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Deutschland Auf Der ISS Germany on The Das DLR im Überblick Das DLR ist das nationale Forschungszentrum der Bundesrepublik Deutschland für Luft- und Raumfahrt. Seine umfangreichen For schungs- und Entwicklungs arbeiten in Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt, Verkehr, Energie und Sicherheit sind in nationale und internati- onale Kooperationen eingebunden. Über die eigene Forschung hinaus ist das DLR als Raumfahrtmanagement im Auf trag der Germany on the ISS Bundesregierung für die Planung und Umsetzung der deut- schen Raumfahrtaktivitäten sowie für die internationale Inter- es senswahrnehmung zuständig. Zudem fungiert das DLR als Dachorga ni sation für den national größten Projektträger. Das DLR beschäftigt circa 6.700 Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter an 13 Standorten und unterhält Büros in Brüssel, Paris und Washington, D.C. DeutschlandaufderISS/ DLR at a Glance DLR is Germany‘s national research centre for aeronautics and space. Its extensive research and development work in Aeronautics, Space, Transportation, Energy and Security is integrated into natio- nal and international cooperative ventures. As Germany‘s Space Adminis tration, DLR has been given responsibility for the forward planning and the implementation of the German space program- me by the German Federal Government as well as for the interna- tional representation of German interests. Furthermore, Germany‘s largest project-management agency is also part of DLR. DLR employs approximately 6,700 people at 13 locations in Germany and oper ates offices in Brussels, Paris, and Washington, Information Brochure D.C. Informationsbroschüre Deutschland auf der ISS Germany on the ISS German Aerospace Center Kommunikation Communications Linder Hoehe D-51147 Köln/Cologne Germany www.DLR.de DLR ISS_D-GB_11 2 Inhalt Contents Die Internationale Raumstation The International Space Station Das Nationale Raumfahrtprogramm ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 6 Germany’s National Space Programme Größtes Forschungsprojekt aller Zeiten ���������������������������������������������������������������� 7 Greatest Research Project of all Time Leben und Forschen im Weltall ����������������������������������������������������������������������������� 9 Life and Research in Space Automated Transfer Vehicle �������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 18 Automated Transfer Vehicle COLUMBUS ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 28 COLUMBUS Deutsche Forschung auf der ISS German Research on the ISS Forschung unter Weltraumbedingungen ����������������������������������������������������������� 36 Research under Space Conditions Experimente von 2001 bis 2010 ��������������������������������������������������������������������������� 38 Experiments from 2001 till 2010 Experimente ab 2011 �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 56 Experiments from 2011 Industrieforschung ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 76 Industrial Research Schülerexperimente ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 79 Students‘ Experiments Die ISS im Zeitraffer The ISS in Fast Motion Vergangenheit ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 82 The Past Zukunft ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 89 The Future 3 4 DIe InteR natIonale RaUmStatIon The InTeRnaTIonal SpaCe STaTIon 5 Das nationale Raumfahrtprogramm Germany’s national Space programme In seinem Programm „Forschung In its "Research under Space unter Weltraumbedingungen“ unter- Conditions"-programme, DLR (the stützt das Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- German Aerospace Center) supports und Raumfahrt (DLR) Biologen, Medi- biologists, medical researchers, ziner, Physiker und Materialwissen- physicists and material scientists schaftler aus deutschen Universitäten from German universities and other und anderen Forschungseinrichtun- research facilities in pursuing their gen, damit diese Experimente in der microgravity research. Embedded in Schwerelosigkeit durchführen kön- the National Space Programme of nen� Dieses Programm ist verankert the German Federal Government im Nationalen Raumfahrtprogramm this programme is implemented by der Bundesregierung; es wird im Auf- DLR Space Administration on behalf trag des Bundesministeriums für of the Federal Ministry of Economics Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWi) and Technology. vom DLR Raumfahrtmanagement umgesetzt� Commissioned by DlR, the space industry develops equipment specially Speziell für den einsatz im Weltraum not- designed for use in space; a source of wendige Geräte werden im auftrag des innovative technologies from