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Construction Techniques of Indian Temples
International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 420 Volume-1, Issue-10, October-2018 www.ijresm.com | ISSN (Online): 2581-5782 Construction Techniques of Indian Temples Chanchal Batham1, Aatmika Rathore2, Shivani Tandon3 1,3Student, Department of Architecture, SDPS Women’s College, Indore, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, SDPS Women’s College, Indore, India Abstract—India is a country of temples. Indian temples, which two principle axis, which in turn resulted in simple structural are standing with an unmatched beauty and grandeur in the wake systems and an increased structural strength against seismic of time against the forces of nature, are the living evidences of forces. The Indian doctrine of proportions is designed not only structural efficiency and technological skill of Indian craftsman to correlate the various parts of building in an aesthetically and master builders. Every style of building construction reflects pleasing manner but also to bring the entire building into a a clearly distinctive basic principle that represents a particular culture and era. In this context the Indian Hindu temple magical harmony with the space. architecture are not only the abode of God and place of worship, B. Strutural Plan Density but they are also the cradle of knowledge, art, architecture and culture. The research paper describes the analysis of intrinsic Structural plan density defined as the total area of all vertical qualities, constructional and technological aspects of Indian structural members divided by the gross floor area. The size and Temples from any natural calamities. The analytical research density of structural elements is very great in the Indian temples highlights architectural form and proportion of Indian Temple, as compared to the today's buildings. -
CERTIFICATE It Is Hereby Declared That This Work Has Not Been Submitted for a Higher Degree to Any Other University Or Instituti
CERTIFICATE It is hereby declared that this work has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other University or Institution. L. Peter Kollar. / **/ ' (* KEN5INGTDN £ V °o V * Li 8RARV SUMMARY This is a study of symbolism in traditional Hindu architecture. It is based upon the Shri Minakshi Sundareswar, The Great Temple at Madura, South India, visited by the author in i960. The formal arrangement of this temple is the pivot around -which the examination of the principles of architectural symbolism revolves. The general principles as well as the particular symbolic expressions are elucidated by constant reference to the sacred texts of the Hindu tradition. The key to all this is the Hindu doctrine itself, but no attempt could be made to expose its integrality on these pages. However, the introduction and the footnotes contain sufficient references and brief explanations to enable one to follow the theme without undue difficulty even if the subject were unfamiliar. The study develops the meaning of the architectural layout by approaching the temple from the outside and gradually progressing towards its core. During this passage the nature of symbolism is discovered in successively higher degrees until it becomes clear that the temple - in its detail as well as in its entirety - is a meta physical symbol and its construction a metaphysical rite. It expresses by means of silent architectural forms the selfsame doctrine which is recorded verbally in the sacred texts. SYMBOLISM IN HINDU ARCHITECTURE as revealed in the SHRI IvUNAKSHI SUNDARESWAR A study for the degree of Master of Architecture L« Peter Kollar A.A.S.T.C., A.R.A.I.A, Sydney, 1962 ii CONTENTS List of Plates .. -
Annual Report 2017-18
