Saint Xavier College of CHICAGO

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Saint Xavier College of CHICAGO >CADEM,c ADVKINa Saint Xavier College OF CHICAGO 1989-91 Undergraduate Academic Catalog SAINT XAVIER COLLEGE/CHICAGO 3700 West 103rd Street Chicago, Illinois 60655 (312) 779-3300 1989-91 ACADEMIC PROGRAMS Bachelor's Degree Programs Accounting Education Mathematics Art Early Childhood Music Biology Kindergarten-Primary Liturgical Music "Botany Intermediate-Upper Music Business Business Administration *'Secondary Performance Finance Engineering Natural Science Human Resource English Nursing ManatJ Family Studies Philosophy Marketing French Political Science Management1 Administration History Psychology Management Information Interdisciplinary History and Industrial Psychology Systems Political Science Religious Studies Small Business Interdisciplinary Social Science Sociology Management International Business Spanish Chemistry International Studies Community Service Computer Science Muss Communications Speech and Language Pathology Criminal Justice 'Cooperative program with Morton Arboretum "Mainrs approved lor secondary education certification include: art. biology. English. French, history, interdisciplinary history political science, interdisciplinary social science, mathematics, music, and Spanish "2 + 2 program with Illinois Institute of Technology Pre-professional Minor Programs Weekend College Programs Medicine, dentistry, Anthropology Business Administration optometry, pharmacy, Physical Education Criminal Justice podiatry, veterinary Speech Communication Liberal Studies medicine and law Theater Nursing Writing B.S. completion for the R.N. M.S. courses also available Psychology In addition, traditional minors are available in most of the disciplines offering majors Master's Degree Programs Education -MA Degree Nursing - M.S. Degree Business - M.B.A. Degree Curriculum and liislrm linn Community Health Finance Education (3 tracks- Medical-Surgical International Business Iniliviriudlly Designed, Nursing Administration Management Math-Education and Nursing Education Management Information Criminal Justice Psychiatric Menial Health Systems Counseling! M^^^^^^^^ Marketing Educational Administration learning Disabilities Reading Institutes Family Studies Gerontology ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Pastoral Ministry ^ *»M b, Sain. Xaue, College. Chicago. Illinois. The provisions ul Ihis catalog are not lo be regarded as an irrevocable contract between the student and the College The erves the right In mak, and indicate the effective date of changes in curriculum, course offerings, fees, require- ! lor degrees, and other regulations at any time such changes are deemed necessary or desirable. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 Student Life 6 Admissions and Financial Aid 9 Academic Policies 15 Continuing Education 25 Academic Programs and Course Offerings 27 Accounting 37 Anthropology 165 Art 30 Astronomy 163 Biology 157 Botany 160 Business Administration 37 Chemistry 160 Computer Science 108 Criminal Justice 50 Education 55 Engineering 163 English 69 Family Studies 75 Foreign Languages 78 Geology 164 Gerontology Institute 84 History 87 Humanities 99 Interdisciplinary History and Political Science 90 Interdisciplinary Social Science 90 International Business 37 International Studies 89 Mass Communications 102 Mathematics 108 Music 118 Natural Science 164 Nursing 127 Pastoral Ministry Institute 133 Philosophy 136 Physical Education 142 Physics 163 Political Science- 87 Psychology 145 Religious Studies 151 Science 156 Sociology 165 Speech 173 Weekend College 178 Nursing for Registered Nurses 183 Business Administration 184 Criminal Justice 185 Liberal Studies 186 Psychology 187 Trustees, Administrators and Faculty 189 Index 202 INTRODUCTION HISTORY Saint Xavier College, a coeducational liberal arts college for commuter and resident students, offers undergraduate programs in over 25 major fields and interdisciplinary areas and graduate programs in Business Administration, Education and Nursing. Founded by the Sisters of Mercy and chartered in 1847, Saint Xavier College occupied three different locations in early Chicago. Since 1956, the campus has been situated in southwest Chicago in the heart of a residential