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ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Corrections and Changes to the Diptera Checklist
Dipterists Digest 2018 25, 79-84 Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (39) – Editor It is intended to publish here any corrections to the text of the latest Diptera checklist (publication date was 13 November 1998; the final ‘cut-off’ date for included information was 17 June 1998) and to draw attention to any subsequent changes. All readers are asked to inform me of errors or changes and I thank all those who have already brought these to my attention. Changes are listed under families; names new to the British Isles list are in bold type. The notes below refer to addition of 18 species, two deletions, loss of one name as a nomen dubium and loss of two names due to synonymy, resulting in a new total of 7171 species (of which 41 are recorded only from Ireland). An updated version of the checklist, incorporating all corrections and changes that have been reported in Dipterists Digest, is available for download from the Dipterists Forum website. It is intended to update this regularly following the appearance of each issue of Dipterists Digest. Mycetophilidae. The following species were added by P. CHANDLER (2018. Fungus Gnats Recording Scheme Newsletter 10. Spring 2018. pp 1-10. Bulletin of the Dipterists Forum 85): Brevicornu arcticum (Lundström, 1913 – Brachycampta) + [new to Britain but previously recorded from Ireland] Phronia longelamellata Strobl, 1898 Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898 – Phronia) Sciaridae. K. HELLER, A. KÖHLER, F. MENZEL, K.M. OLSEN and Ø. GAMMELMO (2016. Two formerly unrecognized species of Sciaridae (Diptera) revealed by DNA barcoding. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 63, 96-115) proposed the following changes: Sciara hemerobioides Scopoli, 1763 = Rhagio morio Fabricius, 1794, syn. -
Diptera, Commonly Known As Flies and Mosquitoes
Emma Wahlberg Names such as dance flies, dagger flies, balloon flies, long legged flies and smoke flies all reflect on the many different appearances and Molecules and morphology in behaviours of species within the superfamily Empidoidea. They belong to the insect order Diptera, commonly known as flies and mosquitoes. Empidoidea (Diptera) There are over 10,000 known species within this very large species group and the diversity of some of the included families and genera is Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomical implications highest in temperate areas, but members of the superfamily occur Molecules and morphology in Empidoidea (Diptera) worldwide with the exception of Antarctica. The classification and evolutionary history have been far from straightforward subjects. Emma Wahlberg Morphology based studies have been unable to answer many questions raised by both systematists and biogeographers, as well as ecologists and ethologists. Partly due to morphological modifications and adaptations difficult to interpret. In this thesis I use genetic data, DNA, to investigate and explore the phylogeny of the superfamily in whole and also of the genus Wiedemannia. I also build upon these results for further morphological studies in the herein erected family Ragadidae. Finally, I contribute with new and extended data of both the taxonomy and the Swedish biodiversity. Emma Wahlberg Her main interests are evolutionary biology, ecology and biogeography. Currently working on the taxonomy and systematics of Empidoidea (Diptera). Other pursuits are programming, public outreach, photography and design. ISBN 978-91-7911-070-3 Department of Zoology Doctoral Thesis in Systematic Zoology at Stockholm University, Sweden 2020 Molecules and morphology in Empidoidea (Diptera) Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomical implications Emma Wahlberg Academic dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Systematic Zoology at Stockholm University to be publicly defended on Friday 24 April 2020 at 13.00 in Lilla hörsalen, Naturhistoriska riksmuséet, Frescativägen 40. -
Diptera: Empididae: Ragadinae Subfam. Nov.)
© The Author, 2016. Journal compilation © Australian Museum, Sydney, 2016 Records of the Australian Museum (2016) Vol. 68, issue number 1, pp. 1–22. ISSN 0067-1975 (print), ISSN 2201-4349 (online) http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1657 Revision of the Australian species of Hydropeza Sinclair (Diptera: Empididae: Ragadinae subfam. nov.) BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR Canadian National Collection of Insects and Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K.W. Neatby Bldg., C.E.F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6, Canada [email protected] ABSTRACT. Nine new species of Hydropeza Sinclair from Australia are described (H. angulata sp. nov. (N. Queensland), H. aptera sp. nov. (Tasmania), H. cornuta sp. nov. (Queensland), H. curvata sp. nov. (N. Queensland), H. divaricata sp. nov. (N. Queensland), H. intricata sp. nov. (N. Queensland), H. queenslandensis sp. nov. (N. Queensland), H. tasmanica sp. nov. (Tasmania), H. unguicula sp. nov. (Tasmania)). In Australia, Hydropeza is currently widely disjunct in distribution, known only from Tasmania and northern Queensland (Wet Tropics), absent from intervening regions despite extensive surveys of rocky streams and creeks. The male terminalia are illustrated, distributions mapped and a key to species is presented. The subfamily Ragadinae subfam. nov. is proposed for the Ragas-group of genera (Dipsomyia Bezzi, Hormopeza Zetterstedt, Hydropeza, Ragas Walker, Zanclotus Wilder). A revised phylogeny of the species of Hydropeza, including species from New Zealand and Chile, is presented and discussed. KEYWORDS. Diptera; Empididae; Hydropeza; new species; taxonomy; Australia SINCLAIR, BRADLEY J. 2016. Revision of the Australian species of Hydropeza Sinclair (Diptera: Empididae: Ragadinae). Records of the Australian Museum 68(1): 1–22. -
