Annual Plan of Orissa 1978-79 (Draft)
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ANNUAL PLAN OF ORISSA 1978-79 (DRAFT) PLANNING & CO-ORDINATION DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF ORISSA B iLU B A N E S W A R DECEMBER, 1977 Dirkb..-. u A ct. ^ C o t ’ a. ^L{^, Co n t e n t s Chapter Subject Page 1. Introduction 1—3 2. Financial Resources 4—6 3. Sectoral Programmes—A Review 7—21 4. Agriculture including Land Reforms 22—50 5. Minor Irrigation Flow and Lift 51—58 6. Soil and Water Conservation 59—65 7. Area Development 66—73 8. Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development 74—84 9. Fisheries 85—95 10. Forest ; . 96—107 11. Community Developmettt and Panchayats 108—111 12. Co-operation 112—131 13. Irrigation, Drainage and Flood Control 132--rl43 14. Power 144—164 15. Industries 165—191 16. Mining and Metallurgical Industries 192—198 17. Roads and Bridges 199—207 18. Road Transport 208—209 19. Inland Water Transport 210—211 20. Tourism 212—215 21. Education 216—243 22. Technical Education 244—246 23. Art and Culture (Cultural Programme) 247—252 24. Health 253—268 Public ‘Health, Sanitation and Water-supply 269—278 26^ Housing 279—285 |7. Urban Development (including Environmental Development) 286—287 C hapter S u b je c t P age 28. Information and Publicity 288—289 29. Labour and Labour Welfare 290—296 30. Craftsman Training 297 31, Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tiibes and Other Backward Classes 298—302 32. Social Welfare 303—305 33. Public Co-operation 306 34. Nutrition 307 35. Printing, Stationery & Publication—Government Press 308—309 36. Statistics 310—312 37. Evaluation and Planning Machinery 313—318 38. Building Construction Pf&gfaimftt 319—320 39. Tribal Sub-Plan 321—328 40. Natural Calamities 329 41. A Broad Outline of World Bank Project 330—337 STATEMENT L Outlays and Expenditure under Major Heads of Development—GN 1 338—347 IL Outlays and Expenditure under Minor Heads of Development—GN 2 348—389 in. Development Programme—Targets and Achievement—GN 3 390—405 IV. Minimum Needs Programme—Outlays and Expenditure—Targets and 406—443 Achievements.—GN 4. V. Centrally Sponsored Scheme—Outlay and Expenditure—GN 5 444—459 VI. Flow of Funds and Benefits to Tribal Sub-Plan Area from General Sectors 460—471 T—Sub-Plan—L VII. Physical targets and achievement in Tiibal Sub-Plan area—T—Sub-Plan 2 4 7 2 U 5 0 7 t YIIL Employment generated and likely to be generated in the prograimmes during 508- the Fifth Five-Year Plan. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION I'l. .After twenty-five years of planning and development, Orissa continues to remain as one of the economically backward States, inspife of the fact that it is endowed with fertile land, abundant water, rich mineral deposits and forest resources. The paradox of poverty amidst plenty is no where so remarkably visible as in the case of Orissa. This has been largely due to lack of adequate infrastructure, which resulted in the slow pace of agricultural and industrial development and ultimately slow rate of economic growth. Slow economic growth of the State is noticeable in almost all the sectors of the economy. An analysis of the State Income of Orissa during the last five years shows that the aggregate domestic product of the State has been stagnating virtually. The State Income and the per capita income which constitute the most dependable composite indicators of relative prosperity or backwardness of different States show that Orissa is one of the States having a very low per capita income and the gap between National per capita and State per capita income, which was 80 rupees in 1950-51 increased to 96*3 rupees in 1974-75 and 87’3 rupees in 1975-76. During the year 1976-77 the per capita income of Orissa is likely to decline further on account of unfavourable weather conditions prevailing in the State. Agriculture 1*2. The economy of the State predominantly centres round agriculture. It provides employment to 76 per cent of the working population and accounts for about 62 per cent of the State income. Recurring droughts and irregular monsoons often alfect the agricultural production of the State. Rice which is the main crop in kharif season also fluctuates with the rainfall. Even in the years of normal rainfall, erratic and irre^lar distribution causes severe flood and drought, which ultimately affects the agricultural production of the State. On account of the adverse climatic conditions during the year 1976-77, food grains production has ifallen to 40.8 lakh tonnes as against 55.7 lakh tonnes in 1975-76. Thus food grains production has decreased by 26.8 per cent in 1976-77 as comf«.red to the previous year. The annual growth rate of food grains production has been only 1.96 per cent compared to the ?11-India figure of 3.16 per cent. Although the production grew at the rate of 2.27 per cent per annum the production of non-food grains grew at the rate of 7.8 per cent annum. This impressive growth in the production of non-food grains can be largely attributed to the success of our planned efforts in the development of commercial crops particularly groundnut. 