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Sapta Matrikas Bharati Pal
Orissa Review September - 2009 Sapta Matrikas Bharati Pal The Sapta Matrikas or the seven divine mothers, weild the trisula in one of her hands and carry a representing the saktis, or the energies of the kapala in another. All the Matrikas are to be important familiar deities are Brahmani (Saraswati) seated images and should have two of their hands Mahesvari (Raudani) Kaumari (Karttikeyani) held in the Varada and Abhaya poses, while the Vaishnavi (Lakshmi) Varahi, Indrani and other two hands carry weapons appropriate to Chamunda (Chamundi). According to a legend the male counterparts of the female powers. described in the Isanasivagurudevapaddhati, The Varaha Purana states that these the Matrikas were created to help Lord Siva in mother-goddesses are eight in number and his fight against Andhakasura. When the Lord includes among them the goddess Yogesvari. It inflicted wounds on Andhaka, blood began to flow further says that these Matrikas represent eight profusely from his body. Each drop which touched mental qualities which are morally bad. the ground assumed the shape of another Accordingly, Yogesvari represents kama or Andhaka. Thus there were innumerable Asuras desire; Mahesvari, krodh or anger; Vaishnavi, fighting Siva. To stop the flow of the blood, Siva lobha or covetousness; Brahmani; mada or created a goddess called Yogesvari from the pride; Kaumari moha or illusion; Indrani, flames issuing out of his mouth. Brahma, Vishnu, matsarya or fault finding; Yami or Chumunda Maheswara, Kumara, Varaha, Indra and Yama paisunya, that is tale bearing; and Varahi asuya also sent their saktis to follow Yogesvari in or envy. stopping the flow of blood. -
An Analysis of Tantric Practices at Kamakhya and Tarapith
International Journal of Applied Research 2018; 4(4): 39-41 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 Re-examining the cult of the feminine: An analysis of IJAR 2018; 4(4): 39-41 www.allresearchjournal.com tantric practices at Kamakhya and Tarapith Received: 15-02-2018 Accepted: 17-03-2018 Dr. Chandni Sengupta Dr Chandni Sengupta Assistant Professor, Department of History, Amity Abstract School of Liberal Arts, Amity Tantricism is inextricably inter-linked with the cult of the feminine. Tantric rituals exalt the female University Haryana, Haryana, deity and celebrate the power (Shakti) of the female form of divinity. In India, alongside the Vedic India system of worship, Tantricism has co-existed for centuries. There are references to the Tantric tradition in the epics; similar references have also been found in the Indus Valley civilization. There are many shakti peeths in India but only a few are associated with Tantricism. This article aims to explore the Tantric rituals at the temples of Kamakhya in Assam and Tarapith in West Bengal, in order to establish the significance of the Tantric tradition even in the 21st century. Keywords: tantricism, tantra, ritual, goddess, Shakti, Devi, cult, practices Introduction In India, since the ancient time, two distinct and parallel forms of worship have existed- Vedic and Non-Vedic. Kallukabhatta, the first scholar who presented an exhaustive interpretation of the Manusmriti, made a clear distinction between two branches of Indian thought. He divided Indian wisdom into Vedic and Tantric [1]. The former was based on a male-centric social order, while the latter was based on the principles of matriarchy and consequently the notions of fertility. -
South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses
ASIA II MB- • ! 00/ CORNELL UNIVERSITY* LIBRARY Date Due >Sf{JviVre > -&h—2 RftPP )9 -Af v^r- tjy J A j£ **'lr *7 i !! in ^_ fc-£r Pg&diJBii'* Cornell University Library NB 1001.K92 South-indian images of gods and goddesse 3 1924 022 943 447 AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF MADRAS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA. A. G. Barraud & Co. (Late A. J. Combridge & Co.)> Madras. R. Cambrav & Co., Calcutta. E. M. Gopalakrishna Kone, Pudumantapam, Madura. Higginbothams (Ltd.), Mount Road, Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Esplanade, Madras. G. C. Loganatham Brothers, Madras. S. Murthv & Co., Madras. G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras. The Superintendent, Nazair Kanun Hind Press, Allahabad. P. R. Rama Iyer & Co., Madras. