Edison Woods Natural Resource Management Plan Tara Kauffman, Natural Resources Manager Brad Phillips, Environmental Projects Coordinator (April 2012-Updated February 2019)

Erie MetroParks mission is to conserve natural resources while connecting the community with nature through education and exploration.

The 1,340 acre site known as Edison Woods MetroPark is owned and operated by Erie MetroParks, and is located in Berlin Township, Erie County, Ohio. The property is between State Route 61 (Ceylon Road), Mason Road, Frailey Road, and Driver Road. Smokey Road runs through the northeastern portion of the site. A railroad and power line corridor defines the northern boundary of the site (see attachment property map). Edison Woods is a combination of sandstone cliffs, wetlands, woodlands, and meadows with a variety of seasonal wildflowers, rare plants, amphibians and reptiles. There are approximately 550 acres of wetland habitat and 300 acres of restored native grasslands. You can find 10 plus miles of trails that take you throughout the wooded and prairie habitats, including an Adventure Walkway and Geocaching.

Features and Resources Various parcels throughout the area that is now Edison Woods were purchased by Ohio Edison in the late 1970’s for the purpose of constructing a nuclear power plant. In 1991, Ohio Edison leased the property to Erie MetroParks for passive recreational use. Edison Woods was purchased from The Ohio Edison Power Company in 2001 with Water Resource Restoration Sponsor Program (WRRSP) funds. This program was created by the Ohio EPA to counter the loss of ecological function and biological diversity that jeopardizes the health of Ohio’s water resources. This program funds both preservation and restoration of aquatic and wetland habitat to accomplish this goal (see WRRSP Guidelines attachment). Edison Woods has become one of northern Ohio’s largest native grassland restoration projects and the sheer size and diversity of the property make it both locally and regionally significant habitat. The large contiguous woodland is mostly made up of lowland lake plain swamp forest, featuring pin and swamp white oaks, with green ash (impacted by Emerald Ash Borer) and red maple dominating other areas. Additional forest is found on steep north facing slopes, including white and red oaks, beech and sugar maple, and numerous other species.

Edison Woods is also interesting geologically, as it contains a transition from sandstone to shale bedrock. The north facing slope contains a sandstone escarpment of the Devonian Era, the west most outcropping at this latitude. This rock face was quarried for high quality dimensional stone 100 and more years ago, and the old quarry site has become a refuge for numerous ferns and rare plants. The old track lines which served the quarry are now part of the trail system. Underlying the sandstone is shale, which is only exposed in stream cuts. It is mostly covered by poorly drained lake bottom deposits, which were lain down at the end of the latest glacial period. Several post glacial lakes covered all or a portion of this site, leaving sand and gravel deposits on the upper Edison Woods Natural Resource Management Plan Tara Kauffman, Natural Resources Manager Brad Phillips, Environmental Projects Coordinator (April 2012-Updated February 2019)

(southern) part of the site. The poorly drained northern portion contains nearly all the wetlands, which are predominantly forested wetlands.

Nearly every acre of Edison Woods has been disturbed over the years, either by quarrying, farming, pasturing, drainage, and/or logging. This influences the plants that grow here, the water table, the soil structure, and the topography. Over the years many agricultural fields have been abandoned, and have undergone succession back to forest, or are in the process of succession. A many aged patchwork of forest types is the result.

In 2002, the 300 plus acres of most recently farmed fields at Edison Woods were planted to a native grass, forb and sedge dominated complex. Sixty species were utilized in these plantings, distributed according to moisture regimes.

In 2007, three small vernal pools were created with explosives. These pools are located within the wetland mitigation restoration area. The water table in this area is continuing to rise following tile breaking and ditch blocking (see attachment wood duck boxes & vernal pool locations).

A wetland mitigation project created two fully diked pools in the fall of 2008. Material for dikes was obtained onsite from shaly subsoil/shallow bedrock, creating a variety of depths within the pools. Water control structures are installed in three places to manage water levels as needed. The deeper areas are planned to be semi-permanent pools, while the shallower areas will function as vernal wetlands. Dike crests have been integrated into the trail system, greatly improving access and reducing impacts to wetland areas. Wetland areas were seeded to native hydrophytes, and dikes proper were seeded to rye and fescue for soil stabilization.

A fourth water control structure was installed at the same time at the outlet of a natural vernal pool which is northwest of the main pool areas. This enhanced the hydro-period in this area and ensured the pool would persist into the future.

Edison Woods is the only MetroPark that allows horses on the trails. The office and barn can be found off Smokey Road on the north hand side.

Approximately 693 species of vascular plants and 36 species of non-vascular plants have been reported for the entire site (see attachment plant list through 2016 and mosses and liverworts thru 2011). Several of these are uncommon to rare, with three native orchid species found, and an abundance of ferns. Edison Woods Natural Resource Management Plan Tara Kauffman, Natural Resources Manager Brad Phillips, Environmental Projects Coordinator (April 2012-Updated February 2019)

This list includes the restoration planting species in the meadows, many of which were not found on site previously.

The animal life at Edison Woods is also diverse, although it has not yet been studied systematically. Edison Woods contains excellent habitat for woodland birds, both in migration and for nesting. One hundred seventy four species of birds have been recorded so far (see attachment birds thru 2016). Fifty vertebrate species have been recorded (see attachment vertebrates thru 2011). The vertebrate list includes species found during the 1970’s site investigation for the Erie Nuclear Plant.

The Bow n’ Barrel Archers lease a parcel of land located at 10314 State Route 61, Berlin Heights, Ohio and another small parcel of land located north and east of the Deehr Road intersection with St. Rt 61, containing .26 acres within Edison Woods. This area has been designated as an archery range and associated purposes. The house that the Bow n’ Barrel utilized off State Route 61 was removed in 2019.

The Ohio Edison Company holds several ‘retained rights’ areas on the property. To find out more information on these corridor areas refer to the deed exhibit attachments located in the Edison Woods property files at the Frost Center.

The house at 7805 Mason Road, Berlin Heights, Ohio 44814 was burned down in 2018. This space is now an additional parking area for horse trailers and visitors.

Management Strategies The short-term goal for the planted meadows is to manage for maintenance of prairie/savannah habitat. Controlled burns should be conducted in the meadows on a one to two year cycle to prevent woody growth from overtaking the area, and to encourage fire adapted prairie plants to thrive (see attachment burn area maps). Perimeter fire lanes must be maintained by mowing to insure a safe burn. Fields along State Route 61, and Smokey Road should only be burned with a west or southwest wind, to prevent smoke from interfering with auto traffic. Similarly, the field along Driver Road is best burned with a north or northwest wind and the Mason Road field is best with a southeast to south west direction. In years when burning is not successful, other strategies such as mowing at the end of June and/or chemical control of woody vegetation may need to be implemented. The long-term plan for many of the meadows is to let them revert to lowland forest, in accordance with the overarching goal of Ohio EPA to restore the site’s original and now uncommon habitat. To accomplish this goal, fire lanes are gradually moved in from the edge so areas adjacent to wooded habitats are left unburned. Additionally, one field has already been taken off the burn schedule so it can reforest. Edison Woods Natural Resource Management Plan Tara Kauffman, Natural Resources Manager Brad Phillips, Environmental Projects Coordinator (April 2012-Updated February 2019)

However, tree recruitment has been slowed by excessive browsing by deer on seedlings. This has led to the decision to conduct annual deer population management hunts, with the first held in the fall of 2012.

Edison Woods contains a population of White-tailed deer which have become excessive for the habitat. Reports of large herds have been noted and evidence of excessive browsing on Oaks and various other seedlings attempting to colonize on the field edges have been documented. Erie MetroParks has also documented loss of Great White Trillium flowering stems in an established population compared to years prior. Erie MetroParks staff started conducting deer counts and controlled deer hunts in 2012 and have continued an annual basis.

