Mansfield Awarded Laetare Medal Former Senate Majority Leader Comes Just a Year After He An of Montana in 1933 and 1934
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#The Observer an independent student newspaper serving notre dame and st. mary's _ , Vol. XI, No. 98 Tuesday, March 22, 1977 ND to host civil rightsconference The country’s first major confer tions and movements. Foreign Relations. ence on human rights under aca Among those from abroad are demic auspices will be held April Ben Whittaker, from the Minority Issues to be covered in sessions 27-30 at Notre Dame. Rights Group; Karl Vasak, director at the University’s Center for of the International Institute of Continuing Education include A. H. Robertson, former director Human Rights; Nigel S. Rodney, minority rights and the self-deter of human rights in the Council of Amnesty International, and Ro mination of peoples, monitoring Europe’s secretariat and a pro berta Cohen and Jerome J. Shes- human rights violations, human fessor of law at the University of tack of the International League for rights and foreign assistance, and Paris, will deliver the annual Civil Human Rights. humanitarian intervention and Rights Lectures as part of the intercession. About 20 persons international symposium, which is Dr. Ernst Benda, president of from Communist and Third World sponsored by the Law School’s the Constitutional Court of the areas have been invited as dis Center for Civil Rights. Robert Federal Republic of Germany, will cussants. son’s first lecture on April 27 will deliver a special April 25 address in be a global assessment of the advance of the symposium. He will According to the director of the human rights situation and his speak on human rights and inter Civil Rights Center, Dr. Donald P. second on April 29 will treat the national law under the West Kommers, the conference reflects Helsinki Agreement and human German Constitution. the fact that the Center’s initial rights. emphasis on domestic civil rights Also involved in the meeting are has been extended to include Rev. Joseph Gremillion, former Representatives of several inter activities in international human national human rights organiza secretary of the Pontifical Commis rights. tions will be part of the conference, sion on Justice and Peace in Rome as will several scholars in the field and currently a faculty fellow at The Center was founded with a and two U.S. congressmen-Indi Notre Dame, and University presi grant from the Ford Foundation in ana’s Third District Representative dent, Fr. Theodore M. Hesburgh, 1973. Its main purposes are the John Brademas, the majority whip whose interest in human rights establishment of a civil and human in the House, and Donald M. stems his chairmanship of the rights research and documentation Fraser (D., Minn.), chairman of the Rockefeller Foundation and of the center and the discursive explorat House Foreign Affairs subcom Overseas Development Council and ion of current civil and humar mittee on international organiza his membership on the Council on rights issues. Mansfield awarded Laetare Medal Former Senate Majority Leader comes just a year after he an of Montana in 1933 and 1934. He Mike Mansfield is the 95th recipi nounced his retirement from the was a tenured professor of Latin ent of Notre Dame’s Laetare Med Senate after 34 years in Washing American and Far Eastern history al, according to a recent announce ton, 15 as Senate majority leader. at his alma mater when elected to ment. He is currently a member of a the 78th Congress in 1943 from the “Throughout a Congressional five-man Presidential commission state’s First District. Workmen climb trees and cut down branches in a valiant effort career under seven presidents and sent earlier this week to Vietnam After ten years in the House, he to keep dead branches from falling on students. during the longest tenure of any and Laos to seek information on ran successfully for the Senate in [Photo by Kevin Walsh] floor leader in the upper chamber, some 2,500 Americans missing in 1953. Four years later, he was Mr. Mansfield exhibited a style of action in the Vietnam War. appointed assistant majority whip leadership as effective as it was Mansfield was bom in 1903 in and succeeded Lyndon B. Johnson understated,” commented Fr. Greenwich Village, N.Y., the son of in 1961 as majority leader, a post Theodore M. Hesburgh, University Irish immigrant parents. With the he held until the current congress Prime minister Gandhi president. “He wrote a record of death of his mother, he was sent at convened last Jan. 3. integrity as a public servant which the age of three to live with an aunt When he announced his retire is an example to those who would -and uncle in Montana. He lied ment, Senate observers