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Australia's Big Season Jce Christchurch Gateway to Antarctica The Journal of the New Zealand Antarctic Society Vol 15. No. 3, 1997 GATEWAY TO THE AUSTRALIA'S BIG SEASON JCE CHRISTCHURCH GATEWAY TO ANTARCTICA For further information contact City Promotions Christchurch City Council CHRISTCHURCH P.O. Box 237 T H E G A R D E N C I T Y Ph: 64 3 371-1780 Fax: 64 3 371-1262 Antarctic Contents ^^^' ' x ■ ifci—K-. Forthcoming Events B ^ _ > A . ■ V 1 Policy f*j 1^ L1 Looking into the Ice's 21 st Century s ^Jj News National Programmes B» New Zealand "'"wH Australia ■ o^. Malaysia South Korea Cooer: Thunderbird, a North American Indian god of storms, sits atop the totem pole at USA Christchurch Airport honouring US airmen who Russia made a supply drop to the South Pole in 1956. Cover Story Volume 1 5, No. 3, 1997, Gateway City Blazes a Trail Issue No. 162 Tourism ANTARCTIC is published quarterly by the New Zealand Antarctic Society Inc., ISSN 0003-5327. General Editor: Shelley Grell Please address all editorial inquiries and contributions to Antarctic Bulletin, Report P O Box 404, Christchurch or telephone 03 365 0344, facsimile 03 365 4255, Iceberg Devastation Creates New Life, by DrUoydPeck e-mail [email protected]. Education »>ii^""** Book Reviews \ ANTARCTICA The Silence Calling \ • ~^\/ "Lonely Planet Antarctica" ■'' '" mSBB Feature Exploring the Unknown / O r » M M ' ..... \imm tgh-ajar" ' \ S—f ?'■*[BSS nmx- V •-■ \.-'U A \_//_....1 r \^r . ' _ A- FORTHCOMING EVENTS V % J i 28-30 April, 1998 — Antarctic Futures Workshop, St Andrews College, ■■ t^feiSuHR Christchurch NZ. The workshop aims to examine the trends likely to shape Antarctic activities over the next few decades and the opportunities -1 ' 6 (UBlMH**1 ssr p these may provide for New Zealand. Organisers: Antarctica New 7^ Zealand. 5 14-16 May 1998 — Belgica Centennial Symposium, Brussels, Belgium. / E M * * ? \ ■ I > A. The Belgica Centennial Symposium will be held in Brussels (14-16 May ANTARCTIC 1998) under the High Patronage of His Majesty the King Albert II, to \ f f w . - i « ) * / PENINSULA \ 1 commemorate the 100th anniversary of Gerlache's 1897-1899 Belgica expedition. \ / ■ ^_ M M \ 25 May — 5 June, 1998 — XXII ATCM, Tromso, Norway 8-11 June, 1998 — The 9th Global Warming International Conference and rrX — KING GEORGE Expo will be held in Hong Kong. ^j ISLAND 20-31 July, 1998 — SCAR/COMNAP Meetings, Concepcion, Chile rtbWM S- 31 August — 4 September, 1998 — SCAR Biology Symposium, BCMJ Christchurch, NZ. E--3SL..,, July 1999 — SCAR Earth Science Symposium, Wellington, NZ. Vol 15 No. 3, 1997 Antarctic Looking into the Ice's 21st Century By Warren Head Scenarios that will shape Antarctica into the 21st Century will be debated during a major workshop being hosted by Antarctica New Zealand in Christchurch in 1998. Antarctica New Zealand is a new Crown agency with the mission to provide leadership in developing, promoting and realising opportunities for New Zealand from international involvement in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Its goals span science and related strategy, environmental stewardship, education, logistical services and non Antarctic New /.calami workshop to debate policies for sites such as Scott Base on the southern continent. government activities. These include Zealand figures from the science, benefit from opportunities emerging the framework for appropriate education, policy, business, tourism, in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. commercial and tourist opportunities and environmental sectors. There will be identification of the consistent with New Zealand's values The outcomes are expected to values that New Zealand places on in the Antarctic. include a better understanding of the the Antarctic and the standards it The current view is that New frameworks guiding commercial would consider appropriate for envi Zealand's founding involvement in activity in Antarctica and identifica ronmental performance and opera the Antarctic Treaty system helped to tion of where New Zealand can tional safety. let peace and science prevail on the continent through a time of Cold War geopolitics and beyond. Curtain falls on US Navy Antarctica New Zealand says a radically different world is emerging. Antarctic operations The value of science in Antarctica is increasingly recognised and there are The 42nd and final operating season organisms: Antarctic dry valley lakes; new high standards set by global of the US Navy's Operation Deep marine ecosystems. The search agreement which reflect international Freeze is now mid-way. continues for meteorites. environmental awareness. It began on 30 September with the Hydrothermal vents are being At the Antarctic Treaty's first US Air Force flight of the 1997-98 surveyed. Other work involves Consultative Meeting in 1997 at summer to Antarctica, carrying cargo auroral imaging; seismography; Christchurch, the New Zealand and passengers. gamma-ray astronomy; meteorology, government conveyed its vision of In March 1998 the US Navy will biological adaptations of marine conservation of the intrinsic values of disestablish Naval Support