Tupaia: Master Navigator
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School Journal Go to www.schooljournal.tki.org.nz for PDFs of all the texts in this issue of the School Journal as Tupaia: Master Navigator Level 3, August 2019 well as teacher support material (TSM) for the following: TSM School Trespass Instructions for Travelling without Touching by Hanahiva Rose Year 6 the Ground Journal Tupaia: Master Navigator AUGUST 2019 AUGUST August SCHOOL JOURNAL 2019 Overview This TSM contains information and suggestions for teachers to pick and choose from, depending on the needs of their students and their purpose for using the text. The materials provide many opportunities for revisiting the text. Tupaia was a Tahitian navigator and high-priest who travelled to Aotearoa ▪ broadens the historical narratives about with Captain Cook and the crew of the Endeavour in 1769. Tupaia spoke many first encounters between Māori and the British languages and played a crucial role mediating between Māori and the British ▪ contains words and phrases in te reo Māori, reo māohi (a language spoken in the first formal encounters between the two peoples. He was recognised by in Tahiti), and English tangata whenua as a person of great mana. Although his significant contribution to Cook’s journey has generally been overlooked, Tupaia is remembered in ▪ contrasts the way Tupaia was acknowledged and remembered by Māori Māori oral histories and remains a key figure in the history of Aotearoa. with the way he was treated by the crew of the Endeavour This story: ▪ emphasises important links between Polynesian and Māori cultures, for The ‘arioi were based at Taputapuātea. This great marae was at the centre example, a common language base and a shared ancestral homeland ▪ recounts the story of Tupaia, an important Tahitian navigator who Hawai‘iHawai‘i of a large group of islands and home to the temple of ‘Oro. Here, Tupaia studied includes a text box, glossary, and map. accompaniedhis people’s Captain history and Cook culture, on specialising his first voyagein star navigation. to Aotearoa He travelled widely ▪ and spoke a number of Polynesian languages. This knowledge, along with his ▪ providesand information spoke a number aboutof Polynesian Pacific languages. exploration, This knowledge, navigation, along with and his migration A PDF of the text is available at www.schooljournal.tki.org.nz intelligence, made Tupaia a man of great mana. BoraBora BoraBora HuahineHuahine Texts related by theme “Hakaraia: Warrior Peacemaker” SJ L4 May 2015 | “Captain Cook: Charting Our Islands” SJ L4 May 2016 | TahitiTahiti “Sixth Sense” SJ L2 Aug 2018 | KiribatiKiribati Tuvalu Tuvalu TokelauTokelau Text characteristics from the year 6 reading standardSamoaSamoa EASTEAST POLYNESIAPOLYNESIA We have retained the links to the National Standards while a new assessment and reportingTonga system is being developed. Tonga Niue For more information on assessing and reporting in the post-National Standards era, see: http://assessment.tki.org.nz/Assessment-and-reporting-guideNiue Cook Tahiti Drawing by Tupaia of ‘arioi musicians Cook Tahiti Drawing by Tupaia of ‘arioi musicians IslandsIslands Rapa Nui KermadecKermadec Rapa Nui A prophecy IslandsIslands In the 1750s, warriors from nearby Bora Bora invaded Rā‘iātea. A local priest named Vaita went into a trance and uttered a prophecy. One day, more people THETHE FIRSTFIRST PACIFICPACIFIC TRAVELLERSTRAVELLERS would come – a different kind of people altogether. They would arrive on a canoe The Polynesian ancestors were voyagers. Guided by the stars and the tides, The Polynesian ancestors were voyagers. Guided by the stars and the tides, with no outrigger and would change everything: “And this land will be taken by they crossed the Pacific, from west to east, until they reached the islands of with no outrigger and would change everything: “And this land will be taken by they crossed the Pacific, from west to east, until they reached the islands of West Polynesia, including Sāmoa and Tonga. Later, these people continued them,” Vaita said. “The old rules will be destroyed.” West Polynesia, including Sāmoa and Tonga. Later, these people continued on to East Polynesia. Finally, in the last wave of migration, they settled in Vaita’s prophecy eventually came true. On 18 June 1767, a strange vessel was on to East Polynesia. Finally, in the last wave of migration, they settled in Hawai‘i in the north, Rapa Nui in the east, and Aotearoa in the south. seen off the coast of Tahiti, where Tupaia now lived. The next morning, ‘arioi priests Hawai‘i in the north, Rapa Nui in the east, and Aotearoa in the south. Over time, as these voyagers adapted their lifestyle and culture to each paddled out to investigate. The boat was the Dolphin, a British ship searching Over time, as these voyagers adapted their lifestyle and culture to each new environment, they became Polynesian. for the unknown southern continent. Samuel