The Ukrainian Weekly Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association

Vol. LXXXIX No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 $2.00 says amassing troops at the border Zelenskyy dismisses two Constitutional as Rada condemns escalation of fighting in the east Court judges in controversial move Judges in turn challenge their dismissals in Supreme Court

by Mark Raczkiewycz – Ousted Constitutional Court Chief Justice Oleksandr Tupytsky on March 29 challenged his dismissal by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy with the Supreme Court, a court filing shows. Post-Soviet Ukraine’s sixth president had two days earlier revoked Mr. Tupytsky’s appointment to the court by reversing a presidential decree that his pre- decessor, , had signed on September 17, 2013. Constitutional Court of Ukraine In signing the executive order, Mr. Ousted Constitutional Court Chief Justice General Staff of the Zelenskyy said that certain justices “pose a Oleksandr Tupytsky attends an online Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Ruslan Khomchak. threat to the state independence and forum on August 27. national security of Ukraine.” by Mark Raczkiewycz Russian troops in the vicinity had not Another Constitutional Court judge, that is still simmering and which has killed left since military exercises concluded in Oleksandr Kasminin, had his appointment nearly 14,000 people. KYIV – Ukrainian military Commander- the area on March 23, The New York Times by the former president also revoked. He “These persons [two judges] can go on a in-Chief Lt. Gen. Ruslan Khomchak this reported, citing U.S. strategists. subsequently challenged his ouster with well-deserved vacation,” Mr. Zelenskyy said week notified parliament that Russian An “additional concentration of up to 25 the Supreme Court as well. in a separate statement. He added that all troops are amassing near the country’s Russian BTGs is expected” there soon, the In the wake of the pro-democracy 2014 of Mr. Yanukovych’s decrees are undergo- border in the “north, east and south,” lieutenant general said, while adding that Revolution of Dignity, Mr. Yanukovych ing an audit. including in occupied Crimea. some 34,000 Russian military personnel abandoned office and fled to Russia. He was The ejected chief justice, Mr. Tupytsky, The Armed Forces head on March 30 are stationed in Crimea. convicted of treason in absentia in 2019 for called the presidential decree “unlawful delivered a presentation in the Verkhovna Four Ukrainian soldiers were killed after aiding and abetting “an aggressive war” by and unconstitutional” and the court has Rada where he said 28 battalion tactical an hours-long battle on March 26 north of Russia, which forcibly seized Ukraine’s said the president’s actions are “legally null groups (BTGs) are deployed near Ukraine’s Russian-controlled where forces Crimean Peninsula in March 2014 and and void.” border and are within one to two days covertly invaded the two easternmost striking distance of the contact line. (Continued on page 7) regions of Luhansk and Donetsk in a war (Continued on page 12)

Following internal conflict, Holos members issue statement critical of party leadership

by Roman Tymotsko politics on June 11, 2020, when he announced his resignation from the KYIV – In the latest step of an escalating . It was the second time internal political party conflict, half of that the front man of the rock band Okean Holos’s 20 members of parliament Elzy resigned as a national deputy. Mr. released a statement on March 29 calling Vakarchuk’s first foray as a member of for the initiation of a party congress to parliament was in 2007-2008. elect new leadership and change the par- In 2020, the party’s congress elected ty’s statute. The move came after the Kira Rudyk as the new party leader. group’s political council warned last week Ms. Rudyk said that the current internal that several deputies faced possible expul- dispute is over the party’s growth and its sion from party. future direction. Formed by the Ukrainian rock star “Such transformations are complicated. Svyatoslav Vakarchuk, Holos (Voice) man- And this is normal,” said Ms. Rudyk, who aged to become a member of the Ukrainian before entering politics was a chief operat- parliament in July 2019, only two months ing officer of the information technology after the faction was officially formed in startup Ring Ukraine, which was bought 2019. The party now holds 20 seats out of by Amazon for $1 billion in 2018. the total 450 members of parliament, mak- “They are complicated not only in poli- ing it the smallest faction in the Rada. tics; they are complex in all structures that Mr. Vakarchuk gave up his leadership of Holos the party and began moving away from Members of the Holos faction stand in front of the Ukrainian parliament. (Continued on page 14) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14

