding is a common complaint from women seen in general practice. oncologist, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales. OBJECTIVE [email protected]. This article outlines a general approach to such patients and discusses the diagnostic possibilities and their edu.au management. DISCUSSION The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is atrophic vaginitis or endometritis. However, as 10% of women with postmenopausal bleeding will be found to have endometrial cancer, all patients must be properly assessed to rule out the diagnosis of malignancy. Most women with endometrial cancer will be diagnosed with early stage disease when the prognosis is excellent as postmenopausal bleeding is an early warning sign that leads women to seek medical advice. Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is defined as bleeding • cancer of the uterus, cervix, or vagina (Table 1). that occurs after 1 year of amenorrhea in a woman Endometrial or vaginal atrophy is the most common cause who is not receiving hormone therapy (HT). Women of PMB but more sinister causes of the bleeding such on continuous progesterone and oestrogen hormone as carcinoma must first be ruled out. Patients at risk for therapy can expect to have irregular vaginal bleeding, endometrial cancer are those who are obese, diabetic and/ especially for the first 6 months. This bleeding should or hypertensive, nulliparous, on exogenous oestrogens cease after 1 year. Women on oestrogen and cyclical (including tamoxifen) or those who experience late progesterone should have a regular withdrawal bleeding menopause1 (Table 2).
    [Show full text]
  • SJH Procedures
    SJH Procedures - Gynecology and Gynecology Oncology Services New Name Old Name CPT Code Service ABLATION, LESION, CERVIX AND VULVA, USING CO2 LASER LASER VAPORIZATION CERVIX/VULVA W CO2 LASER 56501 Destruction of lesion(s), vulva; simple (eg, laser surgery, Gynecology electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemosurgery) 56515 Destruction of lesion(s), vulva; extensive (eg, laser surgery, Gynecology electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemosurgery) 57513 Cautery of cervix; laser ablation Gynecology BIOPSY OR EXCISION, LESION, FACE AND NECK EXCISION/BIOPSY (MASS/LESION/LIPOMA/CYST) FACE/NECK General, Gynecology, Plastics, ENT, Maxillofacial BIOPSY OR EXCISION, LESION, FACE AND NECK, 2 OR MORE EXCISE/BIOPSY (MASS/LESION/LIPOMA/CYST) MULTIPLE FACE/NECK 11102 Tangential biopsy of skin (eg, shave, scoop, saucerize, curette); General, Gynecology, single lesion Aesthetics, Urology, Maxillofacial, ENT, Thoracic, Vascular, Cardiovascular, Plastics, Orthopedics 11103 Tangential biopsy of skin (eg, shave, scoop, saucerize, curette); General, Gynecology, each separate/additional lesion (list separately in addition to Aesthetics, Urology, code for primary procedure) Maxillofacial, ENT, Thoracic, Vascular, Cardiovascular, Plastics, Orthopedics 11104 Punch biopsy of skin (including simple closure, when General, Gynecology, performed); single lesion Aesthetics, Urology, Maxillofacial, ENT, Thoracic, Vascular, Cardiovascular, Plastics, Orthopedics 11105 Punch biopsy of skin (including simple closure, when General, Gynecology, performed); each separate/additional lesion
    [Show full text]
  • Icd-9-Cm (2010)
    ICD-9-CM (2010) PROCEDURE CODE LONG DESCRIPTION SHORT DESCRIPTION 0001 Therapeutic ultrasound of vessels of head and neck Ther ult head & neck ves 0002 Therapeutic ultrasound of heart Ther ultrasound of heart 0003 Therapeutic ultrasound of peripheral vascular vessels Ther ult peripheral ves 0009 Other therapeutic ultrasound Other therapeutic ultsnd 0010 Implantation of chemotherapeutic agent Implant chemothera agent 0011 Infusion of drotrecogin alfa (activated) Infus drotrecogin alfa 0012 Administration of inhaled nitric oxide Adm inhal nitric oxide 0013 Injection or infusion of nesiritide Inject/infus nesiritide 0014 Injection or infusion of oxazolidinone class of antibiotics Injection oxazolidinone 0015 High-dose infusion interleukin-2 [IL-2] High-dose infusion IL-2 0016 Pressurized treatment of venous bypass graft [conduit] with pharmaceutical substance Pressurized treat graft 0017 Infusion of vasopressor agent Infusion of vasopressor 0018 Infusion of immunosuppressive antibody therapy Infus immunosup antibody 0019 Disruption of blood brain barrier via infusion [BBBD] BBBD via infusion 0021 Intravascular imaging of extracranial cerebral vessels IVUS extracran cereb ves 0022 Intravascular imaging of intrathoracic vessels IVUS intrathoracic ves 0023 Intravascular imaging of peripheral vessels IVUS peripheral vessels 0024 Intravascular imaging of coronary vessels IVUS coronary vessels 0025 Intravascular imaging of renal vessels IVUS renal vessels 0028 Intravascular imaging, other specified vessel(s) Intravascul imaging NEC 0029 Intravascular
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Hysterosalpingography and Hysteroscopy in Evaluating the Uterine Cavity in Infertile Women
    MOJ Women’s Health Research Article Open Access Comparison of hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in evaluating the uterine cavity in infertile women Abstract Volume 8 Issue 1 - 2019 Background: Infertility in women is predominantly associated with uterine cavity Baydaa F Alsannan,1 Ghadeer S Akbar,2 abnormalities. Uterine cavity anomalies and damage to the fallopian tubes may occur 3 due to various reasons such as endometriosis, polyps, adhesions and scar tissues. Anthony P Cheung 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of hysterosalpingography (HSG) in Kuwait, Kuwait comparison to hysteroscopy (HSC) for various structural and intracavitary uterine 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health, pathologies in women with infertility. Kuwait 3Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Materials and methods: An observational study of 280 women with infertility was University of British Colombia, Canada carried out to compare the diagnostic values of HSG and HSC in the diagnosis of uterine pathologies in women enduring infertility. The specific uterine conditions Correspondence: Baydaa Al Sannan, Department of evaluated were intrauterine synechiae, intrauterine fibroids/polyps and Mullerian Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of medicine, Kuwait congenital anomalies. The main outcome measures were sensitivity, specificity, University, Kuwait, Tel +965 25319601, positive and negative predictive values of HSG relative to hysteroscopy in diagnosing Email the following uterine pathologies: intrauterine synechiae, intrauterine fibroids/polyps Received: December 18, 2018 | Published: January 16, 2019 and Mullerian anomalies. Results: HSG had a sensitivity of 75% in detecting intrauterine synechiae, specificity of 86.5%, positive predictive value of 63% and negative predictive value of 91.8%.
    [Show full text]