Invasive species such as Autumn Olive (Eleagnus umbellata), Common Reed Grass (Phragmites australis), Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea), and Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria) pose a management concern at Edison Woods. Narrow-leaf Cattail was successfully treated in the south-most mitigation pools in 2012.

Water levels in the mitigation pools vary on a seasonal pattern, with some areas completely drying down during summer, and other areas (the north pool especially) holding water year-round. These pools are attractive to muskrats. Unfortunately, their bank burrowing habit has caused damage to the dikes and trails. A trapping program has been part of muskrat management strategy. Additionally, water levels have been lowered by one gate level in the water control structures to reduce burrowing close to the surface.

2 wood duck boxes can be found at the mitigation pools and 1 box can be found near Rose Mallow pond (see attachment wood duck boxes). Nest boxes should be cleaned out every year and be replaced with 4 inches of wood shavings (not sawdust) in the bottom of the box. The best time to clean out boxes is during winter or early spring before hens return from wintering areas and begin prospecting for nest sites. Boxes should be inspected every year for need of repairs or replacement. When putting up wood duck boxes ensure that they are 6-8 feet above the water’s surface or in woodland habitat within ½ mile of lakes, ponds, marshes or rivers.

Most of the ash trees throughout the park have succumbed to emerald ash borer. Any dead and or dying ash trees that pose a threat to the public will be removed.

Due to Edison Woods being such a wet woods, there are numerous culverts throughout to control water flow that need to be maintained and cleared of debris regularly.

Berlin Heights Edison Woods Ravine MetroPark • F1 Substation • F2 SR 61 • F3 Tower Site South • F4 Tower Site West • F5 Tower Site NW • F6 Tower Site NE • F7 Driver Rd SW Sliver • F8 Driver Rd South • F9 Driver Rd North • F11 Smokey Rd West • F12 Smokey Rd Central • F13 Smokey Rd North A • F14 Smokey Rd North B • F15 Smokey Rd North C • F16 Deep Woods A • F17 Deep Woods B • F18 Smokey Rd East • F19 Prairie • F20 Orchard Field Edison Woods MetroPark Burn Areas

F13 F15 F11 F14 F16 F9 F12 F17 F8 F7 F18 F5 F6

F4 F3

F2 19NE

19NW 19SE F20 19SW

F1 Edison Woods MetroPark Wood Duck Boxes

3

4

N Mitigation Pool S Mitigation Pool

Rose Mallow Pond

PLANT List, Edison Woods thru 2016 Thursday, March 23, 2017

Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive L V Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Bracken X N Huperzia lucidula (Michx.) Holub Club-moss, Shining X N [Lycopodium l..] Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx) Fern, Christmas X N Schott Osmunda cinnamomea L. Fern, Cinnamon Xet N Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newm. Fern, Common Oak R L N E Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Fern, Fragile X N Osmunda claytoniana L. Fern, Interrupted X N Athyrium felix-femina (L.) Roth Fern, Lady X N Adiantum pedatum L. Fern, Maidenhair X N Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A.Gray Fern, Marginal Wood X N Thelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Nieuwl. Fern, New York X N Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro Fern, Ostrich X N Botrychium virginianum (L)Sw. Fern, Rattlesnake X N Onoclea sensibilis L. Fern, Sensitive X N Dryopteris carthusiana (Villars) Fuchs Fern, Spinulose Wood X N Botrychium dissectum Spreng Grape-fern, Dissected X N Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. Grape-fern, Leathery o N Diphasiastrum digitatum (Dill. ex Ground-Pine X N A.Braun) Holub ? Equisetum arvense L. Horsetail, Field X N Equisetum hyemale L. Scouring-rush, Tall X N Asplenium platyneuron (L.) BSP Spleenwort, Ebony X N 21 1 0

P Agalinis tenuifolia (M.Vahl) Raf. Agalinis, Slender (Gerardia) X N Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. Agrimony, Common X N Agrimonia parviflora Aiton Agrimony, Small-flowered X N Zizia aurea (L.) Koch Alexanders, Golden re N Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa X A Heuchera americana L. Alum-root, Common X N Anemone virginiana L. Anemone, Tall (Thimbleweed) X N

Page 1 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Anemone quinquefolia L. Anemone, Wood X N Angelica venenosa (Greenway) Fern. Angelica, Hairy o N Triglochin maritimum L. Arrow-grass, Seaside pl Z Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Arrowhead, Common o N Asparagus officinalis L. Asparagus, Garden X A Symphyotrichum urophyllum (Lindl.) Aster, Arrow-leaved X? N G.L. Nesom [Aster saggitifolius Wedem ex Willd.] Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L. Aster, Awl X N Nesom [Aster p..us Willd.] Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) G.L. Aster, Blue Wood Xet N Nesom [Aster c..us L.] Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) Aster, Calico X N [Aster l..us (L.) Britt.] Symphyotrichum undulatum (L.) G.L. Aster, Clasping Heart-leaved X? N Nesom [Aster u..us L.] Symphyotrichum prenanthoides (Muhl. Aster, Crooked-stemmed o N ex Willd.) G.L. Nesom [A. p..] Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (L.) Aster, Eastern Lined X N [Aster l..us Willd.[A.simplex] Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) G.L. Aster, Heath X N Nesom [Aster e.. L.] Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. [Aster m.. Aster, Large-leaved o N L.] Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) G.L. Aster, New England X N Nesom [Aster n.. L.] Symphyotrichum oolentangiense Aster, Prairie Heart-leaved re N (Riddell) G.L. Nesom [A. azureus] Symphyotrichum raceosum (Elliot) G.L. Aster, Small-headed X N Nesom [Aster r..us Elliott.[A.vimineus]] Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) [Aster Aster, Smooth X? N laevis L.] Doellingeria umbellata (Mill.) Nees Aster, Tall Flat-topped X N [Aster u..us Mill. Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) G.L. Aster, White Heath Xet N Nesom [Aster e.. L.] Eurybia divaricata (L.) G.L. Nesom [Aster Aster, White Wood X N divaricatus L.] Geum virginianum L. or laciniatum Avens, Rough X N Murray Geum vernum (Raf.) T & G. Avens, Spring X N

Page 2 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Geum canadense Jacq. Avens, White X N Geum aleppicum Jacq. Avens, Yellow o N Populus x jackii Sarg. Balm-of-Gilead? X A Actaea pachypoda Ell. Baneberry, White X N Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Simms Beard-tongue, Foxglove X N Galium aparine L. Bedstraw, Cleavers X N Galium asprellum Michx Bedstraw, Rough Xet N Galium concinnum T. & G. Bedstraw, Shining X N Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. Bedstraw, Small Three-lobed Xet N Galium obtusum Bigel. Bedstraw, Stiff Marsh X N Galium triflorum Michx. Bedstraw, Sweet-scented X N Galium mollugo L. Bedstraw, White X A Galium circaezans Michx. Bedstraw, Wild Licorice X N Epifagus virginiana (L.) Barton. Beech-drops C L N Bidens frondosa L. Beggar-ticks, Devils X N Bidens tripartita L. Beggar-ticks, Purple-stemmed X A Bidens vulgata Greene Beggar-ticks, Tall X N Campanula americana L. Bellflower, Tall X N Uvularia sessilifolia L. Bellwort, Sessile leaved (Merry-bells) X N Monarda fistulosa L. Bergamot, Wild X N Convolvulus arvensis L. Bindweed, Field R L A Calystegia sepium (L) R.Br. Bindweed, Hedge X N Lotus corniculatus L. Bird'sfoot-trefoil X A Mitella diphylla L. Bishop's-Cap (Mitrewort) X N Rudbeckia hirta L. Black-eyed Susan re N Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot X N Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers. Bluebells pl? N Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. Blue-eyed-Grass, Common X N Poa nemoralis L. Bluegrass, Forest Xet N Eupatorium perfoliatum L. Boneset, Common X N Eupatorium sessilifolium L. Boneset, Upland o N Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Buckwheat o A Polygonum scandens L. Buckwheat, Climbing False X N Ajuga reptans L. Bugle-weed, Carpet X A Lycopus virginicus L. Bugleweed, Virginia o N