ANALYSIS

Demographic transformation of Crimea: forced RSF concerned over journalist’s “confession” the population away from the numerous internal problems of the peninsula” ahead migration as part of Russia’s ‘hybrid’ strategy Reporters Without Borders (RSF) says it of the seventh anniversary of its forcible fears that a detained Crimean journalist’s annexation, which was marked on March Border Service, the National Guard, the Tax televised “confession” to spying on behalf 18. The U.S. State Department called Mr. by Alla Hurska of Ukraine was obtained under torture and Eurasia Daily Monitor Service, the Treasury, the Pension Fund), Yesypenko’s arrest “another attempt to and members of their families are moving has called for his immediate release and repress those who speak the truth about Russian President ’s to Crimea without changing their perma- the withdrawal of the charges against him. Russia’s aggression in Ukraine.” Graty, a Decree No. 201 came into effect on March nent registration in Russian passports In a statement on March 26, Jeanne Ukrainian media outlet specializing in 20, 2021. The executive edict adds Crimea (because of the fear of being sanctioned), Cavelier, the head of RSF’s Eastern Europe police and judicial abuses, quoted a source and to “the list of Russia’s bor- and thus they are not included in official and Central Asia desk, expressed concern at Mr. Yesypenko’s place of detention as der territories where foreign citizens, state- statistics. about “the psychological and physical pres- saying he had been tortured, while the law- less persons and foreign legal entities can- Russian official statistics include only sure” Vladislav Yesypenko has been sub- yer chosen by the journalist’s family has not own land.” As such, non-Russians, those who registered their place of resi- jected to. Ms. Cavelier also condemned the not been allowed to see him, according to including Ukrainian citizens who still dence in Crimea. The joint “Monitoring ban on access to his lawyer. Mr. Yesypenko, the Crimean Human Rights Group (CHRG). reside in occupied Crimea but who refused Group” of BlackSeaNews and the Black Sea a freelance contributor to Crimea.Realities, This suggests that the authorities are trying to obtain a Russian passport, can now be Institute of Strategic Studies suggests that a regional news outlet of RFE/RL’s to cover up evidence that Mr. Yesypenko stripped of their property. One year ago, Mr. the real number of migrants who came to Ukrainian Service, was “visibly pale and has been “subjected to illegal methods of Putin imposed a ban on land ownership in Crimea may be between 800,000 and 1 mil- had difficulty talking when he made his investigation, including physical and psy- Crimea, thereby legitimizing the state’s lion people (BlackSeaNews, August 29, confession – one almost certainly obtained chological violence,” the CHRG said. Mr. appropriation of Ukrainian government 2020). , a politician and under duress – in an interview for local Yesypenko was detained along with a resi- assets and private property there. Foreign leader of the Crimean Tatar national move- Russian TV channel Krym24 that seemed dent of the Crimean city of Alushta, citizens legally had one year to sell or re- ment, stated a few years ago that during more like a police interrogation,” the Paris- Yelizaveta Pavlenko, after the two took part register their property based in Crimea; the period of annexation, new or expanded based media freedom watchdog said. The in an event marking the 207th anniversary but Russia, under the pretext of anti-pan- military towns appeared in , Saki, interview was broadcast on March 18, of the birth of Ukrainian poet and thinker demic restrictions, significantly limited out- Yevpatoria and Sevastopol (Radio Svoboda, eight days after Mr. Yesypenko, who has Taras Shevchenko the day before in Crimea. side access to Crimea, especially for those May 28, 2018). According to Gayan Yuksel, Ukrainian and Russian dual nationality, was Ms. Pavlenko was later released. Russia trying to enter the peninsula from Ukraine a member of the Mejlis of the Crimean arrested in Ukraine’s Russia-annexed forcibly annexed Ukraine’s Crimean (Krymr.com, March 11). Decree No. 201 is Tatar People, the Russian government Crimea region. Russia’s Federal Security Peninsula in March 2014, sending in troops not only a violation of Ukrainian legislation launched a special resettlement program Service (FSB) said Mr. Yesypenko was sus- and staging a referendum denounced as (Crimea remains overwhelmingly recog- for siloviki (security services personnel). pected of collecting information for illegitimate by at least 100 countries after nized as de jure part of Ukraine) and inter- They reportedly receive a one-time pay- Ukrainian intelligence and claimed that an Moscow-friendly Ukrainian President national humanitarian law, but also repre- ment of $30,000 to move their families to object “looking like an explosive device” Viktor Yanukovych was ousted amid a wave sents another illegal step forward for Crimea (Espreso.tv, March 17, 2019). was found in his automobile during his of public protests. Rights groups say that Russia’s recolonization strategy in Crimea. Additionally, Russian retirees from apprehension. The journalist was charged since then, Russia has moved aggressively The Russian authorities are trying to clear Moscow, the High North, Siberia and other with “making firearms,” which is punish- to prosecute Ukrainian activists and any- the occupied territory of “disloyal” resi- wealthy areas have been actively buying up able by up to six years in prison. RFE/RL one who questions the annexation. dents and to erect a kind of “iron curtain” real estate in Crimea. The -based President Jamie Fly has called for Mr. Moscow also backs separatists in a war between Crimea and Ukraine. Russian National Commercial Bank consid- Yesypenko’s immediate release and also against Ukrainian government forces that Since 