Federal Aviation Administration Runway Safety
Presented to: RASG – Pan America Meeting By: James white, Deputy Director Airport Safety and Standards, FAA Date: November, 2009 Reducing Safety Surface Operations Risk Factors
Minimal separation and rapid pace
High-speed operations with little margin for error
Complex environment
Low visibility in poor weather
Combination of Factors Minimizes Safety Margin
Federal Aviation 2 2 November 2009 Administration All Categories of Runway Incursions
Rate est.
18.08* as Operations per 1,000,000 Airport Incursions Runway of 09/30/09 1200 1009 Runway IncursionRate 18.0 892 951 1000 816 779 17.23 16.0
800 14.57 14.0
600 13.34
12.36 12.0 400
10.0 200
0 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 63.01 61.13 61.15 58.56 52.59
Airport Operations (millions) * Rates are based on Estimated Tower Operations
Federal Aviation 3 3 November 2009 Administration Category A&B Runway Incursions
0.600 IncursionRate Category A&BRunway Runway Incursions per 1,000,000 Airport Operations per 1,000,000 Airport Incursions Runway 0.507 60 0.460 0.500 0.427 50 0.392 0.400
Rate est. 0.228 * 40 31 as of 09/30/09 29 Performance Reference = 0.300 25 0.472 * 30 24 0.200 20 12 0.100 10
0.000 0 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 63.01 61.13 61.15 58.56 52.59 Airport Operations (millions)
* Rates are based on Estimated Tower Operations
Federal Aviation 4 4 November 2009 Administration ParticipationParticipation inin RSATsRSATs
Federal Aviation 5 5 November 2009 Administration ParticipationParticipation inin RSATsRSATs
The preliminary inspection of the movement area includes:
1. Identifying non-standard marking, lighting, and signs. 2. Examining problem intersections for potentially confusing visual aids. 3. Review any past RSAT recommendations related to pilot visual aids for proper implementation.
Federal Aviation 6 6 November 2009 Administration During the airfield tour, the Team noted that when exiting Runway 2 onto Taxiway Bravo, a destination sign blocked a taxiway direction sign for Taxiway November.
N
Federal Aviation 7 7 SGFNovember 2009 Administration Some pilots mistakenly believe that the takeoff end of Runway 3 is straight ahead.
Taxiway Echo straight ahead is a dead end at Combat Air Museum and Army National Guard area. Southwest
Left turn to Runway 3.
Federal Aviation 8 8 FOENovember 2009 Administration Recommendation – Highlight the taxiway centerline from Alpha around the corner towards Runway 3 and install a surface painted destination sign for Runway 3.
Southwest
Federal Aviation 9 9 FOENovember 2009 Administration Recommendation Implemented
Federal Aviation 10 10 FOENovember 2009 Administration pConduct recurrent ground vehicle training, especially for seasonal procedures.
Federal Aviation 11 11 November 2009 Administration Runway Safety Initiatives
•FAA Call to Action - Reducing Runway Incursions •Enhanced and Alternative Airport Markings •New Airfield Lighting Systems and Sources •Runway End Safety Areas (RESAs) •Engineered Material Arresting Systems (EMAS) •Wildlife Hazard Mitigation •Safety Management Systems (SMS) •FAA Airport Technology R&D
Federal Aviation 12 12 November 2009 Administration New Airport Markings
Enhanced Taxiway Centerline Surface Holding Position Signs http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/airports/airport_safety/signs_marking/
Federal Aviation 13 13 November 2009 Administration Runway Status Lights (RWSL) Configurations
Runway Entrance Lights (RELs) Takeoff Hold Lights (THLs)
Federal Aviation 14 14 November 2009 Administration RWSL – Runway Entrance Lights (RELs)
Alternating • Yellow and Green
•
Old Standard New Standard
Federal Aviation 15 15 November 2009 Administration RWSL – Take-Off Hold Lights (THLs)
Alternating • Yellow and Green
•
Old Standard New Standard
Federal Aviation 16 16 November 2009 Administration RWSL Installation Plan
• RWSL will be installed at 22 ASDE-X airports • Contract awarded fall 2008 • FAA owns, operates, and maintains entire system • Complete installations end of 2012.
Federal Aviation 17 17 November 2009 Administration RUNWAY SAFETY AREAS
• RSAs HAVE EMERGED AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT INVESTMENTS AT OUR AIRPORTS.
