B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

CHAPTER

3

EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter shall look on physical environment of the Project site and its surrounding environment. The sources mainly from various published reports, authority data, articles and maps. Field works to determine the baseline values have also been undertaken for verification and confirmation purposes.

3.2 TOPOGRAPHY

Topographical feature of extraction area on lot 177251 of the Project site is located in limestone hill area as northeast part of Gunung Lanno formation. The nearest prominent peak is Gunung Lanno (407 meter) about 500 meter southwest of the Project boundary. The Project site is generally consisting of undulated sloping limestone hill with elevation ranging from 80 meter to 200 meter above mean sea level (MSL). The contour relatively decline from north to south direction with limestone wall majority nearby of the boundaries except on east and part of north sections which is continued with attached hill formation. Flat land is very limited and just at toe of the limestone wall. The other lots for processing, stockpiles and administrative areas, the lands are totally under flat land formation.

On the surrounding areas, topographical profile of the areas is relatively part of the same hill formation with north part of the hill currently developed by operating quarries. The flat land is available on vicinity of the surrounding limestone hills. At further distance, similar environment exist with another formation of limestone hills on the northeast and granite hills on the east. Generally, the regional topographical plan of the surrounding Project site is depicted in Figure 3-1.

3.3 GEOLOGY

The Project site is located on an area where the regional rock type is limestone bedrock and limestone hills formation. It was observed during the field study that the limestone pinnacles are well exposed in some part of the hills with several quarrying operation progressively done. In order to obtain a proper understanding of the geology of the Project site, the regional geological setting includes the Gunung Lanno is shown in Figure 3-2.

The limestone bedrock stretches eastwards from town across Gunung Datuk to the hilly terrain of Gunung Lampas and the headwaters of Sungai Raia and Sungai Anak Ayer China. The area also covers southwards region past Simpang Pulai area and Gunung Lanno down to area. Geomorphologically, the immediate area to the Project site are consists of the following features:

1. The low-lying floor of , west of a north-south line defined by , Gunung Tunggal and Gunung Lengkun.

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F3-1 – Topography map

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F3-2 – Regional geological map

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2. A number of isolated, pinnacle hills with precipitous sides (mogotes) that stand out prominently above the valley floor. Deep hollows or 'wangs' caused by solution are present within these hills. 3. The rugged and mountainous terrain to the east is Gunung Terendum separated by a low land where the North-South Highway is located.

The rock types found in the regional area are mostly limestone with very subordinate amount of schist, and phyllite. These rocks belong to one of two lithostratigraphic units of the Kinta Limestone.

The Kinta Limestone It is a predominantly calcareous unit that underlies the plains of Kinta Valley and is also well exposed in the prominent pinnacle hills (mentioned above), that stand out from the low lying areas of the valley. This unit consists mainly of pure crystalline, whitish to pale grey limestone/marble with a fine to coarse-grained texture. Mineralogically, calcite is the predominant species. Darker grey rocks to almost dark varieties occur where carbonaceous or argillaceous materials are present.

The best exposures of Kinta Limestone are at Gunung Datuk, Gunung Terendum, Gunung Lanno, Gunung Rapat, Gunung Keroh, Gunung Kerang Besar and Gunung Kerang Kecil. Elsewhere in the flat areas, except in localities where tin mining has removed the overburden, limestone are not so well exposed. Minor pelitic rocks like schist and phyllite are interbedded in the limestone and become prominent enough to be mapped in a few localities as in the following:

1. A narrow tract between Gunung Terendum and the adjacent granite hills. 2. An area of less than 3.3 square km west of Gunung Rapat. 3. Two narrow tracts east and west of the southern part of Gunung Datuk.

Kinta Limestone has previously been called 'Calcareous Series' by Ingham & Bradford (1960) who assigned a Carboniferous age to it, based on correlation with similar rocks of this age in . This unit was later renamed Kinta Limestone and its age revised to Silurian-Permian, based on more reliable correlation with similar rocks in , and Kampar. At Chemor (Gunung Kanthan), conodont microfossils indicate a Silurian-Devonian age while many species of macrofossils ranging from corals- gastropods-brachiopods-nautiloids at Batu Gajah and at Kampar indicate a Devonian - Carboniferous-Permian age. The Kinta Limestone extends north where it peters out near . Towards the south in area it has also been called 'Tualang Limestone'.

3.3.1 Local Geology

The Project site is located at north part of Gunung Lanno and its surrounding area, which is made up entirely of the crystalline limestone/marble component of the Kinta Limestone. At this hill the rock consists entirely of massive, recrystallised limestone/marble of a white to grey colour with some dark colour and minor pink varieties. Its texture ranges from fine to medium to coarse-grained. Whether fine or coarse-grained, most have a homogenous texture; pattern textured types are present only in lesser.

In terms of chemical composition this limestone is of the high calcium, low magnesium and low iron type and therefore has a very wide range of uses. Due to their favourable chemical composition of the rocks of the hills, the limestone hills areas are well known for their commercial use. The relatively number of existing quarries and approved Project areas, both of which cover a large part of the entire acreage of the hill, are evidences of this. The known uses of this limestone include rock aggregates for construction, terrazzo; ornamental stones such as vases, table tops, floor tiles; calcium carbonate powders for pharmaceuticals, fillers, paints, paper; quicklime and cement manufacturing. The derived products are of a quality acceptable for the export market.

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3.4 SOILS

The Great Soil Group classified by Panton (1964) has given a broad description of Malaysian soils. More detailed description was done by Leamy and Panton (1966) where soil in Peninsular has been divided conveniently into four major groups which are Steepland Soils, Sedimentary Soils, Alluvial Soils, Peats and Organic Soils.

Based on Malaysian soil map produced by the Department of Agriculture, the primary soil of the extraction area of the Project site falls into Steepland soils category, a regular soil found in mountainous range. Soil in vicinity of the hilly area and other quarry facilities area consists mainly of sand, clay and sandy clay of alluvial Holyrood – Lunas type of soil which mainly occurs in between of intermediate and higher terraces land. Regional soil setting of the Project is shown in Figure 3-3. Description of those soil type categories is as follows;

Steepland Category Areas with slopes in excess of 38% are designated as steepland on the soil map. In fact, the extraction area of the Project site is marked as steepland in the soil map. These areas are considered to be unsuitable for agricultural development as they are subjected to severe soil erosion when cleared for development.

Holyrood-Lunas Category The main properties of Holyrood Series are yellowish brown to brownish yellow with soil structures in form of coarse clayey sand and mainly found on sub recent terraces in the Peninsular Malaysia. The soil size is small at a lower grade. It is medium impermeable and mostly occurs at flat to undulated terrain. Under USDA Soil Taxonomy, the series specifications are Typic Kondudult, fine loamy, kaolinitic and isohyperthermic. Normally, this soil type is applicable for plantation such as oil palm, cocoa, rubber trees, coconut, fruits and also short term plantation.

