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Eye-Movement Intervention Enhances Extinction Via Amygdala Deactivation

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Eye-Movement Intervention Enhances Extinction Via Amygdala Deactivation This Accepted Manuscript has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. Research Articles: Behavioral/Cognitive Eye-movement intervention enhances extinction via amygdala deactivation Lycia D. de Voogd1, Jonathan W. Kanen1,3, David A. Neville1, Karin Roelofs1,2, Guillén Fernández1 and Erno J. Hermans1 1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 2Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 3Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0703-18.2018 Received: 14 March 2018 Revised: 10 August 2018 Accepted: 16 August 2018 Published: 4 September 2018 Author contributions: L.D.d.V., K.R., G.F., and E.J.H. designed research; L.D.d.V. and J.K. performed research; L.D.d.V. and E.J.H. contributed unpublished reagents/analytic tools; L.D.d.V. analyzed data; L.D.d.V. wrote the first draft of the paper; L.D.d.V., J.K., D.A.N., K.R., G.F., and E.J.H. edited the paper; L.D.d.V. and E.J.H. wrote the paper. Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests. Correspondence to: Lycia D. de Voogd, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (Radboudumc), P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Ph: +31 (0)24 36 10878, Fx: +31 (0)24 36 10989, E-mail: [email protected] Cite as: J. Neurosci ; 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0703-18.2018 Alerts: Sign up at www.jneurosci.org/cgi/alerts to receive customized email alerts when the fully formatted version of this article is published. Accepted manuscripts are peer-reviewed but have not been through the copyediting, formatting, or proofreading process. Copyright © 2018 the authors Eye-movement intervention enhances extinction via amygdala deactivation Regular manuscript Ǥͳȗǡ Ǥͳǡ͵ǡǤͳǡͳǡʹǡ ± ͳǡ Ǥ ͳ ͳ ǡǡ ǡ͸ͷͲͲ ǡǡ ʹ ǡǡǡ ͵ ǡ ǡ ǡʹ͵ǡ ȗ ǣ Ǥ ǡȋ Ȍ ǤǤͻͳͲͳ ͸ͷͲͲ ǡ ǣΪ͵ͳȋͲȌʹͶ͵͸ͳͲͺ͹ͺ ǣΪ͵ͳȋͲȌʹͶ͵͸ͳͲͻͺͻ ǦǣǤ̷ǤǤ Short title: Keywords: Ǣ Ǣ Ǣ ȋȌǢ Ǣ Ǥ Abstractǣͳͻͺ Introductionǣͷͻ͹ Discussionǣͳ͸ͶͶ Number of figuresǣͷ Number of tablesǣ͸ de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 2 Abstract Ǧ Ǥ ȋ αʹͶȌǡ Ǧ ଶ Ǧ ȋߟ௣αǤͳ͹ȌǤ Ǧ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ଶ ʹͶȋߟ௣αǤʹͳȌǤ ȋrαǤ͵ͻȌǤ ǡ ǦǦ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ Ǧ ǡ ȋe.g.ǡ Ȍ Ǥ Significant statement Ǧ Ǥ ǡ non-invasive Ǥ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ Ǧǡǡ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ 2 de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 3 Introduction 1 ȋǤǡ 2 ʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ ǡ ǡ 3 Ǥ ȋǡ ʹͲͳͳǢ 4 Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͷȌǤ 5 Ǧ ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͷȌǤ 6 ȋǤǡʹͲͲͲȌǡ 7 ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͲͲȌ 8 ȋǤǡʹͲͲͻǢǤǡʹͲͳʹȌǤ 9 Ǧ 10 ȋ ǤǡʹͲͳͲȌǤ 11 ǡ Ǥ 12 Ǥ 13 ȋǢ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳ͵Ȍǡ 14 Ǧ ȋǤǡ 15 ʹͲͳ͵ǢǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤǡ ǡ 16 Ǥǡ 17 ̵Ǥ 18 ǡ any 19 ȋǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ 20 21 22 Ǥ 23 Ǧ 24 Ǧǡ ȋ Ǣ 25 ǡʹͲͲʹȌǡǦ Ǥ 26 ǡ Ǧ 27 ȋǤǡʹͲͲͻȌǡ Ǥ ǡ 28 Ǧ 29 ȋ ǡʹͲͲͷȌǤ 30 ǡ ǡ 31 ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͲͲȌǤ ǡ ǡ βǦ 32 ǡ 3 de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 4 33 ȋᑣ ǡʹͲͲͶȌǤ Ǧ 34 ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͲȌǤ ǡ 35 Ǧǡ ȋ ǤǡʹͲͲͻǢ 36 ǤǡʹͲͳͷȌ ǤȋͳȌǦ 37 - ǡ 38 ǡ ȋʹȌ Ǧ 39 Ǥ 40 ǡ ȋ α ʹͶȌǡ Ǧ 41 Ǧ 42 Ǥ 43 Ǥ ȋα 44 ʹͶȌǡ Ȁ Ȁ 45 Ǧ 46 Ǥ 47 48 Materials and Methods 49 50 ͳ 51 52 Participants 53 Ǧ Ǧ ȋͳʹ ǡ ͳʹ Ǣ ʹ͵Ǧ͵͹ ȏαʹ͸Ǥͻͷǡ 54 α͵Ǥ͸ȐȌ Ǥ Ǥ 55 Ǥ 56 ȋǦȌǤ 57 58 Experimental design 59 ͸ Ǧ ȋǤǡʹͲͲͻȌǡ͸ 60 Ǧǡͺ ǦǤ 61 ʹ͹ Ǥ Ǧ ǡ 62 ͳͷ Ǥ ͶͲͲ ǡ 63 ȋ ȌͳͶͲͲǤ 64 65 Ǥ Ǧ ǡ 4 de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 5 66 Ǥ ̱ͳ ǡ 67 ȋ ǤǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ ͳͷ ǡǦ 68 Ǥ 69 70 MRI data acquisition 71 ȋǡ Ȍ ͵ Ǥ 72 ʹȗǦ Ǧ ȋȌ 73 ȋ͵͹ ǢǡͳǤͺͻǢǡʹͷ Ǣ 74 ȋ Ǣ Ǥǡ ʹͲͲʹȌ 75 ʹǢǡͻͲιǢ ǡ͸Ͷ͸ͶǢ ǡ͵Ǥ͵Ǣ ǡͲǤ͵ 76 Ǣ ǡʹͳʹʹͳʹǢǣͳ͹͹͸ ȀǢ ǣͲǤ͸ͷȌǤ ȋͳ 77 Ȍ ͳǦ͵ǦǦ 78 ȋǦ ǢǡʹǤ͹͵ǢǡʹǤͻͷǢǡ͹ιǢ ǡʹͷ͸ʹͷ͸ͳ͹͸ȌǤ 79 80 MRI data preprocessing and