DOCSLIB.ORG

Amphittieatres of Roman Britain: a Study of Their Classes, Architecture and Uses Véronique Den Iger a Thesis Submitted to the D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Amphittieatres of Roman Britain: A Study of their Classes, Architecture and Uses by Véronique Den iger A thesis submitted to the Department of Classics in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada August 1997 copyright O Véronique Deniger, 1997 National Library Bibliothèque nationale 1*1 of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington Ottawa ON KIA ON4 ûttawa ON KIA ON4 Canada Canada Yuur rVe Votre niterence Our file Nme retérence The author has pteda non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant a la National Librv of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distriibute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfom, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la fome de microfiche/fïlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantid extracts fkom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. ABSTRACT The last decade has seen renewed interest in amphitheatre studies and tne publication of several important monographs. However, neither older works nor the recent publications focus on the amphitheatres of Roman Britain. The amphitheatres of this province have never been the subject of a regional survey. This thesis is a study of the classes, architecture and uses of Romano-British amphitheatres. Such a study is usefiil in providing an understanding of the architectural characteristics of Romano-British amphitheatres, the manner in which they differed from and resembled those in other parts of the Empire and of the types of activities for which they were used. Chapter One centres on the military amphitheatre class. It opens with general information on the sites of military amphitheatres and with an architectural study of the three monuments (the Chester, Caerleon and Tomen-y-mur amphitheatres) belonging to this class. The information provided in this section was obtained from archaeological reports, works on arnphitheatres and works on Roman Britain. The chapter concludes with an examination of physical, epigraphical and literary evidence, the aim of which is to gain insight into the function of these buildings. Chapter Two focuses on urban amphitheatres. It begins with an architectural study of the ten facilities of this category (the amphitheatres at Silchester, Dorchester, Cirencester, Chichester, London, Richborough, Carmarthen, Aldborough, Caistùr St. Edmund, Caerwent). ïhe information found in this section also cornes from excavation reports, works on Roman Britain and works on amphitheatres. This chapter likewise concludes with an exam ination of physical, epigraphical and literary evidence, the purpose of which is to shed Iight on the function of urban amphitheatres. Chapter Three focuses on rural amphitheatres, an enigmatic group of buildings. Five monuments, including three positiveIy identified amphitheatres (those at Charterhouse-on-Mendip, Frilford and Catterick) and two earthworks tentatively identified as amphitheatres (the Woodcuts and Winterslow earthworks) are considered. The chapter begins with an overview of the monuments' sites and a study of their architectural characteristics. Excavation reports constitute the chief source of information. A brief discussion of various hypotheses as to their uses concludes the chapter. CONTENTS ABSrnCT 1 *.- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 111 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS i v ABBRlEVLGTIONS viii INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER ONE: Mn-IITARY AMPHITHEATRES 19 1. The Legionary Amphitheatres 20 The Chester Fortress Timber Arnphitheatre (Chester 1) 20 Stone Amphitheatres of CaerIeon and Chester Fortresses 28 II. The Auxiliary Amphitheatre at Tomen-y-mur 50 III. General Considerations 53 IV. Uses of MiIitary Amphitheatres 56 V. Nature of the Spectacles Staged in Military Amphitheatres 6 1 CHAPTER TWO: URBAN AMPHITHEATRES 84 1. First Century Urban Amphitheatres 86 Features of First Century Urban Amphitheatres 92 II. Second Century Urban Am ph itheatres 1 O3 Features of Second Century Urban Amphitheatres 1O6 III. Third Century Urban Arnphitheatres 113 IV. Urban Amphitheatres in the Fourth Century 1 I7 V. Builders of Urban Amphitheatres 119 VI. Uses of Urban Amphitheatres 119 CHAPTER THREE: RURAL AMPHITHEATRES 1. Small Towns Possessing an Arnphitheatre II. The Rural Arnphitheatres III. Builders of Rural Amphitheatres IV, Uses of Rural Arnphitheatres CONCLUSIONS GLOSSAFtY ILLUSTRATIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY CURRICULUM VITAE 1 wish tu express my thanks to my supervisor Dr. Anne Foley for the help and guidance stie has provided me in writing this thesis. 