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Una Nova Aproximació a La Pobresa Infantil

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Una Nova Aproximació a La Pobresa Infantil Una nova aproximació a la pobresa infantil. Aplicació de l'indicador europeu "reference budgets" a Catalunya per a àrees densament poblades 90) - 02 - Irene Maria Cussó Parcerisas http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404842 Generalitat 472 (28 de Catalunya núm. Rgtre. Fund. ió ADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de undac la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials F d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efec tuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. Universitat Ramon Llull Universitat Ramon ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o G: 59069740 G: materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la . Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la C.I.F persona autora. En cualquier caso, en la utilización de sus contenidos se deberá indicar de forma clara el nombre y apellidos de la persona autora y el título de la tesis doctoral. No se autoriza su reproducción u otras formas de explotación efectuadas con fines lucrativos ni su comunicación pública desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. Tampoco se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al contenido de la tesis como a sus resúmenes e índices. WARNING . The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis and its use must respect the rights of the author. It can be used for reference or private study, as well as research and learning activities or materials in the terms established by the 32nd article of the Spanish Consolidated Copyright Act (RDL 1/1996). Express and C. Claravall, 1-3 | 08022 Barcelona | Tel. 93 602 22 00 | Fax 93 602 22 49 | [email protected] | www.url.edu TESI DOCTORAL 90) - 02 - Títol Una nova aproximació a la pobresa infantil. Aplicació de l’indicador europeu “reference budgets” a Catalunya per a àrees densament poblades Realitzada per Irene Cussó i Parcerisas en el Centre Facultat de Psicologia, Ciències de l’Educació i de l’Esport Blanquerna i en el Departament de Ciències de l’Educació C.I.F. G: 59069740 Universitat Ramon Llull Fundació Rgtre. Fund. Generalitat de Catalunya 472 (28 núm. Catalunya de Generalitat Fund. Rgtre. Fundació Llull Ramon Universitat C.I.F.59069740 G: Dirigida per Dr. Jordi Riera i Romaní C. Claravall, 1-3 | 08022 Barcelona | Tel. 93 602 22 00 | Fax 93 602 22 49 | [email protected] | www.url.edu “All human knowledge takes the form of interpretation” Walter Benjamin (Berlín 1892 – Portbou 1940) 2 Agraïments Al llarg d’aquest procés formatiu m’han acompanyat diverses persones, tant en l’àmbit acadèmic com personal, i és per això que en aquest apartat voldria dedicar-los unes línies per agrair el seu suport. En primer lloc, al Dr. Jordi Riera, pel seu mestratge al llarg d’aquests anys i per la confiança dipositada en mi des del principi. En segon lloc, al grup de recerca PSITIC on he tingut l’oportunitat de desenvolupar diferents recerques i ampliar els meus coneixements. Així mateix també ha estat un espai de creixement personal continu. Gràcies Jordi Longás, Mireia Civís, Eduard Longás, Pau López, Eva Rodríguez, Roser de Querol, Susana López, Jordi Díaz, Elena Sofia Ojando i Lara Toro. I també un agraïment especial per a l’Elena Carrillo, companya d’aquest viatge que suposa el doctorat i també pel treball cooperatiu realitzat en aquest temps. En tercer lloc, en el marc de la Facultat també voldria agrair el suport dels companys de doctorat amb qui he compartit durant aquests anys molts moments. Especialment a la Natasha, en Frederic, en Guillermo i a tots els investigadors del C4-04 i C4-02. També faig extensiu aquest agraïment al personal d’administració i de serveis de la Facultat i de la Universitat pel suport donat sempre amb molta amabilitat. I am grateful to Dr. Tim Goedemé, Dr. Bérénice Storms, Dr. Karel Van den Bosch and Tess Penne from University of Antwerp (UA), Belgium - Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy (CSB) for their support, amiability and confidence during this process of research and participation within the ImPRovE project. I would also like to thank all of you once again for all your support during my stage in Antwerp –it was certainly an unforgettable experience. Moreover, I would like to emphasize that it has been a great opportunity