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Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept of Kingship
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship Jacob Douglas Feeley University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Feeley, Jacob Douglas, "Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2276. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2276 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2276 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship Abstract Scholars who have discussed Josephus’ political philosophy have largely focused on his concepts of aristokratia or theokratia. In general, they have ignored his concept of kingship. Those that have commented on it tend to dismiss Josephus as anti-monarchical and ascribe this to the biblical anti- monarchical tradition. To date, Josephus’ concept of kingship has not been treated as a significant component of his political philosophy. Through a close reading of Josephus’ longest text, the Jewish Antiquities, a historical work that provides extensive accounts of kings and kingship, I show that Josephus had a fully developed theory of monarchical government that drew on biblical and Greco- Roman models of kingship. Josephus held that ideal kingship was the responsible use of the personal power of one individual to advance the interests of the governed and maintain his and his subjects’ loyalty to Yahweh. The king relied primarily on a standard array of classical virtues to preserve social order in the kingdom, protect it from external threats, maintain his subjects’ quality of life, and provide them with a model for proper moral conduct. -
Unpacking the Book #12The Tabernacle
The W.E.L.L. Stoneybrooke Christian Schools Sherry L. Worel www.sherryworel.com 2012.UTB.12 Unpacking the Book #12The Tabernacle I. An overview There are nearly 470 verses in our bible used to describe the form and furnishings of the Tabernacle and Temple. The bible gives a very specific plan for the building of the tabernacle. However, the temple is not outlined in detail. I Chron. 28:11‐19 does seem to indicate that the Lord gave David some sort of plan or model. The tabernacle was an ornate tent shrine that served the people of Israel for approximately 200 years until it was replaced by Solomon’s temple. This temple served as God’s home for approximately 400 years until the Babylonians destroyed it in 586 BC. When the Israelites returned from Babylon, Zerubbabel over saw the rebuilding of a much inferior temple in 520 BC. This building was damaged and repaired many times until Herod built his “renovation” in 19 BC. The Roman General, Titus destroyed this temple in 70AD. II. The Tabernacle (The Tent of Meeting or Place of Dwelling) A. Consider the New Testament perspective: Hebrews 9:9‐11, 10:1, Col. 2:17 and Revelation 15:5, 21:3 B. Moses was given a model of this meeting house by God Himself (Ex. 25:40) C. The craftsmen Bezalel and Oholiab built this ornate tent. See Ex. 25‐27, 35‐40 for all the details. 1. There was a linen fence that formed an outer courtyard. In that courtyard were two furnishings: a. -
Significant Lessons from the Seemingly Insignificant #7 Doeg, the Edomite
Significant Lessons From The Seemingly Insignificant #7 Doeg, the Edomite Ponder: Who would you place on the list of the “bottom 10” people in the Bible? 1. Cain 1st murderer 2. Ahab/Jezebel Evil rulers during Israel’s darkest period 3. Manasseh Child sacrifice 4. Jeroboam I Led the Northern Kingdom into evil and idolatry 5. Herod the Great Slaughterer of children 6. Herodias & Herod Antipas Beheaded John the Baptist 7. Judas Betrayal of Jesus Christ 8. Pontius Pilate Washed his hand of the blood of Jesus Christ 9. Saul Fierce persecutor of Christians 10. Doeg, the Edomite Wreaks havoc; epitome of evil [4 verses in the Bible] Focal Passage: I Samuel 21-22 Scene 1: Ahimelech’s Aid To David – I Sam. 21:1-10 1. David has begun his “life as a fugitive” from Saul; a period of 10 years during which he was “public enemy #1” in all of Israel. 2. David has no weapons or food as he heads into the wilderness. 3. David goes to Nob, the town of the priets and Tabernacle. 4. He meets with Ahimelech, the high priest. [also known as Ahijah; great-grandson of Eli] 5. David’s lies and deception will ultimately bring death to the innocent priests and Ahimelech. 6. Ahimelech was trembling when he met David. “Why are you alone and no one with you?” 7. David’s Deception: The king has sent me on a mission and I am not to tell anyone about the matter. He tells Ahimelech he has left his men at a certain place. -
Saul, Doeg, Nabal and the “Son of Jesse”: Readings in 1 Samuel 16—25