2014, Russia has been employing ers Siberians a key target audience for the has questioned the circumstances under has killed more than 13,000 people in east- traditional Soviet resettlement practices development of real estate mortgage pro- which Mr. Yesypenko made his confession. ern Ukraine since April 2014. (RFE/RL) and forcibly changing the demographic grams in Crimea. The bank initiated a large- “We question the circumstances surround- composition of the population in Crimea scale remote mortgage program in Siberia. ing this purported confession, which Four soldiers killed by shelling (see EDM, May 30, 2019, and August 6, Buyers from Krasnoyarsk will be able to appears to be forced and made without The Ukrainian military says four of its 2019). The imposition of Russian Federat­ make a real estate purchase in Crimea and access to legal counsel,” Mr. Fly said in a soldiers have been killed in shelling in the ion citizenship on residents of Crimea obtain a mortgage remotely (Krymr.com, statement. “The Russian authorities have country’s east, where fighting between gov- (nearly all residents of the peninsula had January 25, 2019). similarly smeared RFE/RL Ukrainian ernment forces and Russia-backed separat- Russian citizenship less than a year after Individuals from the so-called Luhansk Service contributors with false charges in ists has killed more than 13,000 people the annexation), forced deportations, the and Donetsk “people’s republics” (LPR, the past. Vladislav is a freelance contribu- since April 2014. “Today, March 26, the unlawful conscription of local men into the DPR) have also contributed to migration tor with RFE/RL’s Ukrainian Service, not a armed forces of the Russian Federation Russian military, persecutions and impris- flows into Crimea. Prior to the annexation, spy, and he should be released,” Mr. Fly once again violated the cease-fire” agreed onments of pro-Ukrainian activists who many Ukrainians from these eastern prov- added. Ukraine’s Foreign Intelligence to in July 2020 and targeted the positions of stand against the occupation, repressions inces had already invested in the Crimean Service described the arrest as “a conve- against the Ukrainian Churches, as well as real estate market. In Russian official statis- nient attempt to distract the attention of (Continued on page 10) closures of Ukrainian schools triggered a tics, they are presently indicated as mass departure of Ukrainians (including “migrants from CIS [Commonwealth of Crimean Tatars) from Crimea. According to Independent States] countries.” Moreover, the Prosecutor General’s Office of Ukraine, most of them moved to Crimea during the The Ukrainian Weekly FOUNDED 1933 almost 48,000 people left the peninsula for first year of occupation and now have Ukraine during the last seven years (Krymr. Russian passports. Consequently, it is diffi- An English-language newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., com, January 6). The number of those who cult to adequately assess the scale of their a non-profit association, at 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. moved to other countries may be higher. migration (BlackSeaNews, August 29, Yearly subscription rate: $90; for UNA members — $80. At the same time, Russia has been 2020). Periodicals postage paid at Caldwell, NJ 07006 and additional mailing offices. actively trying to increase the size of its Migrant workers from the Caucasus, (ISSN — 0273-9348) “loyal” population by promoting and Central Asia and Upper (“Nagorno”) encouraging the in-migration of its citizens Karabakh are also not uncommon in The Weekly: UNA: to Crimea. According to the Office of the Crimea. This diverse environment some- Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 644-9510 Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 292-0900 Federal State Statistics Service in Crimea times provokes ethnic tensions and con- and Sevastopol, since 2014, 205,559 flicts on the peninsula. Reportedly, such Postmaster, send address changes to: The Ukrainian Weekly Editor-in-chief: Andrew Nynka Russians moved to Crimea, of whom migration flows led to the formation of eth- 2200 Route 10 Editor: Matthew Dubas 88,445 settled in Sevastopol (Crimeahrg. nically based organized crime groups. In P.O. Box 280 org, January 6). As of January 2021, the 2019, Russian police arrested a dozen Parsippany, NJ 07054 e-mail: [email protected] population of Sevastopol was 513,149 Chechens, including Murad Saidov, the dep- (Goroda Rossii, accessed March 14). uty permanent representative of Chechnya The Ukrainian Weekly Archive: www.ukrweekly.com Ukrainian authorities from the Ministry of in Crimea. The detained men were suspect- Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied ed of extortion, kidnapping and involve- The Ukrainian Weekly, April 4, 2021, No. 14, Vol. LXXXIX Territories and representatives of the ment in a Chechen criminal group in Copyright © 2021 The Ukrainian Weekly Crimean Human Rights Group believe the Crimea. But Isa Khachukaev, Chechen gov- real figures of such new settlers are much ernor Ramzan Kadyrov’s permanent envoy greater (Informator.ua, January 6). A large to the peninsula, and Mr. Kadyrov himself number of military personnel, employees stood up for the apprehended Mr. Saidov ADMINISTRATION OF THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY AND SVOBODA of the federal government, local and federal (Lenta, February 7, 2019). Walter Honcharyk, administrator (973) 292-9800, ext. 3040 executive branch agencies (the Ministry of Since illegally annexing Ukraine’s and advertising manager fax: (973) 644-9510 e-mail: [email protected] Internal Affairs, the Federal Security Crimean Peninsula, Russia has been forci- Service, the Investigative Committee, the Subscription Department (973) 292-9800, ext. 3040 e-mail: [email protected] Customs Service, prosecutor’s offices, the (Continued on page 5) No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 3