KALAKSHETRA FOUNDATION 2017 - 2018 ANNUAL REPORT Our Annual Report this year features images and design elements which are from the Rukmini Devi Museum collection. This museum is found within the premises of Kalakshetra and it houses objects, books, writings, photographs, art, sculpture and many other rarities. All these artefacts were collected by Smt. Rukmini Devi during her travels or were gifted to her by friends and well- wishers from across the world. Rukmini Devi Museum Annual Report 2017-2018 INTRODuCTION Founded in the year 1936 by the KALAKSHETRA FOUNDATION legendary cultural ambassador Smt. Rukmini Devi Arundale, Kalakshetra Foundation was declared as an Institution of National Importance by an Act of Parliament in 1993. The pioneering vision of Smt. Rukmini Devi’s philosophical bedrock of ‘art without vulgarity, beauty without cruelty and education without fear’ inspires Kalakshetra. As a leading institution for teaching Bharatanatyam and Carnatic Music in the country, Kalakshetra creates a cultural ambience which nurtures the various units under it, which include the Rukmini Devi College of Fine Arts which is devoted to Bharatanatyam, Carnatic Music and the visual arts. Also,there are two high schools, a centre for weaving and natural dyeing and printing, two libraries that address the knowledge-based needs of students and scholars alike on arts and allied subjects; and a hostel for school and college students. Between April 2017 and March 2018, Kalakshetra Foundation has been involved in a range of activities in consonance with its vision to promote India’s ancient culture and set a standard of true art. Towards this, it has focussed on festivals, workshops, lectures, enhancement of its repertoire, performances, field trips and research and documentation projects as well as hosted several high profile visitors to its campus. -
TAMIL NADU ELECTRICITY OMBUDSMAN 4Th Floor, SIDCO Corporate Office Building, Thiru-Vi-Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Chennai – 600 032
A consumer is the important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. - Mahatma Gandhi TAMIL NADU ELECTRICITY OMBUDSMAN 4th Floor, SIDCO Corporate Office Building, Thiru-vi-ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Chennai – 600 032. Phone : ++91-044-2953 5806, 044-2953 5816 Fax : ++91-044-2953 5893 Email : [email protected] Web site : www.tnerc.gov.in Before The Tamil Nadu Electricity Ombudsman, Chennai Present :Thiru. S. Devarajan, Electricity Ombudsman A.P.No. 44 of 2020 BY RPAD Thiru. Manicam Narayanan, No.39, P.S. Sivasamy Salai, 1st Street, Mylapore, Chennai – 600 004. Appellant (Thiru Manicam Narayanan) Vs. 1. Executive Engineer/O&M/Mylapore, Chennai Electricity Distribution Circle/Central, TANGEDCO, M.G.R Salai/110KV/33KV/11KV Valluvar kottam SS Campus, 3rd floor, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600034. 2. The Assistant Executive Engineer/ O&M/Mylapore, Chennai Electricity Distribution Circle/Central, TANGEDCO, No.85,86, Dr.Radha Krishnan Salai, Mylapore, Chennai-600004. 3. The Assistant Engineer/ O&M/West/Mylapore, Chennai Electricity Distribution Circle/Central, TANGEDCO, No.85,86, Dr.Radha Krishnan Salai, Mylapore, Chennai-600004. Respondents (Thiru V. Manicavelan, EE/O&M/Mylapore Thiru S. Arumugam, AD/O&M/Mylapore) Date of Hearing: 11-11-2020 Date of order: 18-02-2021 The Appeal Petition received on 18.08.2020 filed by Thiru. Manicam Narayanan, No.39, P.S. Sivasamy Salai, 1st Street, Mylapore, Chennai – 600 004 was registered as Appeal Petition No. 44 of 2020. The above appeal petition came up for hearing before the Electricity Ombudsman on 11.11.2020. Upon perusing the Appeal Petition, Counter affidavit, written argument and the oral submission made on the hearing date from both the parties, the Electricity Ombudsman passes the following order. -
Address STD CODE Phone No Fax No E-Mail Address 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT 2005 NAME AND ADDRESS OF ASSISTANT PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICERS AND PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICERS - COMMERCIAL TAXES DEPT. Assistant Public Sl.No. Name of the Office Information Officer/Public Address STD CODE Phone No Fax No E-Mail Address Information Officer Deputy Commissioner Office of the Commissioner of Commercial Commissioner of Commercial 28546944,28514656 1 (Special Cell) Public Taxes, Chepauk, Ezhilagam Complex, Chennai 044 Taxes Extn .29 Information Officer 600 005. Asst.Commissioner (General Office of the Commissioner of Commercial 28546944, 28514656 Services) Assistant Public Taxes, Chepauk, Ezhilagam Complex, Chennai 044 Extn .25 Information Officer 600 005. Asst.Commissioner (Public Office of the Commissioner of Commercial 28546944,28514656 Relations)/ Assistant Public Taxes, Chepauk, Ezhilagam Complex, Chennai 044 Extn .44 Information Officer 600 005. Personal Asst. to Joint Office of the Joint Commissioner (Commercial Joint Commissioner,Chennai( 2 Commissioner, Chennai rd 044 28295551, 28294396 North ) Taxes) Chennai (North) 3 Floor PAPJM (North)/ PIO Buildings, No. 1 Greams Road, Chennai -6 Office of the Assistant Commissioner (CT) Zone- Asst.Commissioner, Zone - I 3 Asst. Commissioner - Zone - I rd 044 28295695 -- -- /PIO 1 3 Floor PAPJM Buildings, No. 1 Greams Road, Chennai -6 Office of the Commercial Tax Officer, Harbour I Commercial Tax Officer, CTO, Harbour - I Assessment Circle, Dass India Tower 044 25248777 - - Harbour - I /PIO Building,No.3,2nd Lane Beach,Chennai-1 Office of the Commercial -
Srirangam – Heaven on Earth
Srirangam – Heaven on Earth A Guide to Heaven – The past and present of Srirangam Pradeep Chakravarthy 3/1/2010 For the Tag Heritage Lecture Series 1 ARCHIVAL PICTURES IN THE PRESENTATION © COLLEGE OF ARTS, OTHER IMAGES © THE AUTHOR 2 Narada! How can I speak of the greatness of Srirangam? Fourteen divine years are not enough for me to say and for you to listen Yama’s predicament is worse than mine! He has no kingdom to rule over! All mortals go to Srirangam and have their sins expiated And the devas? They too go to Srirangam to be born as mortals! Shiva to Narada in the Sriranga Mahatmaya Introduction Great civilizations have been created and sustained around river systems across the world. India is no exception and in the Tamil country amongst the most famous rivers, Kaveri (among the seven sacred rivers of India) has been the source of wealth for several dynasties that rose and fell along her banks. Affectionately called Ponni, alluding to Pon being gold, the Kaveri river flows in Tamil Nadu for approx. 445 Kilometers out of its 765 Kilometers. Ancient poets have extolled her beauty and compared her to a woman who wears many fine jewels. If these jewels are the prosperous settlements on her banks, the island of Srirangam 500 acres and 13 kilometers long and 7 kilometers at its widest must be her crest jewel. Everything about Srirangam is massive – it is at 156 acres (perimeter of 10,710 feet) the largest Hindu temple complex in worship after Angkor which is now a Buddhist temple. -
Chennai Attractions
CHENNAI ATTRACTIONS EGMORE MUSEUM The Museum located in Egmore, Chennai is more than 150 years old. The modern building contains treasured statues of Lord Nataraja, Buddha, Tamil saints and others in their bronze gallery. The museum complex also has the Connemara Library and the National Art Gallery, built in the style of the Jaipur - Moghul architecture. BIRLA SCIENCE PLANETORIUM The latest astronomical phenomena are brought back to life in audio visual programmes that transport you to space. Adjoining the Birla Planetarium is the Periyar science and Technology Museum. Planetarium programme timings: 10.45 AM, 1.15 PM and3.45 PM. Location - Gandhi Mandapam Road, Kotturpuram, Chennai. FORT St. GEORGE The bastion derived its name from St. George, the patron saint of England. It was established around 1640 AD, and today it houses the Secretariat and the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. The Fort also houses St. Mary’s Church, the first Anglican Church in Asia and a museum which is a treasure house of rare exhibits of weapons, uniforms, coins, costumes and other artifacts. St. GEORGE’s CATHEDRAL St. George’s Cathedral is the Cathedral Church of the Church of South India, Diocese of Madras, located at Cathedral Road. It has a 130 feet spire with its interior very light and the airy with stucco walls. The decorated roof and many fascinating tablets and tombs add to beauty of the spire. VALLUVAR KOTTAM This is a memorial complex to the immortal saint, philosopher and poet, the author of ‘Thirukkural’, a unique piece of Tamil literature with 1330 couplets containing great wisdom. -
Common Elements of Dravidian Temple Architecture–A Study
IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature (IMPACT: IJRHAL) ISSN (P): 2347–4564; ISSN (E): 2321–8878 Vol. 7, Issue 2, Feb 2019, 583–588 © Impact Journals COMMON ELEMENTS OF DRAVIDIAN TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE–A STUDY D. Gandhimathi & K. Arul Mary Research Scholar, Department of History, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Research Scholar, Department of History, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Received: 17 Feb 2019 Accepted: 21 Feb2019 Published: 28 Feb 2019 ABSTRACT The South Indian temple architecture is known as Dravidian architecture. The South Indian temple has many architectural features. This article will explain the common elements of the Shivan temples in Tamilnadu. KEYWORDS: South Indian Temple, Dravidian Architecture, Architecture, Kongu Region INTRODUCTION Hindu temple architecture as the fundamental type of Hindu architecture has numerous assortments of style, however the fundamental idea of the Hindu sanctuary continues as before, with the basic element an internal sanctum, the garbha griha or belly chamber, where the essential Murti or the picture of a god is housed in a straightforward uncovered cell. On the outside, the garbhagriha is delegated by a pinnacle like shikhara, additionally called the vimana in the south. The place of worship assembling frequently incorporates a walking for parikrama (circumambulation), a mandapa gathering lobby, and at times an antarala waiting room and yard among garbhagriha and mandapa. There may promote mandapas or different structures, associated or disconnected, in enormous sanctuaries, together with other little sanctuaries in the compound. These terminologies are common across all temples built in Dravidian architecture and not specific to Shiva temples in Tamil Nadu. -
Bus Routes & Timings
BUS ROUTES & TIMINGS ACADEMIC YEAR 2015 - 2016 ROUTE NO. 15 ROUTE NO. 1 to 12, 50, 54, 55, 56, 61,64,88, RAJA KILPAKKAM TO COLLEGE 113,117 to 142 R2 - RAJ KILPAKKAM : 07.35 a.m. TAMBARAM TO COLLEGE M11 - MAHALAKSHMI NAGAR : 07.38 a.m. T3 - TAMBARAM : 08.20 a.m. C2 - CAMP ROAD : 07.42 a.m. COLLEGE : 08.40 a.m. S11 - SELAIYUR : 07.44 a.m. A4 - ADHI NAGAR : 07.47 a.m. ROUTE NO. 13 C19 - CONVENT SCHOOL : 07.49 a.m. KRISHNA NAGAR - ITO COLLEGE COLLEGE : 08.40 a.m. K37 - KRISHNA NAGAR (MUDICHUR) : 08.00 a.m. R4 - RAJAAMBAL K.M. : 08.02 a.m. ROUTE NO. 16 NGO COLONY TO COLLEGE L2 - LAKSHMIPURAM SERVICE ROAD : 08.08 a.m. N1 - NGO COLONY : 07.45 a.m. COLLEGE : 08.40 a.m. K6 - KAKKAN BRIDGE : 07.48 a.m. A3 - ADAMBAKKAM : 07.50 a.m. (POLICE STATION) B12 – ROUTE NO. 14 BIKES : 07.55 a.m. KONE KRISHNA TO COLLEGE T2 - T. G. NAGAR SUBWAY : 07. 58 a.m. K28 - KONE KRISHNA : 08.05 a.m. T3 - TAMBARAM : 08.20 a.m. L5 - LOVELY CORNER : 08.07 a.m. COLLEGE : 08.40 a.m. ROUTE NO. 17 ADAMBAKKAM - II TO COLLEGE G3 - GANESH TEMPLE : 07.35 a.m. V13 - VANUVAMPET CHURCH : 07.40 a.m. J3 - JAYALAKSHMI THEATER : 07.43 a.m. T2 - T. G. NAGAR SUBWAY : 07.45 a.m. T3 - TAMBARAM : 08.20 a.m. COLLEGE : 08.40 a.m. ROUTE NO. 18 KANTHANCHAVADI TO COLLEGE ROUTE NO.19 NANGANALLUR TO COLLEGE T 43 – THARAMANI Rly. -
History of Big Temple, Thanjavur and Its Consecration – a Study
Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology Issn No : 1006-7930 HISTORY OF BIG TEMPLE, THANJAVUR AND ITS CONSECRATION – A STUDY Dr. S. PRABAKARAN, Assistant Professor & Head of History, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi – 613 503.Thanjavur. Brahadeeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is located in Thanjavur. It is also known as Periya Kovil (Big Temple) RajaRajewara Temple and Rajarajeswaram. In Tamil, the temple is called as “Peruvudaiyar Kovil”. It is one of the largest temples in India. This temple is an example of Hindu Architecture from South India from the Chola period. The Temple turned 1000 years old in 2010. The Temple is also called as Dhakshina Moorthy of South. Brahadeeswara Meaning Brahadeeshwara is a Sanskrit composite word composed of Brihat which means big, great, etc, and Ishvara means ”Lord Shiva”, Supreme being suprenatman (soul). The name means the “Great Lord, Big Shiva Temple”. The Big temple (or) Peruvudaiyar Koil was built to grace the throne of the Chola Empire by the Emperor Arulmozhivarman, popularly known as Rajaraja Chola I. This temple is also known as Periya Koil, Brihadeshwara Temple, Raja Rajeswara Temple and Rajarajeshwaram. The esteemed architect and engineer of the temple was Kunjara Mallan Raja Raja Perunthatchan. From the epigraphical evidence it is known about Rajaraja I started building this temple on his 19th year and completed of his 25th year. It took just 6 years to complete the temple. Volume XII, Issue III, 2020 Page No: 4995 Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology Issn No : 1006-7930 Rajaraja I named this temple as "Rajarajesvaram". -