which DlR von der Raumfahrtindustrie entwi- applications on earth may benefit as ckelt; eine Quelle innovativer technologien well. Thus, for example, results obtained – auch für anwendungen auf der erde� from space experiments helped to improve ergebnisse aus Weltraumex-permenten the methods by which castings for cars trugen beispielsweise dazu bei, Gussver- and aircraft are made, and to develop fahren im automobil- und Flugzeugbau innovative medical equipment. Moreover, zu verbessern und neue medizinische DlR provides scientists with opportunities Geräte zu entwickeln� auf vielfältige to eliminate the influence of gravity in Weise bietet das DlR den Wis senschaft- the experiments. lern die entsprechenden Fluggelegenhei- ten, um den einfluss der Schwerkraft in For automated experiments, the follow- experimenten aus zuschalten� ing are available: - the Bremen drop tower (five to nine Für automatisch ablaufende Versuche ste- seconds of microgravity), hen - the TeXUS (six minutes) and MaXUS - der Fallturm in Bremen (fünf beziehungs- (twelve minutes) research rockets, and weise neun Sekunden Schwere losigkeit), - research satellites like the Russian - die Forschungsraketen teXUS (sechs FoTon and BIon capsules (several minuten) und maXUS (zwölf minuten), weeks). - Forschungssatelliten wie die russischen Foton- und BIon-Kapseln (mehrere To run experiments involving humans Wochen) either as experimenters or as subjects, the two types of flight opportunities zur Verfügung� available to scientists are Für experimente, die den menschen - parabolic flights (up to 31 times 22 als experimentator oder als testperson seconds per flight day) or benötigen, können Wissenschaftler - the ISS (several months or years). - Parabelflüge (bis zu 31 mal 22 Sekunden pro Flugtag) - die ISS (mehrere monate bis Jahre) als Fluggelegenheit nutzen� 6 Das nationale Raumfahrtprogramm Größtes Forschungsprojekt aller Zeiten Germany’s national Space programme Greatest Research project of all Time In circa 400 Kilometer Höhe zieht das 400 kilometres up, the greatest inter- größte internationale Technologie- national technology project in the projekt der Menschheitsgeschichte history of mankind moves along seine Bahnen: die Internationale its course: the International Space Raumstation ISS� Sie ist ein fliegendes Station (ISS). A flying laboratory, Labor mit exzellenten Möglichkeiten it offers excellent opportunities to für Wissenschaft und industrielle For- science and industrial research. schung� Die ersten Astronauten der „Experiment One“ bezogen die ISS The first astronauts of “Experiment am 2� November 2000� Im Februar One” moved in the ISS on November 2001 dockte mit dem amerikanischen 2, 2000. The American DESTINY mod- Bauteil DESTINY das erste Forschungs- ule was the first research segment to modul an� dock on in February 2001. The sched- ule was quite tight at first: most of Der Zeitplan war zunächst recht straff: the station’s components were to be Bis 2004 sollten die meisten module in integrated by 2004. Yet, following Die Internationale Raumstation ISS: Das flie- die Station integriert sein� Doch der America’s Columbia space shuttle gende Labor bietet exzellente Möglichkeiten Unfall des amerikanischen Space Shuttle disaster on February 1, 2003, build- für Wissenschaft und industrielle Forschung Columbia am 1� Februar 2003 stoppte ing work was suspended for three The International Space Station ISS: The fly- den ausbau für dreieinhalb Jahre� ab and a half year. Since the summer ing laboratory offers excellent opportunities Sommer 2006 wurde der transport von of 2006, assembly flights have been to science and industrial research Bauteilen wieder aufgenommen und die resumed, and the space station has Raumstation kon tinuierlich vergrößert� been enlarged continuously. Addi- So konnten weitere Forschungslabore zur tional research laboratories were ISS ge bracht werden – unter ihnen auch hauled up to the space station, das europäische modul ColUmBUS� including COLUMBUS, the European Dessen Realisierung wurde von Deutsch- research lab. Germany played a piv- land maßgeblich vorangetrieben� otal role in its construction. Die Internationale Raumstation ist ein The International Space Station (ISS) is weltweites Kooperationsprogramm der a worldwide cooperation programme Vereinigten Staaten, Russlands, Kanadas, involving the United States, Russia, Cana- Japans und von zehn mitgliedstaaten der da, Japan, and ten member states of the europäischen Weltraumorganisation eSa european Space agency eSa (Belgium, (Belgien, Dänemark, Deutschland, Frank- Denmark, Germany, France, Italy, The reich, Italien, niederlande, norwegen, netherlands, norway, Sweden, Switzer- Schweden,
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