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., Bombay. Thacker & Co. (Ltd.), Bombay. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. S. Vas & Co., Madras. S.P.C.K. Press, Madras. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. B. H. Blackwell, 50 and 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C. Deighton, Bell & Co. (Ltd.), Cambridge. \ T. Fisher Unwin (Ltd.), j, Adelphi Terrace, London, W.C. Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, London, S.W. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. (Ltd.), 68—74, iCarter Lane, London, E.C. and 25, Museum Street, London, W.C. Henry S. King & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E.C. X P. S. King & Son, 2 and 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W.- Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. W. Thacker & Co.^f*Cre<d Lane, London, E.O? *' Oliver and Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh. -
Devi: the Great Goddess (Smithsonian Institute)
Devi: The Great Goddess Detail of "Bhadrakali Appears to Rishi Chyavana." Folio 59 from the Tantric Devi series. India, Punjab Hills, Basohli, ca 1660-70. Opaque watercolor, gold, silver, and beetle-wing cases on paper. Purchase, Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution F1997.8 Welcome to Devi: The Great Goddess. This web site has been developed in conjunction with the exhibition of the same name. The exhibition is on view at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery from March 29, 1999 through September 6, 1999. Like the exhibition, this web site looks at the six aspects of the Indian goddess Devi. The site offers additional information on the contemporary and historical worship of Devi, activities for children and families, and a list of resources on South Asian arts and cultures. You may also want to view another Sackler web site: Puja: Expressions of Hindu Devotion, an on-line guide for educators explores Hindu worship and provides lesson plans and activities for children. This exhibition is made possible by generous grants from Enron/Enron Oil & Gas International, the Rockefeller Foundation, The Starr Foundation, Hughes Network Systems, and the ILA Foundation, Chicago. Related programs are made possible by Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant, the Smithsonian Educational Outreach Fund, and the Hazen Polsky Foundation. http://www.asia.si.edu/devi/index.htm (1 of 2) [7/1/2000 10:06:15 AM] Devi: The Great Goddess | Devi Homepage | Text Only | | Who is Devi | Aspects of Devi | Interpreting Devi | Tantric Devi | For Kids | Resources | | Sackler Homepage | Acknowledgements | The Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560. -
The Concept of Mahishasurmardini Is Puranic
CHAPTER 4. FEMALE DEITIES DPuranic female deities 1. Evolution oiMahishasurmardini in ^Q Purans - The concept of Mahishasurmardini is Puranic. The Markandey Puran gives a detailed description of evolution of this deity in its chapter titled Devi Mahatmyam. It is compiled in the form of 579 Shloks\ The Markandey Puran is divided into 5 distinct parts out of which chapter 79-90 provide references to Durga under the title Devi Mahatmyam'^. This was further extended to 700 Shloks which included elaborate rituals. This documentation is called as Durga Saptshati'\ The Markandey Puran is assigned to the 10* century and a copy of the same was found in the Royal Library' of Nepal which was dated to 998 CE**. However the date of Devi Mahatmyam being written is considered to be of 5th-6'*' century^ It is also concluded that this Puran must have originated in western India^. This makes the Puran more relevant for this study. The Devi Mahdtymydm mentions a detailed description of the evolution of this deity. In its Chapter 2 titled Madhyam-Charit it mentions that a demon named Mahishasur has defeated all the gods along with their chief Indra in a battle which lasted for nearly 100 years^. This chapter corresponds to chapter 79 of Markandey Purdn^. This demon had taken control over the Sury, Indra, Agni, Vdyu, Chandra, Yum, Varun, Kuher etc. Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma were approached by the gods to save them from this menace^. On hearing this all the three gods sent out Tej through their body. Shankar 's Tej created her face while Yum's Tej created her hair. -