Federal Aviation 18 18 November 2009 Administration LESSONS LEARNED • BURBANK, CALIFORNIA
Federal Aviation 19 19 November 2009 Administration Burbank EMAS
Federal Aviation 20 20 November 2009 Administration Successful EMAS Capture
Courtesy: ESCO
EMAS capture of a Boeing 747 at JFK International Airport, NY January 2005
Federal Aviation 21 21 November 2009 Administration Successful EMAS Capture
EMAS capture of a Falcon 900 at Greenville Downtown Airport, SC July 17, 2006
Federal Aviation 22 22 November 2009 Administration Wildlife Hazard Mitigation
Federal Aviation 23 23 November 2009 Administration WildlifeWildlife HazardHazard MitigationMitigation R&DR&D (RPD(RPD 150)150)
•• Purpose:Purpose: ReduceReduce WildlifeWildlife StrikeStrike RiskRisk toto AircraftAircraft
Federal Aviation 24 24 November 2009 Administration Wildlife Hazard Management
• When air carrier experiences a multiple bird strike, engine ingestion, or damaging collision with wildlife other than birds, airport must do a Wildlife Hazard Assessment. • If required then must develop a Wildlife Hazard Management Plan
Federal Aviation 25 25 November 2009 Administration Wildlife Hazard Management Plan
• Provide measures to alleviate or eliminate wildlife hazards. • Identify persons who have authority for implementing the plan. • Priorities for needed habitat modification. • Identification of resources for the plan. • Procedures to be followed during air carrier operations. • Wildlife control measures.
Federal Aviation 26 26 November 2009 Administration Wildlife Hazard Mitigation
• Habitat modification – Grass height, – Type of grass, – Harrassment • Effigies – Relocation • Wildlife alerting system – Portable radar – Airport GIS overlay • DNA analysis at Smithsonian • Strike database (wildlife-mitigation.tc.faa.gov)
Federal Aviation 27 27 November 2009 Administration AvianAvian RadarRadar Examples of Commercial Systems
Federal Aviation 28 28 November 2009 Administration Deployment of Avian Radars • Seattle – SEA TAC Airport – Permanent Installation completed June 2007 • Oak Harbor – Whidbey NAS – AR-1 installed February 2009 • New York – JFK Airport – AR-1 and AR-2 deployed Summer 2009 • Boston Logan – Negotiating for Merlin radar installation Fall 2009 • Chicago – ORD – AR-1 and AR-2 deployed Summer 2009, 2009
Federal Aviation 29 29 November 2009 Administration Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting
• Ongoing research • New large aircraft mock-up • Extendable reach turret • Penetrating nozzle
Federal Aviation 30 30 November 2009 Administration Fire Research Mock-up Section
Federal Aviation 31 31 November 2009 Administration ARFF – Penetrating Nozzles
Federal Aviation 32 32 November 2009 Administration ARFF – High Reach Extendible Turret (HRET)
Current Generation • 2nd level penetration possible, however, vehicle will be too close to burning aircraft and aircraft must be level. • Penetrating nozzle should be as close to 90 deg. to skin as possible. • Penetrating nozzle should be in-line with boom arm.
Federal Aviation 33 33 November 2009 Administration Next Generation High Reach Extendible Turret (HRET)
Update: • Live Fire Testing – 80% Complete
• Timed system deployment – Completed
• Boom oscillation testing – Mechanical problems during preliminary testing – fixed & upgraded by OEM – Schedule for completion 3/09.
• Standoff distance during piercing operations - Completed
Federal Aviation 34 34 November 2009 Administration National Pavement Test Facility
• Pavement test machine
Federal Aviation 35 35 November 2009 Administration NAPTF Test Vehicle
Instrumented Test Track at the NAPTF, FAA Technical Center
Federal Aviation 36 36 November 2009 Administration CC5 Gear Configuration
Federal Aviation 37 37 November 2009 Administration Federal Aviation Automated FOD DetectionAdministration Why is the FAA Interested?
“It has become clearer that this was a unique accident caused by a one-off chance of a piece of metal lying on the runway“.
-Concorde crash Presented to: RASG – Pan America Meeting preliminary report By: James white, Deputy Director Airport Safety and Standards, FAA Date: November, 2009 Automated FOD Detection Available Technologies:
• QinetiQ – Tarsier Radar – Providence, RI (PVD) – Milimeter Wave Radar – Mounted on Rigid Towers • Stratech – iFerret – Chicago O’Hare (ORD) – High Resolution Camera – Mounted on Rigid Towers • X-Sight – FODetect – Boston Logan (BOS) – High Resolution Camera and Millimeter Wave Radar – Mounted on Airport Lighting Fixtures • Trex Enterprises – FOD Finder – Chicago Midway (MDW) – Milimeter Wave Radar and Infrared Cameras – Mounted on roof of Airport Vehicle
Federal Aviation 39 39 November 2009 Administration Federal Aviation Automated FOD DetectionAdministration
QinetiQ – Tarsier Radar, Providence, RI
Presented to: RASG – Pan America Meeting By: James white, Deputy Director Airport Safety and Standards, FAA Date: November, 2009 Automated FOD Detection
XSight - FODetect
Federal Aviation 41 41 November 2009 Administration Tarsier Camera in operation
Federal Aviation 42 42 November 2009 Administration Tarsier Camera in operation
Federal Aviation 43 43 November 2009 Administration Example FOD finds by the QinetiQ system
Federal Aviation 44 44 November 2009 Administration FOD Detection Radar
• R&D evaluation completed 2009 • FOD performance specification issued September 2009.
Federal Aviation 45 45 November 2009 Administration