3.5 CLIMATE

The Project area experiences an equatorial type of climate, which is characterized by warm and humid weather all the year round. As with the rest of the country, it is under the influence of Asian Monsoon system. There are two distinct monsoon seasons, the Northeast Monsoon (from November to March) and the Southwest Monsoon (from May to September) between which are the inter-monsoon or transition months.

3.5.1 Source of Data

No meteorological observations are available at the Project site. However, Malaysian Meteorological Department has maintained a principal meteorological station at Ipoh station as representative for the Project site meteorological observation. The station is located at latitude N 040 34', longitude E 1010 06' at elevation 40.1 meter above mean sea level (MSL). The meteorological data taken at the station include surface winds, temperature, rainfall and relative humidity as attached in Appendix 3-1.

3.5.2 Rainfall

The average annual rainfall measured at Ipoh station for 30 years period in between of 1982 until 2011 is about 2,631.2 mm. The lowest level of 1,827.7 mm and highest level of 3,528.8 mm was recorded in 1992 and 2008, respectively. Table 3-1 illustrates the mean monthly and annual rainfall recorded at station together with lowest and highest levels for relevant years.

Number of rainy days pattern over the month within the years differs significantly. The mean annual rain days are about 202 days. The highest and lowest mean occurred in 2003 and 2002 with recorded 229 days and 168 days, respectively. Detail of monthly average of this rain days is also illustrated in Table 3-1.

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F3-3 –Regional Soil setting

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Table 3-1: Annual Rainfall and Raindays at Ipoh Station

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3.5.3 Temperature And Relative Humidity

The 24 hour mean annual temperature at Ipoh station that represent the Project area are based on 30 years period data starting from 1982 until 2011 is shown in Table 3- 2. The recorded mean annual temperature is 27.20C with annual mean daily maximum temperature of 28.00C (1998 & 2002) and annual mean daily minimum temperature of 25.60C (2008). Month of March is considered as the hottest month, while month of December as the coolest month.

The average annual 24-hour mean relative humidity for 30 years period is about 81.7% (Table 3-2) with the mean monthly minimum and maximum level at 79.0% and 85.5%, respectively. The monthly variations coincide with dry and wet seasons. It is expected that the Project site will experience a similar range of humidity.

3.5.4 Wind Profiles

The annual and quarterly wind rose summary profiles recorded at Ipoh station average over 30 years period started on 1982 to 2011 is listed in Table 3-3 and illustrated in Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5, respectively. Based on annual summary, the maximum speed up to range of 5.5-7.9 m/s. The calm weather occur about 17.3 %.

Based on quarterly profile, May to September period has shown majority of wind come from northeast direction. On the contrary, November to March period, the prevailing wind came from northeast direction. During both periods, the range of 5.5-7.9 m/s has been reached.

The calm weather occur more in second period range with record up to 16.0% if compared to the first period range where the percentage is about 18.6%. For transition months of April and October, maximum wind directions are predominantly came from northeast direction for both months. The calm weather for the period is about 18.0% for month of April and 16.0% for month of October.

3.6 SURFACE HYDROLOGY

The Project site is located within water catchment area of water supply since there are water intakes at further downstream of the area. The nearest water intake is at Sg. Terap which is about 12.0 km south of Project site.

There is no stream flowing within the extraction area of the Project site. However there is a new small pond to be found at nearby adjacent south of the area. The pond is upstream the proposed sedimentation pond for the extraction area. Source of water of the pond is from the groundwater. The discharge is flowing west through constructed earth drain beside the rubber plantation area before reach Sg. Raia located about 100 meter southwest of the Project area. Runoff from the proposed extraction area shall enter the proposed sediment pond before flow to that drain.

For stockpile area and quarry facilities area, similarly, there is no stream flowing within the area. Runoff from that area will flow on floor of the adjacent quarry before of enter existing pond within lot 301573 where stockpiles and quarry facilities is located. The discharged is through earth drain to another pond at northwest toe of the limestone hill located beside the access road before discharge to earth drain crossing vegetables farm and finally flow to Sg. Raia.

Sg.Raia as the main stream of the region will joint Sg. Terap and finally flow to Sg. Kinta and eventually Sg. Perak where some water intakes available on further downstream areas. For reference, regional surface hydrology of the area can be seen in Figure 3-6.

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Table 3-2: Annual Temperature And Annual Relative Humidity

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Table 3-3: Annual and Quarterly Wind Rose Summary Profile

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F3-4-Annual 24 hour wind rose summary

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F3-5-Quarterly 24 hour wind rose summary

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F3-6-regional surface hydrology

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3.7 WATER QUALITY

3.7.1 Water Quality Standards

The Department of Environment has characterized water quality to a set of criteria by which water bodies are classified into five classes based on prevailing quality of water in relation to various downstream needs. These classes have been used as guidelines to determine water quality of water body in the Interim National Water Quality Standards.

National Water Quality Standard (NWQS) Generally, this standard will only involve quality of water for water body such as stream or other natural water bodies. It is specifically tailored for local environment valuations and interpretation of water quality data gathered to evaluate quality of water in order to define maximum levels of residual pollutants conducive for maintaining watercourses at their identified beneficial uses.

The beneficial uses has been divided to five classes, where for each parameter there are respective limit in order to considered the water quality fall into the respective classes. The list parameters and the limits based on NWQS classes are shown in Table 3-4.

Table 3-4: National Water Quality Standard

Parameter Class Unit I IIA IIB III IV V AN mg/l 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.9 2.7 >2.7 BOD mg/l 1 3 3 6 12 >12 COD mg/l 10 25 25 50 100 >100 DO mg/l 7 5-7 5-7 3-5 <3 <1 Ph 6.5-8.5 6-9 6-9 5-9 5-9 - Colour TCU 15 150 150 - - - Conductivity* umhos 1000 1000 - - 6000 - /cm Floatables N N N - - - Odour N N N - - - Salinity % 0.5 1 - - 2 - Taste N N N - - - TDS mg/l 500 1000 - - 4000 - TSS mg/l 25 50 50 150 300 300 Temperature qC - Normal Normal - - +2qC +2qC Turbidity NTU 5 50 50 - - - Feacal Counts 10 100 400 5000 5000 - Coliform** /100 ml (20000)a (20000)a Total Counts 100 5000 5000 50000 50000 >50000 Coliform /100 ml Source: Department of Environment

Notes: N No visible floatable materials or debris, or No objectionable odour, or no objectionable waste. * Related parameters, only one recommended for use. ** Geometric mean. a Maximum not to be exceeded.