Page 3 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Scirpus atrovirens Willd. Bulrush, Dark-green X N Scirpus pendulus Muhl. [S. lineatus] Bulrush, Drooping X N Scirpus polyphyllus Vahl Bulrush, Leafy X N Bolboschoenus fluviatalis (Torr.) J. Sojak Bulrush, River re N [Scirpus f..] Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Bulrush, Soft-stemmed X+re N (C.C.Gmel.) Palla [Scirpus validus] Juncus torreyi Coville Bulrush, Torrey's Xet N Arctium minus Bernh. Burdock, Common X A Lespedeza capitata Michaux Bush-clover X N Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britton Bush-clover, Slender X N Linaria vulgaris Miller Butter-and-Eggs X A Ranunculus fasicularis Muhl. Buttercup, Early o N T Ranunculus abortivus L. Buttercup, Kidney-leaved X N Ranunculus hispidus Michx var nitidus Buttercup, Swamp X N Ranunculus acris L. Buttercup, Tall X A Asclepias tuberosa L. Butterfly-weed X N Senecio glabellus Poir. Buttertop X A Silene latifolia Poir. Campion, White X A Lobelia cardinalis L. Cardinal-flower X N Smilax ecirrata (Engelm.) S.Wats. Carrion Flower, Upright X N Smilax herbacea L. Carrion-flower X? N Daucus carota L. Carrot, Wild (Queen Anne's Lace) X A Nepeta cataria L. Catnip X A Typha latifolia L. Cat-tail, Common X N Typha x glauca Godr. Cattail, hybrid X A X Typha angustifolia L. Cat-tail, Narrow-leaved X A X Ranunculus ficaria L. Celandine, Lesser X A X Anthemis sp. Chamomile, Wild X A Stellaria media (L.) Vill. Chickweed, Common X A Cerastium fontanum Chickweed, Common Mouse-eared X A Baumg.[C.vulgatum] Cichorium intybus L. Chicory X A Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr) DC Cicely, Smooth Sweet X N Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx) C.B.Clarke Cicely, Wooly Sweet X N Potentilla simplex Michx. Cinquefoil, Common X N

Page 4 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Potentilla norvegica L. Cinquefoil, Rough X N Potentilla recta L. Cinquefoil, Rough-fruited X A Potentilla arguta Pursh Cinquefoil, Tall pl Z Pilea pumila (L) A.Gray Clearweed, Common X N Trifolium hybridum L. Clover, Alsike X A Trifolium dubium Sibth. Clover, Litttle Hop- X A Trifolium campestre Schreber Clover, Low Hop- X A Trifolium pratense L. Clover, Red X A Trifolium repens L. Clover, White X A Xanthium strumarium L. Cocklebur X N Cimicifuga racemosa (L) Nutt. Cohosh, Black X N Caulophyllum thalictroides var. Cohosh, Giant Blue X N giganteum Farw. Tussilago farfara L. Coltsfoot X A Aquilegia canadensis L. Columbine X N Rudbeckia laciniata L. Coneflower, Cut-leaved X N Ratibida pinnata (Vent) Barnhart Coneflower, Gray-headed re N Rudbeckia subtomentosa ?? Coneflower, Sweet pl?? Z Rudbeckia triloba L. Coneflower, Three-lobed re N Coreopsis tripteris L. Coreopsis, Tall X N Oxyopolis rigidor (L.) Raf. Cowbane Xet N Geranium carolinianum L. Crane's-bill, Carolina X N Geranium pusillum L. Crane's-bill, Small-flowered X A Barbarea vulgaris R.Br. Cress, Common Winter X A Rorippa palustris (L) Besser Cress, Common Yellow X N Lepidum campestre (L.) R.Br. Cress, Cow (Field Peppergrass) X N Cardamine hirsuta L. Cress, Hoary Bitter X A Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Cress, Mouse-ear X A Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. Cress, Pennsylvania Bitter X N Cardamine douglassii Britton Cress, Purple Bitter X N Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb) BSP Cress, Spring X N Ranunculus sceleratus L. Crowfoot, Cursed X N Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. Crowfoot, Hooked X N Coronilla varia L. Crown-vetch X A Gnaphalium uliginosum L. Cudweed, Low X N

Page 5 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Veronicastrum virginium (L.) Farw. Culver's-root X+re N Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. Daisy, Ox-eye X A [Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.] Hesperis matronalis L. Dame's Rocket X A Taraxacum officinale Weber Dandelion, Common X A Commelina communis L. Dayflower, Common X A Hemerocallis fulva L. Day-lily, Orange X N Lamium purpureum L. Dead-nettle, Purple X A Penthorum sedoides L. Ditch-Stonecrop X N Rumex crispus L. Dock, Curled X A Cuscuta sp. Dodder, #2, incurved pet. o N Cuscuta gronovii Willd. Dodder, Common X N Apocynum cannabinum L. Dogbane, Indian-Hemp X N Apocynum x floribundum Greene Dogbane, Intermediate X N Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Dogbane, Spreading X N Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott. Dragon, Green X N Lemna minor L. Duckweed, Lesser X N Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. Dutchman's-Breeches X N Oenothera biennis L. Evening-primrose, Common X N Oenothera laciniata Hill Evening-primrose, Cut-leaved pl N Boltonia asteroides (L.) L'Her. False Aster Xet N Floerkea proserpinacoides Willd. False Mermaid X N Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell. False Pimpernel X N Erythronium albidum Nutt. Fawn-lily, White X N Erythronium americanum Ker. Fawn-lily, Yellow X N Scrophularia marilandica L. Figwort, Maryland X N Erigeron annuus (L) Pers. Fleabane, Daisy (toothy) X N Erigeron philadelphicus L. Fleabane, Philadelphia X N Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. Fleabane, Rough X N Hibiscus trionum L. Flower-of-an-hour X A Myosotis verna Nutt. Forget-me-not, Spring X N Myosotis scorpoides L. Forget-me-not, True X A Cyperus strigosus L. Galingale X N Allium vineale L. Garlic, Field X A Allium canadense L. Garlic, Wild X N

