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Vahit Gökta 3 7.Indd ilâhiyât Muhammed Es’ad-ı Erbilî —Hayatı, Eserleri ve Tasavvuf Felsefesi— Vahit Göktaş ISBN 978-605-4696-51-2 1. Baskı: Kasım 2013 Sertifika No: 13858 Mizanpaj: Tavoos Sayfa Düzeni: Tavoos Kapak: TN İletişim Baskı: Ankamat Mat. ilâhiyât Cinnah Cd. Kırkpınar Sk. 5/4 Çankaya / Ankara Tel: (0312) 439 01 69 Faks: (0312) 439 01 68 ilâhiyâ[email protected] MUHAMMED ES’AD-I ERBİLÎ HAYATI, ESERLERİ VE TASAVVUF FELSEFESİ Vahit Göktaş İÇİNDEKİLER ÖNSÖZ ............................................................................................................ 9 KISALTMALAR ........................................................................................... 11 GİRİŞ .............................................................................................................. 13 Muhammed Es’ad-ı Erbilî’nin Yaşadığı Ortama Genel Bir Bakış ...... 13 1. Siyasi Durum ........................................................................................ 14 a. İslâm Coğrafyasındaki Mücadeleler ..............................................17 b. Kuzey Irak ......................................................................................... 19 2. SOSYAL DURUM .................................................................................20 3. TASAVVUFÎ DURUM ......................................................................... 22 4. TASAVVUFÎ YAYIN ORGANLARI VE CEMİYETLER .................. 25 a. Tasavvufî Yayın Organları:.............................................................. 26 2. Muhibbân .............................................................................................. 27 3. Tasavvuf ................................................................................................28 4. Mihrab ....................................................................................................29 5. Hikmet ................................................................................................... 30 6. Mahfil ..................................................................................................... 30 b. Tasavvufî Cemiyetler ....................................................................... 31 1. Cemiyyet-i Sufiyye-i İttihadiyye ........................................................ 31 2. Cemiyet-i Sûfiyye ................................................................................. 33 5. TEKKELERİN KAPATILMASI ...........................................................34 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM ŞEYH MUHAMMED ES’AD-I ERBİLÎ’NİN (1847-1931) HAYATI, YETİŞMESİ VE KİŞİLİĞİ ............................................................................. 37 1. ÇOCUKLUK VE GENÇLİK DEVRİ .................................................. 37 a. Soyu, Ailesi ve Doğumu ................................................................ 37 b. Evliliği ................................................................................................ 39 c. Yetişmesi ............................................................................................ 39 2. TASAVVUFA İNTİSABI ...................................................................... 40 a. Şeyhleriyle Münasebetleri ...............................................................40 b. Silsilesi ................................................................................................41 c. Şeyhi Tâhâ’l-Harîrî ............................................................................44 3. HAC VE SONRASI .............................................................................. 45 4. KELÂMÎ DERGÂHI ŞEYHLİĞİ ......................................................... 46 5. ERBİL’E SÜRGÜN EDİLİŞİ ................................................................ 49 a. Sürgün Edilişi .................................................................................... 49 b. Sürgüne Değişik Bir Bakış, Görünmeyen Yön .............................52 c. Erbil’de ................................................................................................56 6. İSTANBUL’A İKİNCİ GELİŞİ ............................................................. 56 7. MEŞRUTİYET ve GETİRDİKLERİ ..................................................... 57 8. MECLİS-İ MEŞÂYIH REİSLİĞİ .......................................................... 59 a. Meclis-i Meşâyıh ............................................................................... 60 b. Es’ad Efendi ve Dönemindeki Meclis ............................................61 9. MİLLİ MÜCADELE YILLARI ............................................................ 63 10. YENİ DÖNEM .................................................................................... 65 11. YETİŞTİRDİKLERİ ............................................................................. 70 a. Mektubat’taki isimler .......................................................................71 b. Halifeleri ............................................................................................ 72 12. ESERLERİ ............................................................................................ 80 a. Kenzü’l-İrfân ................................................................................... 80 b. Mektûbât ......................................................................................... 83 c. Divan ................................................................................................84 d. Risale-i Ehadiyye/Tevhid Risâlesi Tercümesi ............................ 86 e. Risâle-i Es’adiyye ............................................................................88 f. Fâtiha-i Şerîfe Tercümesi ............................................................... 88 g. Tercüme-i Kaside-i Münferice ......................................................88 h. Makâleleri ....................................................................................... 89 13. İLMİ, EDEBİ KİŞİLİĞİ ve HATIRALARI ........................................89 a. İlmî ve Edebî Kişiliği ........................................................................ 89 b. Hatıraları ve Hoşgörüsü .................................................................. 93 İKİNCİ BÖLÜM MUHAMMED ES’AD-I ERBİLÎ’NİN TASAVVUF ANLAYIŞI ............ 109 1. TASAVVUF.......................................................................................... 110 2. TARÎKAT ............................................................................................. 112 3. SEYR Ü SÜLÛK .................................................................................. 119 4. ZİKİR .................................................................................................... 123 5. İHLÂS .................................................................................................. 135 6. SOHBET ...............................................................................................140 7. DÜNYA ................................................................................................143 8. RÂBITA ................................................................................................148 9. RÜYA ....................................................................................................154 10. ÖLÜM ................................................................................................ 160 11. İLİM/MÂRİFET................................................................................. 165 12.VAHDET-İ VÜCÛD, ULÛHİYYET................................................. 170 13. TEFEKKÜR ........................................................................................181 14. MÜRŞİD ............................................................................................. 183 15. MÜRİD ............................................................................................... 188 16. NEFS ...................................................................................................191 17. TEVBE ................................................................................................ 197 18. İBADET .............................................................................................. 199 19. EDEB .................................................................................................. 205 20. UZLET ................................................................................................207 21. KERÂMET, KEŞF ............................................................................. 209 22. RIZIK ..................................................................................................211 23. ŞÜKÜR ............................................................................................... 215 24. DUA ................................................................................................... 217 25. ÇİLE .................................................................................................... 221 26. AŞK ..................................................................................................... 225 27. İNSAN ................................................................................................ 230 28. FAKR-TEVAZU ................................................................................ 233 29. NÜBÜVVET ...................................................................................... 237 SONUÇ ........................................................................................................ 243 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................... 245 BİBLİYOGRAFYA .....................................................................................
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