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Species Account CALLIPPE SILVERSPOT BUTTERFLY Speyeria Callippe Callippe
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species Account CALLIPPE SILVERSPOT BUTTERFLY Speyeria callippe callippe CLASSIFICATION: Endangered Federal Register 62:64306 ; December 5, 1997 http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/federal_register/fr3183.pdf CRITICAL HABITAT : None designated RECOVERY PLAN: Draft Recovery Plan For The Callippe Silverspot Butterfly (Under development) FIVE-YEAR REVIEW October 20, 2009. We recommended no change in status. http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/five_year_review/doc2518.pdf (Latest info on this species.) DESCRIPTION The callippe (ca-LIP-ee) silverspot is a medium-sized butterfly in the brush foot family (Nymphalidae). It has a wingspan of about 5.5 centimeters (2.2 inches). The upper wings are brown with extensive black spots and lines, and the basal areas are extremely dark. The undersides are brown, orange-brown and tan with black lines and distinctive black and bright silver spots. The basal areas of the wings and body are densely hairy. The caterpillars are dark- colored with many branching sharp spines on their backs. Identification of the subspecies is challenging in some parts of its range because it can hybridize with Lilian’s and Comstock’s silverspot butterflies, producing offspring that are intermediate in appearance. Life History and Ecology The callippe silverspot butterfly has one flight of adults per year. It undergoes complete metamorphosis (a structural transformation during the development of an organism) from egg to larval, pupal and adult stages. Egg Stage During the early summer flight season, females lay their eggs on the dry remains of the larval food plant, Johnny jump-up ( Viola pedunculata ), or on the surrounding debris. -
Cover Letter for PG&E Midterm Pruning Report
Effect of different grazing regimes on Viola pedunculata populations at King Ranch - 2010 December 16, 2010 Prepared by: Elizabeth Bernhardt Tedmund Swiecki Prepared for: Sue Wickham Solano Land Trust 1001 Texas Street, Ste C Fairfield, CA 94533 P HYTOSPHERE R ESEARCH 1027 Davis Street, Vacaville, CA 95687-5495 707-452-8735 email: [email protected] URL: http://phytosphere.com 2010 - King Ranch V. pedunculata grazing study Page 2 of 16 SUMMARY This report discusses second year results of a study that investigates how specific changes to the grazing regime at King Ranch affects cover of Viola pedunculata, the larval food plant of the Callippe silverspot butterfly. In 2007, we established plots in six clusters of three plots each at widely spaced locations on the ranch, with three clusters on each of two common soil types. Cover in these plots was read in spring 2007 and 2008 to serve as a baseline. One plot in each cluster was excluded from grazing early in the grazing season in 2009 and 2010. A second plot in each cluster was excluded from grazing late in the season in 2009 and 2010. The plots excluded from grazing did not differ in V. pedunculata cover or grass cover compared to plots which had not been excluded from grazing. Although grass cover and vegetation height were negatively correlated with V. pedunculata cover, excluding plots from grazing for short periods did not result in V. pedunculata cover differences. Vegetation height and cover were correlated with precipitation during the growing season. Due to the interactions that exist between grazing impacts and weather, we recommend that the study be continued for at least two to three more years, so that treatment effects can be assessed over a wider range of weather conditions. -
Philmont Butterflies