Page 6 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Gaura biennis L. Gaura, Biennial re N Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. Gentian, Bottle X N Geranium maculatum L. Geranium, Wild X N Agastache nepetoides (L.) Ktze. Giant-Hyssop, Yellow o N Asarum canadense L. Ginger, Wild X N Panax quinquefolius L. Ginseng, American o N Tragopogon dubius Scop. Goats-beard, Field X A Tragopogon pratensis L. Goats-beard, Yellow X A Solidago caesia L. Goldenrod, Blue-stemmed X N Solidago canadensis L. Goldenrod, Canada (+Tall) X N Solidago juncea Ait. Goldenrod, Early X N Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. Goldenrod, Flat-topped X N Solidago nemoralis Ait. Goldenrod, Gray X N Euthamia gymnospermoides Greene [E. Goldenrod, Great Lakes o N T remota Greene] Oligoneuron riddellii (Frank ex Riddell) Goldenrod, Riddell's re N Rydb. [Solidago riddellii Frank ex Riddell] Solidago patula Muhl.ex Willd. Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Xet N Solidago speciosa Nutt. Goldenrod, Showy re N Solidago gigantea Aiton Goldenrod, Smooth X N Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small var Goldenrod, Stiff re N rigidum [Solidago rigida L.] Solidago bicolor L. Goldenrod, White C L N Solidago flexicaulis L. Goldenrod, Zigzag X N Echinochloa crus-galli (L) Beauv. Grass, Barnyard X N Andropogon gerardi Vitman. Grass, Big Bluestem re N Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Grass, Bluejoint re N P.Beauv Elymus hystrix L. [Hystrix patula] Grass, Bottlebrush X N Panicum latifolium L Grass, Broad-leaved Panic Xet N Poa compressa L. Grass, Canada Blue X A Elymus canadensis L. Grass, Canada Wild Rye re N Alopecurus carolinianus Walt. Grass, Carolina Foxtail X N Andropogon virginicus L. Grass, Common Broom-sedge X N Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Grass, Common Reed X A X Steudel Cinna arundinacea L. Grass, Common Wood-Reed X N Page 7 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Panicum clandestinum L. Grass, Deer's-tongue X N Bromus tectorum L. Grass, Downy Brome X A Elymus villosus Muhl. Grass, Downy Wild Rye X N Sporobolus sp. Grass, Dropseed X N Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. Grass, Fall Panic X N Poa sylvestris A.Gray Grass, Forest Blue X N Panicum dichotomum L. Grass, Forked Panic o N Glyceria striata (Lam.)A.Hitch. Grass, Fowl Manna X N Setaria faberi Herrm. Grass, Giant Foxtail X A Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Grass, Hairy Crab X A Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash Grass, Indian re N Poa pratensis L. Grass, Kentucky Blue X Z Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nees. Grass, Little Bluestem X+re N Brachyelytrum erectum L. Grass, Long-awned Wood o N Eragrostis minor Host.? Grass, Low Love X A Lolium pratense (Huds.) Darbyshire Grass, Meadow Fescue? X A [Festuca pr..sis] Muhlenbergia schreberi Gmel. Grass, Nimblewill X N Panicum lanuginosum Ell. [P. Grass, Old Field Panic X N acuminatum Sw.] Dactylis glomerata L. Grass, Orchard X A Lolium perenne L. Grass, Perennial Ryegrass X A Danthonia spicata (L.) P.Beauv. Grass, Poverty Oat X? N Spartina pectinata Link. Grass, Prairie Cord re N Elymus repens (L.) Gould (Agropyron) Grass, Quack X A Agrostis gigantea Roth. [A.alba] Grass, Redtop X N Phalaris arundinacea L. Grass, Reed Canary X A X Leersia oryzoides (L) Swartz Grass, Rice Cut X N Panicum microcarpon Muhl. Grass, Small-fruited Panic X N Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl. Grass, Smooth Crab X A Hordeum jubatum L. Grass, Squirrel-tail Barley X A Panicum virgatum L. Grass, Switch X N Tridens flavus (L) A.Hitchc. Grass, Tall Redtop X N Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) BSP Grass, Tickle X N Phleum pratense L. Grass, Timothy X A Elymus virginicus L. Grass, Virginia Wild Rye X N Page 8 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Leersia virginica Willd. Grass, White X N Panicum capillare L. Grass, Witch- X N Bromus pubescens Muhl. ex Willd? Grass, Woodland Brome X? N ['purgans'] Setaria pumila (Poir) Roem. & Schult. [S. Grass, Yellow Foxtail X A glauca (L.) Beauv.] Lithospermum arvense L. Gromwell, Corn X A Glechoma hederacea L. Ground Ivy X A Physalis heterophylla Nees. Ground-cherry, Clammy X N Physalis longifolia Nutt. Ground-cherry, Smooth X N Apios americana Medicus Groundnut, Common o N Senecio vulgaris L. Groundsel, Common X A Hieracium pilosella L. Hawkweed, Mouse-ear X A Gratiola neglecta Torr. Hedge-Hyssop, Clammy X N Stachys aspera Michx. Hedge-nettle, Rough X N Stachys tenuifolia Willd. Hedge-nettle,Common o N Lamium amplexicaule L. Henbit X A Hepatica acutiloba DC. Hepatica, Sharp-lobed X N Geranium robertianum L. Herb Robert X N Amphicarpa bracteata (L.) Fern. Hog-peanut X N Cryptotaenia canadensis (L) DC Honewort, X N Humulus lupulus L. Hops, Common X N Monarda punctata L. Horsemint, Dotted pl Z Solanum carolinense L. Horse-nettle X Z Conzya canadensis (L.) Cronq. Horseweed, Common X Z Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (L.) Indian plantain, Pale re N H.Rob.[Cacalia a…a L.] Monotropa uniflora L. Indian-pipe Xet N Baptisia australis (L.) R.Br. Indigo, Blue False pl? Z Baptisia alba (L.) Vent. [leucantha] Indigo, White False re N Iris virginica L. or versicolor Iris, Larger Blue Flag X N Iris versicolor L. Iris, Northern Blue re Vernonia fasiculata Michx. Ironweed, Smooth re Z Vernonia gigantea (Walt)Trel ex Ironweed, Tall X N Branner & Coville Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott Jack-in-the-pulpit X N

Page 9 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem-artichoke X N Impatiens capensis Meerb. Jewelweed, Orange (Touch-me-not) X N Impatiens pallida Nutt. Jewelweed, Yellow C L N Datura stramonium L. Jimson-weed X A Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E. Joe-pye-weed, Hollow-stemmed X N Lamont [Eupatorium f. Barratt] Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E. Lamont Joe-Pye-Weed, Purple (Sweet) X N [Eupatorium p.. L.] Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E. Lamont Joe-pye-weed, Spotted X? N [Eupatorium m..L.] Hieracium caespitosum Dumort King Devil, Yellow X A Centuarea stoebe L. [C. maculosa] Knapweed, Spotted (X) A X Polygonum aviculare L. Knotweed, Prostrate X A Polygonum virginianum L. Knotweed, Virginia X N Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters X A Delphinium exaltatum Aiton Larkspur, Tall Xet N Allium tricoccum Ait. Leek, Wild X N Lespedeza cuneata Lespedeza, Korean C M A X Lactuca serriola L. Lettuce, Prickly X A Lactuca canadensis L. Lettuce, Wild X N Lactuca saligna L. Lettuce, Willow-leaved X A Lilium michiganense Farw. Lily, Michigan X N Sauruus cernuus L. Lizard's-tail U L N Lobelia siphilitica L. Lobelia, Great Blue X N Lobelia inflata L. Lobelia, Indian-Tobacco X N Lobelia spicata Lam. Lobelia, Pale spike x-jm N Lysimachia ciliata L. Loosestrife, Fringed X N Lythrum salicaria L. Loosestrife, Purple X A X Lysimachia quadrifolia L. Loosestrife, Whorled X N Phryma leptostachya L. Lopseed X N Malva neglecta Wallr. Mallow, Common (Cheeses) X? A Sida spinosa L. Mallow, Prickly X A Prosartes lanuginosa (Michx.) G.Don Mandarin, Yellow X N [Disporum …] Caltha palustris L. Marsh-Marigold X N Podophyllum peltatum L. Mayapple X N