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CLASS Uses I Conservation of natural environment water supply I – practically no treatment necessary. Fishery I – very sensitive aquatic species. IIA Water supply II – conventional treatment required. Fishery II – sensitive aquatic species. IIB Recreational use with body contact. III Water supply III – extensive treatment required. Fishery III – common, of economic value and tolerant species livestock drinking. IV Irrigation. V Other waters which do not meet any of the above uses. Source: Department of Environment

3.7.2 Existing Water Quality Status

Water quality status of principal watercourses for the Project area is the existing earth drains on nearby south and northwest of the area that finally discharge into Sg. Raia. For the main stream, it is on the upstream and downstream of both final drains discharges which is the Sg. Raia. The existing water quality was assessed based on information garnered from ad hoc water quality monitoring exercises carried out during the course of this EIA study.

3.7.3 Sampling Locations

Water sampling for the purposed of this EIA study was taken at five (5) stations. The samples were taken at upstream (W1) and downstream (W2) of existing south drain, upstream (W3) and downstream (W4) of Sg. Raia and existing northwest drain (W5). Location of sampling stations is shown in Figure 3-7 and the description is shown in Table 3-5.

Table 3-5: Water Sampling Locations

Monitoring Latitude Sampling Location Station Longitude Date N04q31’32.68” Upstream of earth drain on nearby W1 E101q8’33.26” south of Project site. N04q31’25.23” Downstream of earth drain on nearby W2 E101q8’25.16” west of the Project site. 26.01.2013 N04q32’0.56” W3 Upstream of Sg. Raia E101q8’13.50” N04q30’59.90” W4 Downstream of Sg. Raia. E101q8’16.63” N04q31’45.06” Earth drain on northwest of the W5 26.02.2013 E101q8’22.61” Project site.

3.7.4 Data Analyses And Results

Water samplings and in-situ measurement were carried out on the same day the samples being taken. Laboratory analyses were done on other days later. Water temperatures were analyzed in-situ during the sampling exercises. Samples for non- conservative but preservable parameters and other conservative preservable parameters were analyzed at the laboratory. Analyses were carried out in accredited laboratory according to the specified standard methods. To evaluate status of current water quality, results of analyses are compared to NWQS Class III as shown in Table 3-4. Results obtained from water sampling exercise are presented in Table 3-6. Certificates of analysis for sampling waters are enclosed in Appendix 3-2.

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Figure 3-7: Sampling location

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Table 3-6: Results of Water Quality Analysis

Water Samples No. NWQS Parameters Unit W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 III Normal Temperature 0C 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.8 28.0 +2qC pH 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.04 5.0–9.0 Turbidity NTU 21 48 44 50 2.2 - DO mg/L 7.6 8.0 7.1 5.9 6.63 3–5 BOD mg/L ND<2 ND<2 ND<2 ND<2 10 6 AN mg/L ND<1 ND<1 ND<1 ND<1 <0.07 0.9 COD mg/L 4 ND<1 4 ND<1 16 50 TSS mg/L 36 53 25 30 15 150 Oil & Grease mg/L ND<5 ND<5 6 ND<5 1 - Total CFU/ 70 17 5 33 - 50,000 Coliforms 100ml Fecal CFU/ 2 5 ND<1 8 - 5,000-20,000 Coliforms 100ml Note: ND –Not Detected Bold figure –Exceed the limit

Generally, majority of water quality parameters analyzed is satisfactory. No water quality monitoring station maintained by the Department of Environment in vicinity of the Project. Thus, no comparison of monitoring results may be carried out. Understandably, the sampling results represent only the conditions prevailing during sampling exercises. Brief accounts on selected water quality parameters are presented in the following paragraphs;

Temperature The temperature is normal (thermally unpolluted) and favourable for dissolved oxygen. The readings are in the range of 26.8-28.0qC which is complied with the standard.

pH Significant adverse pH levels were observed from collected samples. The analyses show that all samples have pH value ranging from 7.04 to 8.0 which is complied with the standard requirement.

Turbidity Turbidity results are ranging from 2.2–50 NTU. As the water quality categorized in class III of NWQS, there is no comparable limit available.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels in water basically depend on two main factors, its production and its consumption. The results for all water samples are complied to NWQS Class III standard, which are ranging from 5.9 mg/l to 8.0 mg/l. Only low level of DO indicates high organic loading which may otherwise pose serious impediment to biological activities of water body. Thus, DO is a vital component for living organism in any water body system.

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) BOD is normally used as an indicator for organic loading of natural water body. The level of BOD indicates total of oxygen consumed by aerobic bacteria to decompose organic matter within certain time limit and temperature. BOD level is also reflective to DO level. If the level of BOD is high, it indicates high organic loading and therefore, reduces the DO level in water body. Results of all samples analyzed for BOD shows that the level <2 mg/l and complied to the standard except for point W5 which is 10.0 mg/l.

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Ammonical Nitrogen (AN) When nitrogenous organic matter is destroyed by microbiological activity, ammonia is produced. Higher concentration occurs in water polluted by sewage, fertilizers, agricultural wastes or industrial wastes containing organic nitrogen. The presence of excessive concentration of AN and phosphorus may leads to eutrophication which reduce DO. Eutrophication shall impede regeneration of benthic organisms and quality of water ecosystem. The AN level for all samples shows low presence of nutrients, AN and phosphorus. All results are <1 mg/l except for W5 <0.07 mg/l which are complied to the standard.

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Concentration of COD measures the presence of non-biodegradable matter in water body. It may act as indicator of chemical pollution in any waterbody. Analyses of COD usually are act as complement to BOD analyses. The COD levels of water samples are in the range of <1 mg/l to 16mg/l. These values are complied to the mentioned standard. That means those results indicate that matters able to be oxidizing chemically are generally satisfied.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) TSS in water is indicative of presence of inorganic and organic particles and immiscible liquids. These materials are common constituents of surface water due to water erosion and may include silt, clay, plant fibres and biological solids. Standard limit for TSS level is 150 mg/l. TSS for all samples show the results are in the range of 25 mg/l to 53 mg/l which is complied with the standard level.

Oil and Grease (O&G) The results are in the range of 1 mg/l to 6 mg/l which is complied with the standard level.

Total Coliforms Total coliforms bacteria are not likely to cause illness, but their presence indicates that your water supply may be vulnerable to contamination by more harmful microorganisms. The results are ranging from 5 to 33 CFU/100 ml which is complied with the standard limit.

Faecal Coliforms The presence of fecal coliforms in aquatic environments may indicate that the water has been contaminated with the fecal material of humans or other animals. Fecal coliforms are contributed from direct discharge of waste from mammals and birds, agricultural and storm runoff, and from human sewage. From the results, reading for faecal coliforms are ranging from ND<1 to 8 CFU/100 ml which is comparable to NWQS Class III.