Insecta, Diptera)
European Journal of Taxonomy 521: 1–19 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.521 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2019 · Wahlberg E. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:40C3F1EE-5EE3-4DA8-ADE0-6D57BAC23C26 Revision and morphological analysis of the Ragadidae (Insecta, Diptera) Emma WAHLBERG Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden and Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Email: [email protected] urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:CB7636CE-FC44–403A-BAFD-C9F7C22A57CE Abstract. Several taxonomic groups within Empidoidea Latreille, 1809 have been subject to unclear phylogenetic assignments along with multiple parallel hypotheses causing difficulties in classification and morphological identification. This study reviews the internal classification of the Ragadidae and includes a diagnosis and description of all included subfamilies and genera based on the results of an analysis of morphological characters using maximum parsimony. Illustration of important characters and a key to all genera in the family is given. The genus Hormopeza Zetterstedt, 1838 is found to be most closely related to Anthepiscopus Becker, 1891 and Iteaphila Zetterstedt, 1838, and the subfamily Iteaphilinae Wahlberg & Johanson, 2018 is therefore expanded to also include that genus. Hormopeza is consequently excluded from Ragadinae Sinclair, 2016. This study provides diagnoses, descriptions and keys in a contribution to a thorough classification of the empidoid groups and increased ease in morphological recognition. Keywords. Diptera, Empidoidea, Ragadidae, revision, taxonomy. Wahlberg E. 2019. Revision and morphological analysis of the Ragadidae (Insecta, Diptera). -
Multiple Stressors in Floodplain Ecosystems
Multiple stressors in floodplain ecosystems Influences of flooding, land use and metal contamination on biota Schipper AM (2011) Multiple stressors in floodplain ecosystems. Influences of flooding, land use and metal contamination on biota. PhD thesis, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands © 2011 Aafke Schipper, all rights reserved. ISBN: 978‐94‐91066‐05‐4 Cover photos: Raymond Sluiter & Aafke Schipper Cover design and layout: Aafke Schipper Print: Ipskamp Nijmegen Multiple stressors in floodplain ecosystems Influences of flooding, land use and metal contamination on biota Een wetenschappelijke proeve op het gebied van de Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. mr. S.C.J.J. Kortmann volgens besluit van het college van decanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 18 februari 2011 om 13:00 uur precies door Aafke Margaretha Schipper geboren op 24 februari 1979 te Dordrecht Promotor: Prof. dr. ir. A.J. Hendriks Copromotores: Dr. R.S.E.W. Leuven Dr. A.M.J. Ragas Manuscriptcommissie: Prof. dr. J.C.J.M. de Kroon (voorzitter) Prof. dr. A.M. Breure Prof. dr. H. Middelkoop (Universiteit Utrecht) Aan mijn ouders ‘Only by understanding the environment and how it works, can we make the necessary decisions to protect it’ Kofi Annan (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment) Table of contents Chapter 1 General introduction 9 Chapter 2 Vegetation characteristics and eco‐hydrological processes in a 15 pristine mire in -
International Palaeoentomological Society—20 Years After
Palaeoentomology 004 (4): 293–312 ISSN 2624-2826 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pe/ PALAEOENTOMOLOGY Copyright © 2021 Magnolia Press Editorial ISSN 2624-2834 (online edition) PE https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.4.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:103EB657-EED0-4D1C-A7E6-B8A7FD51FE3B International Palaeoentomological Society—20 years after JACEK SZWEDO Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology and Museum of Amber Inclusions, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, 59, Wita Stwosza St., PL80-309 Gdańsk, Poland �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-9538 Fossilised insects probably brought man’s attention Society in London, American Entomological Society) also since the prehistory, since first amber with an insect palaeoentomologists took a part and added much towards entombed in resin was found. Amber was collected and the development of the science. used by humans first in the Upper Paleolithic period, Statement by Imms (1931)—“Recent advances in perhaps as long ago as 20,000 years (Beck et al., 2009; insect paleontology have, to a marked degree, filled in Burdukiewicz, 2009; Płonka & Kowalski, 2017). The conspicuous gaps in our knowledge of the evolution of written testimonies on amber inclusions goes back to most of the main orders, but we are still faced with want Ancient Rome (Plinius Secundus, 77). During 17th and of direct evidence from fossils with regard to the two most 18th centuries the inclusions in amber were noted by important problems of insect phylogeny, viz.: the origin of philosophers (Bacon, 1638), their values discussed and insects as a class, and the origin of wings”—is still valid illustrated (e.g., Sendel, 1742) and their importance to and palaeoentomologists still face these challenges.