Chapter 8 Th E Slaying of Raktabija
1 C H A P T E R 8 T H E S L AY I N G O F R A K TA B I JA The Rishi said: 1-3. After the daitya Chanda was slain and Munda was laid low, and many of the battalions were destroyed, the lord of the asuras, powerful Sumbha, with mid overcome by anger, commanded then the mobilization of all the daitya hosts: 4. ’Now let the eighty-six asuras - upraising their weapons - with all their forces, and the eighty-four Kambus, surrounded by their own forces, go out. 5. ’Let the fifty asura families of Kotiviryas and the hundred families of Dhaumras go forth at my command. 6. ’Let the asurasa Kalakas, Daurhrdas, the Mauryas and the Kalakeyas hasten at my command and march forth ready for battle.’ 7. After issuing these orders, Sumbha, the lord of the asuras and a ferocious ruler, went forth, attended by many thousands of big forces. 8. Seeing that most terrible army coming, Chandika filled into space between the earth and the sky with the twang of her bow-string. 9. Thereon her lion made an exceedingly loud roar, O King, and Ambika magnified those roars with the clanging of the bell. 10. Kali, expanding her mouth wide and filling the quarters with the sound (hum ) overwhelmed the noises of her bow-string, lion and bell by her terrific roars. 11. On hearing that roar the enraged asura battalions surrounded the lion, the Devi (Chandika) and Kali on all the four sides. 12-13. At this moment, O King, in order to annihilate the enemies of devas and for the well- being of the supreme devas, there issued forth, endowed with exceeding vigour and strength, Shaktis from the bodies of Brahma, Shiva, Guha, Vishnu and Indra, and with the form of those devas went to Chandika. -
Cult of Varahi in Orissa
Orissa Review September - 2009 Cult of Varahi in Orissa Dr. H.C.Das Varahi, one of the Mother Goddesses, a legends of Matrikas' origin, their iconographic manifestation of 64 Yoginis and the counterpart features, and their role in the religious life. These of Varaha-Vishnu was created to annihilate the Puranas record the names of numerous powerful demons like Chanda, Munda, Sumbha, Matrikas. But the seven mothers have been Nisumbha, Raktavirjya accepted universally, and the tripuravijayi supported by the Mahisasura. The goddess iconographic texts. Varahi associated with the The antiquity of the other mothers-Brahmani, worship of the mother Maheswari, Koumari, goddess is traced from Vaisnavi, Indrani and the Indus Valley Chamunda assisted Civilization (flourished in Ambika in her combat 4th/3rd millennium B.C). against the demons. Since In fact, the worship of Siva she is linked with other and Sakti in the Indus mother goddesses, her Civilization is proved by origin is also associated the archaeological with them. Worship of the treasures unearthed from goddess in her individual excavations at Harappa form has been prevalent in and Mohenjodaro. While Orissa and other parts of speaking about the religion India. of the Indus people, Sir Similar to other Varahi, Samlei Temple, Sonepur John Marshall (the famous gods and goddesses of the archaeologist and the Hindu pantheon her origin is traced from the excavator of the sites) remarks that Sakti worship Puranas, the last great authority of Indian religion. was of great antiquity in India; it originated out of The Skanda, Markandeya, Matsya, Devi, the mother goddess and was closely connected Brahmavaivarta, Devi Bhagabata, Varaha and with the cult of Siva. -
Book-3-Durga-Puja FINAL
BOOK 3: DURGA PUJA NEW AGE PUROHIT DARPAN! Bd¤¢eL f¤f¤−l¡¢qa−l¡¢qa cfÑZ! Book 3 DURGA PUJA dugÑA pUjA Purohit (priests) Kanai L. Mukherjee – Bibhas Bandyopadhyay Editor Aloka Chakravarty Publishers Association of Grandparents of Indian Immigrants, USA POBox 50032, Nashvillle, TN 37205 ([email protected]) Distributor Eagle Book Bindery Cedar Rapids. IA 52405 Fourth Edition i BOOK 3: DURGA PUJA LIST OF AUDIOS WITH PAGE REFERENCES Play audio by Control+Click on the link: www.agiivideo.com/books/audio/durga Audio Pages Titles Links 1 13 Preliminaries http://www.agiivideo.com/books/audio/durga/Audio-01- Preliminaries-p-13.mp3 2 66 