3.7.5 Water Quality Index

The use of Water Quality Index (WQI) has been introduced to rate water quality of a watercourse. The WQI relates a group of selected water quality parameters to a common scale and combines them into a single number. It is applied to gauge the degree of water pollution of watercourse as well as to classify the water body into an appropriate beneficial use. For reference, the DOE WQI is summarized in Table 3-7. The main objectives of WQI is to establish baseline water quality status as well as facilitating prediction of possible changes that will take place within main water sources or major water bodies. The basic parameters that been selected to determine the value is as follows and the class ranges is shown in Table 3-8.

1. Ammonical Nitrogen (AN) 2. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) 3. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 4. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 5. pH 6. Total Suspended Solid (TSS)

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Table 3-7: General Rating For Water Quality Index

Transport Public Aquatic Agriculture River Water of WQI General Water Leisure And and Class Passage Treated Supply Wildlife Industry Waste 100 Treatment Treatment Excellent Class I Not Not Required Required

90 Suitable Suitable Minimum For All For All Minimum Treatment Types Of Fish Treatment Good Class II Required Water Types Required Sport For Water 80 Quality

Industrial

Use

70 Minimu Extensive More m Treatment Treatment Suitable Polluted. Limit For Class III Required Not Slightly Still Haruan Required Polluted Suitable. 60 Sensitiv For Normal Bacteria e Industrial Counting Fish Use Suitable Required Species Doubtful 50 Body Contact Very Extensive Water Doubtful Treatment Sport Required Doubtful For 40 Non Body Most Class IV Contact Industrial

Water Use Polluted Sport

30 Non Water Pollution Pollution Quality More More Industrial Visible Visible Use Not 20 Suitable

Not

Suitable

Class V Very Not Not Not 10 Polluted Suitable Suitable Suitable

Not

Suitable

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Table 3-8: Water Quality Index Classes

Class Parameter Unit I II III IV V AN mg/l <0.1 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.9 0.9-2.7 >2.7 BOD mg/l <1 1-3 3-6 6-12 >12 COD mg/l <10 10-25 25-50 50-100 >100 DO mg/l >7 5-7 3-5 1-3 <1 pH <7.0 6.0-7.0 5.0-6.0 <5.0 >5.0 TSS mg/l <25 25-50 50-150 150-300 >300 WQI >92.7 76.5-92.7 51.9-76.5 31.0-51.9 <31.0 Description Least Moderately Most polluted polluted polluted Source: Department of Environment

The above water quality parameters are used to calculate the index. The sub-index for each parameter is based on ninety percentile values. Result of each sub-index will further calculate to determine the WQI using the following equation where SI is a sub- index value for each designated parameter;

WQI = (0.22 x SIDO) + (0.19 x SIBOD) + (0.16 x SICOD) + (0.15 x SIAN) + (0.16 x SITSS) + (0.12 x SIpH)

Based on laboratory results and the above formula, water quality index for sampling works done for this study are shown in Table 3-9. Based on the results, samples at all stations fall under Class III category. This means the present status water quality on nearby the Project site is moderately polluted.

Table 3-9: Water Quality Index of Sampling Waters

Station WQI Class Description W1 73.2 Class III Moderately polluted W2 72.7 Class III Moderately polluted W3 74.1 Class III Moderately polluted W4 74.4 Class III Moderately polluted W5 72.8 Class III Moderately polluted

3.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Ad hoc 24 hours measurement for dust content using High Volume Sampler equipment was undertaken to determine the existing ambient dust content in the air for the air quality baseline study. The air quality was assessed in term of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) level for the study area. Measurements were carried out at four locations denoted as A1, A2, A3 and A4 in Figure 3-7. Baseline monitoring was started on 26 January 2013 at sampling points as described in Table 3-10. The results were compared to the 3 Malaysian Recommended Air Quality Guidelines (MRAQG) limit of 260 μg/m .

During measurements, there is no activity on site and the weather is fine and sunny. Contribution factors to the results mainly from nearby operating quarries activities, factories and vehicles passing by on nearby unpaved road and the trunk road. Activities took place in Kg. Tanjong are mainly the daily routine of the residents. The results are shown in Table 3-10 and copy of monitoring report is enclosed in Appendix 3-3. Based on the results, level of pollutants for the measured sampling points are below Malaysia Recommended Air Quality Guidelines. This shows that existing activities does not give significant impact to the quality of ambient air in terms of measured pollutants.

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Table 3-10: TSP Baseline Monitoring Results

Monitoring Latitude TSP MRAQG Location Date Station Longitude (μg/m3) (μg/m3) N 04q31’354.50” Within Project Site 26 Jan A1 63.3 E 101q8’ 33.51” (south) 2013 N 04q31’ 51.83” Within project site 26 Jan A2 72.9 E 101q8’26.73” (north) 2013 N 04q31’ 55.51” Residential area of 260 26 Jan A3 E 101q8’17.02” Kg. Tanjong 55.7 2013 (northwest) N 04q32’ 4.79” Residential area of 26 Jan A4 56.3 E101q8’32.72” Kg. Tanjong (north) 2013

3.9 AMBIENT NOISE QUALITY

Under Planning Guidelines For Environmental Noise Limits And Control issued by the Department Of Environment, 2004, the impact of noise level is depend on receiving land use. In case of this Project, the monitoring works is concern on the impact to the nearest settlement areas. Based on the guidelines, it shall fall under medium density residential where the permissible limits are listed in Table 3-11.

Table 3-11: Guidelines For Environmental Noise Limits

Location Time Permissible Limits Suburban residential areas. Day time 55 dBA Night time 45 dBA Designated Industrial Zones Day time 70 dBA Night time 60 dBA

To confirm ambient noise level of area of interests, ad-hoc noise measurements were carried out during day time and night time to determine the baseline level on those areas. The monitoring was measured for 24 hours at four (4) locations as shown in Figure 3-7. Four locations for sampling points are denoted as N1, N2, N3 and N4 as shown in Table 3-12. Summary of results also shown in Table 3-13 and the details is enclosed in Appendix 3-4.

Based on the results, reading for N1 and N2 are below DOE recommended limit. However, reading for N3 and N4 during day time (55 dBA) and night time (45 dBA) exceeding the limits. High reading of noise results at N3 during day time due to nearby operating quarries and night time may be due insect from vegetated and bushes areas. However for N4, the high reading during day time contributed by heavy vehicle passing by from the trunk road whereas high reading during night time probably due to noisy from insects.

3.10 TRAFFIC

The main access route to the Project site is via existing Jalan Simpang Pulai –Cameron Highland road (A181). Any activities associated to this Project shall invariably impact the level of service of this road. Since there is no annual study on traffic volume of the said road carried out by Highway Planning Unit (HPU), the data from the nearest station AR303 (Route 1) located at Km 5.6 of Ipoh – Gopeng Road shall be used for this EIA study. The HPU census indicates traffic fluctuation over the past 10 years (2002-2011) with average increase of 4.47% traffic growth rate.

