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RIRDC Completed Projects in 2011–12 and Research in Progress at June 2012 Essential Oils and Plant Extracts SEPTEMBER 2012 RIRDC Publication No. 12/073 ESSENTIAL OILS AND PLANT EXTRACTS RIRDC Completed Projects in 2011–12 and Research in Progress at June 2012 September 2012 RIRDC Publication No 12/073 © 2012 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-74254-415-1 ISSN 1440-6845 RIRDC completed Projects in 2011–12 and Research in Progress at June 2012 – Essential Oils and Plant Extracts Publication No. 12/073 The information contained in this publication is intended for general use to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the development of sustainable regions. You must not rely on any information contained in this publication without taking specialist advice relevant to your particular circumstances. While reasonable care has been taken in preparing this publication to ensure that information is true and correct, the Commonwealth of Australia gives no assurance as to the accuracy of any information in this publication. The Commonwealth of Australia, the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC), the authors or contributors expressly disclaim, to the maximum extent permitted by law, all responsibility and liability to any person, arising directly or indirectly from any act or omission, or for any consequences of any such act or omission, made in reliance on the contents of this publication, whether or not caused by any negligence on the part of the Commonwealth of Australia, RIRDC, the authors or contributors. The Commonwealth of Australia does not necessarily endorse the views in this publication. This publication is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. However, wide dissemination is encouraged. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the RIRDC Publications Manager on phone 02 6271 4165. Researcher Manager Contact Details Alison Saunders Essential Oils and Plant Extracts Program PO Box 4776 Kingston ACT 2604 Phone:(02) 6271 4124 Fax: (02) 6271 4199 Email: [email protected] In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to RIRDC publishing this material in its edited form. RIRDC Contact Details Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Level 2, 15 National Circuit BARTON ACT 2600 PO Box 4776 KINGSTON ACT 2604 Phone: 02 6271 4100 Fax: 02 6271 4199 Email: [email protected]. Web: http://www.rirdc.gov.au Electronically published by RIRDC in September 2012 Print-on-demand by Union Offset Printing, Canberra at www.rirdc.gov.au or phone 1300 634 313 ii Foreword RIRDC produces summaries of completed and continuing projects for each financial year. Our intention is to: • Provide stakeholders with early access to the results of ongoing and completed work to inform their decisions, and • Inform researchers of results to shape research direction. Essential Oils and Plant Extracts RIRDC Completed Projects 2011–12 and Research in Progress at June 2012 contains short summaries of projects funded by the Program. The Program aims to provide R & D to provide the knowledge and skills base for industry to provide high, consistent and known qualities in their essential oils and plant extracts products that respond to market opportunities and enhance profitability. The objectives for the Essential Oils and Plant Extracts Program are to: 1. Improve production systems to raise productivity and control over product qualities 2. Support the demonstration of safety and effectiveness of Australian products and facilitate the satisfaction of regulatory requirements to enhance market access 3. Support new ideas that provide potential for growing the market for Australian product 4. Improve the industry and research capacity. This report is an addition to RIRDC’s diverse range of over 2000 research publications most of which are available for viewing, free downloading or purchasing online at www.rirdc.gov.au. Purchases can also be made by phoning 1300 634 313. Craig Burns Managing Director Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation iii Contents Completed Projects 2011–2012 Improved production systems PRJ-008303 Monitoring myrtle rust in a lemon myrtle provenance trial ............................................... 1 Demonstration of safety and effectiveness and satisfaction of regulatory requirements PRJ-006257 Bioactive extracts from Australian native plants for the personal care industry ............... 2 Improve industry and research capacity PRJ-004698 The Melaleuca Book ........................................................................................................... 4 iv Research in Progress at June 2012 Improved production systems PRJ-004786 Tropical sandalwood silviculture management to minimise fungal attack ........................ 6 PRJ-004897 Development of commercial artemisinin production in Australia ..................................... 7 PRJ-004905 Agronomic and extraction parameters for Centipeda cunninghamii production ............... 8 PRJ-007524 Discovery of genetic resistance markers to myrtle rust in Myrtaceae ................................ 9 PRJ-007240 Investigating control options for myrtle rust in native foods ........................................... 10 Demonstration of safety and effectiveness and satisfaction of regulatory requirements PRJ-007285 Determination of residues in riberries, lemon and anise myrtle and satin ash ................. 11 Improve the industry and research capacity PRJ-000462 Production of Newsletter of the Essential Oil Producer's Association of Australia ........ 12 PRJ-004594 Application of molecular genetics to improvement of yield in oil mallees ..................... 13 Other supported activities Collaborative Programs A range of collaborative projects applicable to the tea tree oil, native foods, essential oils and plant extracts industries as they respond to myrtle rust have been summarised above (PRJ-008303, PRJ- 007524, PRJ-007240 and PRJ-007285). In addition a communications/training package has been compiled for the purposes of myrtle rust training. PRJ-005158 Development of the Kakadu Plum Industry in Northern Australia (in collaboration with the Dynamic Rural Communities Indigenous Program) Scholarships PRJ-008346 RIRDC "Tony Byrne Memorial" Post graduate "top-up" scholarship - Matthew Wilson. This research aims to understand the climatic, topographical and other site-specific factors affecting the production of plant extracts from Tasmannia. lanceolata within a plantation setting. New Projects PRJ-008048 Bioactive extracts for the personal care industry; Phase 2. v Completed Projects - Improved Production Systems PRJ-008303 Monitoring myrtle rust in a lemon myrtle provenance trial Start Date: 08/11/2011 Finish Date: 18/05/2012 Researcher: John Doran Organisation: John Doran Email: [email protected] Objectives The principal aim of the project is to identify if there is any naturally inherent myrtle rust resistance in a 1995-96 genepool planting of Backhousia citriodora (lemon myrtle) seedlots and clones at Beerburrum in SE Queensland. Any rust resistant plant types (phenotypes) will be marked in the trial during final assessment in March 2012. It is proposed that, if rust-resistance is found in the taxa, these selections be vegetatively propagated into separate breeding populations in a follow-on project. These populations will form the basis for further studies of rust resistance in this species and be the prime source of rust- resistant cultivars for release to the native food and other industries using Backhousia citriodora. Background Cultivars of B. citriodora currently in use in plantations for native food and essential oil production and in the nursery trade are moderately to highly susceptible to an exotic rust fungus, Puccinia psidii sensu lato (s.l.) (syn Uredo rangelii), commonly known as myrtle rust. These industries urgently require rust resistant planting stock of this species if they are to maintain production and organic status. Research Variation in incidence and severity of rust attack was found between and within provenances of in a genepool planting of the species at B. citriodora Beerburrum in southeastern Queensland. Families from southern Queensland provenances had a low level of infection in comparison with sources from far northern Queensland. Nineteen plants of one family from Woondum were clear of any rust attack when assessed in May 2012. Outcomes Rust resistant plant types (phenotypes) were marked during the May 2012 assessment for potential transfer by cloning to other sites for further testing. Recommendations on how best to take advantage of these research findings was presented in the final report. Implications This project has shown that it may be possible to select rust resistant cultivars of to replace the susceptible cultivars that are presently used by the B. citriodora native food, essential oil and nursery industries. Caution is warranted, however, as there is still much to learn about the disease and this was but one assessment of disease incidence and severity at one time. Further research on the phenotypes showing most resistance to attack is recommended The identification in this myrtaceous species of some inherent resistance to myrtle rust offers hope that similar resistance will be found in other Australian species that are presently under heavy fungal attack. 1 Completed Projects - Demonstration
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