The Number of 959 Microbial-Related Targets from Both TTD and OMIM
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Autophagy: from Basic Science to Clinical Application
nature publishing group REVIEW See COMMENTARY page XX Autophagy: from basic science to clinical application J Va n L i m b e r g e n 1 , 2 , 3 , C S t e v e n s 4 , E R N i m m o 1 , D C W i l s o n 2 , 3 a n d J S a t s a n g i 1 Autophagy is a cellular pathway involved in protein and organelle degradation, which is likely to represent an innate adaptation to starvation. In times of nutrient deficiency, the cell can self-digest and recycle some nonessential components through nonselective autophagy, thus sustaining minimal growth requirements until a food source becomes available. Over recent years, autophagy has been implicated in an increasing number of clinical scenarios, notably infectious diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmunity. The recent identification of the importance of autophagy genes in the genetic susceptibility to Crohn ’ s disease suggests that a selective autophagic response may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of common complex immune-mediated diseases. In this review, we discuss the autophagic mechanisms, their molecular regulation, and summarize their clinical relevance. This progress has led to great interest in the therapeutic potential of manipulation of both selective and nonselective autophagy in established disease. INTRODUCTION The ability to adapt to environmental change is essential for sur- Autophagy encompasses several distinct processes involving vival. This is true for the organism as a whole and for individual the delivery of portions of the cytoplasm to the lysosome for cells alike. -
Expression Gene Network Analyses Reveal Molecular Mechanisms And
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Diferential expression and co- expression gene network analyses reveal molecular mechanisms and candidate biomarkers involved in breast muscle myopathies in chicken Eva Pampouille1,2, Christelle Hennequet-Antier1, Christophe Praud1, Amélie Juanchich1, Aurélien Brionne1, Estelle Godet1, Thierry Bordeau1, Fréderic Fagnoul2, Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval1 & Cécile Berri1* The broiler industry is facing an increasing prevalence of breast myopathies, such as white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB), and the precise aetiology of these occurrences remains poorly understood. To progress our understanding of the structural changes and molecular pathways involved in these myopathies, a transcriptomic analysis was performed using an 8 × 60 K Agilent chicken microarray and histological study. The study used pectoralis major muscles from three groups: slow-growing animals (n = 8), fast-growing animals visually free from defects (n = 8), or severely afected by both WS and WB (n = 8). In addition, a weighted correlation network analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between modules of co-expressed genes and histological traits. Functional analysis suggested that selection for fast growing and breast meat yield has progressively led to conditions favouring metabolic shifts towards alternative catabolic pathways to produce energy, leading to an adaptive response to oxidative stress and the frst signs of infammatory, regeneration and fbrosis processes. All these processes are intensifed in muscles afected by severe myopathies, in which new mechanisms related to cellular defences and remodelling seem also activated. Furthermore, our study opens new perspectives for myopathy diagnosis by highlighting fne histological phenotypes and genes whose expression was strongly correlated with defects. Te poultry industry relies on the production of fast-growing chickens, which are slaughtered at high weights and intended for cutting and processing. -
Deficiency in Class III PI3-Kinase Confers Postnatal Lethality with IBD
ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05105-8 OPEN Deficiency in class III PI3-kinase confers postnatal lethality with IBD-like features in zebrafish Shaoyang Zhao1,2,3, Jianhong Xia2,3, Xiuhua Wu2,3, Leilei Zhang2,3, Pengtao Wang2,3, Haiyun Wang2,3, Heying Li2, Xiaoshan Wang 2, Yan Chen 2, Jean Agnetti2, Yinxiong Li 2, Duanqing Pei2,3 & Xiaodong Shu2,3 The class III PI3-kinase (PIK3C3) is an enzyme responsible for the generation of phospha- tidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), a critical component of vesicular membrane. Here, we report 1234567890():,; that PIK3C3 deficiency in zebrafish results in intestinal injury and inflammation. In pik3c3 mutants, gut tube forms but fails to be maintained. Gene expression analysis reveals that barrier-function-related inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) susceptibility genes (e-cadherin, hnf4a, ttc7a) are suppressed, while inflammatory response genes are stimulated in the mutants. Histological analysis shows neutrophil infiltration into mutant intestinal epithelium and the clearance of gut microbiota. Yet, gut microorganisms appear dispensable as mutants cultured under germ-free condition have similar intestinal defects. Mechanistically, we show that PIK3C3 deficiency suppresses the formation of PI3P and disrupts the polarized dis- tribution of cell-junction proteins in intestinal epithelial cells. These results not only reveal a role of PIK3C3 in gut homeostasis, but also provide a zebrafish IBD model. 1 School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, Anhui, China. 2 CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health-Guangzhou Medical University Joint School of Biological Sciences, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530 Guangzhou, China. -