to develop my thesis in the framework of the European projects on reference budgets and to bring this approach to my country. I would also like to thank all the ImPRovE partners for this fruitful collaboration. Finalment, voldria agrair a totes aquelles persones que han participat a la recerca com a experts en el camp d’estudi. També a totes les entitats col·laboradores i persones que han fet possible l’organització dels grups de discussió, així com també als participants d’aquests grups. En l’àmbit més personal, em queda agrair: Com a filla, a la meva mare pel seu incondicional suport i paciència, sobretot en aquests últims mesos. També per traslladar-me el seu esperit crític i reflexiu. Al meu pare per desvetllar-me l’interès pels temes socials i els missatges d’ànim. Com a parella, a en Benjamí pel seu infinit i inestimable suport. Com a amiga, a la Sílvia V., la Gabriela Z., la Laura S. i l’Alba C. per la seva amistat i ajuda en els moments més difícils. Com a cosina, agrair a la Nuri i la Montse el seu suport. Com a néta, voldria dedicar aquest treball a les meves àvies, Maria i Montserrat. 3 Quiero agradecer el apoyo del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (MECD) por concederme la ayuda predoctoral Formación del Profesorado Universitario (FPU) que ha permitido desarrollar esta tesis doctoral [FPU12/06640] 4 Resum Aquesta investigació presenta la construcció de pressupostos de referència – “reference budgets”, els quals il·lustren cistelles de béns i serveis per assolir un nivell de vida acceptable per a diferents tipologies de família en àrees densament poblades de Catalunya, prenent Barcelona com a ciutat de referència. Aquest nivell de vida acceptable reflecteix el mínim de recursos necessaris perquè les persones puguin desenvolupar les diverses posicions i rols socials pertinents. Per elaborar aquest indicador s’han identificat deu àmbits de necessitats, els quals són operativitatzats en cistelles de béns i serveis, d’acord amb un marc teòric i mètode comuns proposats recentment per a diferents ciutats europees. El contingut de les cistelles s’ha determinat en base a diferents fonts d’informació: guies oficials, consultes a experts, dades d’enquestes i grups de discussió. Els resultats per a diferents tipologies de família apunten que la cistella per a dur a terme una alimentació saludable és la que representa el major pressupost, sense considerar les despeses de l’habitatge. En canvi, les cistelles del descans, el lleure, la higiene personal i la salut representen una menor proporció del pressupost de referència total. A més, aquest indicador permet estimar el pressupost de referència per als infants de diferents edats a les llars. Tot i que els pressupostos de referència no són generalitzables al conjunt de la població, des d’aquest enfocament podem explorar una nova aproximació a la pobresa infantil, així com també ofereix un nou escenari per orientar les polítiques o l’acció social i educativa que garanteixi els drets i la inclusió dels infants. Paraules clau: pressupostos de referència, nivell de vida, pobresa infantil, família, infància, necessitats. 5 Abstract This research presents the development of reference budgets for Catalonia densely populated areas taking Barcelona as the reference city. We have priced baskets of goods and services, which represent the minimum financial resources required to participate adequately in a society, for well-described model families –an adequate participation is defined as the ability of people to fulfill the various social positions they should be able to play as members of society. We have identified ten intermediate needs and operationalised them in priced baskets of goods and services using a common theoretical and methodological approach that has been reported for several european cities. The content of the baskets was defined taking into account a variety of sources including national guidelines, opinion of experts, survey data on cultural habits and focus group discussions. We have observed that, without considering housing and car costs, the healthy food budget is the one that represents a higher share of the total budget in all family types. Conversely, the baskets for leisure, personal care and health care represent the smallest fraction of the budget. Additionally, we have estimated the minimum budget for children of different ages for an adequate social participation.
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