PHILMONT AREA BUTTERFLIES Mexican Yellow (Eurema mexicana) Melissa Blue (Lycaeides melissa) Sleepy Orange (Eurema nicippe) Greenish Blue (Plebejus saepiolus) PAPILIONIDAE – Swallowtails Dainty Sulfur (Nathalis iole) Boisduval’s Blue (Icaricia icarioides) Subfamily Parnassiinae – Parnassians Lupine Blue (Icaricia lupini) Rocky Mountain Parnassian (Parnassius LYCAENIDAE – Gossamer-wings smintheus) Subfamily Lycaeninae – Coppers RIODINIDAE – Metalmarks Tailed Copper (Lycaena arota) Mormon Metalmark (Apodemia morma) Subfamily Papilioninae – Swallowtails American Copper (Lycaena phlaeas) Nais Metalmark (Apodemia nais) Black Swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes) Lustrous Copper (Lycaena cupreus) Old World Swallowtail (Papilio machaon) Bronze Copper (Lycaena hyllus) NYMPHALIDAE – Brush-footed Butterflies Anise Swallowtail (Papilio zelicaon) Ruddy Copper (Lycaena rubidus) Subfamily Libytheinae – Snout Butterflies Western Tiger Swallowtail (Papilio rutulus) Blue Copper (Lycaena heteronea) American Snout (Libytheana carinenta) Pale Swallowtail (Papilio eurymedon) Purplish Copper (Lycaena helloides) Two-tailed Swallowtail (Papilio multicaudatus) Subfamily Heliconiinae – Long-wings Subfamily Theclinae – Hairstreaks Gulf Fritillary (Agraulis vanillae) PIERIDAE – Whites & Sulfurs Colorado Hairstreak (Hypaurotis crysalus) Subfamily Pierinae – Whites Great Purple Hairstreak (Atlides halesus) Subfamily Argynninae – Fritillaries Pine White (Neophasia menapia) Southern Hairstreak (Fixsenia favonius) Variegated Fritillary (Euptoieta claudia) Becker’s White (Pontia -
Superior National Forest
Admirals & Relatives Subfamily Limenitidinae Skippers Family Hesperiidae £ Viceroy Limenitis archippus Spread-wing Skippers Subfamily Pyrginae £ Silver-spotted Skipper Epargyreus clarus £ Dreamy Duskywing Erynnis icelus £ Juvenal’s Duskywing Erynnis juvenalis £ Northern Cloudywing Thorybes pylades Butterflies of the £ White Admiral Limenitis arthemis arthemis Superior Satyrs Subfamily Satyrinae National Forest £ Common Wood-nymph Cercyonis pegala £ Common Ringlet Coenonympha tullia £ Northern Pearly-eye Enodia anthedon Skipperlings Subfamily Heteropterinae £ Arctic Skipper Carterocephalus palaemon £ Mancinus Alpine Erebia disa mancinus R9SS £ Red-disked Alpine Erebia discoidalis R9SS £ Little Wood-satyr Megisto cymela Grass-Skippers Subfamily Hesperiinae £ Pepper & Salt Skipper Amblyscirtes hegon £ Macoun’s Arctic Oeneis macounii £ Common Roadside-Skipper Amblyscirtes vialis £ Jutta Arctic Oeneis jutta (R9SS) £ Least Skipper Ancyloxypha numitor Northern Crescent £ Eyed Brown Satyrodes eurydice £ Dun Skipper Euphyes vestris Phyciodes selenis £ Common Branded Skipper Hesperia comma £ Indian Skipper Hesperia sassacus Monarchs Subfamily Danainae £ Hobomok Skipper Poanes hobomok £ Monarch Danaus plexippus £ Long Dash Polites mystic £ Peck’s Skipper Polites peckius £ Tawny-edged Skipper Polites themistocles £ European Skipper Thymelicus lineola LINKS: http://www.naba.org/ The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/ in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national -
Perceptual Range, Targeting Ability, and Visual Habitat Detection by Greater Fritillary Butterfliesspeyeria Cybele (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Speyeria Atlantis
Journal of Insect Science, (2019) 19(4): 1; 1–10 doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iez060 Research Perceptual Range, Targeting Ability, and Visual Habitat Detection by Greater Fritillary ButterfliesSpeyeria cybele (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Speyeria atlantis Zachary G. MacDonald,1,4, John H. Acorn,1, Jian Zhang,2,3, and Scott E. Nielsen1, Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jinsectscience/article-abstract/19/4/1/5525229 by guest on 18 July 2019 1Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H1, Canada, 2Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China, 3Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China, and 4Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Phyllis Weintraub Received 4 February 2019; Editorial decision 26 May 2019 Abstract Butterflies are widely invoked as model organisms in studies of metapopulation and dispersal processes. Integral to such investigations are understandings of perceptual range; the maximum distance at which organisms are able to detect patches of suitable habitat. To infer perceptual range, researchers have released butterflies at varying distances from habitat patches and observed their subsequent flight behaviors. It is often assumed that butterflies rely on visual senses for habitat detection; however, this assumption has not been explicitly investigated. Here, we assess the extent and sensory determinants of perceptual range for the great spangled fritillary (Speyeria cybele (Fabricius, 1775)) and Atlantis fritillary (Speyeria atlantis (W.H. Edwards, 1862)). This was achieved by experimentally releasing butterflies over open water at various distances from a lake island, representing an isolated habitat patch in a dichotomous habitat-matrix landscape. -