Xxviiith Belgian Week of Gastroenterology 2016 All Abstracts Belgian Association for the Study of the Liver (BASL)
XXVIIIth Belgian Week of Gastroenterology 2016 All Abstracts Belgian Association for the Study of the Liver (BASL) A01 Light-to-moderate alcohol intake increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with HCV-related compensated cirrhosis: a prospective study H. VANDENBULCKE (1), C. MORENO (2), I. COLLE (3), J. KNEBEL (4), S. FRANCQUE (5), T. SERSTÉ (6), C. GEORGE (7), C. DE GALOCSY (8), W. LALEMAN (9), J. DELWAIDE (10), H. ORLENT (11), L. LASSER (12), E. TRÉPO (2), H. VAN VLIERBERGHE (3), P. MICHIELSEN (5), M. VAN GOSSUM (6), M. DE VOS (1), A. MAROT (13), C. DOERIG (13), M. ADLER (2), J. HENRION (1), P. DELTENRE (13) / [1] Hôpital de Jolimont, Haine-Saint-Paul, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [2] Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology, [3] Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [4] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland, Division of Radiology, [5] Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [6] CHU Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [7] AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [8] Hôp. Iris Sud Bracops, Bruxelles, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [9] KU, Leuven, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [10] CHU Liege, Liège, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [11] AZ St. Jan Brugge AV, Brugge, Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [12] CHU Brugmann, , Belgium, Departement of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, [13] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Introduction: Whether light-to-moderate alcohol intake increases the risk of complications in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis remains unclear. -
Ifng-Induced Irgm1 Promotes Tumorigenesis of Melanoma Via Dual Regulation of Apoptosis and Bif-1-Dependent Autophagy
Oncogene (2015) 34, 5363–5371 © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0950-9232/15 www.nature.com/onc ORIGINAL ARTICLE IFNg-induced Irgm1 promotes tumorigenesis of melanoma via dual regulation of apoptosis and Bif-1-dependent autophagy H Dong1,2,5, L Tian1,5,RLi3,CPei1,YFu1, X Dong1, F Xia1, C Wang1,WLi1, X Guo1,CGu1,BLi1, A Liu4, H Ren1, C Wang2 and H Xu1 Interferon gamma (IFNg) has been known as the regulator for both tumor immune surveillance and tumorgenesis. However, mechanisms underlying the resistance of tumor cell to IFNg have yet been fully understood. In the current study, we showed that immunity-related GTPase family member 1 (mouse: Irgm1; human: IRGM) is essential for IFNg-mediated regulation of tumor cell growth in melanoma. IRGM/Irgm1 was highly expressed in human and mouse melanoma. IFNg and starvation synergistically induced Irgm1 expression in melanoma B16 cells. In vivo, injection of Irgm1-siRNA-treated cells significantly reduced the number of tumor nodules and prolonged the mice survival. In vitro, knockdown endogenous or IFNg-induced Irgm1 significantly decreases the proliferation and increases apoptosis of B16 cells. In addition, suppressing Irgm1 decreased the IFNg/starvation-induced autophagy, while overexpressing Irgm1 significantly increased autophagy and rescued starvation-challenged cells. Moreover, IFNg and starvation-induced the co-localization of Irgm1 with Bax-interacting factor 1 (Bif-1). Knockdown of Bif-1 decreased Irgm1-mediated tumor cell autophagy. Taken together, these data reveal an Irgm1-dependent mechanism that promotes the tumorigenesis of melanoma via dual regulation of apoptosis and Bif-1-dependent autophagy. -
A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of Β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus
Page 1 of 781 Diabetes A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus Robert N. Bone1,6,7, Olufunmilola Oyebamiji2, Sayali Talware2, Sharmila Selvaraj2, Preethi Krishnan3,6, Farooq Syed1,6,7, Huanmei Wu2, Carmella Evans-Molina 1,3,4,5,6,7,8* Departments of 1Pediatrics, 3Medicine, 4Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, 5Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the 6Center for Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, and the 7Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; 2Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202; 8Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202. *Corresponding Author(s): Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD ([email protected]) Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 2031A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Telephone: (317) 274-4145, Fax (317) 274-4107 Running Title: Golgi Stress Response in Diabetes Word Count: 4358 Number of Figures: 6 Keywords: Golgi apparatus stress, Islets, β cell, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online August 20, 2020 Diabetes Page 2 of 781 ABSTRACT The Golgi apparatus (GA) is an important site of insulin processing and granule maturation, but whether GA organelle dysfunction and GA stress are present in the diabetic β-cell has not been tested. We utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a transcriptional signature of β-cell GA stress using existing RNA sequencing and microarray datasets generated using human islets from donors with diabetes and islets where type 1(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) had been modeled ex vivo. To narrow our results to GA-specific genes, we applied a filter set of 1,030 genes accepted as GA associated. -