1 wou1d also like thank Dr. Johannes vanderleest. of Mount Ailison University. who was instrumental in the selection of the topic. as well as Dr. Ivan Cohen. head of Mount Allison Universiq's department of Classics, for his encoura_eernent. 1 am also indebted to bfr. Geoff Brown. assistant cuntor of the Dalhousie University Map Collection. for creating the map showing British arnphitheatre sites which accompanies this thesis. Finally. 1 would Iike to express my gratitude to rny mothet for her support, patience and assistance. S.. Ill LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Map of arnphitheatre sites in Britain. Map by Geoff Brown, Dalhousie University Map Collection. 2. Structural types of arnphitheatres. (a) Type la amphitheatre: timber seating on earth banks; (b) Type Ia arnphitheatre: stone seating on earth banks; (c) Type Ib arnphitheatre: earth banks divided into large sections by radial walls; (d) Type Ib amphitheatre: earth banks divided into small sections by radial walIs; (e) Type II amphitheatre: seating supported on radial walls mfed with vaults. Reproduced from Jean-Claude Golvin, L'Amphithéâtre romain: essai sur la théorisation de sa forme et de ses fonctions (Paris: Centre Pierre Paris, 1988), plate II(a)-(e). 3.(a) Diagram of an arnphitheatre. 3.(b) Restored section and elevation of the cavea of the amphitheatre at Pola. Reproduced from Anthony Rich, A Dictionary of Roman and Greek Antiauities, 4th ed. (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1874), 29. 4. Plan of Chester legionary fortress. Reproduced from F. H. Thompson, Roman Cheshire (Chester: Cheshire Cornmunity Council, 1965), figure 4, facing p. 25. S. Plan of Chester timber and stone arnphitheatres. Reproduced from F. H. Thompson, The Roman Arn~hitheatreat Chester (Edinburgh: Department of Environment, 1972), 6-7. 6. Reconstruction of the Chester timber amphitheatre's seating and framing. Reproduced from F. H. Thompson, "The Excavation of the Roman Amphitheatre at Chester," Archaeolopia, 105 (1976): 229, fig. 49. 7. Line drawing of the stone and timber amphitheatre on Trajan's Column. Reproduced from George C. Boon, Isca: the Roman Legionarv Foriress at Caerleon. Mon. (Cardifi: The National Museum of Wales, 1972), 95, fig. 6 1. 8. The three phases of the Caerleon amphitheatre: (a) Period 1; (b) Period II; (c) Period III. Reproduced from George C. Boon, Jsca: the Roman Legionary Fortress at Caerleon. Mon. (Cardiff: The National Museum of Wales, 1972), 90-91, figs 55-56. 9. Plan of the Tomen-y-muramphitheatre. Reproduced from Jean-Claude Golvin, L'Arn~hithéStre roman: Essai sur la théorisation de sa forme et de ses fonctions (Paris: Publications du Centre Pierre Paris, 1988), plate X.3. 10. Plan of the Silchester amphitheatre showing the Roman timber and stone phases. Reproduced from Michael Fulford, "Excavations on the Sites of the Amphitheatre and the Fomm- Basilica at Silchester, Hampshire: an interim report," Antiquaries Journal, 65 (1985): 62, fig. 9. 1 1. General plan of Richborough showing amphitheatre. Reproduced from B. W. Cunl iffe, ed., Fifth Report on the Excavations ofthe Roman Fort at Richboroueh. Kent (London: Report of the Research Cornmittee of the Society of Antiquaries of London, 1968), 230, tig. 25. 12. Plan of the Dorchester arnphitheatre. Reproduced from John Wacher, The Towns of Roman Britain (London: B. T. Batsford Ltd, 1974), fig. 14(1). 13. Plan of the Chichester arnphitheatre. Reproduced from John Wacher, The Towns of Roman Britain (London: B. T. Batsford Ltd, 1974), fig. 14(2). 14. Plan of the Cirencester amphitheatre. Reproduced from John Wacher, The Towns of Roman Britain (London: B. T. Batsford Ltd, I974), fig. 15(1). 15. Plan of the London amphitheatre. Reproduced from S. S. Frere, "Roman Britain in 1987," Britannia, 19 (1 988): 462, fig. 2 1. 16. Reconstruction of terracing on the seating bank in the timber phase of the Silchester arnphitheatre. Reproduced from MichaeI Fulford, "Excavations on the Sites of the Am ph itheatre and the Forum-Basil ica at S ilchester, Hampshire: an interim report," Antiquaries Journal, 65 (1985): 67, fig. 12. 17. Gutline reconstruction of the original Roman layout (recess to Ieft and post trenches to right) of the Dorchester amphitheatre. Reproduced from Richard Bradley, "Maumbury Rings, Dorchester: The Excavations of 1908- 19 13," Archaeoloeia, 105 (1976): 52, fig. 15. 18. Plan of the Camarthen amphitheatre. Reproduced from J. H. Little, "The Carmarthen Amphitheatre," Carmarthenshire Antiauarv, 7 (1 97 1): 63, fig. 1. 19. Aldborough amphitheatre.
Recommended publications
  • Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47–410

    Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47–410

    no nonsense Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47–410 – interpretation ltd interpretation Contract number 1446 May 2011 no nonsense–interpretation ltd 27 Lyth Hill Road Bayston Hill Shrewsbury SY3 0EW www.nononsense-interpretation.co.uk Cadw would like to thank Richard Brewer, Research Keeper of Roman Archaeology, Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales, for his insight, help and support throughout the writing of this plan. Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47-410 Cadw 2011 no nonsense-interpretation ltd 2 Contents 1. Roman conquest, occupation and settlement of Wales AD 47410 .............................................. 5 1.1 Relationship to other plans under the HTP............................................................................. 5 1.2 Linking our Roman assets ....................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Sites not in Wales .................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Criteria for the selection of sites in this plan .......................................................................... 9 2. Why read this plan? ...................................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Aim what we want to achieve ........................................................................................... 10 2.2 Objectives.............................................................................................................................
  • RULES of PLAY COIN Series, Volume VIII by Marc Gouyon-Rety

    RULES of PLAY COIN Series, Volume VIII by Marc Gouyon-Rety

    The Fall of Roman Britain RULES OF PLAY COIN Series, Volume VIII by Marc Gouyon-Rety T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S 1.0 Introduction ............................2 6.0 Epoch Rounds .........................18 2.0 Sequence of Play ........................6 7.0 Victory ...............................20 3.0 Commands .............................7 8.0 Non-Players ...........................21 4.0 Feats .................................14 Key Terms Index ...........................35 5.0 Events ................................17 Setup and Scenarios.. 37 © 2017 GMT Games LLC • P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232 • www.GMTGames.com 2 Pendragon ~ Rules of Play • 58 Stronghold “castles” (10 red [Forts], 15 light blue [Towns], 15 medium blue [Hillforts], 6 green [Scotti Settlements], 12 black [Saxon Settlements]) (1.4) • Eight Faction round cylinders (2 red, 2 blue, 2 green, 2 black; 1.8, 2.2) • 12 pawns (1 red, 1 blue, 6 white, 4 gray; 1.9, 3.1.1) 1.0 Introduction • A sheet of markers • Four Faction player aid foldouts (3.0. 4.0, 7.0) Pendragon is a board game about the fall of the Roman Diocese • Two Epoch and Battles sheets (2.0, 3.6, 6.0) of Britain, from the first large-scale raids of Irish, Pict, and Saxon raiders to the establishment of successor kingdoms, both • A Non-Player Guidelines Summary and Battle Tactics sheet Celtic and Germanic. It adapts GMT Games’ “COIN Series” (8.1-.4, 8.4.2) game system about asymmetrical conflicts to depict the political, • A Non-Player Event Instructions foldout (8.2.1) military, religious, and economic affairs of 5th Century Britain.
  • Isurium Brigantum

    Isurium Brigantum

    Isurium Brigantum an archaeological survey of Roman Aldborough The authors and publisher wish to thank the following individuals and organisations for their help with this Isurium Brigantum publication: Historic England an archaeological survey of Roman Aldborough Society of Antiquaries of London Thriplow Charitable Trust Faculty of Classics and the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge Chris and Jan Martins Rose Ferraby and Martin Millett with contributions by Jason Lucas, James Lyall, Jess Ogden, Dominic Powlesland, Lieven Verdonck and Lacey Wallace Research Report of the Society of Antiquaries of London No. 81 For RWS Norfolk ‒ RF Contents First published 2020 by The Society of Antiquaries of London Burlington House List of figures vii Piccadilly Preface x London W1J 0BE Acknowledgements xi Summary xii www.sal.org.uk Résumé xiii © The Society of Antiquaries of London 2020 Zusammenfassung xiv Notes on referencing and archives xv ISBN: 978 0 8543 1301 3 British Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background to this study 1 Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data 1.2 Geographical setting 2 A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the 1.3 Historical background 2 Library of Congress, Washington DC 1.4 Previous inferences on urban origins 6 The moral rights of Rose Ferraby, Martin Millett, Jason Lucas, 1.5 Textual evidence 7 James Lyall, Jess Ogden, Dominic Powlesland, Lieven 1.6 History of the town 7 Verdonck and Lacey Wallace to be identified as the authors of 1.7 Previous archaeological work 8 this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
  • The Battle of Watling Street Took Place in Roman-Occupied Britain in AD 60 Or