area. The institution became coeducational in 1969. The faculty-student ratio is 1 to 13 and the College currently serves nearly 2,600 students. DEGREES AWARDED The College by its charter of 1847 is authorized "to confer on such persons as may be considered worthy, such academic or honorary degrees as are usually conferred by similar institutions." Saint Xavier College awards undergraduate students the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science, and graduate students the degree of Master of Arts, Master of Business Administration, or Master of Science. ACCREDITATION AND MEMBERSHIPS Saint Xavier College is accredited at both Bachelor's and Master's levels by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. Both the Baccalaureate and Graduate programs in the School of Nursing are accredited by the National League for Nursing. The College holds membership in the Federation of Independent Illinois Colleges and Universities, The Associated Colleges of Illinois, The Council of Independent Colleges, the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, the Illinois Association of Colleges for Teacher Education and The American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business. For state accreditation of programs in Education, see the catalog section under the School of Education. The School of Nursing holds membership in the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), the Midwest Alliance in Nursing (MAIN), and the National League for Nursing (NLN). Saint Xavier College is a school approved to train veterans and eligible persons under Title 38, U.S. Code. \ FACILITIES Modern classroom buildings, including the Graham School of Management, laboratories, a gymnasium, auditorium, residence hall, and clinical facilities in Speech, Learning Disabilities and Reading are located on the 50 acre campus. The Byrne Memorial Library has holdings which consist of more than 112,000 books. Files of scholarly and professional periodicals, along with more than 500 leading American and European current periodicals, are also available. Students have access to other library collections in the area as well as those of a nationwide inter-library loan service. Recordings and other non-print materials are available in the Media Services Center. Athletic interests of the student body are served by roads suitable for biking and baseball and Softball fields. GOALS STATEMENT OF SAINT XAVIER COLLEGE Saint Xavier College was founded by the Sisters of Mercy, a Catholic religious community. From the outset the College has been primarily a teaching-learning institution. The element of service has always characterized the College. The goals of the College reflect these historical realities and are intended to give direction to the future. I. The religious tradition of the College: The College is a "Meeting Place" for the mature intellectual examination of religion in the lives of students, faculty, and all persons who are members in some way of the College community. This exchange should be marked by an ecumenical spirit with an emphasis on the Roman Catholic tradition and the Judeo-Christian heritage, by extensive offerings in religion-theology, and by an advanced campus ministry program. Catholics should find strong support in their total development as Catholics and all members should, by the College's activities in these areas, tend toward moral growth and respect for religion in human life. II. Liberal education for the future: Liberal education and career related academic programs are major "Meeting Places" for simultaneous and integrated approaches to the education of free persons and preparation for and improvement of the world of work. Faculty and students meet as respected adult collaborators in the inquiry and reflection, in the receptive and creative aspects of the learning dialogue. Every plan and decision is examined for its relation to the quality of learning experiences. Curricula must reflect a readiness of students to utilize directly their college education in their career and job options. Faculty must require study that exceeds career preparation. Required studies must engage the student in reflection on the varieties of human behavior, on the many expressions of human communication, and on the perennial questions of mystery that unite humans