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Equestrian Canada Drug Classification Scheme

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Equestrian Canada Drug Classification Scheme Equestrian Canada Drug Classification Scheme This Classification Scheme does not constitute a Prohibited List of banned substances not allowed in horses. Rather, it is designed to allow a hearing panel, after an equine medication violation has been determined, to determine the most appropriate sanction. The drugs, medications and types of substances listed under each Class are not exhaustive. The list in each Class provides examples of drugs, medications and types of substances with similar effects on a horse or that are considered equivalently serious when detected in a horse participating in an EC sanctioned competition. Sanctions will be imposed on a Class by Class basis. Class 1: - Substances which have no place in performing horses. Many of these compounds do not have legitimate medical uses in horses, and the remaining compounds would only be used for severely debilitated animals. Abuse of these compounds is of serious ethical (and many cases, legal) concern. - Most of these compounds are included in Schedules 1 and 3 of the Canadian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA) - Examples of Class 1 drugs: o Opioids such as fentanyl, morpine, heroin and codeine o Cocaine o Amphetamine and its derivatives listed in Schedule 3 of the CDSA o Methylphenidate (Ritalin) o Methaqualone Class 2: - These compounds are not appropriate for use around the time of performance. Inappropriate use may alter the horse’s behaviour and ability to perform; medical use of these compounds indicates health status incompatible with athletic competition. - Benzodiazepines - Barbiturates - Beta-adrenergic agonists not approved for use in horses - Local anesthetics - Erythropoietin, darbepoietin - Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (e.g., pancuronium, vecuronium) - Tricyclic antidepressants - Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (antidepressants) - Antipsychotic drugs including most phenothiazines (so fluphenazine is included here but acepromazine is not) - Ketamine - Guaifenesin Class 3: - Unapproved NSAIDs - Cases where multiple approved NSAIDs are detected - Anabolic steroids - Drugs used for standing sedation (butorphanol, acepromazine, detomidine, romifidine, xylazine) - Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist reversal agents (yohimbine, tolazoline) - Anticholinergics (atropine, glycopyrrolate, hyoscine/scopolamine and derivatives) - Ephedrine - Caffeine - Cardiovascular drugs o ACE inhibitors o Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (including sildenafil) o Calcium channel blockers o Beta-blockers o Digoxin, digitoxin - Antihistamines including hydroxyzine - Non-barbiturate anti-convulsants - Ergoloid mesylates and ergot alkaloids (current testing does not cover pergolide mesylate) Class 4: - NSAIDs approved for use in horses in Canada, detected alone (where event-specific rules prohibit such use) - Diuretics (including thiazide diuretics, acetazolamide, furosemide and other loop diuretics) - Muscle relaxants - Dembrexine - Corticosteroids - Isoxsuprine - Parasympathomimetics including bethanechol - DMSO - Altrenogest - Medroxyprogesterone