    The Battle of Watling Street Took Place in Roman-Occupied Britain in AD 60 Or

    THE BATTLE OF WATLING STREET Margaret McGoverne First published in Great Britain in 2017 by Bright Shine Press Brightshinepress.com Copyright © Margaret McGoverne 2017 The right of Margaret McGoverne to be identified as the Author of the Work has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. For my boy, remembering our drives along the Icknield Way Contents Map of Roman Britain Principal Characters Place Names in Roman Britain Acknowledgements Background Part I Part II Part III Part IV Part V Epilogue Extract from The Bondage of The Soil Map of Roman Britain Principal Characters Dedo A young attendant of Queen Boudicca Boudicca Queen of the Iceni tribe, widow of King Prasutagus Brigomall A noble of the Iceni tribe, advisor to the queen Cata A young maiden in Boudicca’s travelling bodyguard Dias An elder of the village of Puddlehill Nemeta Younger daughter of Boudicca and Prasutagus Prasutagus King of the Iceni tribe, lately deceased Vassinus A young serving lad and friend of Dedo Mallo A mule owned by Dedo Place Names in Roman Britain Albion England Cambria Wales Camulodunum Colchester Durocobrivis Dunstable Hibernia Ireland Lactodurum Towcester Londinium London Magiovinium Fenny Stratford Venta Caistor St Edmund, Suffolk Icenorum Verlamion The Catuvellauni capital Verulamium Saint Albans (formerly Verlamion) Viroconium Wroxeter Cornoviorum Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to a number of people, although this list is by no means exhaustive.
  • Venta Belgarum: What Is in the Name for Roman Winchester?

    Venta Belgarum: What Is in the Name for Roman Winchester?

    Chapter 1 Venta Belgarum: What Is in the Name for Roman Winchester? Anthony C. King The name for Roman Winchester, Venta Belgarum, has been known for cent- uries, and the attribution of the name to modern Winchester has not been in question in any significant way. The purpose of this brief chapter about Bar- bara Yorke’s home town is to look at the two elements of the name, to reflect on recent scholarship, and to make a proposal concerning the second, ‘tribal’ component. An essential starting point is the entry for Venta Belgarum in A.L.F. Rivet and Colin Smith’s Place-Names of Roman Britain,1 in which the name is given as Venta (Ouenta in Greek transliteration) by Ptolemy,2 Venta Belgarum or Vel- garum in the Antonine Itinerary,3 Venta Velgarom in the Ravenna Cosmography,4 and also as Venta by Bede.5 The last in this list links Venta to Wintancaestir and provides the strongest early medieval evidence for continuity of the first ele- ment of the Roman name into the modern toponym.6 In addition, the Notitia Dignitatum lists a ‘Procurator gynaecii in Britannis Ventensis (var. bentensis)’.7 This Venta is Winchester, in all probability, but two others, Venta Icenorum (Caister St Edmund, Norfolk) and Venta Silurum (Caerwent, South Wales), are 1 A.L.F. Rivet and Colin Smith, The Place-Names of Roman Britain (London, 1979), p. 492. 2 Ptolemy, Geography, ii.3.13, ed. C. Müller (Paris 1883–1901). See also G.R. Isaac, Place-Names in Ptolemy’s Geography (Aberystwyth, 2004), CD-ROM s.v.
  • ABSTRACT HAMMERSEN, LAUREN ALEXANDRA MICHELLE. The

    ABSTRACT HAMMERSEN, LAUREN ALEXANDRA MICHELLE. The

    ABSTRACT HAMMERSEN, LAUREN ALEXANDRA MICHELLE. The Control of Tin in Southwestern Britain from the First Century AD to the Late Third Century AD. (Under the direction of Dr. S. Thomas Parker.) An accurate understanding of how the Romans exploited mineral resources of the empire is an important component in determining the role Romans played in their provinces. Tin, both because it was extremely rare in the ancient world and because it remained very important from the first to third centuries AD, provides the opportunity to examine that topic. The English counties of Cornwall and Devon were among the few sites in the ancient world where tin was found. Archaeological evidence and ancient historical sources prove tin had been mined extensively in that region for more than 1500 years before the Roman conquest. During the period of the Roman occupation of Britain, tin was critical to producing bronze and pewter, which were used extensively for both functional and decorative items. Despite the knowledge that tin was found in very few places, that tin had been mined in the southwest of Britain for centuries before the Roman invasion, and that tin remained essential during the period of the occupation, for more than eighty years it has been the opinion of historians such as Aileen Fox and Sheppard Frere that the extensive tin mining of the Bronze Age was discontinued in Roman Britain until the late third or early fourth centuries. The traditional belief has been that the Romans were instead utilizing the tin mines of Spain (i.e., the Roman province of Iberia).
  • The Britons in Late Antiquity: Power, Identity And