NEWS ANALYSIS Franco-German proposals in the Normandy Forum: A letdown to Ukraine

by Vladimir Socor from Minsk Two only. would, for this task, include some Steinmeier Formula (named after former Eurasia Daily Monitor The “Clusters” document is offered Ukrainian personnel in the SMM. All this German foreign affairs minister Frank- (according to its preamble) as the basis for presupposes a large increase in the SMM’s Walter Steinmeier, who proposed it) aims The Kremlin’s representative to negotia- a “roadmap” that Kyiv and Donetsk- manpower, equipment and, therefore, bud- to de-couple ORDLO’s special status from tions over Russia’s war in Ukraine’s east, Luhansk should negotiate in the Minsk get, as well as correspondingly enlarging democracy qualifications. This would be Dmitry Kozak, is undoubtedly the source of Contact Group, as the Minsk “agreement” SMM’s mandate. Russia, however, has a the first stage of applying the Steinmeier the outpouring of secret documents to the requires. The roadmap shall be subject to long record of using its veto power to sabo- Formula; the second stage concerns bring- Russian daily Kommersant (March 24), the Normandy Four’s approval. Ukraine has tage OSCE missions, restrict their man- ing ORDLO’s special status permanently revealing the negotiating positions of the done its outmost to avoid negotiating with dates, and cripple their budgets, including into force (see Clusters B and K). parties to the Normandy process (Germany, Russia’s proxies, but the Franco-German those of the SMM in Ukraine. Under Cluster H, the restoration of France, Russia, Ukraine). proposal would nudge Kyiv back into that Under Cluster F, rewarding ORDLO’s Ukrainian control at the border (as envi- Mr. Kozak has, in recent months, urged trap. partial demilitarization, Ukraine would sioned conditionally in Cluster E) would Kyiv, Berlin and Paris to turn the negotia- Cluster A answers to some of Kyiv’s bring the ORDLO special electoral law (as “begin.” tors’ informal, give-and-take position security concerns in order to get the politi- pre-agreed with ORDLO’s negotiators – see Cluster I requires Ukraine to reciprocate papers into official documents, under the cal process started. It provides (as does above) into force permanently. by bringing the amnesty for “participants envoys’ respective signatures, and make Minsk Two) for full adherence to the cease- Cluster G provides for ORDLO to stage in the events in ORDLO” (Minsk parlance them public. His stated goal (Interfax, fire, pullback of heavy weapons, troop dis- “local” elections, monitored by the OSCE’s for the armed conflict and related crimes) March 18) is to expose Kyiv’s “obstructive” engagement at selected places along the Office of Democratic Elections and Human temporarily into force. attitude and blame the deadlock on demarcation line, de-mining, opening Rights (ODIHR). By “local elections,” Kyiv Under Cluster J, Ukraine would regain Ukraine. On the other hand, his unstated crossing-points, all-for-all exchange of has all along meant elections to district-, full control of its own side of the Ukraine- goal (as Kyiv analysts see it) is to provoke detainees, and unimpeded access for the town- and village-level administrations, Russia border in ORDLO. This would occur mistrust and disaffection in Ukrainian soci- Organization for Security and Cooperation whereas ORDLO authorities have meant three stages behind the “local” elections in ety toward the authorities involved in these in Europe’s Special Monitoring Mission elections to their “parliaments” and “presi- ORDLO, thus negating Kyiv’s top priority, negotiations. Kyiv, Berlin and Paris, citing (OSCE SMM). dents,” while Russia has equivocated. The which is to regain control of the border diplomatic confidentiality, had all declined Under Cluster B, Ukraine would offer Franco-German proposals do not dispel before ORDLO’s elections, not after. to have these documents publicized, unless political concessions in return for Cluster A’s that dangerous ambiguity. In close correla- Furthermore, “full” Ukrainian control is in and until the Normandy Four come to an threat-reduction measures. Kyiv should tion with ORDLO’s elections, Ukraine jeopardy while the People’s Militia remains agreement on this basis. Mr. Kozak’s leak is negotiate with Donetsk-Luhansk in the would bring the law on ORDLO’s special a force in being and would already have the latest move in Russia’s psychological Minsk Contact Group over the content of status into temporary effect as of 8:00 p.m. performed joint patrols with Ukrainian warfare, coupled with a spike of armed legal acts that the Minsk “agreement” on election day (end of the ballot-casting). police (Clusters C and E). hostilities at the front (see EDM, February requires the Ukrainian parliament to adopt. Ukraine would, thus, accept ORDLO’s spe- Finally, Cluster K requires Ukraine to 18, March 15, 24, 25). Four Ukrainian sol- Those acts include: constitutional reform to cial status instantly, without awaiting the bring the constitutional reform on decen- diers were killed and two others wounded decentralize Ukraine’s state administration, a OSCE’s final post-election assessment (i.e., tralization as well as the laws on ORDLO’s on March 26, prompting the usual nervous special status for the Donetsk-Luhansk terri- in practice, irrespective of those elections’ special status, special economic zone and reaction from President Volodymyr tories (“certain areas of the Donetsk and rectitude). In practical terms, it would be amnesty into force permanently, provided Zelenskyy (President.gov.ua, March 26, 27). Luhansk oblasts” – Russian acronym politically impossible for Ukraine to revoke that the OSCE certifies ORDLO’s “local” Irrespective of Mr. Kozak’s primordial ORDLO), an amnesty law applicable in the temporary special status even if elections as having “complied with [the] intention, however, the centerpiece in the ORDLO, a law on a special economic zone in ORDLO’s elections are unfree and unfair. OSCE’s standards on the whole.” This trove leaked to Kommersant is the Franco- that territory, a distinct law on “local” elec- Were Kyiv in that case to revoke the tempo- would be the second stage of applying the German document on implementing the tions in ORDLO, and incorporating the rary special status, Kyiv