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Hormone-Sensitive Lipase - New Roles in Adipose Tissue Biology

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Hormone-Sensitive Lipase - New Roles in Adipose Tissue Biology Hormone-Sensitive Lipase - New roles in adipose tissue biology Ström, Kristoffer 2008 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Ström, K. (2008). Hormone-Sensitive Lipase - New roles in adipose tissue biology. Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Univeristy. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Till min älskade familj CONTENTS LIST OF PAPERS ...................................................................................................................................................6 ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................7 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................................9 OBESITY ..............................................................................................................................................................9 Obesity epidemic ..............................................................................................................................................9 Energy imbalance.............................................................................................................................................9 Visceral obesity ..............................................................................................................................................10 Genetic background .......................................................................................................................................10 Obesity and disease........................................................................................................................................11 Prevention.......................................................................................................................................................11 INSULIN RESISTANCE....................................................................................................................................12 Glucose and insulin resistance ......................................................................................................................12 Glucose homeostasis....................................................................................................................................................12 Defects in glucose uptake in muscle............................................................................................................................13 Defects in glucose uptake in adipose tissue ................................................................................................................13 Glucose control by the liver.........................................................................................................................................13 Lipids and insulin resistance..........................................................................................................................14 Insulin effects on adipose tissue ..................................................................................................................................14 The Randle cycle..........................................................................................................................................................14 NEFA and insulin resistance .......................................................................................................................................15 INSULIN SECRETION......................................................................................................................................16 Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.............................................................................................................16 Adaptation to insulin resistance.....................................................................................................................16 NEFA and secretory defects...........................................................................................................................16 DIABETES MELLITUS.....................................................................................................................................17 Type 1-diabetes...............................................................................................................................................17 Type 2-diabetes...............................................................................................................................................18 Gestational diabetes.......................................................................................................................................18 MODY.............................................................................................................................................................18 Hallmarks of T2D...........................................................................................................................................18 Treatment........................................................................................................................................................19 ADIPOSE TISSUE..............................................................................................................................................20 WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE................................................................................................................................20 Adipogenesis...................................................................................................................................................21 Early adipocyte differentiation....................................................................................................................................21 Key regulators in terminal adipogenesis.....................................................................................................................24 PPARγ.....................................................................................................................................................................24 C/EBP .....................................................................................................................................................................25 SREBP-1c...............................................................................................................................................................25 Transcriptional coregulators...................................................................................................................................27 Adipokines ......................................................................................................................................................27 Leptin............................................................................................................................................................................28 Adiponectin ..................................................................................................................................................................28 Resistin .........................................................................................................................................................................29 Visfatin .........................................................................................................................................................................29 Retinol binding protein 4.............................................................................................................................................29 White adipose tissue inflammation ................................................................................................................30 TNFα............................................................................................................................................................................30 Non-adipocyte origin of proinflammatory mediators .................................................................................................31 Obesity and macrophage infiltration in WAT .............................................................................................................31 MCP-1 and chemotaxis................................................................................................................................................32
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