Saul, Doeg, Nabal and the “Son of Jesse”: Readings in 1 Samuel 16—25 By Joseph Lozovyy Ph.D. Thesis The University of Edinburgh 2006 TO MY PARENTS DECLARATION I declare that I have composed Saul, Doeg, Nabal and the “Son of Jesse”: Readings in 1 Samuel 16—25 and that it is my own work, that it has not been submitted, in whole or in part, for any other degree or professional qualification, and that all sources used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by complete references. Joseph Lozovyy TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations . ix Abstract . xiii Foreword . xiv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION I. Introductory Remarks . 1 II. Various Approaches to 1 Sam. 25 . 3 A. Historical Critical Approaches to 1 Sam. 25 . 3 B. Literary approaches to 1 Sam. 25 . 8 1. David as the Hero of the Story . 15 a) Positive Views . 16 b) Negative Views . 20 c) Narrative Analogy . 21 2. Abigail as the Heroine of the Story . 23 3. Nabal as the Hero of the Story . 26 III. The Stories in 1 Sam 21 and 22 . 27 A. Difficulties and Tensions in Studying 1 Sam. 21 and 22 . 27 B. Literary Approaches to 1 Sam. 21 and 22 . 31 1. Negative Views of David . 32 2. Positive and Semi-Positive Views of David . 35 IV. MT, LXX, Q and Josephus in 1 Sam. 16—25 . 40 A. Samuel Scroll in Qumran . 41 B. The Septuagint Versions of 1—2 Samuel (1—2 Reigns) . 44 C. The Text of Samuel in MT, LXX, Q and Josephus . 46 D. -
Week 1 Emotions
sundayfebruaryseventhtwothousandtwentyonead FEAR Emotions: Getting A Grip On Your Heart & Mind Pattern #3 The __________________ Pattern #1 The __________________ 1 Samuel 21:6 Since there was no other food available, the priest gave him the holy bread—the Bread of the Presence that was placed before the Lord in the Tabernacle. It had just been replaced that day with fresh bread. (NLT) 1 Samuel 21:1 David went to the town of Nob to see Ahimelech the priest. Ahimelech trembled when he saw him. “Why are you alone?” he asked. “Why is no one with you?” (NLT) 1 Samuel 21:7 Now Doeg the Edomite, Saul’s chief herdsman, was there that day, having been detained before the Lord. (NLT) 1 Samuel 21:2 “The king has sent me on a private matter,” David said. “He told me not to tell anyone why I am here. I have told my men where to meet me later. (NLT) Pattern #4 The __________________ Pattern #2 The __________________ 1 Samuel 21:8 David asked Ahimelech, “Do you have a spear or sword? The king’s business was so urgent that I didn’t even have time to grab a weapon!” (NLT) 1 Samuel 21:3 Now, what is there to eat? Give me fve loaves of bread or anything else you have.” 1 Samuel 21:9 “I only have the sword of Goliath the Philistine, 4 “We don’t have any regular bread,” the priest replied. “But there whom you killed in the valley of Elah,” the priest replied. “It is is the holy bread, which you can have if your young men have wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod. -
High Priests Garments and History
THE HIGH PRIEST - GARMENTS AND HISTORY Historical Significance and Symbolism Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM THE HIGH PRIEST • Brief Introduction • Appearance in the VSL • Garments – Biblical Explanations – Use in Royal Arch • Observations Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM TRIVIA • Master of the Chapter – in United States – Excellent High Priest, King, and Scribe • In United Kingdom – First, Second, Third Principal • In Ireland – Excellent King, High Priest and Chief Scribe Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM TRIVIA • In United Kingdom – First, Second, Third Principal – Most Excellent Zerubbabel Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM THE HIGH PRIEST • Master of a Chapter • Member of the Grand Council • Past High Priest – Wears a distinctive Symbol Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM ROYAL ARCH - HIGH PRIEST SYMBOL • Is the Breastplate of the High Priest of Israel • Described in Exodus 28 • Created in Exodus 39 • Worn by Aaron in Leviticus 8 Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM THE HIGH PRIEST OF ISRAEL • Aaron was the first – Exodus 28 • Was to be successive through Aaron’s line – Aaron Eleazar Phinehas Abishua Bukki Uzzi – Ithamar Eli Ahitub Ahijah Ahimelech Abiathar • Solomon – Abiathar Zadok (High Priest at completion of the First Temple) Joseph Martinez Manassas Chapter #81, RAM THE FIRST TEMPLE • David – Abiathar and Zadok were High Priests in tandem • Solomon – When Adonijah tries to claim power and kingship • Abiathar sides with Adonijah’s camp – David near death proclaims Solomon -
Josephus Writings Outline