would probably be Steinmeier Formula (the first stage is con- Minsk “agreements.” The German chancel- Steinmeier Formula into Ukraine’s legislation accused of reigniting the war; and Russia tained in Cluster G). Compliance “on the lor and the French president’s top political (this latter requirement is not a part of the would probably itself reignite the war advisors, Jan Hecker and Emmanuel Bonne, 2015 Minsk “agreement” but a 2019 aggra- while blaming it on Kyiv. The so-called (Continued on page 7) respectively, are its main authors. Titled, vating addendum – see below). Cluster B and somewhat awkwardly, “Key Clusters for the subsequent ones flowing from it, there- Carrying Out the Minsk Agreements,” the fore, facilitate Russia’s intrusion via Donetsk- FOR THE RECORD document has been on the Normandy nego- Luhansk into Ukraine’s legislative processes, tiating table (by video-conferences) since which is the Minsk “agreement’s” logic. February 8. Russia tabled its counter-pro- The Franco-German proposals’ Cluster C Efforts to rescind Duranty’s Pulitzer posal on February 16, along with Donetsk- envisages a “start” to the withdrawal of Luhansk’s counter-proposal (not taken “foreign” armed forces from the Donetsk- take on new momentum under consideration in the Normandy Luhansk territory, as well as a “start” to dis- The U.S. Committee on Ukrainian Revocation Subcommittee. forum). Ukraine had earlier tabled some arming unlawful armed groups in that ter- Holodomor-Genocide Awareness released Duranty claimed that there was no counter-proposals of its own, but it has yet ritory, “excepting the people’s militia.” This to respond to these latest Franco-German would allow Donetsk and Luhansk to retain the following statement on March 23. starvation in Ukraine during the genocide and Russian proposals. at least some armed forces. People’s Militia known as Holodomor, stating that only Moscow wants Kyiv to respond officially is the title of their existing forces, and the WASHINGTON – The U.S. Committee some people were hungry. He was a mas- and negatively, not so much to the Russian Minsk “agreement” entitles them to a “peo- on Ukrainian Holodomor-Genocide ter of “fake news,” which was accepted by document (a deliberate nonstarter) but to ple’s militia.” Awareness (herein referred to as U.S. a gullible and complicit European and the Franco-German proposal, so that Kyiv Under Cluster D, Ukraine would (again) Holodomor Committee) has begun a American public, citing Duranty’s pres- would look intransigent and alienate Berlin offer political concessions in return for national campaign to ask the Pulitzer tige as the authority on the . and Paris. Indeed, the Franco-German “Key Cluster C’s measures on threat reduction. Prize Board to reconsider their 2003 The U.S. Holodomor Committee Clusters” adhere to the Russian-imposed Kyiv would bring the constitutional reform statement and finally admit that they Duranty revocation mission begins in Minsk Two “agreement” while tinkering on decentralization as well as the ORDLO made a mistake and negate the Pulitzer springtime 2021, when the Pulitzer Prize with the sequence of steps at the margins. electoral law and special economic zone Prize awarded to Walter Duranty. Board meets and selects their 2021 The Kremlin, however, is not interested in law into force, all temporarily at this stage. Duranty was the New York Times’ Pulitzer Prize honorees. Furthermore, as ending its multi-dimensional war against Kyiv is supposed to have negotiated and Moscow correspondent during Joseph April is designated Genocide Awareness Ukraine and, therefore, not interested in agreed those laws co-equally with ORDLO’s Stalin’s murderous reign over the Soviet Month throughout the world, U.S. the Franco-German proposals, regardless representatives in the Minsk Contact Group Union who lied about the circumstances Holodomor Committee Chairman of how favorable they are to Russia. They (see above). of Stalin’s genocidal policies. Michael Sawkiw, Jr., said: “The Ukrainian amount, as Ukrainian analyst Mariya Cluster E envisages the “completion” of The mission of the revamped Duranty community requests and implores the Zolkina observes, almost to a copy-paste of Cluster C’s troop withdrawal and disarma- revocation campaign is to recruit allies Pulitzer Prize Board to ultimately do its Minsk (Ukraiynska Pravda, March 26). ment measures. This is no completion, and coordinate efforts to convince the morally acceptable part, after 89 years, in The Franco-German document compris- however, because this cluster legitimizes Pulitzer Prize Board to reverse its revoking Duranty’s undeserved prize.” es 11 clusters (blocs) of stipulations of the ORDLO’s People’s Militia as a force in being defense of the 1932 Pulitzer Prize to pro- The Duranty revocation campaign, for- Minsk Two “agreement,” to be carried out alongside Ukrainian Interior affairs minis- pagandist Walter Duranty. “For more mulated by subcommittee members sequentially. Kyiv had recently argued that try forces. Security in the ORDLO territory than 20 years, the Pulitzer Prize Board Maria Kvit-Flynn and Zina Poletz- the Minsk One and Minsk Two “agree- shall be provided by joint patrols of and The New York Times have fallen Gutmanis, has the following goals: ments” (September 2014 and February Ukrainian police and the People’s Militia, silent to the pleas of Ukrainians to correct First, to build a network of journalists 2015, respectively) should both be taken with the participation and mediation of the an unconscionable wrong – awarding the and educators, empowering them to con- into account, given that Russia’s breaches OSCE’s SMM. The SMM would also estab- prestigious prize for journalism to a man tinue writing articles, editorials, and pro- of Minsk One had turned Minsk Two into lish a presence on the legally Ukrainian side who knowingly contributed to the starva- moting the great travesty of mistruths an even worse dispensation for Ukraine of the Ukraine-Russia border in ORDLO tion of millions of Ukrainians,” said (see EDM, February 22). The Franco- (410-kilometer section, currently under Oksana Piaseckyj, chair of the Duranty (Continued on page 4) German proposal nevertheless proceeds Russian and proxy control). The OSCE 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14