    The Britons in Late Antiquity: Power, Identity And

    THE BRITONS IN LATE ANTIQUITY: POWER, IDENTITY AND ETHNICITY EDWIN R. HUSTWIT Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Bangor University 2014 Summary This study focuses on the creation of both British ethnic or ‘national’ identity and Brittonic regional/dynastic identities in the Roman and early medieval periods. It is divided into two interrelated sections which deal with a broad range of textual and archaeological evidence. Its starting point is an examination of Roman views of the inhabitants of the island of Britain and how ethnographic images were created in order to define the population of Britain as 1 barbarians who required the civilising influence of imperial conquest. The discussion here seeks to elucidate, as far as possible, the extent to which the Britons were incorporated into the provincial framework and subsequently ordered and defined themselves as an imperial people. This first section culminates with discussion of Gildas’s De Excidio Britanniae. It seeks to illuminate how Gildas attempted to create a new identity for his contemporaries which, though to a certain extent based on the foundations of Roman-period Britishness, situated his gens uniquely amongst the peoples of late antique Europe as God’s familia. The second section of the thesis examines the creation of regional and dynastic identities and the emergence of kingship amongst the Britons in the late and immediately post-Roman periods. It is largely concerned to show how interaction with the Roman state played a key role in the creation of early kingships in northern and western Britain. The argument stresses that while there were claims of continuity in group identities in the late antique period, the socio-political units which emerged in the fifth and sixth centuries were new entities.
  • Map 8 Britannia Superior Compiled by A.S

    Map 8 Britannia Superior Compiled by A.S

    Map 8 Britannia Superior Compiled by A.S. Esmonde-Cleary, 1996 with the assistance of R. Warner (Ireland) Introduction Britain has a long tradition of antiquarian and archaeological investigation and recording of its Roman past, reaching back to figures such as Leland in the sixteenth century. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the classically-educated aristocracy and gentry of a major imperial and military power naturally felt an affinity with the evidence for Rome’s presence in Britain. In the twentieth century, the development of archaeology as a discipline in its own right reinforced this interest in the Roman period, resulting in intense survey and excavation on Roman sites and commensurate work on artifacts and other remains. The cartographer is therefore spoiled for choice, and must determine the objectives of a map with care so as to know what to include and what to omit, and on what grounds. British archaeology already has a long tradition of systematization, sometimes based on regions as in the work of the Royal Commissions on (Ancient and) Historic Monuments for England (Scotland and Wales), but also on types of site or monument. Consequently, there are available compendia by Rivet (1979) on the ancient evidence for geography and toponymy; Wacher (1995) on the major towns; Burnham (1990) on the “small towns”; Margary (1973) on the roads that linked them; and Scott (1993) on villas. These works give a series of internally consistent catalogs of the major types of site. Maps of Roman Britain conventionally show the island with its modern coastline, but it is clear that there have been extensive changes since antiquity, and that the conventional approach risks understating the differences between the ancient and the modern.
  • Uvic Thesis Template

    Uvic Thesis Template

    The Transformation of Administrative Towns in Roman Britain by Lara Bishop BA, Saint Mary‟s University, 1997 MA, University of Wales Cardiff, 2001 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Greek and Roman Studies Lara Bishop, 2011 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee The Transformation of Administrative Towns in Roman Britain by Lara Bishop BA, Saint Mary‟s University, 1997 MA, University of Wales Cardiff, 2001 Supervisory Committee Dr. Gregory D. Rowe, (Department of Greek and Roman Studies) Supervisor Dr. J. Geoffrey Kron, (Department of Greek and Roman Studies) Departmental Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. Gregory D. Rowe, (Department of Greek and Roman Studies) Supervisor Dr. J. Geoffrey Kron, (Department of Greek and Roman Studies) Departmental Member The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether the Roman administrative towns of Britain continued in their original Romanized form as seen in the second century AD, or were altered in their appearance and function in the fourth and fifth century, with a visible reduction in their urbanization and Romanization. It will be argued that British town life did change significantly. Major components of urbanization were disrupted with the public buildings disused or altered for other purposes, and the reduction or cessation of public services. A reduction in the population of the towns can be perceived in the eventual disuse of the extramural cemeteries and abandonment of substantial areas of settlement or possibly entire towns.
  • Boudicca's Rebellion Against the Roman Empire in 60 AD Daniel Cohen Union College - Schenectady, NY