Bodhan- http://www.agiivideo.com/books/audio/durga/Audio-02- Saptami Bodhan-Saptami-p65.mp3 3 118 Mahasthami- http://www.agiivideo.com/books/audio/durga/Audio-03- Sandhi Mahastami-Sandhi-p117.mp3 4 144 Mahanabami- http:/www.agiivideo.com/books/audio/durga/Audio-04- Dashami Mahanavami-Conclusion-p144.mp3 Video: Prayers and Songs (Page 182) http://www.agiivideo.com/books/video/durga/Durga-stob-mpeg2.mp4 i BOOK 3: DURGA PUJA Global Communication Dilip Som Amitabha Chakrabarti Art work Monidipa Basu Tara Chattoraj Book 3 ii BOOK 3: DURGA PUJA DURGA PUJA dugÑA pUjA Purohit (priests) Kanai L. Mukherjee – Bibhas Bandyopadhyay Editor Aloka Chakravarty Publishers Association of Grandparents of Indian Immigrants, USA POBox 50032, Nashvillle, TN 37205 ([email protected]) Distributor Eagle Book Bindery Cedar Rapids. IA 52405 Fourth Edition iii BOOK 3: DURGA PUJA sîÑEdbmyIQ EdbIQ sîÑErAg vyAphAmÚ| bREþS ib>·u nimtAQ pRNmAim sdA iSbAmÚ|| ibåibåibåÉÉÉÙÛAQ ibåYinlyAQ idbYÙÛAn inbAisnIm| EJAignIQ EJAgjnnIQ ci&kAQ pRNmAmYhmÚÚÚ||||||Ú Sarbadebamayim Devim sarbaroga bhayapaham| Brahmesha Vishnu namitam pranamami sada Shivam || Vindhyastham vindyanilayam divyasthan nibasinim | Joginim jogajananim Chandikam pranamamyaham || Goddess of all Gods, who removes the fear of all diseases Worshipped by Brahma, Vishnu and Maheshwar; I bow to you .with reverence. -
Early Medieval Representation of Human Anatomy: a Case Study of Chamunda Stone Image from Dharamsala, Odisha
Early Medieval Representation of Human Anatomy: A Case Study of Chamunda Stone Image from Dharamsala, Odisha Rushal Unkule1, Gopal Joge1 and Veena Mushrif‐Tripathy1 1. Department of Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology, Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Pune – 411 006, Maharashtra, India (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Received: 17October 2017; Revised: 10November 2017; Accepted: 13 December 2017 Heritage: Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology 5 (2017): 191‐200 Abstract: The understanding of the human anatomy was a subject of an investigation of various civilizations for the purpose of varied reasons. However, in Indian tradition, it is often seen and discussed taking into consideration its religious background, and to some extent, it was a subject of magico‐ medicinal studies. Whereas, this traditional understanding of human anatomy is seen in various types of visuals since Early Historic period. In which most fascinating portrayal of human anatomy is noticed on stone sculptures. Especially, the Early Medieval depictions of some Brahmanical deities began to show with its anatomical details, in which the representation of goddess Chamunda took an important place where her skeletal features developed had become an identical norm. While making an image of Chamunda with all its anatomical details the sculptor requires the basic knowledge of the human anatomy. This knowledge may have been gained by these sculptors through the observation of actual human anatomy to achieve the certain perfection. This artistic perfection can be seen resulted in some of the sculptures found different parts of the country. However, such types of several stone images of Chamunda with its micro anatomical details are often noticed in the state of Odisha, which once was the primecenter of Shaktism. -
Sakti Cult in Upper Mahanadi Valley
Orissa Review * September - 2004 Sakti Cult in Upper Mahanadi Valley S.S. Panda Saptamatrka carved on monolithic rock at village Ghudar near Titilagarh, District Balangir 7 Learned scholar Rajeshwari1 writes, “The more. Varahamihira is silent about their conception of God as Mother is natural and number and has just mentioned that “Mothers ultimate. In almost all the ancient civilizations are to be made with cognisances of gods God is conceived as Mother. She is Prakrti, corresponding to their names.” The Earth and Mother Supreme.” Saptamatrkas are generally carved in relief Saptamatrka on a rectangular stone slab in the order of Brahmani, Mahesvari, Kaumari, Vaisnavi, The creation of Matrkas is associated Varahi, Indrani and Camunda, being flanked by with the destruction of the asura Andhaka by Virabhadra and Ganesa in both sides (first and Siva, which is elaborately described in the 2 last). Matsya Purana (179.1-90). We find details