and all cultures. To the extent that they prepare students for the world of work, all academic programs should strive toward making the experience of work a humane one. The purposes of programs, the modes of communication employed, and the resources available to them should be the objects of concern for everyone. III. The practice of community: In the programs, services and day-to-day operations of Saint Xavier College all members must find "Meeting Places" for personal growth. The variety and quality of services offered, of collaborative efforts, of human interactions of all kinds contribute to the personal growth or diminution of adults. In addition, human qualities learned in community affect both formal learning and modes of service offered to communities outside the campus. Reverence for one another will be seen by many as primary and practical evidence that God acts in the world. Some of the more visible marks of Christianity, for example, can be lost if the College is not concerned for the community — both within the campus boundaries and outside them. •4T STUDENT LIFE The Student Life staff
Recommended publications
  • Fall 2013 Cover Without Flap.Indd
    THE MAGAZINE OF RHODES COLLEGE FALL 2013 A Galaxy Renovated science facilities of Potential promise to attract the best and brightest. THE FUTURE UNFOLDS Plans for the renovation of Rhodes Tower include new labs, classrooms, offi ces, and physical plant improvements. An architect’s cutaway illustrates the range of potential uses for the six-story, 21,660-foot space. FALL 2013 VOLUME 20 • NUMBER 3 is published three times a year by Rhodes College 2000 N. Parkway Memphis, TN 38112 as a service to all alumni, students, parents, faculty, staff, and friends of the college. Fall 2013— Volume 20, Number 3 EDITOR Lynn Conlee GRAPHIC DESIGNERS Larry Ahokas Robert Shatzer PRODUCTION EDITORS Jana Files ’78 Carson Irwin ’08 Charlie Kenny Ken Woodmansee CONTRIBUTORS Lauren Albright ’16 Richard J. Alley Justin Fox Burks Julia Fawal ’15 8 Jim Kiihnl Michelle Parks A Message from the President Jill Johnson Piper ’80 P’17 4 Elisha Vego EDITOR EMERITUS 6 Campus News Martha Shepard ’66 Briefs on campus happenings INFORMATION 901-843-3000 30 Student Spotlight ALUMNI OFFICE 1 (800) 264-LYNX Faculty Focus ADMISSION OFFICE 34 1 (800) 844-LYNX Rhodes Tower Alumni News Photo illustration by Larry Ahokas 36 Photo by Jim Kiihnl Class Notes, In Memoriam The 2012-2013 Honor Roll of Donors 2 FALL 2013 • RHODES rhodes.edu 75 16 8 Situating Beloved Texts : 16 By Design: A Trip to Berlin Impacts Search Faculty Full Renovation to Enhancing the liberal arts experience—this time for Transform Rhodes Tower professors! With its quirky architectural history and planned renovation, 75 Rhodes and Beyond Rhodes Tower tells the tale Tucked between Alumni News and the Honor Roll lies of two centuries in science a special story about a growing college treasure.
    [Show full text]
  • Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11Th Edition, by Various 1
    Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, by Various 1 Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, by Various The Project Gutenberg EBook of Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4, by Various This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" Author: Various Release Date: November 17, 2006 [EBook #19846] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA *** Produced by Don Kretz, Juliet Sutherland, Keith Edkins and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was made using scans of public domain material from the Robinson Curriculum.) Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they are listed at the end of the text. Volume and page numbers have been incorporated into the text of each page as: v.04 p.0001. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, by Various 2 In the article CALCITE, negative Miller Indices, e.g. "1-bar" in the original are shown as "-1". In the article CALCULATING MACHINES, [Integral,a:b] indicates a definite integral between lower limit a and upper limit b. [Integral] by itself indicates an indefinite integral. [=x] and [=y] indicate x-bar and y-bar in the original. [v.04 p.0773] [Illustration] the mean interval being 60 m.; the summits are, as a rule, rounded, and the slopes gentle.
