Metro Manila Bridges Project
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Initial Environmental Examination June 2021 Philippines: Metro Manila Bridges Project Prepared by the Department of Public Works and Highways for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 11 May 2021) Currency unit – peso/s (₽) ₽1.00 = $0.02 $1.00 = ₽47.89 ABBREVIATIONS NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. PHI: Metro Manila Bridges Project 3 Priority Bridges, Marikina Initial Environmental Examination TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..............................................................................................................................10 I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................18 A. RATIONALE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 18 B. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................................... 20 C. PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY............................................................................................... 20 II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................23 A. LOCATION AND GENERAL FEATURES OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ............................................................................. 23 B. PROJECTED TRAFFIC .......................................................................................................................................................... 27 C. COMPONENTS OF THE PROPOSED BRIDGES................................................................................................................... 28 D. SCOPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND OTHER WORKS ...................................................................................................... 34 E. CONSTRUCTION METHOD ................................................................................................................................................ 36 F. TEMPORARY YARD FOR CONSTRUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 36 G. COST OF THE PROJECT AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT ............................................................................. 38 III. POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...............................................................................................42 A. Relevant International Environmental Agreements.................................................................................... 42 B. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements ................................................................... 43 C. DPWH Codes, Manuals and Guidelines for Bridges Construction Project ....................................... 48 D. ADB’s Safeguard Requirements..................................................................................................................... 49 E. Key Institutions Involved in the Implementation of Environmental Safeguards ............................ 50 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................52 A. Physical Environment ............................................................................................................................................. 52 B. Biological Environment.......................................................................................................................................... 82 C. Socio-economic Environment ............................................................................................................................. 88 V. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATING MEASURES ...............................................................91 A. ITEMIZED CONSTRUCTION METHOD ............................................................................................................................... 91 B. ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS ................................................................................................................................................ 94 C. AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................................. 109 D. NOISE ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................................................... 119 E. VIBRATION IMPACT ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................................................. 147 Page 2 of 220 PHI: Metro Manila Bridges Project 3 Priority Bridges, Marikina Initial Environmental Examination VI. CLIMATE RISK AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR MARIKINA BRIDGES ................... 151 A. Historical and Projected Climate Change .................................................................................................... 152 B. Projected Climate Change in the Study Area ............................................................................................ 158 C. Existing Climate Change Hazards ................................................................................................................... 160 D. Climate Risk and Vulnerability Level ......................................................................................................... 165 E. Climate Adjustments for the Detailed Flood Design .............................................................................. 167 F. Review of Sea Level Rise Impact due to Climate change ..................................................................... 179 G. Estimated Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...................................................................................................... 179 VII. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE .................................. 182 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .......................................................................................... 194 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................. 196 A. Environmental Management Plan ................................................................................................................... 196 B. Environmental Monitoring Plan ....................................................................................................................... 197 C. Organizational Set-up.......................................................................................................................................... 211 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................... 219 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of the Proposed Marikina Bridges ................................................................. 24 Figure 2: Marcos Highway – St. Mary Bridge Alignment ............................................................. 25 Figure 3 J.P. Rizal-Lopez Jaena Bridge Alignment ..................................................................... 26 Figure 4: Kabayani-Katipunan Extension Bridge ......................................................................... 27 Figure 5. Plan and Profile of Bridge 1 .......................................................................................... 29 Figure 6 . Plan and Profile of Bridge No.2 ................................................................................... 30 Figure 7. Horizontal Alignment Plan Bridge 3 .............................................................................. 32 Figure 8. Plan and Profile of Bridge No.3 .................................................................................... 32 Figure 9. Bridge 1 Possible Construction Sites ........................................................................... 37 Figure 10. Bridge 2 Possible Construction Sites ......................................................................... 37 Figure 11. Bridge 3 Possible Construction Sites ......................................................................... 38 Figure 12. Topography of the Project Sites ................................................................................. 53 Figure 13. Geologic Map of Marikina River Basin ....................................................................... 54 Figure 14. Topographic Map of Marikina River Basin ................................................................. 55 Figure 15. Pedology Map of Marikina River Basin ...................................................................... 56 Figure 16. Bridges 1 and 2: Relative to VFS, PHIVOLCS Fault Finder ...................................... 57 Figure 17. Location of West