Ukrainian hierarchs participate in the enthronement of Metropolitan Emmanuel

by Matthew Dubas mental in assisting the OCU being granted the Tomos of Autocephaly by the Ecumenical PARSIPPANY, N.J. – Ukrainian Orthodox Patriarchate of Constantinople in 2019. hierarchs, Archbishop Daniel of the Archbishop Daniel participated as the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the U.S.A. representative of Metropolitan Antony and (UOC-U.S.A.) and Archbishop Yevstratiy of the UOC-U.S.A. at the enthronement cere- the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU), monies and offered congratulations. attended the enthronement of Metropolitan Archbishop Daniel and Archbishop Yevstra­ Emmanuel as eparch of Chalcedon on tiy presented separate gifts of a bishop’s March 20 in Istanbul at Holy Trinity medallion, known as a panagia, to Cathedral. Metropolitan Emmanuel on the occasion of Metropolitan Emmanuel, who previous- his enthronement. ly served as bishop of France, was instru- Patriarch Bartholomew met privately

Yani Kayakoparan Archbishop Daniel of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the U.S.A. (left) celebrates the enthronement of Metropolitan Emmanuel as Elder of the Metropolis of Chalcedon.

with Archbishop Daniel in Istambul to dis- this new call of the Church in the fear of cuss various ecclesiastical and administra- God. In the Church, we learn to always be tive issues in the life of the Church. obedient. As the Apostle Paul says, ‘obey Metropolitan Emmanuel, in his remarks your leaders and submit to them’ (Hebrews that were delivered in Greek, English, 13:17) … I ask for the prayers of all of you, Arabic and French, stated: “my election and so that I may be shown worthy of the enthronement at the recommendation of expectations of our Patriarch, and that I His All Holiness [Ecumenical Patriarch may be well-pleasing to both God and man.” Pomisna.info Bartholomew], to the historic Elder Patriarch Bartholomew, in his address Archbishop Yevstratiy of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (left) presents a panagia, Metropolis of Chalcedon by the Holy and following the enthronement, noted that he or bishop’s medallion, to Metropolitan Emmanuel following his enthronement as Sacred Synod, is a supreme honor for me. I Elder of the Metropolis of Chalcedon. feel a great responsibility, and I will answer (Continued on page 5)

the 90th anniversary commemoration of the Holodomor in Efforts to rescind... the years 2022-2023. (Continued from page 3) Distribution of information is important as a means of promoting awareness for the Holodomor. The U.S. and lies perpetrated by Walter Duranty. The goal is to Holodomor Committee requests that individuals take the engage at least one top-tier media outlet to cover the cam- following actions to help the cause: paign with a substantive story. Prominent spokespeople - have been enlisted for their support in this massive effort. site www.ukrainegenocide.com for more information on Second, to request that the Ukrainian American commu- the• Holodomor Visit the U and.S. Hol activitiesodomor around Commit thetee’s country updated web nity, especially students, use social media to promote an awareness campaign to help with media pitching, design Instagram. Please send your photos, links to articles, and work and writing. other• Share information on social about media your eventsvia Facebook, and milestones; Twitter, and Third, announce a social media contest to develop and - post Duranty memes with the hashtag able free of charge to communities advocating for #RevokeDurantyPulitzer. Examples of memes are avail- Holodomor• Request recognition; and help distribute a brochure that is avail able on the U.S. Holodomor Committee website, under the Duranty revocation tab, and can be found at the following awareness prominent throughout the United States. To web address: https://ukrainegenocide.com/duranty-revo- contribute,• Donate donate your time online and or resources send checks to mak payablee Holodomor to U.S. cation/. Holodomor Committee to the following address: U.S. Fourth, spur a worldwide petition on change.org for the Holodomor Committee, 9901 Harrogate Road, Bethesda, revocation of Duranty’s Pulitzer Prize. MD, 20817 For more information about the campaign, please con- To initiate a campaign in your city or join monthly con- tact the subcommittee chair at the following email address: ference calls, please contact the U.S. Holodomor Committee [email protected]. by e-mail at [email protected]. Our theme as This and many other ongoing projects, undertaken by we work together to expand worldwide awareness of this the U.S. Holodomor Committee, will help guide greater crime against humanity is clear: “Ukraine Remembers – awareness of the Holodomor as genocide and ramp up to the World Acknowledges!”

The Ukrainian Weekly Press Fund: February 2021 Amount Name City State Skubiak Oleh Chicago IL Pelech-Zwarych Irene Huntingdon Vy PA $610.00 Kashimer Daniel Brooklyn NY Sydor Ihor & Olga Cos Cob CT $10.00 Bortnowskyj Mike Los Angeles CA $115.00 Kolcio Katja Higganum CT $40.00 Kowalysko Ihor Parma OH Maciborska Larissa Aurora CO Sorobay Roman & Chrystyna New York NY $35.00 Laschuk Bill San Francisco CA Wowk Steven Farmington CT $110.00 Levy Drs Neil & Luba Dallas TX $30.00 Wichar Nancy Rochester Hills MI $5.00 Brozyna Roman Acton MA Nebesny Michael & Stefana Clinton IN $100.00 Dykyj Daria Forest Hills NY $25.00 Komichak Jaroslawa Upper St Clair PA Maksimowich Traska Irene Owings Mills MD TOTAL: $2,065.00 Wedmid Yuri Bound Brook NJ Roman & Victoria Warren MI $60.00 Lylak Eugene Rochester NY Nebesh Eugene Parma OH Wowchuk Wasyl Hawthorn Woods IL Sincere thanks to all contributors $50.00 Diachuk Ulana Rutherford NJ Dombchewskyj Bohdan Monroe NC $20.00 Kaczaj Olia & Roman Pittsgrove NJ to The Ukrainian Weekly Press Fund. Harmaty Anna Chatham NJ Kowalyk Ted New York NY Lysko W Cranbury NJ The Ukrainian Weekly Press Fund is the only Hursky-Devassal Anna Gwynedo Valley PA fund dedicated exclusively to supporting Olijnyk Roman Radnor PA Petrina Dagmar Yonkers NY the work of this publication. Procyk Anna New York NY $15.00 Kyrylenko Stefan Beloit WI No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 5