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B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Table 3-12: Ambient Noise Baseline Monitoring Results

Latitude Noise Level Permissible Station Location Longitude Date (Leq)(dBA) Limits (dBA) Day Night

Within Project N 04q31’35.92” 26 Jan Daytime = 70 N1 50.7 52.2 Site (south) E 101q8’32.09” 2013 Night time= 60

Within project N 04q31’51.83” 26 Jan Daytime = 70 N2 57.7 57.2 site (north) E 101q8’26.73” 2013 Night time= 60 Residential area of Kg. N 04q31’55.51” 26 Jan Daytime = 55 N3 59.8 60.9 Tanjong E 101q8’17.02” 2013 Night time= 45 (northwest) Residential N 04q32’ 4.79” 26 Jan Daytime = 55 N4 area of Kg. 65.3 64.9 E101q8’32.72” 2013 Night time= 45 Tanjong(north) Note: Bold figure is above the limits.

Generally, car and taxis are dominated traffic composition. However, the value needs to be adjusted to reflect vehicle classification by using concept of equivalent passenger car unit (pcu). This means converting each vehicle classification into their passenger car equivalent. Table 3-13 shows the equivalent factor and its average percentage vehicles contribution. While, the average annual growth rate in traffic volume based on the corresponding 16-hour volume data is depicted in Table 3-14.

Table 3-13: Equivalent PCU And Percentage Vehicles Distribution

Passenger Car Percentage Vehicles Distribution Vehicle Type Equivalent Station AR303 1. Car And Taxis 1.00 71.4 2. Van and Utilities 2.00 6.7 3. Medium Lorries 2.50 3.5 4. Heavy Lorries 3.00 0.7 5. Buses 3.00 0.9 6. Motorcycles 1.00 16.9 Source: Highway Planning Unit (2011)

Table 3-14: Traffic Volume History And Normal Growth

Traffic Volume Year Station AR 303 2002 57,666 2003 56,044 2004 57,852 2005 58,955 2006 62,597 2007 64,866 2008 71,205 2009 79,513 2010 84,315 2011 73,487 Average Normal Growth 4.47 Source: Highway Planning Unit (2011)

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B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

3.11 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Currently, natural biological resources on part of the Project site and some parts of its immediate surrounding areas especially on limestone hills have been disturbed by the previous and current human activities especially quarry activities. As the Project site involves four lots, only one lot at south as the extraction area is still naturally remains.

For the surrounding, it was already affected by existing quarry activities, factories, vegetables farming, rubber plantation and settlement areas. Only on the immediate east of the extraction area and it nearby south, the natural biological is still remains. Since the natural environment of the extraction area of the Project site still remain, some emphasis can be placed on impacts on residual biological environment. With staging development is proposed, the biological environment will be further enhanced to ensure that conservation of biological values is still viable maintained for long term period before the area fully disturbed.

3.11.1 Flora

The extraction area of the Project site are comprises of undisturbed limestone forest which is rich and unique ecosystem where the ‘Dipterocarp Forest’ thrive on the limestone outcrop. The canopy is slightly uneven ranging from 10 to 15 m high. Mostly terrestrial vegetation within the Project site is covered by small trees and shrubs. For surrounding 3 km radius, daily activities such as quarries, ex-mining land, farm and residential are dominant activities occurred. Therefore, natural flora is poor for 3-km surrounding area due to human intrusion.

Generally, there are three basic types of vegetation occurring namely as limestone hill vegetation, secondary vegetation and vegetation on residential and settlement areas. Secondary vegetation can be found on areas where overburden still exists after primary vegetation was cleared or after levelling process on certain development that was left for a period of time. Fruit trees usually found in settlement areas, while and landscape vegetation can be found in residential areas.

3.11.2 Fauna

The extraction area of the Project site still contains wildlife due to no other development has encroached into the area. Mainly the species is small size animal since the hill formation is quite high for large size animal to live in. But, some parts at the vicinity, existing quarrying operation, factories and sand extraction activities already disturbed the diversity of the environment, thus very minimal wildlife available on the area. Quite a few species of birds, reptiles and amphibians were observed surrounding the area. None of these animals is considered as endangered species. Since there still major part of nearby limestone hills that not develop, therefore, wildlife from the Project site is expected to migrate to those areas when the quarry starts the operation.

3.12 HUMAN ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC

The Project area is lies on majority immediate surrounding by limestone hills, operating quarries and downstream limestone industry with the nearest residential area is 200 meter from crushing and extraction areas. Issues such as dust dispersion, noise, blasting and accident hazard mainly due to those activities may have some impacts to the nearest settlement area which is Kg. Tanjong. Since the surrounding areas the quarry activities have been long operated, these settlement areas are already prone to some issues related to quarrying activities. Therefore, it is expected that no problem will be raised for the Project operation to start.

For within 3 km radius, even there are a few other settlement areas such as Kg. Sengat, Kg. Kepayang, Kg. Sg. Ular,Kg, Kurnia, Simpang Sindu, Taman Chandan Desa, Taman Pulai Jaya, Taman Muda and Simpang Pulai town on further northwest to southwest of the Project site, the areas are quite irrelevant due to the distance quite far from the Project area and on location is on the other side of the PLUS highway.

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B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

3.12.1 Basic Amenities

All settlement areas within 3 km radius area of the Project site are provided with infrastructures and utilities such as electric supply, pipe water and good surface road. Good system of road connecting all residential areas is available. The areas also provided with basic amenities for community benefits. Some of the amenities are mosque, schools, police station, bomba station and sundry shops, while the other main amenities are mostly available in Simpang Pulai town.

3.12.2 Population

The total number of population of the surrounding areas of the Project site is gathered from population data for Perak state for year 2010 as listed in Taburan Penduduk Mengikut Kawasan Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan Dan Mukim. The areas directly relevant to the Project site shall be the population of Mukim Sungai Raia. The details for Mukim Sungai Raia and as listed in Table 3-15.

Table 3-15: Population Statistics Surrounding the Project Site

Mukim Sungai Particulars Kinta District Raia Ethnics Malays 17,845 293,607 Chinese 7,085 318,744 Indian 1,733 104,831 Other Bumiputra 1,721 8,022 Others 32 1,720 Non-Malaysian Citizen 1,290 22,550 TOTAL 29,706 749,474 Gender Male 14,587 373,407 Female 15,119 376,067 Households 7,357 197,576 Living Quarters 9,211 234,612 Age Group 0-4 year 2,370 46,511 5-9 year 3,244 61,790 10-14 year 2,769 69,765 15-19 year 3,035 73,817 20-24 year 2,381 66,305 25-29 year 2,478 53,403 30-34 year 2,713 49,330 35-39 year 2,184 50,153 40-44 year 1,673 53,101 45-49 year 1,589 49,294 50-54 year 1,459 45,587 55-59 year 1,102 38,852 60-64 year 1,357 32,817 65-69 year 544 22,192 70-74 year 381 17,412 75+ year 427 19,145 Source:Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010

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B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Based on population of Mukim Sungai Raia statistic, the main population accounted is about 60.1% is Malays, Chinese (23.9%), Indians (5.8%) and the remaining are other races and foreigner. Majority of population is from the early up to middle age generation between 0 to 40 years old with tendency of number of population decreasing for higher age especially above 55 years old.