Page 10 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Medicago lupulina L. Medick, Black X A Acalypha virginica L.var rhomboidea Mercury, Three-seeded X N Cooperr. Asclepias syriaca L. Milkweed, Common X N Asclepias incarnata L. Milkweed, Swamp X N Polygala sanguinea L. Milkwort, Purple (Field) X N Mentha arvensis L. Mint, Field X N Lunaria annua L. Money-plant pl A Lysimachia nummularia L. Moneywort X A Mimulus ringens L. Monkey-flower, Common X N Mimulus alatus Ait. Monkey-flower, Sharp-winged X N Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. Morning-glory, Ivy-leaved X A Leonurus cardiaca L. Motherwort, Common X A Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrader Mountain-mint, Narrow-leaved X? N Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) Robins. Mountain-mint, Virginia re N & Fern. Artemesia vulgaris L. Mugwort, Common X A Verbascum thapsus L. Mullein, Common X A Verbascum blatteria L. Mullein, Moth X A Brassica nigra (L.) Koch Mustard, Black X A Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb) Cavara & Mustard, Garlic X A X Grande Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. Nettle, False X N Urtica dioica L. Nettle, Stinging X N Solanum dulcamara L. Nightshade, Bittersweet X A Solanum nigrum L. [S. ptychanthum] Nightshade, Black X N Circaea lutetiana L. Nightshade, Common Enchanter's X N Carduus nutans L. Nodding-thistle X A Cyperus sp. Nut-sedge, a common one X N Avena sativa L. Oats X A Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. Obedient-plant re N Allium cernuum Roth Onion, Nodding re N Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz. Orchid, Helleborine R A Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. Orchid, Ladies'-tresses, Nodding X N Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. Orchid, Long-bracted X N E [Habenaria viridis]

Page 11 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. [Orchis s…] Orchis, Showy X N Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet Ox-eye, Smooth re N Picris hieracioides L. Ox-tongue, Hawkweed U L A Pastinaca sativa L. Parsnip, Wild X A X Mitchella repens L. Partridge-berry Xet N Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Partridge-pea X N Greene. Lathyrus latifolius L. Pea, Everlasting X A Thlaspi arvense L. Penny-cress, Field X A Lepidum virginicum L. Peppergrass X N Vinca minor L. Periwinkle, Common X A Phlox divaricata L. Phlox, Blue X N Phlox paniculata L. Phlox, Garden X N Amaranthus retroflexus L. Pigweed, Red-root X A Amaranthus hybridus L. Pigweed, Smooth X A Erechtites hieracifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC. Pilewort X N Anagallis arvensis L. Pimpernel, Scarlet X A Matricaria discoidea DC Pineapple-weed X A Dianthus armeria L. Pink, Deptford X A Plantago major L. Plantain, Common X A Plantago lanceolata L. Plantain, English X A Plantago rugelii Decne. Plantain, Rugel's(Pale) X N Conium maculatum L. Poison-hemlock X A X Phytolacca americana L. Pokeweed X N Potamogeton foliosus Raf.? Pondweed, Leafy X? N Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. Prairie-dock re N Portulaca oleracea L. Purslane, Common X A Antennaria parlinii Fernald [A. Pussy-toes, Plantain-leaved X N plantaginifolia (L.) Richardson] Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pavon Quickweed, Common X A Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Ragweed, common X N Ambrosia trifida L. Ragweed, Giant X N Packera aurea (L.) [Senecio aureus L.] Ragwort, Golden X N Packera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.) W.A. Ragwort, Round-leaved X N Weber [Senecio o..us Muhl. ex Willd. Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. Rattlesnake Plantain, Downy X N

Page 12 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. Rattlesnake-master X (re) N Prenanthes altissima L. Rattlesnake-root, Tall o N Prenanthes alba L. Rattlesnake-root, White X N Collinsonia canadensis L. Richweed (Horsebalm) X N Hibiscus moscheutos L. Rose-mallow, Swamp pl? N +X Silphium integrifolium Michx. Rosinweed, Prairie pl Z Silphium trifoliatum L. Rosinweed, Whorled o,re N Thalictrum dioicum L. Rue, Early Meadow X N Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Lall. Rue, Tall Meadow Xet N Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & Rue-anemone X N Boiv. Juncus canadensis J.Gay ex Laharpe Rush, Canada re N Juncus dudleyi Wiegand Rush, Dudley's xet N Juncus marginatus Rostk. [biflorus]. Rush, Grass-leaved X N Juncus nodosus L. Rush, Knotted ? X? N Juncus tenuis Willd. Rush, Path X N Juncus acuminatus Michx. Rush, Sharp-fruited X N Juncus brachycarpus Engelm. Rush, Short-fruited X N Juncus effusus L. Rush, Soft X N Juncus bufonius L. Rush, Toad X N Cynanchum laeve (Michx.) Pers. Sand-vine X N Arenaria serpyllifolia L. Sandwort, Thyme-leaved X A Aralia nudicaulis L. Sarsaparilla, Wild Xet N Saxifraga pensylvanica L. Saxifrage, Swamp C L N Carex convoluta Mack. Sedge X N Carex appalachica J.M.Webber & P.Ball Sedge, Appalachian X N forme r P Carex communis Bailey Sedge, Beech X N Carex intumescens Rudge Sedge, Bladder Xet N Carex intumescens Rudge Sedge, Bladder Xet N Carex glaucodea Tuckerm. Sedge, Blue-green X N Carex tribuloides Wahl. Sedge, Blunt Broom X N Carex lurida Wahlenb. Sedge, Bottlebrush X N Carex platyphylla Carey Sedge, Broad-leaved Wood X N Carex bromoides Schkuhr ex Willd. Sedge, Brome Xet N

Page 13 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Carex buxbaumii Wahl. Sedge, Brown Bog Xet N Carex typhina Michx. Sedge, Cattail Xet N Carex blanda Dewey Sedge, Common Wood X N Carex cristatella Britton Sedge, Crested o N Carex festucacea Schk.ex Willd. Sedge, Fescue X? N Carex stipata Muhl.ex Willd. Sedge, Fox X N Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Sedge, Foxtail X N Carex frankii Kunth. Sedge, Frank's X N Carex crinita Lam. Sedge, Fringed X N Carex canescens L. Sedge, Glaucous X N Carex gracillima Schwein. Sedge, Graceful Xet N Carex amphibola Steud. Sedge, Gray Wood X? N Carex virescens Muhl.ex Willd. Sedge, Greenish o N Carex hirsutella Mack. Sedge, Hairy Green X N Carex hirtifolia Mackenz. Sedge, Hairy-leaved o N Carex lupulina Muhl.ex Willd. Sedge, Hop X N Carex interior L.H. Bailey Sedge, Interior Xet N Carex jamesii Schwein. Sedge, James' o N Carex lacustris Willd. Sedge, Lakebank o N Carex pedunculata Willd. Sedge, Long-stalked o N Carex granularis Muhl.ex Willd. Sedge, Meadow X N Carex projecta Mack. Sedge, Necklace Xet N Carex cephalophora Muhl. Sedge, Oval-headed X? N Carex pensylvanica Lam. Sedge, Pennsylvania X N Carex scoparia Schkuhr.ex Willd. Sedge, Pointed Broom X N Carex hystericina Muhl. Sedge, Porcupine X N Carex radiata (Wahlenb.)Small Sedge, Radiate X N Carex shortiana Dewey Sedge, Short's X N Carex conjuncta Boott. Sedge, Soft Fox X N Carex squarrosa L. Sedge, Squarrose X N Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. Sedge, Stellate Xet N Carex swanii (Fernald) MacKenzie Sedge, Swan's X N Carex laxiflora Lam. Sedge, Two-edged X N Carex albursina Sheldon Sedge, Wing-stemmed Wood X N Carex woodii Dewey Sedge, Wood's o N