about the creation of the Saptamatrkas also in In the Varaha and Kurma Puranas8 it is 3 the Vaman Purana (44.1-96). T.A. Gopinatha mentioned that after Prahalada, Andhakasura 4 Rao has dealt in detail about the purpose of became the king of the Asuras and by his auster the creation of these Matrkas. He has quoted penances he obtained several boons from the stories from Matsya Purana, Vamana Brahma and became invincible. Being haressed Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana and by him, the Devas prayed Lord Siva in Kailasa the Suprabhedagama. The iconographical to come to their rescue. When Lord Siva was features of Saptamatrkas are found in Agni listening to their complaints, Andhakasura 5 Purana, Amsumadbhedagama, and arrived there and challenged the Lord and even 6 Markandeya Purana also. -
Amma and Rajappa - Poems
Poetry Series amma and rajappa - poems - Publication Date: 2010 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive amma and rajappa() i am from a small village in search of love that does not find fault with me, that never pushes me out... ' Mother ' is one great thing that fascinates me...the love, the selflessness, the grace, the dedication and many that are inherent in that greatest species...even i fail to find the synonyms for Mother and Motherhood... Mata Amritha-i have taken Her as a symbol of Motherhood who is a living Goddess Amma defines Motherhood as: Motherhood, in its ultimate sense, has nothing to do with bearing a child, but with love, compassion and selflessness. It lies in totally giving to others. it was in my mind to write about Her; with Her blessing i start this mission i follow the philosophy: 'It’s better get worn out than rust away' www.PoemHunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive 1 Amritanandamayi-Being To Becoming Of A Mother- Concluding Part Dear Readers I wanted to write on Mata my Mother; one of friends started this project and stopped halfway; I repeated told that if this was not going to be completed I would take up the project and complete; and got an yes as the reply and I started in the year 2009 on the 24 th of December with a salutation to Lalithambika. Today is the death anniversary of my Mother; I wanted to dedicate the Great Life Story of the Mother of Mothers to my Mother and completed There may be omissions and commissions; I seek Amma’s blessings and forgiveness May Amma bless all Her Children -
Sources of Ancient Indian Iconography: - Vedas Are the Primary Sources of All Ideology of the Indian Culture
Sources of Ancient Indian Iconography: - Vedas are the primary sources of all ideology of the Indian culture. Various forms of various deities have been praised in the Vedas, icons or idols have mentioned in the various eulogies of Vedas. Many deities were conceived in Indian religions. Different sect of Brahmin religion such as Shaivite, Vaishnavism, Shakt, and solar belong to Siva, Vishnu, Shakti and Sun deities respectively. Similarly, Jain and Buddhism are related to Tirthankaras and Buddha respectively. The Brahmin literature: - The early literature of various religions gives a description of the imagination, origin and development of various deities. Various stories, events and different themes related to the deities are found in the early religious literatures such as Vedic texts, Puranas and later Vedic literature. In the Rigveda, Yajurveda, Atharvaveda, Taittariya Samhita, Shatapatha Brahmana, Aitreya Brahmana, Ramayan, Mahabharat, Vayu Purana, Vishnu Purana, Shiva Purana, Markandeya Purana, Matsya Purana, Linga Purana, Harivansh Purana, Padma Purana, Brahma Purana, Devi Bhagavata Purana and Garuna Purana has described the character and nature of Gods and Goddesses, their stories, Armaments, hobbies and interrelations etc. In all the Puranas, the ten chapters of the ancient Matsya Purana described the shape and size of the idols. In this Purana, the details related to the Shivalinga and the human idols of Shiva are presented prominently. The sixteen chapter of Agni Purana describe iconography. In addition to the Saiva and Vaishnav idols in this Purana Devi (Goddess) and sun idols have been discussed. The Vishnu Dharmottar Purana is particularly notable in this context, it has a more detailed description than others Purana.