3.12.3 Awareness And Perception

In view that the surrounding Project area also have activities pertaining to quarrying operation, the general perception of the people are quite understandable to quarry operation and its related activities as long as they are being carried out in an orderly manner. The existence of such activities have created business resulting in creation of employment opportunities. In fact, become part of their livelihood and to some become their place of work. They have been living in similar environment for many years.

3.12.4 Socio Economic

Generally, the main socio-economic activity of the surrounding Project site is related to quarry and its downstream industries, public and private sectors and also self- employed. Some of the population are also working in the nearby quarry industry.

3.13 EXISTING LAND USE

The whole Project site is still remains as natural limestone hills and similar on the immediate surrounding east and south part of the area. The southwest part, the flat ground was covered by matured rubber plantation.

There are existing operating quarries in immediate north surrounding the Project site operated by Zariff Sdn. Bhd. and Thang Kiang Nam Trading Sdn. Bhd. At further east and northeast there are more limestone quarries, a granite quarry and its downstream industries. Those quarries ranging from small scale, medium and large scale which produce aggregates and marble blocks.

The nearest industry next to the Project site is SR Marble Sdn. Bhd. producing limestone marble on west of the extraction area and a lime kiln operated by Zariff Sdn. Bhd. on northeast of the area. There is a sand extraction activities operated by Kepayang Resources Sdn. Bhd. at adjacent south of SR Marble Sdn. Bhd. On further north before the trunk road, there is 2 small conventional lime powder factory. Other than that, there is a transmission line from the trunk road to SR Marble Sdn. Bhd. factory.

The nearest residential area from the Project extraction area boundary are located about 200 meter on northwest and 500 meter north on opposite site of the trunk road both under Kg Tanjong. Compared to other Project lots, the site office facilities is located on lot not far from the northwest residential.

The extraction site of the Project is still in natural environment while the surrounding vicinity has been fundamentally affected by the existing quarrying activities and other downstream limestone industries, as such less significant conservation values remain. The land use profile within 3 km radius of the Project site is summarized in Table 3-16 and illustrated in Figure 3-8 and the aerial google view of the site is shown in Figure 3-9.

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B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Table 3-16: General Land Use Profiles Surrounding The Project Site

Sector Direction Land Use Profile 1. North Kg. Tanjong, Sg. Raia, limestone hills, Simpang Pulai- Cameron Highland road, PLUS 2. Northeast Quarries, lime kiln, factories, limestone hills, Simpang Pulai- Cameron Highland road 3. East Limestone hills, quarries 4. Southeast Limestone hills 0 - 1 km 5. South Sg. Raia, limestone hills 6. Southwest Sg. Raia, rubber plantation, residential, Ipoh-Gopeng road. 7. West SR Marble Sdn. Bhd. Simpang Pulai-Cameron Highland road, Sg. Raia, PLUS, residential, , Bomba 8. Northwest Simpang Pulai- Cameron Highland road, Sg. Raia, Kg. Tanjong, Taman Cnadan Desa 1. North Sg. Raia, PLUS, limestone hills, quarries, ponds 2. Northeast Quarries, ponds, Simpang Pulai- Cameron Highland road, powder plants 3. East Limestone hills, industrial area, ponds 4. Southeast Limestone hills, ponds, farms, Tungzen Industrial Park 1 - 2 km 5. South PLUS, Jalan Ipoh-Gopeng, Tungzen Industrial Park, temples 6. Southwest Kg. Kepayang, Ipoh-Gopeng road 7. West Simpang Pulai town, Police station, Taman Pulai Jaya, residential 8. Northwest Kg. Sengat, limestone hills, Taman Chandan Desa 1. North PLUS, limestone hills, ponds, quarries 2. Northeast Gunung Terendum, Simpang Pulai –Cameron Highland road, limestone hills 3. East Granite hills, quarry, plantation area 4. Southeast Secondary forest, pond, ex-mining land, residential 2 - 3 km 5. South Kg. Kurnia, Simpang Sindu, Sg. Sindu, Sg. Raia ponds 6. Southwest Kg. Sg. Ular, Sg. Raia, shrubs, ponds 7. West Taman Merawan, Gunung Keroh, Taman Botani, residential, limestone hills 8. Northwest Limestone hills, pond, Kg. Sengat, residential

AMEC1013-EIA12-01 Page 3-26

B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Figure 3-8:3 km surrounding landuse

AMEC1013-EIA12-01 Page 3-27

B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

F3-9-Aerial google view of the project site

AMEC1013-EIA12-01 Page 3-28

N

TOPO SHEET NO. : 3562 SCALE 1 : 50,000

y

wa

s e r p xs E

th E u x swa oth SoS

h– tt– r o NorN

g an ah P , d n la h ig H n ro e m a C To

Source : Director of National of Mapping, Malaysia 2000 Source : Director of National of Mapping, Malaysia 1991 FIGURE 3-1 LEEDGN MINING AREA PROJECT SITE PALNTL IT E REGIONAL TOPOGRAPHICS PLAN

SETTLEMENT AREA BELUKAR, RIUNG AND HILL PADDY OF THE PROJECT SITE PROPONENT

COUNTOURS SUNDRY TREE CULTIVATION B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN.BHD.

Compiled by Siti Hjaa r Deat 08.10.20 13 Chece k d b y I.r .Hj ua Anr Date 0810.2.013 AMEC Appro ved by Ir. .Hj u An ar Date 0810.2.013 ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT Pal n N.o: BB SB-MEC-10AM 0 /2 1 3(3-1) N

GEOLOGYGEOLOGY AANDND MMINERALINERAL DDISTRIBUTIONISTRIBUTION MAPMAP OFOF PPERAKERAK SSCALECALE 1 : 2250,00050,000

PROJECT SITE

Source : Director General Department of Minerals And Geoscience Malaysia 2000

LEDGEN Light Metals Iron&Ferro-Alloy Metals EXPLANATION

Bauxite Al W Tungsten CARBONIFEROUS - Phylite, slate, shale and sandstone. FIGURE 3-2 Be Beryl Fe Iron DEVONIAN - Phylite, schist and slate; limestone and sandstone locally prominent. GOLD/SILVER BASE METALS &OTHERS MINOR METALS Acid intrusive (undifferentiated) Mercury Au Gold Hg REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL SETTING SEDIMENTARY AND Antimony METAMORPHIC ROCKS Pb Lead Sb OF THE PROJECT AREA PPNNRO O ET Limestone Ballclay Si Silica Zinc Bi Bismuth B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN.BHD.