    [Show full text]
  • And Leanne Brown Eat Well on $4/Day
    EAT WELL ON $4/DAY GOOD AND CHEAP LEANNE BROWN Salad ...............................................42 Broiled Eggplant Salad ....................................43 Kale Salad ..................................................... 44 NEW Ever-Popular Potato Salad ........................46 Introduction ....................5 NEW Spicy Panzanella......................................49 Text, recipes, and most photographs and A Note on $4/Day ...........................................6 Cold (and Spicy?) Asian Noodles .....................50 design by Leanne Brown, in fulfillment My Philosophy ................................................7 Taco Salad ......................................................52 of a final project for a master’s degree in Tips for Eating and Shopping Well ...................8 Beet and Chickpea Salad ................................53 First, I’d like to thank my husband, Food Studies at New York University. Pantry Basics .................................................12 Broccoli Apple Salad .......................................54 Dan. Without him this book would not NEW Charred Summer Salad ............................55 exist. Thank you also to my wonderful This book is distributed under a family and friends, who believed in this Creative Commons Attribution- idea before anyone else. And thank you NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 license. Breakfast ..............................14 to everyone who has taken the time to For more information, visit Tomato Scrambled Eggs .................................15 Snacks,
    [Show full text]
  • Council Rejects Ordinance to Fund Design of Deck Hv PALI
    Council Rejects Ordinance To Fund Design of Deck Hv PALI. J. PKYTON lots at Elm and East Broad Streets, noted that the site's limited options Stmmllv Wmtn ft) Thr WxltitM 1 citing both traffic and safety issues. forentrance and exit dri\ eways, along The Town Council Tucsduy night Mr. Echausse, who resides on Tuttle with the small size of the lot. pul it defeated a bond ordinance that was Parkway, chairs the council's Public farther down on the list of prospec­ to set up a funding source for the Safety Committee. tive sites. design phase of a multi-tiered park­ He said he was concerned that a During Tuesday's meeting, the ing deck in the downtown deck at Eltn and Prospect would proposed deck was often described Faced with a 4-4 deadlock. Mayor create problems by sending traffic to as a "huge concrete monster" that Gregory S. McDermott cast his vote the right at the intersection of Elm would result in declining property against the ordinance, staling that he and East Broad or to the left and values, cause health and safety prob­ would like to see more discussion on down to ihe intersection of Dudley lems from poor air quality due to the issue. Avenue and Elm Street, which is auto emissions, and pose additional Voting against the ordinance, already plagued by traffic accidents. traffic safety risks for children in which was lo put aside $7(H),(HH) in Mr. Echausse said a parking struc­ surrounding neighborhoods. town funds for the design phase of ture on an existing surface lot behind Another resident said a deck could the deck, including soil samples and the PaineWehher building on North leave commuters walking to their specifications on size and aesthetics, Avenue, more commonly known as cars open to the risk of sexual as­ were ihe Mayor, First WardCouncil- lot 9 or the Shell lot, would be a sault, w hile also creating an environ­ man Peter Echausse, Second Ward better location for the deck.
    [Show full text]
  • Springer Catalog