Wallis and his crew were the first new environment, they became Polynesian. Europeans the Tahitians had ever seen. outrigger: a wooden float attached to the side of a canoe to make it more stable unknown southern continent: a large area of land Europeans once thought existed some ideas and information that are conveyed indirectly and illustrations, photographs, text boxes, diagrams, maps, charts, require students to infer by drawing on several related pieces of17 and graphs that clarify or extend the text and may require information in the text some interpretation The Endeavour The Endeavour Samuel Wallis and his men stayed in to work out the distance between Earth Samuel Wallis and his men stayed in to work out the distance between Earth Tahiti for five weeks. During this time, and the sun. But Cook was also on a Tahiti for five weeks. During this time, and the sun. But Cook was also on a they got to know Tupaia. When James secret mission. Like Samuel Wallis, they got to know Tupaia. When James secret mission. Like Samuel Wallis, The diplomat Cook’s Endeavour arrived two years he was hoping to find the unknown Cook’s Endeavour arrived two years he was hoping to find the unknown The diplomat later, some of Wallis’s sailors were on southern continent. The Endeavour was Over the following months, word spread about the high priest from Tahiti later, some of Wallis’s sailors were on southern continent. The Endeavour was Over the following months, word spread about the high priest from Tahiti board. They remembered Tupaia as on an epic journey, and to help record travelling in a strange waka with pale companions. Now, when the British had board. They remembered Tupaia as on an epic journey, and to help record travelling in a strange waka with pale companions. Now, when the British had an important,an important, well-connected well-connected man, man, it,it, many many skilled skilled people people werewere onon board,board, contact with Māori, Tupaia often took a leading role. Using his skills as a diplomat, contact with Māori, Tupaia often took a leading role. Using his skills as a diplomat, so Cookso Cook asked asked for Tupaia’sfor Tupaia’s help help as asan an includingincluding astronomers, astronomers, scientists,scientists, he would speak to both sides, sharing his knowledge to prevent confusion and interpreterinterpreter and and a guide. a guide. andand artists. artists. One One of of thesethese men waswas the the he would speak to both sides, sharing his knowledge to prevent confusion and conflict. Tupaia was greeted as an honoured guest and given cloaks and other CookCook had hadcome come to the to the Pacific Pacific to to botanistbotanist Joseph Joseph Banks, Banks, and hehe andand conflict. Tupaia was greeted as an honoured guest and given cloaks and other taonga. He was from the homeland after all. Māori wanted to hear his stories. observeobserve and andmeasure measure the the transit transit of of TupaiaTupaia became became friends. friends. Tupaia alsoalso spent spent taonga. He was from the homeland after all. Māori wanted to hear his stories. VenusVenus. This. This information information was was for for a a timetime with with the the ship’s ship’s artists,artists, learning to to They wanted to connect with their ancestral past. They wanted to connect with their ancestral past. projectproject run byrun scientists by scientists who who hoped hoped drawdraw and and paint paint the the EuropeanEuropean way. when the planet Venus can be seen moving across the sun transittransit of Venus: of Venus: when the planet Venus can be seen moving across the sun botanist: an expert who studies plants botanist: an expert who studies plants a significant amount of vocabulary that is unfamiliar to the sentences that vary in length and in structure (for example, students (including academic and content-specific words and sentences that begin in different ways and different kinds of phrases), which is generally explained in the text by words complex sentences with a number of subordinate clauses) or illustrations Reading standard: by the end of year 6 The above pages: TEACHER SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR “TUPAIA: MASTER NAVIGATOR”, SCHOOL JOURNAL, LEVEL 3, AUGUST 2019 1 Text and images copyright © Crown. ACCESSED FROM WWW.SCHOOLJOURNAL.TKI.ORG.NZ COPYRIGHT © CROWN 2019 Tupaia’s most famous- drawing, Tupaia’sprobably most famousdone in- Udrawing,awa 20 probably done in Uawa 20 Tupaia continued to draw in Aotearoa. His only surviving artwork from his Tupaia continued to draw in Aotearoa. His only surviving artwork from his time here is thought to have been made in Ūawa (now called Tolaga Bay), where time here is thought to have been made in Ūawa (now called Tolaga Bay), where Tupaia spent a lot of time ashore. The drawing shows a Māori and Joseph Banks Tupaia spent a lot of time ashore. The drawing shows a Māori and Joseph Banks trading a crayfish and white tapa cloth.