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Ambiguous Inclusions CHANGING SOCIETIES: LEGACIES AND CHALLENGES Ambiguous inclusions: inside out, outside in Sofia Aboim Paulo Granjo Alice Ramos editors CHANGING SOCIETIES: LEGACIES AND CHALLENGES Ambiguous inclusions: inside out, outside in Sofia Aboim Rui Costa Lopes Paulo Granjo Pedro Magalhães Alice Ramos Ângela Barreto Xavier editors editorial board Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa Av. Prof. Aníbal de Bettencourt, 9 1600-189 Lisboa – Portugal Telef. 21 780 47 00 – Fax 21 794 02 74 www.ics.ulisboa.pt/imprensa E-mail: [email protected] Instituto de Ciências Sociais – Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Changing societies: legacies and challenges. Vol. i. Ambiguous inclusions: inside out, outside in [electronic resource] eds., Sofia Aboim, Paulo Granjo, Alice Ramos. Lisboa: Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, 2018. 3 vols. isbn 978-972-671-503-0 cdu 316.3 https://doi.org/10.31447/ics9789726715030 © Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 2018. Creative Commons License Attribution 3.0 Unported (cc by 3.0) Proofreading: Mick Greer Graphic design: vr First Published: September 2018 Table of contents INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Paulo Granjo, Sofia Aboim and Alice Ramos PART I Alterity experiences in displacement 1. Ambiguous boundaries between exclusion and inclusion. Experiences from the Meheba Refugee Camp (Zambia) ................................................. 29 Pedro Figueiredo Neto 2. Long-distance nationalism, boundaries and the experience of racism among Santomean migrants in Portugal ................................................................................. 49 José Manuel Sobral 3. Portuguese in the cane: the racialization of labour in Hawaiian plantations ........ 65 Cristiana Bastos 4 table of contents PART II Citizenship and discrimination 4. On marginal inclusion: refugees at the fringes of citizenship in Portugal .............. 99 Francesco Vacchiano 5. Opposition towards immigration: the view of natives and immigrants ............... 113 Alice Ramos 6. Socially critical decisions towards low status groups: the role of meritocracy ... 137 Rui Costa-Lopes, Ana Filipa Madeira, Mariana Pires de Miranda and Wilson Moreira PART III Mobility and migrations 7. Nodes of inclusion and exclusion: media, context and the shaping of contemporary movements across the Atlantic ............................................................. 161 Marta Vilar Rosales 8. Tactics in movement: pursuing social inclusion in transnational migration ...... 175 Simone Frangella 9. Mirroring the dialectic of inclusion and exclusion in ethnoheterogenesis processes ............................................................................................... 195 Nina Clara Tiesler PART IV Past to present 10. th The “Brasileiro”: a 19 century transnational social category ................................... 221 Isabel Corrêa da Silva table of contents 5 11. Reducing difference in the Portuguese empire? A case-study from early-modern Goa ................................................................................... 241 Ângela Barreto Xavier 12. In and out of history: how a Goan scholar in Bombay imagined a colonial Indian past and a future independent India (1870-1900) ...................... 263 Filipa Lowndes Vicente PART V Gender and family 13. Why are caring masculinities so difficult to achieve? Reflections on men and gender equality in Portugal ...................................................... 303 Vanessa Cunha, Leonor Bettencourt Rodrigues, Rita Correia, Susana Atalaia and Karin Wall 14. Trans masculinities: embodiments, performances and the materiality of gender in times of change ...................................................................................................... 333 Sofia Aboim, Pedro Vasconcelos and Sara Merlini 15. Family and kinship in contemporary mobile world ....................................................... 357 Marzia Grassi PART VI Learning and working 16. Including and excluding. Schools’ reputations: students, families and choices ................................................................................................... 383 Maria Manuel Vieira, Ana Nunes de Almeida and Ana Sofia Ribeiro 6 table of contents 1 7. Inclusions and exclusions in the production and circulation of scientific knowledge: the case of the Royal Anthropological Institute (rai) and of the Portuguese Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (spae) ................ 407 Patrícia Ferraz de Matos 18. Inclusion processes in work cultures and their impacts: a comparison of Portuguese and Mozambican cases ...................................................... 431 Paulo Granjo and João Feijó PART VII Spaces and boundaries 19. With or without you: models of urban requalification under neoliberalism in Portugal .............................................................................................. 457 Sónia Alves and Rosa Branco 20. Inclusive communities, exclusionary city, planning n/a? Mapping condomínios fechados semi-quantitatively in Lisbon, Cascais (and Barreiro) ................................................................................................................... 481 Simone Tulumello and Alessandro Colombo 21. Physical, geographical and social access: the neglected dimensions of food security ................................................................................................................................. 509 Mónica Truninger, Sónia Goulart Cardoso, Fábio Rafael Augusto and Vasco Ramos table of contents 7 List of figures 1.1 Regional map ...................................................................................................................................... 33 1.2 Meheba refugee settlement map (as of 2015, adapted from Agier 2011, unhcr 2017 and Google Maps) ................................................... 35 3.1 “Ancestry, Portuguese”, included in Romanzo Adam’s Interracial Marriage in Hawaii ................... 71 3.2 “Portuguese women, children and bread at a plantation” ................................................................. 74 3.3 Portuguese church in Kula, Maui ....................................................................................................... 88 3.4 Portuguese owen, Kepaniwai Park’s Heritage Gardens, Iao Valley, Maui. ....................................... 88 3.5 Traces of Portuguese societies in O‘ahu .............................................................................................. 88 5.1 Theoretical model of relations among motivational types of values, higher order value types and bipolar value dimensions ........................................................................................................ 118 5.2 Opposition to immigration (means) 1 (allow many) to 4 (allow none) ........................................ 126 12.1 José Gerson da Cunha (1844-1900). Photographic portrait in carte-de-visite format pasted in the endleaves of his posthumously published book ............................................................................. 266 13.1 Early leavers from education and training (18 to 24 years), by sex (%) – Portugal, 2005-2015 ............................................................................................................................. 312 8 table of contents 13.2 Population distribution by level of educational attainment (total and age group 25-34 (%) – Portugal, 2014 ....................................................................................................................................... 312 13.3 Employed population in Education and Human Health and Social Services, proportion by sex (%) – Portugal, 2011 ..................................................................................................................... 315 13.4 Proportion of male teachers, by teaching level (%) – Portugal, 2004/05 – 2014/15 ................... 315 13.5 Individuals who disagree that men’s take-up of parental leaves has positive effects in helping the father to keep his job, by sex and age group (%) – Portugal, 2014 .................................. 318 13.6 Individuals who agree that the child suffers when the father does not take part in childcare and that the father is as capable as the mother, by sex and age group (%) – Portugal, 2014 ................ 319 13.7 Sex ratio in causes of death mainly affecting men (sex ratio > 200) – Portugal, 2014 ............... 321 13.8 Sex ratio at death, by age group (%) – Portugal, 2015 ................................................................. 322 17.1 Rai Archive, London, 2016 ............................................................................................................ 412 17.2 SPAE Archive, Porto, 2015 ............................................................................................................ 412 18.1 Integrative liminality, through centripetal participation .............................................................. 435 18.2 Expelling liminality, desired by workers ....................................................................................... 442 18.3 Structural liminality, by change refusal ........................................................................................ 451 19.1 The Cardosas quarter in the historic centre ................................................................................. 472 20.1 Metropolitan Lisbon and the municipalities of Lisbon,
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