statistical analyses 81 Ǧ ȋ ͳͷʹȌ Ǧ 82 ǤǦǦ 83 Ǥ Ǧ 84 Ǥ ǡǡ 85 86 ȋ ǡ ʹͲͲͷȌǤ Ǧ 87 ȋ ͵ͺͶͳǦ ȌȋǡʹͲͲ͹Ȍǡ 88 ȋȌ ͳͷʹ ͺȋ ǣ̴ͲͲ͹Ͳ͵͹ȌǤ 89 ǡ ʹ 90 ͸ Ǥ 91 Ǧ Ǧ 92 ȋʹ͹ȌǤ 93 ȋ Ȍ ͺ ȋ ǣ̴ͲͲ͹Ͳ͵͹ȌǤ ǡ 94 ȋ͵ ǡ ͵ Ȍ Ǧ 95 ǡ Ǧ ȋͳȀͳʹͺ ǦȌǡ ȋͳȌ 96 Ǥ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ 97 ǦǦǦǤ 5 de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 6 98 ǡ ȋ Ȍ 99 ȋ Ȍ Ǧ Ǧ 100 Ǥ ͳǡ ǡ 101 Ǧ 102 ȋ Ǥǡͳͻͻ͹ȌǤȋȌ ǡ 103 ȏͳȐ 104 ȋȌǡȏʹȐ ȏ 105 ȋ Ȍ ȐȋǦ 106 Ȍ 107 ͺ ȋ ǣ̴ͲͲ͹Ͳ͵͹ȌǤ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ 108 Ǧ 109 Ǧ Ǥ 110 ǡ 111 ȋ Ȍ ȋȌ 112 Ǧȋ Ȍ Ǧ Ǥ 113 ȋαʹͶȌ 114 ͳǦ ȋ ǣ̴ͲͲʹͺʹ͵ǡ 115 ǣȀȀǤǤǤ ǤȀȀȀ Ȍǡ Ǥ 116 ͳͲͲͶͲǦ͵ 117 ȋ ǡʹͲͳͲȌǤ 118 119 Eye tracking 120 ͳͷ ǡ Ǧ Ǧ ȋ 121 Ǧ ǡ ǡ ȌǤ Ǧ 122 ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳ͵Ȍ ͹ǤͳͶ ȋǡ ǣ̴ͲͲͳ͸ʹʹȌǤ 123 ǤǦ 124 Ǥ 125 Ǥ 6 de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 7 126 ʹ 127 128 Participants 129 ǦǦȋͳʹǡͳʹǢʹͲǦ͵ͶȏαʹͶǤͺǡα͵Ǥ͸ȐȌ 130 Ǥͷ Ǧ 131 ȋe.g., ȌǤ ǣ 132 ǡ ǡ ǡ 133 ǡ ͵ 134 ǡ ǡǡ 135 Ǧǡ ǡ ǡ 136 Ǥ Ǥ 137 ȋǦȌǤ 138 139 Experimental design 140 ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͲǡ 141 ʹͲͳ͵Ȍ ʹͶ Ǥ 142 ǡ ǡ Ǥ 143 ȋȌ Ǥ 144 ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡ 145 ȋΪǡ Ͷ Ȍ ȋ͵͹Ǥͷ Ψ Ȍ 146 ȋi.e.ǡ ǢȌǤ ȋǦǡͶȌ 147 Ǥ ǡ͸Ͷȋͳ͸Ȍǡ ǦǤ 148 Ϊ ǡΪ ǡǦǤ 149 Ͷͺ͸Ǥ 150 ǡ Ͷͺ ȋͳʹ ǡ Ͷ Ȍ ʹͶ Ǧ 151 ȋͳͲȌǤΪȋΪȌǦȋǦȌ 152 Ǧ Ϊ ȋΪǦȌ Ǧ ȋǦǦȌ 153 Ǥ ͲǤͷ 154 ͳǤͷ Ǧ Ǥ 155 ͳͲǡǡ 156 ͺͻ͸ȋǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤͳͲ 157 ǡ 158 ȋȌ Ǧ ȋ ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ 7 de Voogd et al. – Eye movements enhance extinction – Manuscript - Page | 8 159 ͳǡ ̱ͳ ǡ 160 ȋ ǤǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤͳͳιǤ Ǧ 161 Ͷ ͺ ͸Ǥ ǡ 162 Ǧ ȋǦ ͳȌǡ ʹͶȋ͸ǡͶ 163 Ȍ Ͷ ͺ ȋ ͸ȌǤ 164 ȋ ǤǡʹͲͳͶȌ ͵Ǧȋ ǣ 165 ͳͲȌǤ ǡ Ǧ ȋǦ ʹȌǡ 166 ʹͶ ȋ͸ ǡ Ͷ ȌǤ Ͷ ͺ 167 ͸Ǥ ʹǤ 168 169 Questionnaires and debriefing 170 ȋ Ǣ Ǥǡͳͻͻ͸Ȍ 171 Ǧ ȋ ǦǢǡͳͻͺͲȌǤ ͳ͵ 172 ǡ Ǧ 173 Ǥ ͵ǤͷȋǣͲǦͳͲȌ Ǧ͵͵ǤͷȋǣʹͷǦͶͺȌǤ 174 175 ǡǦ 176 Ǥ 177 Ǥ 178 ǤǦ 179 ͵ Ǥ 180 Ǥ 181 182 Peripheral stimulation 183 Ȁ 184 ȋ Ȍ 185 ʹͲͲͲ ȋǦ Ȍ Ǥ ʹͲͲ ǡ ͳͲ 186 ͲǦͶͲȀͲǦͺͲǤ 187 ǡ ǡ 188 ǡǤ 189 ͶǤͺȋǣͳǤͺȌ ͳͳͲǤͳ 190 ͵ Ǥ 191 8 de Voogd et al.
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