THE WARS OF THE JEWS OR THE HISTORY OF THE DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM – BOOK I CONTAINING FROM THE TAKING OF JERUSALEM BY ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES TO THE DEATH OF HEROD THE GREAT. (THE INTERVAL OF 177 YEARS) CHAPTER 1: HOW THE CITY JERUSALEM WAS TAKEN, AND THE TEMPLE PILLAGED [BY ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES]; AS ALSO CONCERNING THE ACTIONS OF THE MACCABEES, MATTHIAS AND JUDAS; AND CONCERNING THE DEATH OF JUDAS. CHAPTER 2: CONCERNING THE SUCCESSORS OF JUDAS; WHO WERE JONATHAN AND SIMON, AND JOHN HYRCANUS? CHAPTER 3: HOW ARISTOBULUS WAS THE FIRST THAT PUT A DIADEM ABOUT HIS HEAD; AND AFTER HE HAD PUT HIS MOTHER AND BROTHER TO DEATH, DIED HIMSELF, WHEN HE HAD REIGNED NO MORE THAN A YEAR. CHAPTER 4: WHAT ACTIONS WERE DONE BY ALEXANDER JANNEUS, WHO REIGNED TWENTY- SEVEN YEARS. CHAPTER 5: ALEXANDRA REIGNS NINE YEARS, DURING WHICH TIME THE PHARISEES WERE THE REAL RULERS OF THE NATION. CHAPTER 6: WHEN HYRCANUS WHO WAS ALEXANDER'S HEIR, RECEDED FROM HIS CLAIM TO THE CROWN ARISTOBULUS IS MADE KING; AND AFTERWARD THE SAME HYRCANUS BY THE MEANS OF ANTIPATER; IS BROUGHT BACK BY ABETAS. AT LAST POMPEY IS MADE THE ARBITRATOR OF THE DISPUTE BETWEEN THE BROTHERS. CHAPTER 7: HOW POMPEY HAD THE CITY OF JERUSALEM DELIVERED UP TO HIM BUT TOOK THE TEMPLE BY FORCE. HOW HE WENT INTO THE HOLY OF HOLIES; AS ALSO WHAT WERE HIS OTHER EXPLOITS IN JUDEA. CHAPTER 8: ALEXANDER, THE SON OF ARISTOBULUS, WHO RAN AWAY FROM POMPEY, MAKES AN EXPEDITION AGAINST HYRCANUS; BUT BEING OVERCOME BY GABINIUS HE DELIVERS UP THE FORTRESSES TO HIM. -
Deuteronomy- Kings As Emerging Authoritative Books, a Conversation
DEUTERONOMY–KinGS as EMERGING AUTHORITATIVE BOOKS A Conversation Edited by Diana V. Edelman Ancient Near East Monographs – Monografías sobre el Antiguo Cercano Oriente Society of Biblical Literature Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente (UCA) DEUTERONOMY–KINGS AS EMERGING AUTHORITATIVE BOOKS Ancient Near East Monographs General Editors Ehud Ben Zvi Roxana Flammini Editorial Board Reinhard Achenbach Esther J. Hamori Steven W. Holloway René Krüger Alan Lenzi Steven L. McKenzie Martti Nissinen Graciela Gestoso Singer Juan Manuel Tebes Number 6 DEUTERONOMY–KINGS AS EMERGING AUTHORITATIVE BOOKS A CONVERSATION Edited by Diana V. Edelman Society of Biblical Literature Atlanta Copyright © 2014 by the Society of Biblical Literature All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permit- ted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and Permissions Offi ce, Society of Biblical Literature, 825 Houston Mill Road, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Library of Congress Control Number: 2014931428 Th e Ancient Near East Monographs/Monografi as Sobre El Antiguo Cercano Oriente series is published jointly by the Society of Biblical Literature and the Universidad Católica Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Políticas y de la Comunicación, Centro de Estu- dios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente. For further information, see: http://www.sbl-site.org/publications/Books_ANEmonographs.aspx http://www.uca.edu.ar/cehao Printed on acid-free, recycled paper conforming to ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R1997) and ISO 9706:1994 standards for paper permanence. -
Second Samuel 8 Chapters 2-8 Record David’S Positive Behavio and Success
Second Samuel 8 Chapters 2-8 record David’s positive behavio and success. Chapters 9-20 record David’s negative decisions and failures. A collection of David’s military victories over Philistines, Moab, Ammon and extending north to the Euphrates. Chapters 10-12 may have occurred before chapter 8 was recorded as a summary. There are no references to conflict with the Philistines until the time of Hezekiah in 720 BC in 2 Kings 18:8. 8:1 Metheg-ammah is unknown location 8:15-18 – List of officials also in 2 Sam. 20:23-26 and 1 Kings 4:1-6 Jehoshaphat was the recorder documenting events and legal proceedings. 8:17 – Priests: - Zadok – will be with David during Absalom’s rebellion. Zadok will support Solomon against Zdonijah after David’s death. - Abiathar escaped the slaughter at Nob and was with David in his years as a fugitive in 1Samuel 22:20; 23:6; 30:7. Abiathar will be with David during Absalom’s rebellion. Abiathar was the son of the High Priest Ahimelech who was slaughtered at Nob by Saul. Abiathar was David’s High Priest along with Zadok. - Ahimelech – named by his father Abiathar after his father (grandfather) Ahimelech, the HP at killed at Nob. Seraiah was secretary Benaiah, the warrior and one of David’s “mighty men”, was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites that served as David’s personal bodyguard and personal military. The Cherethites and Pelethites were foreigners who served David, were paid by David and only political interests were to David and his success. -
Pitchfork Media's Textual and Cultural Impact