Supplementary Table 3 Complete List of RNA-Sequencing Analysis of Gene Expression Changed by ≥ Tenfold Between Xenograft and Cells Cultured in 10%O2
Supplementary Table 3 Complete list of RNA-Sequencing analysis of gene expression changed by ≥ tenfold between xenograft and cells cultured in 10%O2 Expr Log2 Ratio Symbol Entrez Gene Name (culture/xenograft) -7.182 PGM5 phosphoglucomutase 5 -6.883 GPBAR1 G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 -6.683 CPVL carboxypeptidase, vitellogenic like -6.398 MTMR9LP myotubularin related protein 9-like, pseudogene -6.131 SCN7A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 7 -6.115 POPDC2 popeye domain containing 2 -6.014 LGI1 leucine rich glioma inactivated 1 -5.86 SCN1A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 -5.713 C6 complement C6 -5.365 ANGPTL1 angiopoietin like 1 -5.327 TNN tenascin N -5.228 DHRS2 dehydrogenase/reductase 2 leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain -5.115 LRFN2 containing 2 -5.076 FOXO6 forkhead box O6 -5.035 ETNPPL ethanolamine-phosphate phospho-lyase -4.993 MYO15A myosin XVA -4.972 IGF1 insulin like growth factor 1 -4.956 DLG2 discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 2 -4.86 SCML4 sex comb on midleg like 4 (Drosophila) Src homology 2 domain containing transforming -4.816 SHD protein D -4.764 PLP1 proteolipid protein 1 -4.764 TSPAN32 tetraspanin 32 -4.713 N4BP3 NEDD4 binding protein 3 -4.705 MYOC myocilin -4.646 CLEC3B C-type lectin domain family 3 member B -4.646 C7 complement C7 -4.62 TGM2 transglutaminase 2 -4.562 COL9A1 collagen type IX alpha 1 chain -4.55 SOSTDC1 sclerostin domain containing 1 -4.55 OGN osteoglycin -4.505 DAPL1 death associated protein like 1 -4.491 C10orf105 chromosome 10 open reading frame 105 -4.491 -
Interplay Between Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Development—A Focus on Ulcerative Colitis
cells Review Interplay between Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Development—A Focus on Ulcerative Colitis Iuliana Samoilă 1 , Sorina Dinescu 1,2,* and Marieta Costache 1,2 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; [email protected] (I.S.); [email protected] (M.C.) 2 Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 16 May 2020; Accepted: 7 July 2020; Published: 9 July 2020 Abstract: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are defined by the continuous inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. During inflammation, the number of pathogens in the intestinal epithelium increases, leading to inflammasome assembly. Inflammasome activation is meant to protect the intestinal epithelial barrier from further damage by maintaining homeostasis. Although its purpose is to protect the cells, excessive nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome assembly is responsible for the synthesis of a high number of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The activation of two crucial pathways, autophagy process, and unfolded protein response, is initiated for restoring homeostasis. Aberrant expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs also interfere with the pathogenic mechanisms of IBD, as these non-coding transcripts play key roles in regulation of biological processes, such as inflammation and immunity. This review thoroughly describes the cellular and molecular mechanism that trigger and perpetuate inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Keywords: inflammasome; NLRP3; autophagy; miRNAs in IBD; inflammatory bowel diseases 1. Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, with alternating phases of clinical relapse and remission [1]. -
ATP8B1 Gene Atpase Phospholipid Transporting 8B1
ATP8B1 gene ATPase phospholipid transporting 8B1 Normal Function The ATP8B1 gene (also known as FIC1) provides instructions for making a protein that is found throughout the body. It is thought to control the distribution of certain fat molecules known as aminophospholipids on the inner surface of liver cell membranes. Based on this role, the ATP8B1 protein is sometimes known as an aminophospholipid translocase. In particular, this protein performs its function in the membranes of liver cells that transport fat-digesting acids called bile acids into bile, and it likely plays a role in maintaining an appropriate balance of bile acids. This process, known as bile acid homeostasis, is critical for the normal secretion of bile and the proper functioning of liver cells. Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis Mutations in the ATP8B1 gene can cause benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 (BRIC1). People with BRIC1 have occasional episodes of impaired bile secretion that lead to severe itching (pruritus), and yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes ( jaundice). Most ATP8B1 gene mutations that cause BRIC1 change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the ATP8B1 protein. These mutations likely alter the structure or function of the ATP8B1 protein only moderately. Through unknown mechanisms, mutations in the ATP8B1 gene result in the buildup of bile acids in liver cells, which leads to the signs and symptoms of BRIC1. It is unclear what causes the episodes to begin or end. On occasion, people with BRIC1 have been later diagnosed with a more severe condition called progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis ( described below) when their symptoms worsened. -