Page 14 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Carex pellita Muhl. ['lanuginosa'] Sedge, Wooly X N Carex annectans Bicknell Sedge, Yellow Fox X? N Ludwigia alternifolia L. Seedbox X N Prunella vulgaris L. Self-heal(Heal-all) X A Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Shepherd's-Purse X A Pyrola elliptica Nutt. Shinleaf X N Scutellaria lateriflora L. Skullcap, Mad-dog X N Symplocarpus foetidus (L) Salisb. ex Skunk-cabbage X N Barton Polygonum persicaria L. Smartweed, Ladies'-thumb X A Polygonum cespitosum Blume Smartweed, Long-bristled X A Polygonum lapathifolium L. Smartweed, Nodding X N Polygonum pensylvanicum L. Smartweed, Pennsylvania X N Polygonum amphibium L. Smartweed, Water o N Sanicula gregaria E.P. Bicknell Snakeroot, Clustered Xet N Sanicula canadensis L. Snakeroot, Short-styled X N Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & Snakeroot, White X N H.Rob. [Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.] Chaenorrhinum minus (L.) Lange Snapdragon, Dwarf X? A Helenium autumnale L. Sneezeweed re N Saponaria officinalis L. Soapwort (Bouncing Bet) X A Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf. Solomon's-plume, X N Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh Solomon's-seal, Hairy X N Smilacina stellata Desf. Solomon's-seal, Starry False X N Rumex acetosella L. Sorrel, Sheep X A Sonchus arvensis L Sow-thistle, Field X A Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Sow-thistle, Spiny-leaved X A Mentha spicata L. Spearmint Xet A Veronica officinalis L. Speedwell, Common X A Veronica arvensis L. Speedwell, Corn X A Veronica peregrina L. Speedwell, Purslane X N Veronica serpyllifolia L. Speedwell, Thyme-leaved X A Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. Spiderwort, Ohio re N Aralia racemosa L. Spikenard X N Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schultes Spike-rush, Blunt X N Eleocharis erythropoda Steud. Spike-rush, Red-footed X N Page 15 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) Schultes Spike-rush, Slender X N Claytonia virginica L. Spring-beauty X N Euphorbia maculata L. Spurge, Prostrate X A Euphorbia nutans Lag. Spurge, Spotted X N Dicentra canadensis (Goldie) Walp. Squirrel-corn o N Hypericum perforatum L. St.-John's-wort, Common X A Hypericum mutilum L. St.Johns-wort, Small-flowered X N Hypericum punctatum Lam. St.-John's-wort, Spotted X N Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Star-of-Bethlehem X A Hackelia virginiana (L.) I. M. Johnston Stickseed, Common X N Stellaria graminea L. Stitchwort, Common o A Stellaria longifolia Willd. Stitchwort, Long-leaved X N Fragaria virginiana Duchesne Strawberry, Virginia X N Oenothera perennis L Sundrops, Small pl? N Helianthus annuus L. Sunflower, Common X Z Helianthus grosseserratus Martens. Sunflower, Sawtooth re N Helianthus divaricatus L. Sunflower, Woodland X N Melilotus albus Medik. Sweet-Clover, White X A Melilotus officinalis (L)Lam. Sweet-Clover, Yellow X A Polygonum saggitatum L. Tearthumb, Arrow-leaved X N Polygonum arifolium L. Tearthumb, Halberd-leaved o N Dipsacus fullonum L. Teasel, Common X A X Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Tenore Thistle, Bull X A Cirsium arvense (L) Scop. Thistle, Canada X A X Eupatorium altissimum L. Thoroughwort, Tall re N Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton Tickseed Sunflower, Midwest Xet N Bidens cernua L. Tickseed-Sunflower, Nodding X N Bidens coronata (L.) Britt.(or polylepis) Tickseed-Sunflower, Showy A L N Desmodium canadense (L.) DC Tick-trefoil, Canada re N Desmodium glutinosum (Willd.) Wood Tick-trefoil, Cluster-leaved X N Desmodium paniculatum (L) DC Tick-trefoil, Panicled X N Triosteum perfoliatum L. Tinker's-weed X N Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) A.W.Wood Toothwort, Common X N [Dentaria …] Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Toothwort, Cut-leaved X N Sw.[Dentaria laciniata] Page 16 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Trillium flexipes Raf. Trillium, Drooping X N Trillium grandiflorum (Michx) Salisb. Trillium, Large-flowered X N Chelone glabra L. Turtlehead o N Liparis lilifolia (L.) Rich. Twayblade R L N Cyperus odoratus L. [ferruginescens] Umbrella-sedge, Rusty X N Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Velvet-leaf X A Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. Venus'-looking-glass X N Verbena hastata L. Vervain, Blue X N Verbena urticifolia L. Vervain, White X N Vicia sp. Vetch, a purple X A Viola saggitata Ait. Violet, Arrow-leaved o N Viola sororia Willd. Violet, Common Blue X N Viola pubescens Ait. Violet, Common Yellow X N Viola cucullata Ait. Violet, Marsh Blue X N Viola palmata var palmata L. Violet, Palmate-leaved Xet N Viola triloba Schwein Violet, Three-lobed X N Clematis virginiana L. Virgin's-bower X N Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacMill. Water Stargrass X? N Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Watercress U L A Hayek Cicuta maculata L. Water-Hemlock X N Lycopus americanus Muhl. Water-horehound, Cut-leaved X N Lycopus rubellus Moench Water-horehound, Stalked Xet N Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Michaux Waterleaf, Appendaged X N Hydrophyllum virginianum L. Waterleaf, Virginia X N Wolffia columbiana Karsten Water-meal X N Myriophyllum sp. (prob.spicatum) Water-milfoil, a o A X Sium suave Walt. Water-parsnip re? N Polygonum hydropiper L. Water-pepper X N Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Waterpepper, Mild X N Samolus parviflorus Raf. [S. floribundus] Water-pimpernel X N Alisma subcordatum Raf. Water-plantain, Southern X N Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. Water-purslane X N Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel Water-shield X (re) N Lupinus perennis L. Wild Lupine pl N

Page 17 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Epilobium coloratum Biehler Willow-herb, Purple-leaved X N Epilobium parviflorum Schreb. Willow-herb, Sm.-flow. Hairy X A X Verbesina alternifolia (L)Britt. Wingstem X N Laportea canadensis (L.) Wedd. Wood-nettle X N Oxalis stricta L. Wood-sorrel, Common yellow X N Oxalis dillenii Jacq. Wood-sorrel, Southern Yellow X N Oxalis violacea L. Wood-sorrel, Violet Xet N Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth Wool-grass X N Dioscorea villosa L. Yam, Wild X N Achillea millefolium L. Yarrow X A Packera glabellus (Poir.) C. Jeffrey Yellowtop X N [Senecio g.. Poir.] Yucca filamentosa L. Yucca pl A 543 4 15

T Amelanchier sp. Amelanchier #2 X N Malus pumila Mill. [Pyrus malus] Apple, Common X A Fraxinus nigra Marshall Ash, Black X N Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall Ash, Red and Green X N Fraxinus americana L. Ash, White X N Populus grandidentata Michx. Aspen, Bigtooth X N Populus tremuloides Michaux Aspen, Quaking X N Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. Autumn-olive X A X Berberis thunbergii DC Barberry, Japanese X A Tilia americana L. Basswood X N Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Beech, American X N Celastrus scandens L. Bittersweet, American X N Rubus pensilvanicus Poir. Blackberry, Pennsylvania Xet N Viburnum prunifolium L. Black-haw Xet N Staphylea trifolia L. Bladdernut C L N Vaccinium sp. Blueberry, a Lowbush o N Rubus occidentalis L. Bramble, Black Raspberry X N Rubus allegheniensis Porter. Bramble, Common Blackberry X N Rubus flagellaris Willd. Bramble, Northern Dewberry X N Rhamnus cathartica L. Buckthorn, European X A X