    AB2007/2008 ABCD springer.com Winter 2007/2008 Winter Springer 7 ABC Catalog Springer Bookstore Bookstore Catalog Winter 2007/2008 COPERNICUS Table of Contents springer.com/booksellers General Information To place Sales Director Matt Conmy an order: Sales Director, Books, Americas Springer Contents Write 233 Spring Street New York, NY 10013 New Trade Books Springer P.O. Box 2485 voicemail: (800) SPRINGER, ext. 578 Copernicus ...................................................................................................... 1 Secaucus, NJ 07096-2485 tel: (212) 460-1578 Astronomy and Space .................................................................................. 3 fax (212) 460-1594 General Science ............................................................................................. 6 e-mail: [email protected] Mathematics ................................................................................................... 6 Phone/Fax Please see the preceding page for a list of regional sales representatives. Recently Announced Trade Books toll-free: 1-800-SPRINGER fax: (201) 348-4505 Copernicus ...................................................................................................... 7 Astronomy and Space .................................................................................. 7 World Wide Web Pubnet® / Electronic New & Forthcoming Visit us on the web: Astronomy/Astrophysics............................................................................13 Code: S-V SAN: 2032228 Order pick-up time:
    [Show full text]
  • Outdoor Entertainment SYNCHRONY HOME C ARD FINANCING February 19, 2020 the OAKWOOD REGISTER
    February 19, 2020 THE OAKWOOD REGISTER www.oakwoodregister.com Vol. 29, No. 7 February 19, 2020 Wright renovation unearths long-lost inscription Renovations at Hawthorn Hill, the Wright family home now pre- served by Dayton History, recently uncovered a long-lost inscription from a worker who helped complete the mansion in the weeks before Orville Wright, his sister Katharine, and father Bishop Milton Wright took up residence in Oakwood in 1914. As wallcovering was being Wright Library’s Adult Services Coordinator Brian Potts delivers books to Oakwood resident Wendy Boucuvalas. removed from the first floor sitting room by Kenneth Hill, a specialist in historic restoration with Architectural Wright Library’s home delivery Reclamation, a Franklin-based com- pany which has done extensive work service is making a difference on properties managed by Dayton History, he discovered a handwrit- Alex Heckman of Dayton History, left, and Kenneth Hill of Architectural Wendy Boucuvalas moved to tomize the experience to ensure they ten message, scrawled in carpenter’s Reclamation, right, with two signatures of workers at Hawthorn Hill dating Oakwood from another Dayton suburb are getting materials they will enjoy.” pencil, which read “This entire floor to 1914 and 1949. a year ago. No longer driving, she When Potts delivers Boucuvalas’ put up by F. Lutzenburger. April 12, missed her trips to the local library. new books, he makes sure to ask if the 1914.” Thanks to Wright Memorial Public last books met the mark, and they talk A second message, written beside Library, Boucuvalas now has the a while about what she has been read- the first, was added some 35 years option to continue her love of reading ing or would like to read in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Spaceship in the Desert
    SPACESHIP IN THE DESERT ENERGY, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND URBAN DESIGN IN ABU DHABI GÖKÇE GÜNEL SPACESHIP IN THE DESERT EXPERIMENTAL FUTURES Technological Lives, Scientifi c Arts, Anthropological Voices A series edited by Michael M. J. Fischer and Joseph Dumit Spaceship in the Desert Energy, Climate Change, and Urban Design in Abu Dhabi GÖKÇE GÜNEL Duke University Press · Durham and London · 2019 © 2019 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ∞ Designed by Matthew Tauch Typeset in Minion Pro by Graphic Composition, Inc., Bogart, Georgia Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Günel, Gökçe, [date] author. Title: Spaceship in the desert : energy, climate change, and urban design in Abu Dhabi / Gökçe Günel. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2019. | Series: Experimental futures | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifi ers: lccn 2018031276 (print) | lccn 2018041898 (ebook) isbn 9781478002406 (ebook) isbn 9781478000723 (hardcover : alk. paper) isbn 9781478000914 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: lcsh: Sustainable urban development--United Arab Emirates—Abu Zaby (Emirate) | City planning— Environmental aspects—United Arab Emirates—Abu Zaby (Emirate) | Technological innovations— Environmental aspects—United Arab Emirates—Abu Zaby (Emirate) | Urban ecology (Sociology) —United Arab Emirates—Abu Zaby (Emirate) Classifi cation: lcc ht243.u52 (ebook) | lcc ht243.u52 a28 2019 (print) ddc 307.1/16095357—dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018031276
    [Show full text]
  • Team Entries
    NIKE / JESUIT TWILIGHT RELAYS 2017 Portland, OR Jesuit HS Friday, April 28, 2017 OFFICIAL MEET REPORT printed: 4/27/2017 11:15 PM TEAM ENTRIES Aloha Name Yr Event Seed Rank Heat / Lane 1 Abonce, Alex Boys 4000m DMR (Heat 2) 10:50.40 12 1/12 2 Akina, Desirie SR Girls Javelin 106' 10" 33 2/4 3 Alemseged, Hiruy SO Boys 3000 Meters 9:29.29 50 1/20 4 Bake, Ian JR Boys 3000 Meters 9:20.90 35 1/5 Boys 4000m DMR (Heat 2) 10:50.40 12 1/12 5 Barrett, Adam JR Boys 4 x 100m Relay 44.91 29 1/2 Boys 4 x 400m Relay 3:41.87 30 1/7 6 Brannan, David SR Boys Triple Jump 41' 11" 25 3/4 Boys Long Jump 19' 0" 46 1/3 7 Calderon-Perez, Gustavo SO Boys 4 x 100m Relay 44.91 29 1/2 8 Chin, Ryan SO Boys 4 x 800m Relay 8:42.00 28 1/8 9 Edwards, James SR Boys Javelin 157' 2" 29 2/8 10 Foote, Emily FR Girls 3000 Meters 11:19.37 39 1/9 Girls 4000m DMR (Heat 2) 13:01.00 13 1/13 11 Garcia, Ismael JR Boys 4 x 100m Relay 44.91 29 1/2 Boys 4 x 200m Relay 1:37.38 19 1/3 12 Greaves, Grace JR Girls 1500 Meters 5:26.74 59 1/19 Girls 4000m DMR (Heat 2) 13:01.00 13 1/13 13 Hoskins, Mason JR Boys 4 x 800m Relay 8:42.00 28 1/8 14 Hunter, Nicole SR Girls Discus 97' 10" 36 2/1 Girls Shot Put 34' 3.50" 24 3/3 15 Jefferson, Gabby JR Girls Triple Jump 32' 3" 42 1/7 16 Jenkins, Rachel SR Girls Javelin 126' 9.25" 8 4/5 Girls 4000m DMR (Heat 2) 13:01.00 13 1/13 17 Jimenez, Martin SO Boys 4 x 400m Relay 3:41.87 30 1/7 18 Kristoff, Heather SR Girls 3000 Meters 11:31.52 52 1/23 Girls 4000m DMR (Heat 2) 13:01.00 13 1/13 19 Liggins, Mariah JR Girls Triple Jump 33' 6.50" 18 4/1 Girls Long Jump
    [Show full text]
  • IAU Mercurian Nomenclature
    Appendix 1 IAU Mercurian Nomenclature 1. IAU Nomenclature Rules Since its inception in Brussels in 1919 [1], the International Astronomical Union (IAU) has gradually developed a planetary nomenclature system that has evolved from a purely classically based system into a quite so- phisticated attempt to broaden the cultural base of the names approved for planetary bodies and surface features. At present, name selection is guided by 11 rules (quoted verbatim below) in addition to conventions decided upon by nomenclature task groups for individual Solar System bodies. The general rules are as follows1: 1. Nomenclature is a tool and the first consideration should be to make it simple, clear, and unambiguous. 2. In general, official names will not be given to features whose longest di- mensions are less than 100 metres, although exceptions may be made for smaller features having exceptional scientific interest. 3. The number of names chosen for each body should be kept to a minimum. Features should be named only when they have special scientific inter- est, and when the naming of such features is useful to the scientific and cartographic communities at large. 4. Duplication of the same surface feature name on two or more bodies, and of the same name for satellites and minor planets, is discouraged. Duplications may be allowed when names are especially appropriate and the chances for confusion are very small. 5. Individual names chosen for each body should be expressed in the language of origin. Transliteration for various alphabets should be given, but there will be no translation from one language to another.
    [Show full text]
  • How Thick Are Mercury's Polar Water Ice Deposits?
    Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 000–000 (0000) Printed 17 November 2016 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) How thick are Mercury’s polar water ice deposits? Vincent R. Eke1, David J. Lawrence2, Lu´ıs F. A. Teodoro3 1Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K. 2Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, U.S.A. 3BAER, Planetary Systems Branch, Space Science and Astrobiology Division, MS: 245-3, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, U.S.A. 17 November 2016 ABSTRACT An estimate is made of the thickness of the radar-bright deposits in craters near to Mer- cury’s north pole. To construct an objective set of craters for this measurement, an automated crater finding algorithm is developed and applied to a digital elevation model based on data from the Mercury Laser Altimeter onboard the MESSENGER spacecraft. This produces a catalogue of 663 craters with diameters exceeding 4 km, northwards of latitude +55◦. A sub- set of 12 larger, well-sampled and fresh polar craters are selected to search for correlations between topography and radar same-sense backscatter cross-section. It is found that the typ- ical excess height associated with the radar-bright regions within these fresh polar craters is (50 ± 35) m. This puts an approximate upper limit on the total polar water ice deposits on Mercury of ∼ 3 × 1015 kg. 1 INTRODUCTION was that there was multiple scattering occurring within a low-loss medium such as water ice (Hapke 1990; Hagfors et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Modle Abstract EXRS2006
    EXRS 2006 – BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ORAL PRESENTATIONS 1 2 INV-1 X-RAY STANDARDS: FROM X-RAY TUBES TO HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS. Paul Indelicato Laboratoire Kastler Brossel -Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Physique 24 Rue Lhomond, F-75231 Paris CEDEX 05 Université P. et M. Curie, Pyramide 14-24, Case 74, 4 place JussieuF-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France X-ray standards, i.e, X-ray line energies or wavelengths measured with the highest possible accuracy, have applications in many fields of physics. One can cite field as different as crystallography as well as medium energy particle physics. Current X-ray standards are based upon X-ray lines emitted by solid targets excited by electron bombardment or fluorescence. These lines are not very well suited for X-ray standards: they are broad and asymmetric because of the unavoidable presence of many vacancies (shake-off,…) and of auto-ionization. Their energy can only be obtained by direct measurement, and depends on the exact composition of the target surface (chemical shift) and on the instrumental resolution (because of the asymmetry). Their width is much larger than the resolution of the best spectrometers. Many known lines have been measured only once very long ago, in an uncontrolled environment. A complete survey of the current status of X-ray line energies and associated problems can be found in [1]. Several attempts have been made to remedy some or all of these problems and find better candidates. Recently low energy gamma rays have been advocated for such applications [2]. They are narrow transitions of nuclear origin, but are indeed difficult to manipulate (strong radioactive sources are needed), there are very few suitable lines, and the energy cannot be predicted.
    [Show full text]
  • Goes Public No Scope, No Sky, No Problem! P
    BONUS: NEW MERCURY BUILDING THE NEXT- Mars: GUIDE TO OBSERVING GLOBALG MAP p. 39 GEN SUPERSCOPE p. 24 THE RED PLANET p. 50 & 54 THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO ASTRONOMY Stellar Blackout over New York p. 30 See Quasars from Your Backyard p. 34 MARCH 2014 Planet Hunting Goes Public No scope, no sky, no problem! p. 18 Radically Different Telescope Mount p. 60 How the Web Saved the Webb p. 82 Visit SkyandTelescope.com Download Our Free SkyWeek App FC Mar2014.indd 1 12/23/13 11:51 AM Mercury Earth Meet the planet nearest our Sun Solid inner core The innermost planet has challenged astronomers for centuries. Its proximity to the Sun limits ground- Liquid Mercury outer core based telescopic observations, and when NASA’s Mariner 10 spacecraft made three close passes Mantle during the 1970s, the little planet appeared to have a Crust landscape that strongly resembled the Moon’s. But Mercury is no Moon. NASA’s Messenger spacecraft, in orbit around the Iron Planet since Solid inner core March 2011, has recently fi nished its initial global Moon survey. The work reveals that this wacky world has Liquid outer core a unique, complex history all its own. Mantle The survey images show a marvelous world of Solid ancient volcanic fl oods and mysteriously dark ter- inner core Crust rain (S&T: April 2012, page 26). Plains — mostly Liquid volcanic — cover about 30% of the surface. And outer core as radar images have long suggested, subsurface Mantle water ice lies tucked inside some polar craters. Crust Temperatures in the coldest craters never top 50° above absolute zero, making Mercury both one of the hottest and coldest bodies in the solar system.
    [Show full text]