noted the to resign today advance the common good in a about his age to enlist in the Navy modest manner and openness he NEW DELHI, India [AP] - Prime Congress for Democracy, a Janata legislative arena of competing in at 14 and subsequently also saw brought to one of the most influ Minister Indira Gandhi, whose grip ally. terests,” he added. service in both the U.S. Army and ential positions on the Hill, a style on power seemed assured only a Desai was Mrs. Gandhi’s deputy Marine Corps. which contrasted with the arm- few months ago, will resign Tues prime minister in 1969 when she The Laetare Medal, which has He worked as a miner and twisting strategies of his predeces day after losing her Parliament seat split the party in a power struggle been awarded annually since 1883 mining engineer in Butte, Mont., sors. As one put it, Mansfield in last week’s Indian general with conservatives. He and other to an outstanding American Catho between 1922 and 1930. He left transformed the Senate from “A election, her spokesman said. conservatives formed the Opposi lic, is always announced on the the mines at the urging of his wife, docile body ruled by a senior Opposition leaders began laying tion Congress, which merged with fourth Sunday of Lent, from which Maureen, who supported him oligarch to an asssertive body of the foundation for a new govern three other opposition groups last it derives its name. For the through high school and B.A. and coequals.” ment committed to democratic January to form the Janata. degrees from the University Under Mansfield, the strangle ideals, as late returns yesterday Desai was among the first op hold of the filibuster was broken, indicated Mrs. Gandhi’s Congress ponents of Mrs. Gandhi arrested the majority leader’s front-row party might lose its grip on under the state of emergency on desk was often given over to a Parliament for the first time since June 26,1975. He was released last committee chairman who wanted to independence 30 years ago. Jan. 18, when she relaxed emer steer a bill through floor debate, An opposition spokesman said gency regulations and announced and younger members were en the new government’s first priority the new elections. couraged to sponsor innovative would be the dismantling of auth Ram, leader of India’s 85-mil- legislation. As one editorial writer oritarian system set up by Mrs. lion-strong Untouchables caste, commented, “ Senator Mansfield’s Gandhi during the 21-month state was the senior member of the contribution was to welcome of emergency, which sparked a cabinet until he resigned last change and gently hurry it along.” voter revolt that led to her downfall month to form the Congress for An early critic of Vietnam, after 11 years in office. Democracy. Ram was re-elected to Mansfield could not prevent deep With 393 of the 542 seats in the Parliament from Bihar state, by ening American involvement, but lower house decided, the new more than 300,000 votes, one of the he helped build Congressional Janata Peoples party and its non- biggest margins of any candidate. opposition to the war. He once told Communist allies held 211, only 61 Desai won re-election, from Gujar reporters he was proudest of the short of a majority, with 149 still to at state by only 21,000 votes. passage of the 18-year-old vote and be decided. In Washington, State Depart of his role in the formation of The Congress party, which won ment officials said it was too early Senate committees to investigate two-thirds of the seats in the 1971 to judge the effect of the voting on Watergate and the Central Intelli elections, had only 134 seats, while U.S.-Indian relations. The Janata gence Agency. the pro-Moscow Communists had manifesto pledges adherence to Mansfield is only the third seven and independents and re India’s traditional policy of non- Laetare Medal recipient to have gional groups accounted for the alignment “free from any attach served in the House or Senate. rest. ment to any power bloc.” Clare Booth Luce, who received the Janata spokesman Surinder Mo The chief architects of the emer award in 1957, was a former han said the opposition would be gency were among those defeated congresswoman, and President able to form a govermnent and at the polls. John F.Kennedy, honored in 1961, announce its choice for prime Mrs. Gandhi’s controversial 30- had, like Mansfield, served both minister by Thursday. year-old son Sanjay, considered the House and Senate. Political sources said the most one of the major powers behind the The occasion for the presentation likely candidates to succeed Mrs. emergency, lost his first try for of the medal, first given as a means Gandhi were the Janata chairman, Parliament. of bringing recognition to Catholics 81-year-old former Deputy Prime With Mrs.