Page 18 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Rhamnus frangula L. Buckthorn, Glossy X A X Juglans cinerea L. Butternut X N forme r P Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Buttonbush X N Catalpa speciosa (Warder) Engelm. Catalpa, Northern X Z Prunus avium L. Cherry, Sweet X A Prunus serotina Ehrh. Cherry, Wild Black X N Castanea dentata (Marsh) Borkh. Chestnut, American X N P Prunus virginiana L. Choke Cherry X N Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot Chokeberry, Black Xet N Gymnocladus dioica (L.) Koch. Coffee-tree, Kentucky X N Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench Coralberry X N Populus deltoides Marsh Cottonwood X N Malus coronaria (L.) Mill. [Pyrus c..] Crabapple, Wild X N Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr.) Creeper, Thicket X N A.Hitch.[P.inserta] Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L) Planch. Creeper, Virginia X N Ribes americanum Mill. Currant, American Black X N Ribes sativum Syme. Currant, Garden Red o E Cornus florida L. Dogwood, Flowering X N Cornus racemosa Lam. Dogwood, Gray (Panicled) X N Cornus serica L. [stolonifera] Dogwood, Red-Osier o N Cornus drummondi C.A.Meyer Dogwood, Rough-leaved X N Cornus amomum Mill. Dogwood, Silky X N Sambucus canadensis L. Elderberry or Common Elder X N Ulmus rubra Muhl. Elm, Red (Slippery) X N Ulmus pumila L. Elm, Siberian X A X Ulmus americana L. Elm, White (American) X N Ribes cynosbati L. Gooseberry, Prickly X N Vitis vulpina L. Grape, Frost X N Vitis riparia Michx. Grape, Riverbank X N Vitis aestivalis Michx. Grape, Summer X N Smilax hispida Muhl. Greenbrier, Bristly X N Smilax glauca Walter Greenbrier, Cat Xet N Smilax rotundifolia L. Greenbrier, Common X N Celtis occidentalis L. Hackberry X N Page 19 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Cratageus sp. Hawthorn, a X N Cratageus crus-galli L. Hawthorn, Cockspur X N Corylus americana Walt. Hazel, American X N Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K.Koch Hickory, Bitternut X N Carya illinoinensis (Wang.) K. Koch Hickory, Northern Pecan o Z Carya ovata (Mill.) K.Koch Hickory, Shagbark X N Carya laciniosa (Michx.) G. Don Hickory, Shellbark X N Carya ovalis (Wang) Sarg. Hickory, Sweet Pignut X N Gleditsia triacanthos L. Honey-locust X N Lonicera maacki (Rupr.) Maxim. Honeysuckle, Amur X A X Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honeysuckle, Japanese X A X Lonicera morrowii A.Gray Honeysuckle, Morrow X A X Lonicera tatarica L. Honeysuckle, Tartarian X A X Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K.Koch Hop-Hornbeam X N Carpinus caroliniana Walt. Ironwood, (Amer. Hornbeam) X N Toxicodendron radicans (L) Ktze. Ivy, Poison X N Rhodotypos scandens (Thunb.) Makino Jet-bead R E Robinia pseudoacacia L. Locust, Black X Z Acer negundo L. Maple, Ash-leaved(Box-elder) X N Acer platanoides L. Maple, Norway X A X Acer rubrum L. Maple, Red X N Acer saccharinum L. Maple, Silver X N Acer saccharum Marsh Maple, Sugar X N Philadelphus coronarius L. Mock-orange,European, R E Menispermum canadense L. Moonseed X N Sorbus acuparia L. Mtn.-Ash, European o E Morus rubra L. Mulberry, Red X N Morus alba L. Mulberry, White X A Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Ninebark pl? N Quercus velutina Lam. Oak, Black X N Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Oak, Bur X N Quercus palustris Muenchh. Oak, Pin X N Quercus rubra L. Oak, Red X N Quercus bicolor Willd. Oak, Swamp White X N Quercus alba L. Oak, White X N

Page 20 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneider Osage-orange X Z Pinus strobus L. Pine, White X Z Prunus americana Marsh Plum, Wild X N Ligustrum vulgare L. Privet, Common X A X Juniperus virginiana L. Red-cedar, Eastern X N Rosa setigera Michx. Rose, Climbing Prairie X N Rosa canina L. Rose, Dog X A X Rosa multiflora Thunb. Rose, Multiflora X A X Rosa carolina L. Rose, Pasture X N Rosa blanda Aiton Rose, Smooth Xet N Rosa palustris Marsh. Rose, Swamp X N Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees Sassafras X N Amelanchier laevis Wieg. Serviceberry (Juneberry) X N Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S.F. Blake Snowberry Xet N Nyssa sylvatica Marsh Sour-gum (Black-gum) X N Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Spicebush X N Euonymous europaeus L. Spindle-tree, European X A X Euonymous obovatus Nutt. Strawberry-bush, Running X N Rhus glabra L. Sumac, Smooth X N Rhus typhina L. [R. hirta] Sumac, Staghorn X N Platanus occidentalis L. Sycamore X N Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Tree-of-Heaven X A X Campsis radicans (L) Seem ex Bureau Trumpet-creeper X Z Liriodendron tulipifera L. Tulip-poplar X N Viburnum recognitum Fern. Viburnum, Arrow-wood X N Viburnum dentatum L. Viburnum, Arrow-wood Xet N Viburnum opulus L. Viburnum, Euro. Cranberry X A Viburnum acerifolium L. Viburnum, Maple-leaved X N Viburnum lentago L. Viburnum, Nannyberry X N Euonymous atropurpureus Jacq. Wahoo X N Euonymous alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. Wahoo, Winged (burning bush) X? A X Juglans nigra L. Walnut, Black X N Salix nigra Marsh Willow, Black X N Salix matsudana Koidz Willow, Corkscrew? X E Salix eriocephala Michx. (S. rigida) Willow, Heart-leaved X N

Page 21 of 22 Code SciName Common Name EWP Origin Listed Invasive Salix discolor Muhl. Willow, Pussy X N Salix exigua Nutt. (S. interior) Willow, Sandbar X N Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray Winterberry o N Euonymous fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.- Wintercreeper, Chinese X A X Mazz. Hamamelis virginiana L. Witch-hazel X N 129 2 16

693 693 7 31

Page 22 of 22

Vertebrates of Edison Woods MetroPark thru 2011 Monday, June 11, 2012

Group Common Name EWP A Frog, Bull X Frog, Gray Tree X Frog, Green X Frog, Leopard X Frog, Spring Peeper X Frog, Western Chorus X Frog, Wood X Salamander, Jeffersonian complex X Salamander, Marbled X Salamander, Red-backed X Salamander, Slimy X Salamander, Spotted X Toad, American X 13

13

F Bullhead? X 1

1

M Badger O Bat, Big Brown X Bat, Little Brown X Bat, Northern Long-eared X Bat, Red X Bat, Silver-haired X Bat, Tricolored X Chipmunk, Eastern X Coyote X Deer, White-tailed X Fox, Gray O

Page 1 of 2 Group Common Name EWP Fox, Red O Mole species X Mouse, Deer O Mouse, House O Mouse, Meadow Jumping O Mouse, White-footed O Muskrat X Opossum, Virginia X Rabbit, Eastern Cottontail X Raccoon X Shrew, Masked O Shrew, Short-tail O Shrew, Smoky O Skunk, Striped X Squirrel, Fox X Squirrel, Red X Squirrel, Southern Flying X Vole, Meadow X Weasel, Long-tail O Woodchuck X 31

31

R Snake, Brown X Snake, Eastern Garner X Snake, Fox X Turtle, Box X Turtle, Midland Painted X 5