    Boudicca's Rebellion Against the Roman Empire in 60 AD Daniel Cohen Union College - Schenectady, NY

    Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2016 Boudicca's Rebellion Against the Roman Empire in 60 AD Daniel Cohen Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, Celtic Studies Commons, European History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Cohen, Daniel, "Boudicca's Rebellion Against the Roman Empire in 60 AD" (2016). Honors Theses. 135. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/135 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i Boudicca’s Rebellion Against the Roman Empire in 60 AD By Daniel Cohen ********* Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of History UNION COLLEGE June, 2016 ii ABSTRACT Cohen, Daniel Boudicca’s Rebellion Against the Roman Empire in 60 AD This paper examines the rebellion of Boudicca, the queen of the Iceni tribe, during the Roman Empire’s occupation of Britannia in 60 AD. The study shows that had Boudicca not changed her winning strategy in one key battle, she could have forced the Roman Empire to withdraw their presence from Britannia, at least until it was prudent to invade again. This paper analyzes the few extant historical accounts available on Boudicca, namely those of the Roman historians Tacitus and Cassius Dio, to explore the effectiveness of tactics on both sides of the rebellion.
  • Tacitus Meant What He Said When He Described Verulamium As a Municipiumy I.E

    Tacitus Meant What He Said When He Described Verulamium As a Municipiumy I.E

    PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/26470 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-09-25 and may be subject to change. 230 REVIEWS AND DISCUSSIONS view that the trial, leading to Drusus’ attempt at reform, was the cause of the Social War. Again, however, note the nineteenth-century naïveté of J-K-K ad loc. : ‘ Die Chronique scandaleuse der politischen Prozesse erschien den senatorischen Kreisen als die eigentliche Zeitgeschichte ’ (p. 77) : it is good to know that English-speaking students will be better served. Many will still find it difficult to believe that Cicero’s annos prop e qainqiiaginta contimios ( Verr. 1, 38, on the time the équités had served on the extortion juries) can mean ‘ forty-one years, with a break of five or six in the middle ’— despite D.’s ingenious advocacy of this (124). The spelling ‘ Caelius ’ for 1 Coelius ’ (and especially for the cos. 94) should at last be abandoned, even by editors of Cicero. (It very properly is by Malcovati and J-K-K, and it was not used in L.) On 134 (foot of page) it should be made clear that the reference is to M. Brutus pater (not to the son, also mentioned in s. 130). 135, line 4, for ‘ first century * read 4 second century \ 137 : P. Orbius was not praetor in Asia (except in the wider and non-technical sense of the word that often confuses commentators).
  • ATLAS of CLASSICAL HISTORY

    ATLAS of CLASSICAL HISTORY

    ATLAS of CLASSICAL HISTORY EDITED BY RICHARD J.A.TALBERT London and New York First published 1985 by Croom Helm Ltd Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003. © 1985 Richard J.A.Talbert and contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Atlas of classical history. 1. History, Ancient—Maps I. Talbert, Richard J.A. 911.3 G3201.S2 ISBN 0-203-40535-8 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-71359-1 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-415-03463-9 (pbk) Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Also available CONTENTS Preface v Northern Greece, Macedonia and Thrace 32 Contributors vi The Eastern Aegean and the Asia Minor Equivalent Measurements vi Hinterland 33 Attica 34–5, 181 Maps: map and text page reference placed first, Classical Athens 35–6, 181 further reading reference second Roman Athens 35–6, 181 Halicarnassus 36, 181 The Mediterranean World: Physical 1 Miletus 37, 181 The Aegean in the Bronze Age 2–5, 179 Priene 37, 181 Troy 3, 179 Greek Sicily 38–9, 181 Knossos 3, 179 Syracuse 39, 181 Minoan Crete 4–5, 179 Akragas 40, 181 Mycenae 5, 179 Cyrene 40, 182 Mycenaean Greece 4–6, 179 Olympia 41, 182 Mainland Greece in the Homeric Poems 7–8, Greek Dialects c.