1*3. The demand for food grains in the State will be of the order of 5.2 million tonnes; in 1978-79 and 5.9 million tonnes in 1983-84. As against these, the production of food grains, which has reached the level of 5.6 million tonnes in 1975-76 has slumped down to 4.1 million tonaes in 1976-77 on account of unfavourable weather conditions prevailing during the year.. Dueto imfavourable weather conditions prevalent in some parts of the State during the; yeai 1977-78, food grain production is also likely to be lower than our requirement for the year. Irrtf^tion 1’4. Progress in the field of irrigation has been slow. By the end of 1976-77 roughly 25 per cent of the area was brought under irrigation, which lags much behind the all-India averape. However, one new development during the Fifth Plan deserves to be mentioned. Dug-wells become popular for irrigation for the first time in Orissa. Over one lakh wells, were completed during this period. Base has thus been laid for large-scale private investment in irrigation. lofrastructure 1’5. One of the basic constraints of economic growth in Orissa is the lack of support ing infrastructure. - Private investment for industrialisation is shy, since the infrastructure is poor. Facility for railway traffic in Orissa is one of the lowest in terms of length of railway lines. Orissa has only 11 kms. of railway line per thousand sq. kms. of area compared, to 8 kms. of railway line at the national level and 42 kms. in Punjab, 42 kms. in West Bengal, 32 kms. in Haryana and 30 kms. in Bihar. Similarly in respect of road length per 100 sq. kms., Orissa has only 37 kms. of roads in 1971-72 as compared to 151 kms. in Punjab and 150 kms. in Kerala. Though Orissa has a long coast-line, the only port at Paradeep still needs considerable development. In view of its excellent locational advantages, its expansion by providing a ship-building yard needs to be emphasised again, which will speed up the economic development of the State. Power 1’6. The economic progress of the State largely depends upon devglopmeivt of power as stabilisation of agriculture and development of industries (as Orissa is richly endowed with mineral resources) would need large quantities of power. By the end of 1976-77, the installed xjapacity was of the order of 921*5 MW, with the increased emphasis in the use of electrical energy for agricultural purposes, great emphasis has been laid on the programme of rural electrification. By the end of 1976-77 about 28 per cent of the villages have been electrified and 5,400 pump-sets and tube-wells have been energised. Kemoval of poverty 1*7. Poverty and unemployment are the two basic problems confronting the State, which have drawn the immediate attention of the planners as well as the Government. Government are taking stepsufor restructuring the investment priorities so as to ensure sustained increase of employ ment opportunities in agriculture (including processing, storage, transport and distribution), development of employment intensive industrial units belonging to the rural small scale a i^ cottage industry sector. It is hoped that creation of substantial employment opportunities, especially, for the people below the poverty line would go a long way in reducing the hardship on the poorer sections of the population. Uaeii^loymeirt 1*8 . The strategy for fighting poverty is by way of income generation in productive employ ment for a vast mass of the poor in the working age-groupof 15—59 and offering themselves for work. According to a recent estimate prepared by the Bureau the magnitude of unemploy ment would be around 14*7 lakhs by the end of 1973-74. To this, there will be additions to the labour force every year to the tune of I'90 lakhs due to increase in population during|^ks Fifth Plan period. Taking into consideration the employment opportunities likely to be created during the Fifth plan peiiod and the present level of unemployment there will be still 16‘9 lakhs unemployed by the end of 1977-78. Price situation 1'9. The current price situtation in the State is a replica of the national price profile in which the noticeable feature is a reversal of the declining tendency in prices.