Class 5: - Mast cell stabilizers (Cromolyn, nedocromil) - Proton pump inhibitors except omeprazole - H2 antagonists except ranitidine and cimetidine - Misoprostol - Anticoagulants - Does NOT include polyethylene glycol The drugs and medications listed below are not exhaustive. The list merely represents examples of the more common drugs and medications associated with each Class. Drug Alternative names/examples Class Alfentanil Alfenta 1 Amphetamine 1 Amphetamine derivatives listed in the Canadian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act MDMA (Ecstasy), methamphetamine 1 Anileridine Leritine 1 Apomorpnine 1 Benzylpiperazine (BZP) 1 Carfentanil 1 Cathinone Khat, kat, qat, quat, chat, catha, Abyssinian tea, African tea 1 Cocaine 1 Codeine 1 Dextromoramide Palfium, Narcolo 1 Diamorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine Parcodin 1 Donepezil Aricept 1 Ethylmorphine Dionin 1 Etorphine M99 1 Exogenous endorphins 1 Exogenous enkephalins 1 Fentanyl Sublimaze, Duragesic 1 Heroin 1 Hydrocodone (dihydrocodeinone) Hycodan 1 Hydromorphone Dilaudid 1 Hydroxyamphetamine Paradrine 1 Levomethorphan 1 Levorphanol Levo-Dremoran 1 Lofentanil 1 Mazindol Sanorex 1 Meperidine Demerol 1 Mephentermine 1 Metaraminol Aramine 1 Methadone Dolophine 1 Methamphetamine Desoxyn 1 Methaqualone Quaalude 1 Methcathinone 1 Methylphenidate Ritalin 1 Metopon (Methyldihydromorphinone) 1 Morphine 1 Nikethamide Coramine 1 Oxycodone Percodan 1 Oxymorphone Numorphan 1 Pemoline Cylert 1 Pentazocine Talwin 1 Pentylenetetrazole Metrazol, Nioric 1 Phenazocine Narphen 1 Phencyclidine (PCP) Sernylan 1 Phendimetrazine Bontril 1 Picrotoxin 1 Piritramide 1 Remifentanil Ultiva 1 Strychnine 1 Sufentanil Sufenta 1 Acecarbromal 2 Acetophenazine Tindal 2 Adinazolam 2 Alcuronium Alloferin 2 Alphaprodine Nisentil 2 Alpidem Anaxyl 2 Alprazolam Xanax 2 Althesin Saffan 2 Amisulpride Solian 2 Amitriptyline Elavil 2 Amobarbital Amytal 2 Amoxapine Asendin 2 Amperozide 2 Anilopam Anisine 2 Aprobarbital Alurate 2 Articaine Septocaine, ultracaine 2 Atomoxetine Strattera 2 Atracurium Tracrium 2 Azacylonol Frenque 2 Azaperone Stresnil 2 Barbital Veronal 2 Barbiturates 2 Bemegride Megimide 2 Benoxinate Dorsacaine 2 Benperidol 2 Bentazepam Tiadipona 2 Benzactizine Deprol, Bronchodiletten 2 Benzocaine 2 Benzoctamine 2 Benzodiazepines 2 Benzphetamine Didrex 2 Benztropine Cogentin 2 Biriperone 2 Bromazepam Lexotan, Lectopam 2 Bromisovalum Diffucord 2 Bromocriptine Parlodel 2 Bromperidol Bromidol 2 Brotizolam Brotocol 2 Bupivacaine Marcaine 2 Buprenorphine Temgesic 2 Bupropion Wellbutrin 2 Buspirone Buspar 2 Butabarbital (Secbutobarbitone) Butacaps, butasol 2 Butacaine Butyn 2 Butalbital (Talbutal) Florinal 2 Butanilicaine Hostacain 2 Butaperazine Repoise 2 Butoctamide 2 Captodiame Covatine 2 Carbidopa & levodopa Sinemet 2 Carbromol Mifudorm 2 Carisoprodol Rela, Soma 2 Carmazepam Paxor 2 Carphenazine Proketazine 2 Carpipramine Prazinil 2 Carticaine Septocaine, ultracaine 2 Chloral betaine Beta-chlor 2 Chloral hydrate 2 Chloraldehyde (Chloral) 2 Chloralose (Alpha-chloralose) 2 Chlorazepate Tranxene 2 Chlordiazepoxide Librium 2 Chlorhexidol 2 Chlormezanone Trancopal 2 Chloroform 2 Chloroprocaine Nesacaine 2 Chlorproethazine Newiplege 2 Chlorpromazine Thorazine, Largactil 2 Chlorprothixene Taractan 2 Cinchocaine Nupercaine 2 