Handbook 2018-19
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Handbook 2018-19 SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur - 603 203 Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu Telephone: 044- 27417499, 27417000 Fax: 044-27453903 URL: www.srmuniv.ac.in “Motivation gets you going, but, Discipline keeps you growing.” — John C. Maxwell Best Wishes for a Productive and Enjoyable Academic Year 2018–19 PERSONAL MEMORANDA 1. NAME : ________________________ 2. REGISTER NO. : ________________________ 3. YEAR & COURSE : ________________________ 4. BRANCH / SECTION : ________________________ 5. HOSTEL BLOCK & ROOM NO. : ________________________ 6. BUS PASS NO. : ________________________ 7. TRAIN PASS NO. : ________________________ 8. AADHAR CARD NO. : ________________________ 9. ADDRESS FOR COMMUNICATION : ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ 10. PERMANENT ADDRESS : ________________________ : ________________________ : ________________________ 11. MOBILE NO. : ________________________ 12. E-MAIL ID : ________________________ 13. DATE OF BIRTH : ________________________ 14. BLOOD GROUP : ________________________ 15. HEIGHT & WEIGHT : ________________________ 16. IDENTIFICATION MARKS : ________________________ FROM THE CHANCELLOR SRM Institute of Science and Technology engineering programs endeavor to be at the forefront of innovation. They also foster multi-disciplinary collaborations aimed at solving the most pressing global problems. Our mission is to seek solutions to global challenges by using the power of engineering principles, techniques and systems. We -
Government of Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endownment Department Pre-Qualification Application and Price Tender Two Cover System
GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU HINDU RELIGIOUS AND CHARITABLE ENDOWNMENT DEPARTMENT PRE-QUALIFICATION APPLICATION AND PRICE TENDER TWO COVER SYSTEM NAME OF WORK : Repairs and Renovation to Rampart Wall (Thirumadhil) 7th Enclosure in between (Tiruvalluvar Street and Thiruvadi Street) and (West Adayavalanjan Street and Melur Salai Road) Rampart Wall connecting South Raja Gopuram to West Mottai Gopuram to a length of 746.24m in Arulmigu Aranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam.(VIIth – 1st reach) EMD AMOUNT : `. 63,500 DATE OF TENDER : 14.06.2017 ISSUED TO : Joint Commissioner/Executive Officer, Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam. Contractor Sd/.......................................... Joint Commissioner/Executive Officer, Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam. 2 FOR THE SPECIAL ATTENTION OF THE APPLICANTS 1. Issuance of documents under two cover system i.e. qualification tender and price tender (commercial tender) to the applicant will be purely based on the basic Documents and information furnished along with the requisition and cost of tender documents Application will not confer any right on the Applicant for automatic qualification for price tender for the work. 2. Approval or otherwise of the qualification tender will be strictly based on the detailed evaluation done on the basis of the Documents / Records / Evidences / Certificates produced by the Applicant in the Qualification Application. 3. Pre-Qualification tender schedule (cover I) will be opened as per Notice inviting Tender and after detailed evaluation, the date and time of opening of price tender will be intimated to the qualified applicants. 4. “The evidences on the minimum qualification criteria mentioned under ‘part- II Information and Instructions for the Tenderers’ under two cover system prescribed with application should be furnished in Cover-I without any lapse at the time of submission of pre-qualification tender itself.