A Rearing Method for Argynnis (Speyeria) Diana
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche Volume 2011, Article ID 940280, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2011/940280 Research Article ARearingMethodforArgynnis (Speyeria) diana (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) That Avoids Larval Diapause Carrie N. Wells, Lindsey Edwards, Russell Hawkins, Lindsey Smith, and David Tonkyn Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Carrie N. Wells, [email protected] Received 25 May 2011; Accepted 4 August 2011 Academic Editor: Russell Jurenka Copyright © 2011 Carrie N. Wells et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We describe a rearing protocol that allowed us to raise the threatened butterfly, Argynnis diana (Nymphalidae), while bypassing the first instar overwintering diapause. We compared the survival of offspring reared under this protocol from field-collected A. diana females from North Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee. Larvae were reared in the lab on three phylogenetically distinct species of Southern Appalachian violets (Viola sororia, V. pubescens,andV. pedata). We assessed larval survival in A. diana to the last instar, pupation, and adulthood. Males reared in captivity emerged significantly earlier than females. An ANOVA revealed no evidence of host plant preference by A. diana toward three native violet species. We suggest that restoration of A. diana habitat which promotes a wide array of larval and adult host plants, is urgently needed to conserve this imperiled species into the future. 1. Introduction larvae in cold storage blocks and storing them under con- trolled refrigerated conditions for the duration of their The Diana fritillary, Argynnis (Speyeria) diana (Cramer overwintering period [10]. -
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
J OURNAL OF T HE L EPIDOPTERISTS’ S OCIETY Volume 62 2008 Number 2 Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 61(2), 2007, 61–66 COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE IMMATURE STAGES AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FIVE ARGYNNIS SPP. (SUBGENUS SPEYERIA) (NYMPHALIDAE) FROM WASHINGTON DAVID G. JAMES Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, 24105 North Bunn Road, Prosser, Washington 99350; email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Comparative illustrations and notes on morphology and biology are provided on the immature stages of five Arg- ynnis spp. (A. cybele leto, A. coronis simaetha, A. zerene picta, A. egleis mcdunnoughi, A. hydaspe rhodope) found in the Pacific Northwest. High quality images allowed separation of the five species in most of their immature stages. Sixth instars of all species possessed a fleshy, eversible osmeterium-like gland located ventrally between the head and first thoracic segment. Dormant first in- star larvae of all species exposed to summer-like conditions (25 ± 0.5º C and continuous illumination), 2.0–2.5 months after hatch- ing, did not feed and died within 6–9 days, indicating the larvae were in diapause. Overwintering of first instars for ~ 80 days in dark- ness at 5 ± 0.5º C, 75 ± 5% r.h. resulted in minimal mortality. Subsequent exposure to summer-like conditions (25 ± 0.5º C and continuous illumination) resulted in breaking of dormancy and commencement of feeding in all species within 2–5 days. Durations of individual instars and complete post-larval feeding development durations were similar for A. coronis, A. zerene, A. egleis and A. -
Coronis Fritillary Field Identification: Reference Guide
