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4 Environmental Baseline E2566 V3 rev Public Disclosure Authorized Hebei Water Conservation Project II Environmental Impact Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences September 30, 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 GENERALS ........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................1 1.2 APPLICABLE EA REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS...........................................................................2 1.3 EIA CONTENT, ASSESSMENT KEY ASPECT, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION GOAL ..................3 1.4 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES AND PLANING.......................................................................................4 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................................6 2.1 SITUATIONS.....................................................................................................................................6 2.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS ...................................................................................................................8 2.3 PROJECT ANALYSIS .......................................................................................................................11 2.4 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS................................................................13 3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF PROJECT AREA ........................................................16 3.1 GEOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................................16 3.1.1 TOPOGRAPHY .............................................................................................................................16 3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMY ..........................................................................................................................17 3.3 GENERALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER CONSERVANCY WORKS ........................................18 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE....................................................................................................18 4.1 POLLUTION SOURCES....................................................................................................................18 4.2 SOIL QUALITY...............................................................................................................................19 4.3 PRESENT SITUATION OF SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT QUALITY................................................20 4.4 PRESENT SITUATION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY .......................................................................20 4.5 PRESENT SITUATION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY .......................................................................21 4.6 PRESENT SITUATION OF SOUND ENVIRONMENT QUALITY .............................................................21 5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT.............................................................................21 5.1 PROJECT POSITIVE IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT.........................................................................21 5.2 IMPACT OF WATER SAVING IRRIGATION ON WATER UTILIZATION AND GROUNDWATER LEVEL .........22 5.3 IMPACT OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON SOIL AND WATER ENVIRONMENT......................................25 5.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION.......................................................................33 5.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT........................................................................................................34 6 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS............................................................................................................36 6.1 GENERAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WITH OR WITHOUT PROJECT...............................................36 6.2 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IRRIGATION METHODS........................................................................36 7 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS..................................................................................37 7.1 PROJECT FINANCING .....................................................................................................................37 7.2 ECONOMIC BENEFIT ANALYSIS......................................................................................................38 7.3 SOCIAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS ...........................................................................................................38 7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS............................................................................................39 8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN...................................................................................40 1 8.1 GENERAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN...............................................................................40 8.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR DAMING COUNTY ...........................................................50 8.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR SHE COUNTY..................................................................51 9 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .............................................................................................................54 9.1 SURVEY OBJECTS AND METHOD ....................................................................................................54 9.2 SURVEY RESULTS ..........................................................................................................................55 10 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.............................................................................57 10.1 CONCLUSIONS OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION ASSESSMENT ......................................57 10.2 MAIN IMPACTS AND COUNTERMEASURES ....................................................................................57 10.3 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .....................................................................................59 ANNEX 1: GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT......................60 ANNEX2 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN ...........................................................63 2 1 Generals 1.1 Background China is an agricultural country with large populations and less cultivated lands which always restrict the development of the whole country. With the development of economy and the increase of populations, how to feed more than one billion population is always a matter of prime importance. China is also a country with frequent flood and drought disasters and short of water resources. Even though the total water resources volume takes the sixth place of the world, its per capita holding is only one fourth of that of the world level, making up the 110th place and was designated by the United Nations as one of the thirteen water lacking countries. Moreover, the limited water resources is distributed unevenly in terms of both space and time, which are more in the south and less in the north, more in the east and less in the west, more in summer and autumn and less in winter and spring. The composition of water and land resources is non-proportional. The water resources in North China where the land area constitutes 60% of the whole country accounts less than 20% of that of the whole country, and its seasonal and regional water shortage is very prominent. On the one hand, the water resources are very insufficent, and on the other hand, they are wasted seriously in agriculture sector. At present, the utilization factor of irrigation water in China is only 0.4, however, it can reach 0.80.9 in advanced countries, therefore, there are great potentials for water saving in agriculture in China. If the utilization factor of irrigation water in the constructed irrigated areas of China can be increased by 0.10.2, the annual water saving volume will reach 4080 billion cubic meters calculated as 400 billion cubic meters water consumption in agriculture and this will play an important role in alleviating the contradictions between water resources supply and demand. At present, the water use efficiency of irrigation water in China is very low, the cereal production per cubic meter water can’t reach 1.0 kilogram which is less than 50% of that in developed countries. Developing water saving irrigation is an important way for increasing the utilization efficiency of irrigation water, the comprehensive agricultural productivity and farmer’s income and promoting the sustainable utilization of water resources and the sustainable development of agriculture, which is of great significance in water- lacking districts. In order to raise enough funds, the state planed to borrow loan from the World Bank to develop water saving irrigation projects in Hebei province, meanwhile, undertake the construction of agricultural modification projects. 1.1.1 Review of Hebei Water Conservation Project I Hebei Water Conservation Project I, financed by the World Bank, covers a total 6 counties in two municipalities, Handan (Guantao, Feixiang, Linzhang, Chengan and She County), Shijiazhuang (Yuanshi county). The overall objectives of the project are 1 to increase the utilization factor of irrigation water; to increase the capability of comprehensive production of agriculture and farmers’ income and to promote the sustainable use of water resources and the sustainable development
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