The Government of Rwanda

E2227 V2 THE GOVERNMENT OF RWANDA Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES (MINAGRI) LAND HUSBANDRY, WATER HARVESTING AND HILLSIDE IRRIGATION (LWH) PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL DRAFT Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) August, 2009 (Revised November 9, 2009) Prepared by Green and Clean Solution Consultants Ltd. Kigali, Rwanda. Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY OF TERMS ..................................................................................................................... 5 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................... 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 8 Project Background........................................................................................................................8 Environmental and Social Requirements..................................................................................10 Safeguard Screening Procedures..............................................................................................10 Environmental and Social Impacts............................................................................................11 Environmental impacts............................................................................................................11 Socio-cultural and Economic Impacts;................................................................................11 Health Impacts..........................................................................................................................11 Positive Impacts.............................................................................................................................12 Reporting and Performance Review Requirements ..............................................................12 Capacity Building and Training..................................................................................................12 Report Structure.............................................................................................................................12 1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 15 1.1 Project Description..................................................................................................................15 1.1.1 Objectives of the Project...............................................................................................15 1.1.1 Objectives of the Project...............................................................................................15 1.2 Project Components ..............................................................................................................15 2.0 METHODOLOGY AND CONSULTATION.......................................................................... 24 2.1 Detailed and in-depth literature review.............................................................................24 2.2 Field Visits ..................................................................................................................................24 2.3 Interactive Discussions ...........................................................................................................25 3.0 BASELINE DATA ................................................................................................................ 26 3.2 Physical Environment..............................................................................................................26 3.2.1 Climate..............................................................................................................................26 3.2.2 Relief ..................................................................................................................................27 3.2.3 Catchment and Hydrology...........................................................................................28 3.2.4 Wetlands ...........................................................................................................................30 3.2.5 Soils.....................................................................................................................................31 3.3 Biological Environment ..........................................................................................................35 3.3.1 Protected areas...............................................................................................................35 3.3.2 Forests ................................................................................................................................35 3.3.3 National Parks/Forest Reserves at a Glance..............................................................35 3.3.4 Relic forests and gallery forests.....................................................................................37 3.4 Biodiversity of wetlands..........................................................................................................37 3.5 Biodiversity in agricultural systems .......................................................................................38 3.5.1 Pastoral zones ..................................................................................................................38 3.5.2 Forestry and tree cultivation .........................................................................................39 3.6 Volcanoes ................................................................................................................................39 3.7 Wildlife .......................................................................................................................................40 3.7.1 Critical Habitats ...............................................................................................................41 3.8 Socio-economic Environment..............................................................................................41 3.8.1 Population and Demographic Characteristics.........................................................41 3.8.2 Human settlements .........................................................................................................43 2 3.8.3 Energy and transport......................................................................................................43 3.8.4 Industry and Mining.........................................................................................................44 3.8.5 Agriculture ........................................................................................................................45 3.8.6 Animal husbandry ...........................................................................................................45 3.9 Summary of Key environmental and Social Issues in proposed project sites..............46 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE, POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ... 47 4.1 National Environmental and Social Management Requirements.........................47 4.2 The Legal, Regulatory and Policy Framework...................................................................47 4.2.1 The 2003 Constitution.............................................................................................47 4.2.2 Law on Environment Protection and Management ................................................47 4.2.3 Law in the Use and Management of Land in Rwanda ...........................................48 4.3 POLICIES....................................................................................................................................48 4.3.1 Vision 2020 ........................................................................................................................48 4.3.2 Rwanda Environmental Policy......................................................................................49 4.3.3 Health Sector Policy........................................................................................................51 4.3.4 Agriculture Policy.............................................................................................................51 4.3.5 Land Policy .......................................................................................................................52 4.3.6 Water and Sanitation Policy..........................................................................................52 4.3.7 National Water Resources Management Policy.......................................................52 4.3.8 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan.........................................................52 4.3.9 National Poverty Reduction Strategy..........................................................................53 4.4 Relevant Institutions ................................................................................................................53 4.4.1 The Ministry of Natural Resources.................................................................................53 4.4.2 Rwanda Environment Management Authority.........................................................54 4.4.3 Rwanda Development Board ......................................................................................55 5.0 DESCRIPTION OF WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS POLICIES AND TRIGGERS ............................................................................................................

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