Metropolis of Chalcedon is of particular Ukrainian hierarchs... importance for the Orthodox faith, as (Continued from page 4) Chalcedon is viewed as the second city after Constantinople in the Patriarchate of also was named Elder of the Metropolis of Constantinople. His background includes Chalcedon more than 30 years ago. He also years of education, administrative skills said that the Fourth Ecumenical Council of and experience in various roles and posi- 451 was held in Chalcedon, which formal- tions, including as representative of the ized the “doctrine of Chalcedon,” that speci- Ecumenical Patriarchate, and as a repre- fied the dual natures of Jesus Christ, both sentative of the Orthodox Church in the fully divine and fully human, and organiza- , having opened a two-way tional structures of the Church that includ- academic dialogue between Islam and ed the hierarchy of jurisdictions to include Judaism. He serves as chairman of the The UNA ANNoUNces Rome and Constantinople as both equal in board of the KAICIID Interfaith Foundation honor, followed by Alexandria, Antioch and in Vienna, Austria; coordinator of the Jerusalem. All the bishops in each city International Religions for Peace ScholarShipS and awardS received the title of patriarch, and so those Organization; and has been president of the jurisdictions are called patriarchates. Council of European Churches. for StudentS attending college Patriarch Bartholomew added: “Our In recognition of his work, in 2010 he in the 2021-2022 academic year. humble ministry of the past 30 years on the was named Knight of the Legion of Honor Patriarchal Throne of Constantinople has and in 2011 he was named Commander-in- taught us, among other things, that in criti- Chief of the Order of Honor in Greece. Students wishing to apply for a UNA scholarship or award must meet cal circumstances for society and the Other Orthodox hierarchs from the the following criteria: Church, what matters is not what we say or United States who participated in the l Have been an active, premium-paying UNA member for at least do, but who we are.” enthronement included Archbishop two years by June 1st of 2021; The enthronement of Metropolitan Elpidophoros and Metropolitan Alexios l Have had a life insurance policy or an annuity, valued at a minimum Emmanuel as Elder (Geron) of the (Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America). of $5,000 during the last two years (term policies excluded); l Be enrolled in an accredited college or university in USA or Canada. with trusted armed people. According to The application for a UNA scholarship or award must be postmarked no Demographic... Article 49(6) of the Fourth Geneva later than June 1, 2021. (Continued from page 2) Convention of 1949 and Article 8(2)(b) For complete details and applications, please call the UNA Home Office (viii) of the Statute of the International or visit the Our Benefits page on the UNA website at: bly shifting the region’s demographic com- Criminal Court (ICC), “the transfer, directly position and trying to replace the native or indirectly, by the occupying power of www.UNAInc.org Crimean population with its own loyal citi- parts of its own civilian population into the zens. Moreover, these transformative territory it occupies” is completely prohib- Ukrainian National Association, Inc. migration flows enable the occupying ited and considered a war crime authorities to create a Trojan Horse against (Crimeahrg.org, January 6). 2200 Route 10, Parsippany, NJ 07054 any future efforts by Kyiv to return the pen- 800-253-9862 ext. 3035 insula to its control. The saturation of The article above is reprinted from Crimea with siloviki and military personnel Eurasia Daily Monitor with permission from is also done intentionally, helping further its publisher, the Jamestown Foundation, militarize the region and populate Crimea www.jamestown.org. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14