Coronis Fritillary Field Identification: Reference Guide Target species: Speyeria coronis coronis (AKA Argynnis coronis coronis) Potential look-alike species: Speyeria callipe elaine; S. egleis egleis; S. egleis oweni; S. egleis mattooni; S. hydaspe hydaspe; S. hesperis cottlei; S. hesperis dodgei; S. zerene gloriosa; S. cybele; Boloria epithore chermocki The most similar looking species is Speyeria zerene. The image below shows three voucher specimens collected during 2011 surveys at Eight Dollar Mountain illustrating the similarities in appearance between S. coronis and S. zerene. The uppermost specimen is S. zerene. The bottom two are S. coronis. This and all other photos in document by Celeste Mazzacano unless otherwise noted. 1 Coronis Fritillary Field Identification: Quick Reference Guide Target species: S. coronis coronis Specimens in box above photographed and compiled by Caitlin LaBar. Specimens from Jackson, Lake and Klamath Counties, Oregon. 2 SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS: Fritillaries in Jackson & Josephine Counties Speyeria coronis nominate: large (>3”); tawny orange ground color; males w/black chains along margins. FW tip drawn out. VHW discs tan to brandy with silver orbs large and ovoid. Marginal silver spots flattened, broadly and flatly capped with olive tan. VHW silver spots not visible from above as lighter areas. Wings longer than S. callipe. May-Sept., peak June, Aug. S. c. coronis: found sparsely in Siskiyous; heavier black marks and darker discs; somewhat larger and darker above and below than nominate. Lack greenish tinge to ventral ground color seen in fresh specimens of other subspp. Speyeria callipe nominate: medium-large (<2.5”); wings relatively short and triangular. Pattern of silver spots beneath conspicuously indicated by lighter spots above. -
Great Spangled Fritillary
Great Spangled Fritillary Great Spangled Fritillaries occur in the upper half of Alabama. They are single-brooded, with their only flight beginning in May. Females aestivate during summer months and are rarely seen; they return to an active lifestyle in late summer. Great Spangled Fritillaries are found in open, sunny areas. They are strong fliers and avid nectarers. © Sara Bright • Large • Sexes are similar. Females are larger; brown areas on the inner wings are darker dorsally and ventrally. • May be confused with male Diana Fritillaries. Dorsally, GSF’s are marked with spots, chevrons, and reticulations that male Dianas lack. Ventrally, Great Spangled Fritillaries have a wide yellow submarginal band between two rows of silver spots that male Dianas lack. Great Spangled Fritillaries are somewhat smaller than Dianas, but this size difference may be difficult to discern unless butterflies are seen together. Alabama Butterfly Atlas | alabama.butterflyatlas.org Great Spangled Fritillary Dorsal Male Golden orange wings ornamented with dark spots, chevrons, and reticulations Brown on inner third of wings Great Spangled Fritillary Speyeria cybele © Sara Bright * Highly* Reliablereliable markersdiagnostic (when markers applicable) Wingspan: 2½ - 4 inches (6.3 - 10.1 cm) Alabama Butterfly Atlas | alabama.butterflyatlas.org Great Spangled Fritillary Dorsal Female Golden orange wings ornamented with dark spots, chevrons, and reticulations Dark brown on inner third of wings Great Spangled Fritillary Speyeria cybele © Jerry Green * Highly* Reliablereliable -
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 234 / Friday, December 5, 1997 / Rules and Regulations
64306 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 234 / Friday, December 5, 1997 / Rules and Regulations Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. SUBCHAPTER TÐSMALL PART 177ÐCONSTRUCTION AND 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 ARRANGEMENT 277; 49 CFR 1.46. GROSS TONS) 20. The authority citation for part 177 § 121.710 [Corrected] continues to read as follows: PART 175ÐGENERAL PROVISIONS 15. In § 121.710, remove the words Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. ``part 160, subpart 160.041, of this 18. The authority citation for part 175 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. chapter'' and add, in their place, the 277; 49 CFR 1.46. words ``approval series 160.041''. continues to read as follows: 21. In § 177.500, in paragraph (j)(1), Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; 49 U.S.C. remove the last word ``and'' and add, in PART 122ÐOPERATIONS App. 1804; 49 CFR 1.45, 1.46. Sec. 175.900 its place, the word ``or''; and revise also issued under 44 U.S.C. 3507. 