CREATING A CULTURE: PITCHFORK MEDIA‘S TEXTUAL AND CULTURAL IMPACT ON ROLLING STONE MAGAZINE A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri- Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by EMILY BRASHER Dr. Stephanie Craft, Thesis Supervisor DECEMBER 2013 The undersigned, appointed by the Dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled CREATING A CULTURE: PITCHFORK MEDIA‘S TEXTUAL AND CULTURAL IMPACT ON ROLLING STONE MAGAZINE Presented by Emily Brasher A candidate for the degree of Master of Arts And hereby certify that in their opinion it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Stephanie Craft Professor Mary Kay Blakely Professor Andrew Hoberek Professor Lynda Kraxberger To my family, for always believing in me. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Stephanie Craft for all of her support and patience though this process. The road was long—there were a few address changes and even a name change along the way—but Dr. Craft spurred me on until the journey reached a happy end. My deepest thanks also to Dr. Mary Kay Blakely, Dr. Andrew Hoberek, and Dr. Lynda Kraxberger, for bearing with me through it all. Thanks to Dr. Betty Winfield for getting me started, and to Ginny Cowell and Martha Pickens for their invaluable advice and help. ii CREATING A CULTURE: PITCHFORK MEDIA‘S TEXTUAL AND CULTURAL IMPACT ON ROLLING STONE MAGAZINE Emily Brasher Dr. Stephanie Craft, Thesis Supervisor ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is to demonstrate how cultures and subcultures can be created and disseminated through media, and how newer forms of media such as websites can have a tangible effect on the content of older forms of media such as print magazines. -
The Heading of Psalm 52
THE HEADING OF PSALM 52 by Samuel A. Meier The Ohio State University The following excursion into the book of Psalms is appropriate in a context honoring Reuben Ahroni, for his interests have led him to make contributions that have advanced the appreciation of the psalter (Ahroni, 1982). This discussion of the Masoretic heading for Psalm 52 is offered as a modest tribute to a good friend and colleague. The chaos that reigns in the textual stability and interpretation of the Psalm headings can be easily understated. Many of the terms that are found there were already inscrutable to the Bible's earliest translators and remain perplexing today. What concludes a psalm in the Masoretic text may introduce the following psalm in the Septuagint. 1 Waltke (1991), modifying a proposal made by Gevaryahu (1975), has shown that certain phrases now introducing the Psalms as headings can be understood as postscripts originally appended to the preceding psalm in the collection. The relative stability of the Psalm headings within the Masoretic tradition2 masks a considerable variety of alternatives that surface in other traditions: in the Brill critical edition of the Peshitta psalter, the first verses are entirely omitted because the variations in formulation are completely different from the Masoretic text, and even within the Syriac tradition they differ wildly among themselves (cf. Barnes, 1904, pp. I. For example, the position of "Hallelujah!" is textually unstable in Pss 104:35, 105:45, 106:48, 113:9, 115:18, 116:19, IJ7:2, 135:21, 146:10, 147:20, 148:14, and 149:9. -
Feed My Sheep
-1- FEED MY SHEEP PUBLISHED BY JAMES W. BRUGGEMAN STONE KINGDOM MINISTRIES P. O. BOX 5695 ASHEVILLE, NC 28813 U.S.A. www.stonekingdom.org Issue #99 February 2007 The Coup D’état Begins ast issue we took a detour from our continuing ored to be invited as special guests to a sacrifice by L studies in the life of David to examine the issue of the Prince. They travel with him down to Hebron for whether Abraham and Sarah committed incest. That the big sacrifice-“shindig.” question arose because David’s son, Amnon, had inces- tuously raped his half-sister, Tamar; and Abram had While there were indeed sacrifices made, and stated that Sarai and he had the same father but not the undoubtedly Prince Absalom put on quite a religious same mother. We trust last issue laid to rest any qualms show, we need to remember that in many of the sacri- any believer had about that question. We now rejoin the fices, the animal was not burned up. Rather, it was narrative of the multiple tragedies in David’s family. roasted and grilled and shared with friends of the one making the sacrifice. And of course there would be We had paused at the point where David’s son, plenty of vintage “Hebron Cabernet Sauvignon” to go Absalom—now returned from exile for murdering Am- around. After all, what’s a meal without some good non—has been ingratiating himself with all the people wine, Absalom would remark. by slandering his father, the king. He has sought the approval of his father to go to Hebron to “do service” to So, if you can picture it, Absalom was throwing God.