5

50

Page 2 of 2 Tuesday, June 12, 2012 Mosses and Liverworts for Edison Woods thru 2011 Common Name SciName EWP Moss Anomodon attenuatus X Moss Anomodon rostratus X Moss Atrichum angustatum X Moss Aulacomnium heterostichum X Moss Aulacomnium palustre X Moss Brachythecium rutabulum X Moss Brachythecium salebrosum X Moss Bryoandersonia illecebra X Moss Callicladium haldanianum X Moss Climacium americanum X Moss Dicranella heteromalia X Moss Dicranum fulvum X Moss Entodon seductrix X Moss Fissedens adianthoides X Moss, star Hedwigia ciliata X Moss Homomallium adnatum X Moss Hypnum lindbergii X Moss Hypnum pallescens X Moss Plagiomnium cuspidatum X Moss Platygyrium repens X Moss Thuidium delicatulum X Liverwort Chilocyphus pallescens X Liverwort Frullania eboracensis X Moss Brachythecium acuminatum X Moss Brachythecium oxycladon X Moss Bryhnia graminicolor X Moss Ceratodon purpureus X Moss Fissidens taxifolius X Moss Orthotrichum pumilum X Moss Plagiothecium cavifolium X Moss Polytrichum ohioense X Moss Schistidium rivulare X Moss Sphagnum subsecundum X

Page 1 of 2 Common Name SciName EWP Moss Dicranum scoparium X Moss Plagiothecum denticulatum X Moss Sphagnum inundatum (var of X subsecundum) 36

Page 2 of 2 Birds of Edison Woods MetroPark thru 2016 Tuesday, February 07, 2017

Species EWP Canada Goose Summer Resident Tundra Swan Migrant Wood Duck Summer Resident Gadwall Spring Migrant American Wigeon Spring Migrant Black Duck Spring Migrant Mallard Duck Resident Blue Wing Teal Spring Migrant Shoveler Duck Spring Migrant Northern Pintail Spring Migrant Green-winged Teal Spring Migrant Redhead duck Spring Migrant Ring-necked Duck Spring Migrant Bufflehead Spring Migrant Hooded Merganser Summer Resident Wild Turkey Year-round Resident Common Loon Fall Migrant Pied-billed Grebe Spring Migrant Horned Grebe Spring Migrant Double-crested Cormorant Flyover American Bittern Spring Migrant Great Blue Heron Summer Visitor Great Egret Summer Visitor Green Heron Summer Resident Turkey Vulture Summer Resident Osprey Spring Migrant Bald Eagle Yearround Flyover Northern Harrier Winter Visitor Sharp-shinned Hawk Migrant Cooper's Hawk Yearround Resident Red Shouldered Hawk Yearround Resident Broad-winged Hawk Spring Migrant Red-tailed Hawk Yearround Resident

Page 1 of 6 Species EWP Rough-legged Hawk Winter Visitor American Kestrel Yearround Resident-rare Merlin Spring Migrant Virginia Rail Spring Migrant Sora Spring Migrant American Coot Spring Migrant Killdeer Summer Resident Greater Yellowlegs Spring Migrant Solitary Sandpiper Spring Migrant Spotted Sandpiper Spring Migrant Common Snipe Spring Migrant American Woodcock Summer Resident Bonaparte's Gull Migrant Ring-billed Gull Flyover Herring Gull Flyover Rock Pigeon Yearround Resident Mourning Dove Yearround Resident Black-billed Cuckoo Spring Migrant Yellow-billed Cuckoo Summer Resident Screech Owl Yearround Resident Great Horned Owl Yearround Resident Barred Owl Yearround Resident Short-eared Owl Winter Visitor- rare Nighthawk Spring+fall Migrant Chimney Swift Summer Resident Ruby-throated Hummingbird Summer Resident Belted Kingfisher Summer Resident Red-headed Woodpecker Migrant, former Resident Red-bellied Woodpecker Yearround Resident Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Winter Visitor Downy Woodpecker Yearround Resident Hairy Woodpecker Yearround Resident Yellow-shafted Flicker Yearround Resident Pileated Woodpecker Yearround Resident Olive-sided Flycatcher Spring Migrant - rare

Page 2 of 6 Species EWP Eastern Wood Pewee Summer Resident Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Spring Migrant Acadian Flycatcher Summer Resident Willow Flycatcher Summer Resident Least Flycatcher Spring Migrant Eastern Phoebe Summer Resident Great Crested Flycatcher Summer Resident Eastern Kingbird Summer Resident White-eyed Vireo Spring Migrant Yellow Throated Vireo Summer Resident Blue-headed Vireo Spring Migrant Warbling Vireo Summer Resident Red-eyed Vireo Summer Resident Blue Jay Yearround Resident American Crow Yearround Resident Horned Lark Yearround Resident Purple Martin Summer Resident off site Tree Swallow Summer Visitor Rough-winged Swallow Summer Resident Bank Swallow Spring Visitor Cliff Swallow Summer Resident off site Barn Swallow Summer Resident Black-capped Chickadee Yearround Resident Tufted Titmouse Yearround Resident Red-breasted Nuthatch Winter Visitor White-breasted Nuthatch Yearround Resident Brown Creeper Winter Visitor Carolina Wren Yearround Resident House Wren Summer Resident Winter Wren Winter Visitor Sedge Wren Spring Migrant, rare summer Golden-crowned Kinglet Winter Visitor Ruby Crowned Kinglet Spring Migrant Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Summer Resident Eastern Bluebird Yearround Resident

Page 3 of 6 Species EWP Veery Summer Resident Gray-cheeked Thrush Spring Migrant Swainson's Thrush Spring Migrant Hermit Thrush Spring Migrant Wood Thrush Summer Resident American Robin Resident most of year Gray Catbird Summer Resident Northern Mockingbird Summer Visitor Brown Thrasher Summer Resident Starling Yearround Resident American Pipit Spring Migrant Cedar waxwing Summer Resident Blue-winged Warbler Summer Resident Tennessee Warbler Spring Migrant Nashville Warbler Spring Migrant Parula Warbler Spring Migrant Yellow Warbler Summer Resident Chestnut-sided Warbler Summer Resident? Magnolia Warbler Spring Migrant Cape May Warbler Spring Migrant Black-throated Blue Warbler Spring Migrant Yellow-rumped Warbler Spring Migrant; Winter visitor Black-throated Green Warbler Spring Migrant Blackburnian Warbler Spring Migrant Pine Warbler Spring Migrant Prairie Warbler Spring Migrant Palm Warbler Spring Migrant Bay-breasted Warbler Spring Migrant Blackpoll Warbler Spring Migrant Cerulean Warbler Summer Resident? Black and White Warbler Summer Resident - rare American Redstart Summer Resident Ovenbird Summer Resident Northern Waterthrush Spring Migrant Louisiana Waterthrush Summer Resident - rare

Page 4 of 6 Species EWP Kentucky Warbler Spring Migrant Mourning Warbler Spring Migrant Common Yellowthroat Summer Resident Hooded Warbler Summer Resident Wilson's Warbler Spring Migrant Yellow-breasted Chat Summer Resident - rare Scarlet Tanager Summer Resident Northern Cardinal Yearround Resident Rose-breasted Grosbeak Summer Resident Indigo Bunting Summer Resident Rufous Sided Towhee Summer Resident Tree Sparrow Winter Visitor Chipping Sparrow Summer Resident Field Sparrow Summer Resident Vesper Sparrow Spring Migrant Savannah Sparrow Summer Resident? Grasshopper Sparrow Summer Resident? Henslow's Sparrow Summer Resident? - rare Fox Sparrow Spring Migrant Song Sparrow Yearround Resident Lincoln's Sparrow Spring Migrant Swamp Sparrow Yearround Resident White-throated Sparrow Winter Visitor White-crowned Sparrow Spring Migrant Dark-eyed Junco Winter Visitor Red-winged blackbird Summer Resident Eastern Meadowlark Summer Resident Rusty Blackbird Spring+fall migrant Common Grackle Summer Resident Brown-headed Cowbird Summer Resident Orchard Oriole Summer Resident Baltimore Oriole Summer Resident Purple Finch Spring Migrant - rare House Finch Yearround Resident American Goldfinch Yearround Resident

Page 5 of 6 Species EWP House Sparrow Yearround Resident 174

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