16. The authority citation for part 122 paragraph (o)(1) to read as follows: continues to read as follows: 19. In § 175.400, in the definition for § 177.500 Means of escape. Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 6101; E.O. ``High Speed Craft'', in the equation ``V 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. = 3.7 × displ 1667 h'', add a decimal point * * * * * 277; 49 CFR 1.46. (o) * * * before the number ``1667'', and add, in (1) The space has a deck area less than § 122.604 [Corrected] alphabetical order, a definition for 30 square meters (322 square feet); ``wood vessel'' to read as follows: 17. -
A Survey of the Grasslands of The
A Survey of the Grasslands of the Northeast Ridge (Guadalupe Hills) as Habitat for the Mission Blue Butterfly (Icaricia icarioides missionensis) and the Callippe Silverspot (Speyeria callippe callippe) For San Bruno Mountain Watch 44 Visitacion Avenue Brisbane, California 94005 May 14, 2007 By Thomas Y. Wang Biologist San Francisco, California Introduction The Mission Blue butterfly Icaricia icarioides missionensis and Callippe Silverspot Speyeria callippe callippe are two endangered butterfly species that live on San Bruno Mountain. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed the Mission Blue in 1976 (New 1993), and the Calllippe Silverspot was listed in 1997 (USFWS 2007). Both have a restricted range due mainly to urbanization and their particular ecology. The Mission Blue butterfly lays eggs only on several species of lupines, and has an association with specific ant species for a part of its lifecycle (Cushman and Murphy 1993). The Callippe Silverspot also has a restricted host plant – Viola pedunculata. It oviposits in the vicinity of Viola pedunculata (Thomas Reed Associates 1982) or on them (Arnold 1981). The host plants for both butterflies are plants of the grasslands – a scarce plant community of the Franciscan peninsula due to urbanization. The Habitat Conservation Plan of 1983 allowed for take of Mission Blue lands in exchange for land preserved elsewhere and restoration of butterfly habitat. Parts of the Northeast Ridge became the San Bruno Mountain County and State Park. Other parts of it were slated for development and miscellaneous open space. As part of the Habitat Conservation Plan, mark-release-recapture studies were performed on the Callippe Silverspot and the Mission Blue. -
A Guide to Arthropods Bandelier National Monument
A Guide to Arthropods Bandelier National Monument Top left: Melanoplus akinus Top right: Vanessa cardui Bottom left: Elodes sp. Bottom right: Wolf Spider (Family Lycosidae) by David Lightfoot Compiled by Theresa Murphy Nov 2012 In collaboration with Collin Haffey, Craig Allen, David Lightfoot, Sandra Brantley and Kay Beeley WHAT ARE ARTHROPODS? And why are they important? What’s the difference between Arthropods and Insects? Most of this guide is comprised of insects. These are animals that have three body segments- head, thorax, and abdomen, three pairs of legs, and usually have wings, although there are several wingless forms of insects. Insects are of the Class Insecta and they make up the largest class of the phylum called Arthropoda (arthropods). However, the phylum Arthopoda includes other groups as well including Crustacea (crabs, lobsters, shrimps, barnacles, etc.), Myriapoda (millipedes, centipedes, etc.) and Arachnida (scorpions, king crabs, spiders, mites, ticks, etc.). Arthropods including insects and all other animals in this phylum are characterized as animals with a tough outer exoskeleton or body-shell and flexible jointed limbs that allow the animal to move. Although this guide is comprised mostly of insects, some members of the Myriapoda and Arachnida can also be found here. Remember they are all arthropods but only some of them are true ‘insects’. Entomologist - A scientist who focuses on the study of insects! What’s bugging entomologists? Although we tend to call all insects ‘bugs’ according to entomology a ‘true bug’ must be of the Order Hemiptera. So what exactly makes an insect a bug? Insects in the order Hemiptera have sucking, beak-like mouthparts, which are tucked under their “chin” when Metallic Green Bee (Agapostemon sp.) not in use.