Banksia Marginata

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Plants of South Eastern New South Wales Branches with cones. Photographer Russell Best, Anglesea, Vic Flowering stem. Photographer Don Wood, Monga State Forest east of Braidwood Shrub. Australian Plant Image Index, photographer Murray Fagg, about 45km SSE of Queanbeyan Tree. Photographer Beeac Vic Casliber Common name Silver banksia Family Proteaceae Where found Forest, woodland, heath, grassy areas, stream banks, and gullies. Widespread, but few records from the Western Slopes. Notes Shrub or tree to about 12 m high. Leaf tips sometimes with a sharp point. Bark tessellated and grey on older shrubs and trees, thin and brown on younger shrubs. Branchlets rusty hairy. Leaves alternating up the stems, 1–8 cm long, 2–15 mm wide, upper surface dark green, lower surface white-tomentose, reticulate veins usually conspicuous, tips usually mucronate, margins generally entire but sometimes the juvenile leaves are toothed and persisting until flowering. Flower heads 30–130 mm long, of many flowers. Individual flowers pale yellow to greenish yellow, with 4 'petals' each 16–24 mm long, splitting to the base when the flowers are fully open. Style straight or gently curved, remaining on mature cones. Cones 30–130 mm long. Flowers mainly Jan.–Jul. Seeds with one wing. Hybrids with Banksia conferta subsp. penicillata have been recorded. All native plants on unleased land in the ACT are protected. PlantNET description: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl? page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Banksia~marginata (accessed 30 April 2021) Author: Betty Wood. This identification key and fact sheets are available as a free mobile application: Android edition iOS edition Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY).

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PROTEACEAE – It's All About Pollination
PROTEACEAE – it’s all about pollination …….Gail Slykhuis Illustration Philippa Hesterman, images Ellinor Campbell & Marg McDonald A predominantly southern hemisphere plant family, Proteaceae is well represented in Australia, particularly in the West, but we do have our own equally special local representatives, some of which are outlined below. A characteristic feature of many genera within this plant family is the ‘pollen presenter’, which is a fascinating mechanism by which the pollen, which would otherwise be difficult to access for potential pollination vectors such as bees, birds and nectarivorous mammals, is positioned on the extended style of the flower, facilitating cross- pollination. The stigma, which is part of the style, is not mature at this time, thus avoiding self-pollination. A hand lens would enable you to clearly see pollen presenters on the following local representatives: Banksia marginata, Grevillea infecunda, Hakea spp., Isopogon ceratophyllus and Lomatia illicifolia. It is interesting to note that both Victorian Smoke-bush Conospermum mitchellii and Prickly Geebung Persoonia juniperina, also found in our district, do not have pollen presenters. Silver Banksia Banksia marginata This shrub or small tree is readily recognisable when flowering (Feb – July) by the conspicuous yellow pollen presenters, which are an obvious floral part of the banksia flower. These flowers then slowly mature into our iconic woody banksia cones. It is interesting to observe the changes in the nature of the pollen presenters as the flower develops. The white undersides of the leathery leaves provide a clue to the choice of common name with their tip being characteristically blunt or truncate. Anglesea Grevillea Grevillea infecunda One of our endemic plants, the Anglesea Grevillea was first named in 1986 and is Anglesea Grevillea found in several locations north west of Anglesea.
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diversity Article Managing Genetic Diversity and Representation in Banksia marginata (Proteaceae) Seed Production Areas Used for Conservation and Restoration Linda Broadhurst 1,* , David Bush 2 and Jim Begley 3 1 Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia 2 Australian Tree Seed Centre, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; [email protected] 3 Goulburn Broken Catchment Management Authority, P.O. Box 124, Benalla, VIC 3671, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Landscape degradation is a major threat to global biodiversity that is being further exac- erbated by climate change. Halting or reversing biodiversity decline using seed-based restoration requires tons of seed, most of which is sourced from wild populations. However, in regions where restoration is most urgent, wild seed sources are often fragmented, declining and producing seed with low genetic diversity. Seed production areas (SPAs) can help to reduce the burden of collecting native seed from remnant vegetation, improve genetic diversity in managed seed crops and contribute to species conservation. Banksia marginata (Proteaceae) is a key restoration species in south-eastern Australia but is highly fragmented and declining across much of its range. We evaluated genetic diversity, population genetic structure and relatedness in two B. marginata SPAs and the wild popula- Citation: Broadhurst, L.; Bush, D.; tions from which the SPA germplasm was sourced. We found high levels of relatedness within most Begley, J. Managing Genetic Diversity remnants and that the population genetic structure was best described by three groups of trees.
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