Force organisms and a social study of the the Ross Dependency and the Antarctica in California and US effects of wintering-over on Antarctic Southern Ocean through active and Naval Antarctic Support Unit in personnel. responsible stewardship. Christchurch and hand over its func US Navy, US Air Force and the US The background to the forum in tion in the US Antarctic Programme Coast Guard are continuing to 1998 includes exponential growth in to the New York State Air National support the American scientific tourism activity pushed along by Guard's 109th Mobility Air Wing and programme this summer in a variety access to ice-strengthened vessels and civilian contractors. of ways; most visibly by the seven growing Western affluence. Aiiiinks While the US Navy is withdrawing LC-130 aircraft of Navy Antarctic to the Ice are no longer the exclusive after 42 years of service (and sacrifice: Developmental Squadron Six (VXE- domain of military-supported 50 Americans have died on the Ice 6); and the four LC-130S of the Air national programmes. Declining since 1955), the US presence in Guard and Air Force. Northern Hemisphere fish stocks and Antarctica and Christchurch will One of the biggest changes this lucrative Asian markets are pushing continue. year is the presence of the Air Guard, fishing fleets southwards. The US Antarctic Programme has a as they take over the LC-130 flight New technologies in scientific full schedule of events supporting missions from the Navy. research, mapping and telecommuni more than 120 science projects The formal dis-establishment cere cations and Antarctica's recent role as involving more than 600 people this mony is on February 20,1998. The US a barometer for global climate change summer. Of these, some 70% will Navy plans to unveil a memorial have popularised the continent. transit to the Ice through New plaque honouring the 50 Americans The "Antarctic Futures" workshop, Zealand. — civilian scientists and military 28-30 April 1998, aims to involve Projects include continuing study personnel — who have died in leading international and New of ozone layer depletion; fossil micro Antarctica. Vol 15 No. 3, 1997 Antarctic Mars link in robot research Antarctic New Zealand's chief executive Gillian Wratt has been appointed chair of the Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programmes, the first NASA scientists are testing 'tele woman to be appointed to the post. r presence technology' in Antarctic In a three year term she will work which may be used to explore Mars. on development of collaborative Both areas are remote with hostile efforts among Antarctic Treaty environments that are difficult for nations. Another New Zealander, humans to explore but can be Julian Tangaere, will also be involved. reached by sophisticated robots. Wratt says the position will "We will be able to catalogue a strengthen New Zealand's leadership previously unexplored ecology at a role in the Antarctic as treaty nations depth nobody has seen before," said exchanged ideas. Being the first Dr Carol Stoker, a scientist at woman to hold the position was of NASA's Ames Research Centre in "little consequence," she said. California. Ms Wratt spent her first summer on Scientists will use a modified the Ice in 1985-86 working as a field . submarine called a telepresence assistant. She has previously been MM remotely operated vehicle (TROV) director of the New Zealand Antarctic ||||j|| to explore 800ft below the surface of programme and is currently chief McMurdo Sound near Ross Island. executive of Antarctica New Zealand. Telepresence technology allows scientists on land to use head move Right: Gillian Wratt... first woman appointed. ments to point cameras on the underwater vehicle and steer by remote control. More nations sign Antarctic Protocol This year's expedition will see scientists steering the vehicle not The US and Russia have signed the Shortly after the US signing both from adjacent land in Antarctica but Antarctic Environmental Protocol. houses of Russia's parliament also from California. The Protocol is an agreement ratified the protocol. They will steer the TROV by designed to provide comprehensive For the Protocol to enter into force computer, both directly and by protection of the world's last great internationally all 26 Antarctic linking it to a "virtual reality" wilderness. Treaty Consultative Parties must underwater terrain model of The US ratified it on April 17, six ratify it. Antarctica, thus ensuring that useful months after President Clinton signed When this happens a Committee scientific samples are being the Antarctic Science, Tourism, and on Environmental Protection (CEP) retrieved. Conservation Act of 1996. The delay will be established and the process The TROV is attached to a 1000ft in the US ratification was due to a and procedures for reviewing envi tether consisting of integrated and new State Department requirement ronmental impact assessments of all fibre optic cables which sends digital that ratification could not occur until Antarctic activities will be put in data and video signals to the all required regulations were in place.
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