Research Article Identification of ATP8B1 As a Tumor Suppressor Gene for Colorectal Cancer and Its Involvement in Phospholipid Homeostasis
Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2020, Article ID 2015648, 16 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2015648 Research Article Identification of ATP8B1 as a Tumor Suppressor Gene for Colorectal Cancer and Its Involvement in Phospholipid Homeostasis Li Deng,1,2 Geng-Ming Niu,1 Jun Ren,1 and Chong-Wei Ke 1 1Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 2Department of General Surgery, The Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Correspondence should be addressed to Chong-Wei Ke; [email protected] Received 5 May 2020; Revised 16 July 2020; Accepted 17 August 2020; Published 29 September 2020 Academic Editor: Luis Loura Copyright © 2020 Li Deng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Homeostasis of membrane phospholipids plays an important role in cell oncogenesis and cancer progression. The flippase ATPase class I type 8b member 1 (ATP8B1), one of the P4-ATPases, translocates specific phospholipids from the exoplasmic to the cytoplasmic leaflet of membranes. ATP8B1 is critical for maintaining the epithelium membrane stability and polarity. However, the prognostic values of ATP8B1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remain unclear. We analyzed transcriptomics, genomics, and clinical data of CRC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). ATP8B1 was the only potential biomarker of phospholipid transporters in CRC. Its prognostic value was also validated with the data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Compared to the normal group, the expression of ATP8B1 was downregulated in the tumor group and the CRC cell lines, which declined with disease progression. -
Supplementary Table S4. FGA Co-Expressed Gene List in LUAD
Supplementary Table S4. FGA co-expressed gene list in LUAD tumors Symbol R Locus Description FGG 0.919 4q28 fibrinogen gamma chain FGL1 0.635 8p22 fibrinogen-like 1 SLC7A2 0.536 8p22 solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 2 DUSP4 0.521 8p12-p11 dual specificity phosphatase 4 HAL 0.51 12q22-q24.1histidine ammonia-lyase PDE4D 0.499 5q12 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific FURIN 0.497 15q26.1 furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) CPS1 0.49 2q35 carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1, mitochondrial TESC 0.478 12q24.22 tescalcin INHA 0.465 2q35 inhibin, alpha S100P 0.461 4p16 S100 calcium binding protein P VPS37A 0.447 8p22 vacuolar protein sorting 37 homolog A (S. cerevisiae) SLC16A14 0.447 2q36.3 solute carrier family 16, member 14 PPARGC1A 0.443 4p15.1 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha SIK1 0.435 21q22.3 salt-inducible kinase 1 IRS2 0.434 13q34 insulin receptor substrate 2 RND1 0.433 12q12 Rho family GTPase 1 HGD 0.433 3q13.33 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase PTP4A1 0.432 6q12 protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 1 C8orf4 0.428 8p11.2 chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 DDC 0.427 7p12.2 dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase) TACC2 0.427 10q26 transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 2 MUC13 0.422 3q21.2 mucin 13, cell surface associated C5 0.412 9q33-q34 complement component 5 NR4A2 0.412 2q22-q23 nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 EYS 0.411 6q12 eyes shut homolog (Drosophila) GPX2 0.406 14q24.1 glutathione peroxidase -
Autophagy, Unfolded Protein Response, and Neuropilin-1 Cross-Talk in SARS-Cov-2 Infection: What Can Be Learned from Other Coronaviruses
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Autophagy, Unfolded Protein Response, and Neuropilin-1 Cross-Talk in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: What Can Be Learned from Other Coronaviruses Morvarid Siri 1 , Sanaz Dastghaib 2 , Mozhdeh Zamani 1 , Nasim Rahmani-Kukia 3 , Kiarash Roustai Geraylow 4 , Shima Fakher 3, Fatemeh Keshvarzi 3, Parvaneh Mehrbod 5 , Mazaher Ahmadi 6 , Pooneh Mokarram 1,3,* , Kevin M. Coombs 7 and Saeid Ghavami 1,8,9,* 1 Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran; [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (M.Z.) 2 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193635899, Iran; [email protected] 3 Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran; [email protected] (N.R.-K.); [email protected] (S.F.); [email protected] (F.K.) 4 Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 3514799422, Iran; [email protected] 5 Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran; [email protected] 6 Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838695, Iran; [email protected] 7 Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady Citation: Siri, M.; Dastghaib, S.; College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; [email protected] Zamani, M.; Rahmani-Kukia, N.; 8 Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College Geraylow, K.R.; Fakher, S.; Keshvarzi, of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada F.; Mehrbod, P.; Ahmadi, M.; 9 Faculty of Medicine, Katowice School of Technology, 40-555 Katowice, Poland Mokarram, P.; et al.