Nb-Ta Niobium-Tantalum Clay Dm Dolomite Feldspar Compiled by Siti Hjaar Deat 08.10.2013 Chece k d b y Ir. HAnj. uar Date AMEC 08.10.2013 Appro ved by Ir. Hj.u An r a Date 08.10.2013 ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT Pal n N.o: BB SB-MEC-10AM 0 /2 1 3(3-2) N

SOILSOIL MAPMAP OOFF PPENINSULARENINSULAR MMALAYSIAALAYSIA SCALESCALE 1 : 750,000750,000

PROJECT AREA

DLD

DLD

30

DLD

DLD

Source : Director General Department of Agriculture Malaysia (Amendment 2002)

LEGEN D EXPLANATION EXPLANATION

TELEMONG-AKOB-LANAR TEMPATAN TANAH CURAM (STEEPLAND) FIGURE 3-3

SERDANG-BUNGOR-MUNCHONG TANAH BANDAR (URBAN LAND)

SOGOMANA--MANIK TANAH LOMBONG (MINED LAND) PALNTL IT E HOLYROOD-LUNAS AIR (LAKES AND PONDS) REGIONAL SOIL SETTING OF THE PROJECT AREA

HARIMAU-TAMPOI KUNDOR-SEDAKA-KANGKONG PPRO OETNN B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN.BHD. GAJAH MATI-MUNCHONG-MELAKA TUALANG-IDRIS

Compiled by Siti Hajar Date 08.10.20 1 3 Checked by Ir. . uH aj An r Dtea AMEC 08.210.013 Apprebov d y Ir.. Hj Ana ur Date 08.10.2013 ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT Plan No.: BSBBM /2 -AMEC-10013(3-3) WIND ROSE SUMMARY

IPOH

1982 - 2011

TIME : 24-HOURS ANNUAL

PRO P O NENT B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN.BHD. FIGURE 3-4

AMEC ANNUAL 24 HOUR WIND ROSE SUMMARY ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT WIND ROSE SUMMARY WIND ROSE SUMMARY

IPOH IPOH

1982 - 2011 1982 - 2011

TIME : 24-HOURS APRIL TIME : 24- HO URS M AY - SEPTEMBER

WIND ROSE SUMMARY WIND ROSE SUMMARY

IPOH IPOH

1982 - 2011 1982 - 2011

TIME : 24-HOURS OCTOBER TIME : 24-HOURS NO VE MB ER - MARCH

PRO P O NENT B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN.BHD. FIGURE 3-5

AMEC QUARTERLY 24 HOUR WIND ROSE SUMMARY ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT PRO P O NENT FIGURE 3-6

AMEC QUARTERLY 24 HOUR WIND ROSE SUMMARY ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT N

TOPO SHEET NO. : 3562 SCALE 1 : 50,000

FIGURE 3-6

PLAN TITLE SURFACE HYDROLOGY OF THE PROJECT SITE

y a

s PROPONENT e r

hExp sw t

o S

h– u t r o N

g an ah P , d n la h ig H n ro e m a C To

LEGEND

Proposed Mining Area

Streams Flow From Project Site

Irrigation Drain

Water Intake (Sg.Terap)

Drawn by Siti Hajar Date 29.03.2013 Checked by Ir. Hj. Anuar Date 29.03.2013 Approved by Ir. Hj. Anuar Date 29.03.2013

Plan No.: BBMSB-AMEC-032 / 0 13(3-6)

AMEC

ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT 10A, Jalan Pasar , Tambun 31400, Ipoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan Tel:05-5452671;Fax:05-5462670 Email: amec_anuar @yahoo.com STATIONS

A4

N1 A2 &

& &

N1 N4 W1 A1 N2 MONITORING

3-7 OF

FIGURE LOCATION

THE

SHOWING

PLAN STATION

W3

8'33.26” 8'33.51”

STATION

A1

W & 4°31'34.50"

4°31'32.68"

101° 3

101° W3

MONITORING 8'25.16”

W1 N E N1 E N MONITORING

4°31'25.23" 101°

QUALITY

W3

W2 N E 8'17.02” 8'31.50” AIR NOISE

8'16.63”

A4

W

& 3 A N

4°32'4.79" 101° 4°32'0.56" 101°

4°30'59.90"

101°

N E N4 W3 N E W4 N E 1991

W3

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W

3 Malaysia

AREA

SAMPLING

PROJECT WATER Mapping,

W

W3 of

LEGEND National

of

CONSULTANT

3562 000

: Director

8’17.02” 8'33.51”

: 20, A3 8'26.90” A2

No.

AMEC

ENVIRONMENTAL & 4°31'55.51" 1: 4°31'51.83" &

101° 4°31'46.60"

101°

:

AND

101° N3 N E N2 N E

Sheet

W5 N E Source Scale MINING Topo

ANUAR ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT SDN.BHD

RAIA)

(SG

A3

& W4 W3

W2 W5 N1 N3 MINERALS

B.B PROPONENT TOPO SHEET NO. : 3562 SCALE 1 : 50,000

N

TOPOTOPO SHEETSHEET NNO.O. : 35623562 SCALESCALE 1 : 50,00050,000

y a wa s 3 eswes r km xp ExprE

th u outh S

th–So rth– o NorN

2 km

g an ah P , d n la h ig H n ro e m a C To 1 km

Source : Director of National of Mapping, Malaysia 2000

Source : Director of National of Mapping, Malaysia 2000

FIGURE 3-8 LEEDGN MINING AREA PROJECT SITE PAL NT IT L E PLAN SHOWING 3 KM RADIUS PROFILE OF THE PROJECT SITE SETTLEMENT AREA BELUKAR, RIUNG AND HILL PADDY PROPONENT B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BH D. COUNTOURS SUNDRY TREE CULTIVATION

Complieb d y Si it r Haja Date 08.1 .20013 Checkeb d y Ir. Hj An. r ua Date 08.10.2013 AMEC Apprody ve b Ir. HAnj. uar Date 08.10. 02 13 ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT PlaN.BBMSn o: B-AMEC /2 -10301 N

GOOGLE AERIAL VIEW SCALE 1 : NOT TO SCALE

3 km

2km

3 km 1km

2 km

202100 0.364 Ha (0.899 Ac)

202101 1.0954 Ha (2.706 Ac) 301573 1.388 Ha (3.429 Ac)

177251 5.071 Ha (12.530 Ac)