Citalopram Celexa 2 Clibucaine 2 Clobazam Urbanyl 2 Clocapramine 2 Clomethiazole 2 Clomipramine Clomicalm, Anafranil 2 Clonazepam Klonopin 2 Clormecaine 2 Clothiapine Entermin 2 Clotiazepam Trecalmo, Rize 2 Cloxazolam Enadel, Sepazon, Tolestan 2 Clozapine Clozaril, Leponex 2 Conorphone 2 Corticaine Ultracain 2 Crotetamide 2 Cyamemazine 2 Cyclobarbital Phanodorm 2 Darbepoetin Aranesp 2 Decamethonium Syncurine 2 Demoxepam 2 Desipramine Norpromine 2 Dezocine Dalgan 2 Diazepam Valium 2 Dibucaine Nupercainal, Cinchocaine 2 Dichloralphenazone Febenol, Isocom 2 Diethylpropion Tepanil 2 Diethylthiambutene Themalon 2 Dilorazepam Briantum 2 Dimethisoquin 2 Diprenorphine M50/50 2 Dixyrazine Esucos 2 Dopamine Inotropin 2 Doxacurium Nuromax 2 Doxapram Dopram 2 Doxefazepam Doxans 2 Doxepin Adapin, Sinequan 2 Droperidol 2 Enciprazine 2 Epibatidine 2 Estazolam 2 Ethamivan 2 Ethanol 2 Ethclorvynol Placidyl 2 Ethinamate Valmid 2 Ethopropazine Parsidol 2 Ethylisobutrazine Diquel 2 Etidocaine Duranest 2 Etifoxin Stresam 2 Etizolam Depas, Pasaden 2 Etodroxizine Indunox 2 Etomidate 2 Exogenous erythropoietin (EPO) Epogen 2 Fenarbamate Tymium 2 Fenfluramine Pondimin 2 Fluanisone Sedalande 2 Fludiazepam Erispam 2 Flunitrazepam Rohypnol, Narcozep, Hypnodorm 2 Fluopromazine Psyquil 2 Fluoresone Caducid 2 Fluoxetine Prozac 2 Flupenthixol Depixol, Fluanxol 2 Fluphenazine Prolixin, Modecate 2 Flurazepam Dalmane 2 Fluspirilene Imap, Redeptin 2 Flutoprazepam Restas 2 Fluvoxamine Dumirox, Faverin 2 Galantamine Reminyl 2 Gallamine 2 Gamma amino butyric acid GABA 2 Gepirone 2 Glutethimide Doriden 2 Halazepam Paxipam 2 Haloperidol Haldol 2 Haloxaazolam Somelin 2 Hemoglobin glutamers Oxyglobin, Hemopure 2 Hexafluorenium Myalexen 2 Hexobarbital Evipal 2 Hexylcaine 2 Homophenazine Pelvichthol 2 hydroxy-gamma butyric acid Hydroxy-GABA 2 Ibomal Noctal 2 Imipramine Tofranil 2 Injectable Magnesium 2 Isapirone 2 Isocarboxazid Marplan 2 Isomethadone 2 Isoproterenol Isoprel 2 Ketamine Ketaset 2 Ketazolam Anxon 2 Lenperone Elanone-V 2 Lidocaine Xylocaine 2 Lithium 2 Lobeline 2 Loflazepate (ethyl-) Victan 2 Loperimide Imodium 2 Loprazolam Dormont 2 Lorazepam Ativan 2 Lormetazepam Noctamid 2 Loxapine Laxitane 2 Maprotiline Ludiomil 2 Mebutamate Axiten 2 Meclofenoxate Lucidril 2 Medazepam Nobrium 2 Melperone Eunerpan 2 Memantine Namenda 2 Meparfynol Oblivon 2 Mepazine Pacatal 2 Mephenoxalone Control 2 Mephenytoin Mesantoin 2 Mephobarbital (Methylphenobarbital) Mebaral 2 Mepivacaine Carbocaine V 2 Meprobamate Equanil 2 Mesoridazine Serentil 2 Metaclazepam Talis 2 Metazocine 2 Metharbital Gemonil 2 Methohexital Brevital 2 Methotrimeprazine Levoprome 2 Methylprylon Noludar 2 Metocurine Metubine 2 Metomidate Hypnodil 2 Mexazolam Melex 2 Midazolam Versed 2 Mirtazepine Remeron 2 Mivacurium Mivacron 2 Modafinil Provigil 2 Molindone Moban 2 Moperone Luvatren 2 Mosaprimine 2 Nalbuphine Nubain 2 Nalorphine Nalline 2 Nefazodone Serzone 2 Nimetazepam Erimin 2 Nitrazepam Mogadon 2 Nordiazepam Calmday 2 Norepinephrine 2 Nortriptyline Aventyl 2 Olanzepine Zyprexa 2 Oxazepam Serax 2 Oxazolam Serenal 2 Oxyperitine Forit 2 Pancuronium Pavulon 2 Paraldehyde Paral 2 Paroxetine Paxil 2 Penfluridol Cyperon 2 Pentobarbital Nembutal 2 Perazine Taxilan 2 Perfluorocarbons 2 Perfluorodecahydronophthalene
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