1 km

12661266 m

Source: Google Earth,2003

PROPONENT FIGURE 3-9

AMEC GOOGLE AERIEL VIEW OF THE PROJECT SITE ANUAR MINING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN.BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Table 3-1 : Annual Rainfall and Raindays

Station : IPOH Lat. : 04° 34' N Long. : 101° 06' E Ht. above M.S.L. : 40.1 m

ANNUAL RAINFALL RECORDS

Period No. of Years Rainfall ( mm ) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANNUAL 1982 - 2012 30 Mean 169.8 162.0 211.4 283.6 212.0 151.8 180.7 183.1 218.7 293.5 304.6 260.1 2631.2 Highest 357.6 307.4 425.8 601.6 465.2 303.0 425.6 356.2 481.7 581.2 618.2 421.7 3528.8 Year of Highest 2008 2004 2008 1986 1991 1994 2010 1996 1999 1987 2006 1984 2008

Lowest 36.6 59.5 91.4 141.6 38.2 29.3 37.7 49.5 88.0 96.2 128.3 114.0 1827.7 Year of Lowest 2005 1989 2001 1992 1997 1985 2000 1986 2005 1988 1983 1997 1992

ANNUAL RAINDAYS RECORDS

Period No. of Years Number of Rainday JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANNUAL 1982 - 2012 30 Mean 15 13 16 19 16 13 13 15 19 22 22 19 202 Highest 252126262421202223292626 229 Year of Highest 2001 1984 1994 1982 1984 2010 1998 1988 Sev. 1993 Sev. 1987 2003 1991 1993

Lowest 6 8 9 8 11 4 4 6 11 13 15 11 168 Year of Lowest 1983 1987 1998 1983 Sev. 1985 1994 2004 2005 1988 1983 2004 2002 2002 1989 2002

Note : Sev. - Several Occasions Definition: Trace -Rainfall amount less than 0.1 millimetre

Source: Meteorological Department Malaysia

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Table 3-2: Temperature And Relative Humidity At Ipoh Station

Station : IPOH Lat. : 04° 34' N Long. : 101° 06' E Ht. above M.S.L. : 40.1 m

ANNUAL TEMPERATURE RECORDS

Period No. of Years Temperature ( ° C ) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANNUAL 1982 - 2012 31 24 Hr. Mean 26.9 27.4 27.6 27.6 27.8 27.8 27.4 27.2 26.9 26.7 26.5 26.5 27.2 Mean Daily Max. 28.3 29.0 29.3 29.2 29.1 28.5 28.4 28.3 28.1 27.5 27.1 27.9 28.0 Year of Highest Max. 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 2002 2004 2005 2010 Sev. 2002 1998 2002

Mean Daily Min. 25.8 26.0 26.2 26.7 26.9 26.8 26.5 26.5 26.3 25.9 25.8 25.7 25.6 Year of Lowest Min. 1984 1984 2008 1982 1984 2008 2008 1988 2006 2003 1985 2010 2008 2008

ANNUAL RELATIVE HUMIDITY RECORDS

Period No. of Years Temperature ( ° C ) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANNUAL 1982 - 2012 31 Relative Humidity ( % ) 24 Hr. Mean 80.2 79.0 80.8 83.0 81.8 79.9 79.9 80.5 82.3 84.3 85.5 83.5 81.7

Note : Sev. - Several Occasions Definition: Trace -Rainfall amount less than 0.1 millimetre

Source: Meteorological Department Malaysia

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Table 3-3: Percentage Direction And Speed of Wond Rose Summary

PERIOD : 1982 - 2011 STATION : IPOH TIME : ALL 24 HOURS

SPEED APRIL M/S N NE E SE S SW W NW CALM TOTAL < 0.3 ------18.0 18.0 0.3 - 1.5 11.2 14.7 3.8 3.1 7.3 2.7 1.1 1.0 - 44.9 1.6 - 3.3 7.4 8.6 0.8 1.5 7.3 3.8 0.4 0.4 - 30.2 3.4 - 5.4 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.2 1.6 1.4 0.2 0.1 - 5.2 5.5 - 7.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 - 0.3 8.0 - 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 TOTAL 19.5 24.1 4.7 4.8 16.3 8.0 1.7 1.5 18.0 98.6

SPEED MAY - SEPTEMBER M/S N NE E SE S SW W NW CALM TOTAL < 0.3 ------16.0 16.0 0.3 - 1.5 8.1 16.6 5.0 2.9 7.7 2.7 0.9 0.8 - 44.7 1.6 - 3.3 7.1 9.8 1.3 1.0 7.6 4.0 0.5 0.3 - 31.6 3.4 - 5.4 0.9 0.8 0.1 0.1 1.8 1.8 0.2 0.1 - 5.8 5.5 - 7.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 - 0.3 8.0 - 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 TOTAL 16.1 27.2 6.4 4.0 17.2 8.7 1.6 1.2 16.0 98.4

SPEED OCTOBER M/S N NE E SE S SW W NW CALM TOTAL < 0.3 ------16.0 16.0 0.3 - 1.5 9.0 18.0 4.9 2.9 6.4 2.5 1.1 0.9 - 45.7 1.6 - 3.3 8.6 11.1 1.1 1.2 5.4 3.0 0.5 0.5 - 31.4 3.4 - 5.4 1.2 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 1.3 0.2 0.2 - 5.1 5.5 - 7.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 - 0.2 8.0 - 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 TOTAL 18.9 30.2 6.1 4.2 12.7 6.9 1.8 1.6 16.0 98.4

SPEED NOVEMBER - MARCH M/S N NE E SE S SW W NW CALM TOTAL < 0.3 ------18.6 18.6 0.3 - 1.5 9.7 15.0 4.5 4.0 7.7 2.3 1.1 0.8 - 45.1 1.6 - 3.3 6.9 10.7 0.9 1.3 5.7 2.8 0.5 0.3 - 29.1 3.4 - 5.4 1.3 1.6 0.1 0.2 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.1 - 5.5 5.5 - 7.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 - 0.2 8.0 - 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 TOTAL 18.0 27.3 5.5 5.5 14.5 6.2 1.7 1.2 18.6 98.5

SPEED ANNUAL M/S N NE E SE S SW W NW CALM TOTAL < 0.3 ------17.3 17.3 0.3 - 1.5 9.0 15.9 4.7 3.4 7.5 2.5 1.0 0.8 - 44.8 1.6 - 3.3 7.1 10.1 1.1 1.2 6.7 3.4 0.5 0.3 - 30.4 3.4 - 5.4 1.1 1.2 0.1 0.1 1.4 1.4 0.2 0.1 - 5.6 5.5 - 7.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 - 0.4 8.0 - 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 TOTAL 17.3 27.2 5.9 4.7 15.7 7.5 1.7 1.2 17.3 98.5

AMEC 1013-EIA13-01 Page 3-10