COMMENTARY The Ukrainian Weekly Russian troops amassing First Russia came for the journalists, near eastern Ukraine and now it’s hiding their trials The editorial in last week’s issue of The Ukrainian Weekly focused on the rising by Halya Coynash posed “terrorism charges.” Some of the level of violence occurring in Donbas. We noted that, according to a March 20 men are facing the more serious charge of Human Rights report by Radio Svoboda, it appeared that the number of “separatist” forces near “organizing” a Hizb ut-Tahrir group (Article Protection Group the occupied towns of Horlivka and Mospino, both in the Donetsk region, had 205.5, section 1 of Russia’s criminal code). increased recently. Sadly, new reports this past week indicate that the situation A contemporary version of Marcin There is no proof that such a group even has not improved. In fact, the commander-in-chief of Ukraine’s armed forces, Lt. Niemöller’s famous words about the Nazis existed, yet the men face sentences of Gen. Ruslan Khomchak, this week notified Ukraine’s parliament, the Verkhovna was seen recently at a protest. The placard around 20 years or even life imprisonment. Rada, that Russian troops were amassing near the country’s border in the “north, read: “First they came for the journalists. The other 20 activists and journalists are east and south,” including in occupied Crimea. We don’t know what happened after that.” charged under Article 205.5, section 2 of In response to Mr. Khomchak’s comments, during a conference call with French In occupied Crimea, Russia has not been “involvement,” with this still carrying a President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Russian able to totally conceal its human rights vio- potential sentence of 10-20 years. In at President Vladimir Putin placed the blame for the rising tensions on Ukraine. lations, but it is undoubtedly trying, includ- least one of the cases, that of Rayim “The Russian side expressed serious concern over the escalation of armed con- ing by imprisoning civic journalists and Aivazov, the FSB recently changed the frontation that is being provoked by Ukraine along the line of contact and its effec- activists. It has also stepped-up menacing charge to the more serious Article 205.5, tive refusal to implement the agreements of July 2020 … to strengthen the cease- ‘warnings,’ as well as administrative prose- section 1 – just as they threatened to do fire regime,” the Kremlin said in a statement released on March 30. cutions for speaking out in defense of polit- when he retracted a “confession” that they Meanwhile, the Ukrainian military said that four of its soldiers were killed in ical prisoners. Since some of those now had extracted from him through torture. shelling on March 26 that targeted Ukrainian military forces. In a statement facing 20-year sentences had previously The aggressor state, which invaded and also been subjected to such harassment, annexed Crimea, is also charging all 25 released that same day, the Ukrainian military said that “the armed forces of the the message is clear. Ukrainian citizens with “planning a violent Russian Federation once again violated the cease-fire” of July 2020. The statement Russia essentially crushed all indepen- seizure of power and change in Russia’s said that Ukrainian positions were targeted with “82-mm mortars, automatic gre- dent media within the first year or so of its constitutional order” (Article 278). Here nade launchers and large-caliber machine guns prohibited by the Minsk agree- occupation. This, and the mounting repres- too, there are no grounds for the charges. ments.” Those attacks occurred near Shumy, north of Donetsk. According to RFE/ sion, especially against Crimean Tatars, led The “evidence” in the case includes the RL, 19 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed since the beginning of the year. to the emergence of the civic initiative supposed testimony of secret witnesses In the past week, and in response to the buildup of Russian forces near the Crimean Solidarity in 2016. After the whose claims cannot be verified, taped con- Ukrainian border, the U.S. military’s European Command took the step of raising arrest early in 2016 of human rights activ- versations about religion, etc., and “assess- its watch level from possible crisis to potential imminent crisis – the highest level ist Emir-Usein Kuku and five other men, ments” of such conversations by FSB-loyal in its ranking system. Moreover, according to a March 30 report in The New York and the abduction and disappearance of “experts” who can claim that a word, com- Times, “European monitors have spotted new weaponry on the Russian-backed civic activist Ervin Ibragimov, there could mon in Crimean Tatar, is “proof” of the side in recent weeks.” be few illusions about the dangers any of charges against the men. Some military and foreign policy experts in Washington have said that Moscow the civic journalists and activists faced. Russia reacted to international condem- could be testing the Biden administration’s commitment to Ukraine, while others There had already been several arrests, nation in March 2019 by initially hiding the have claimed Mr. Putin is merely rattling the proverbial saber. Whether or not this including of Crimean Solidarity men, with the first 23 swiftly taken to is the case, we urge those in the U.S. presidential administration and in Congress to Coordinator and journalist Server Russia for some time. consider what more proof they need of Mr. Putin’s malign intentions in Ukraine. Mustafayev, when on March 27, 2019, It was learned in September 2020 that Russia did in fact annex Crimea. Russian troops have in fact occupied Ukrainian Russia carried out its most brazen offensive the men were to be split up for five abso- territory and violated Ukraine’s sovereignty. Russia does in fact continue to violate to date. Armed and often masked enforce- lutely identical “trials.” There has been at the terms of the July 2020 ceasefire. ment officers burst into a huge number of least one trial of 19 political prisoners in One might wonder whether this situation would have been different had homes early in the morning and carried out Russia and it seems likely that the logistical Ukraine not agreed to destroy what was at the time the third largest nuclear arse- “searches.” These were essentially only for difficulties were not the only reason that nal in the world in exchange for guarantees from the signatories of the 1994 “prohibited literature,” though reports sur- the trials were split up. Lawyer Emil Budapest Memorandum, among them the Russian Federation and the United faced that in several of the homes searched Kurbedinov recently suggested that both States of America. Those guarantees included a stipulation “to respect the inde- the FSB planted books that they then the FSB and the courts get “better statis- pendence and sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine,” which in fact has claimed to have “found.” Tacit confirmation tics” out of such clones. They can claim to not occurred. We hope that officials in the U.S. might consider the message this that the FSB had a lot to hide was seen in have concluded five “terrorism” cases and sends to other countries in the world who are either stockpiling, building, or trying the fact that not one of the lawyers who not just one, albeit with many defendants. to develop their own nuclear weapons. arrived to represent the men was allowed The other aim is doubtless to deflect to be present, in breach of the men’s rights. attention from this persecution of Crimean The targeting of men who had spoken Tatar civic journalists and activists and from out against repression was too overt and each individual trial. After the first hearings the arrests elicited international condem- in just some of the cases, it is evident that it April nation. Human Rights Watch called them will be difficult to follow each group and Turning the pages back... “an unprecedented move to intensify pres- near impossible to report on each as these sure on a group largely critical of Russia’s are effectively “clones.” Lawyer Alexei Ladin Thirty years ago, on April 10, 2001, thousands of participants occupation of the Crimean Peninsula” and earlier spoke of how the court proceedings 10 demonstrated for the dismissal of President Leonid Kuchma and stated unequivocally that attempts “to por- would be extremely difficult. He noted that a “power system change” in Ukraine. The event was organized by tray politically active Crimean Tatars as ter- it would be unclear what kind of status the 2001 the Forum for National Salvation, under the slogan “For Ukraine rorists” is aimed at silencing them. There defendants in one case would have in the Without Kuchma and Oligarchs.” was similar criticism from the U.S. State “trial” of the other men. Since all five “trials” In a statement, the protesters called for the Kuchma regime Department, the EU, Freedom House and are based on the same flawed “expert “to stop hounding Prime Minister [Viktor] Yushchenko and making attempts to remove Civil Rights Defenders. The Memorial assessments” and the same “secret witness- him from the post of Cabinet head.” The statement also urged an objective investigation Human Rights Center was swift to declare es,” discrepancies are inevitable. into the disappearance of journalist Heorhiy Gongadze and the immediate dismissal of all the men political prisoners and the This is, in short, a further violation of the Procurator General Mykhailo Potebenko, Tax Administration Chairman Mykola Azarov, group denounced the attempt “to crush the men’s right to a fair trial. The first hearing and National Security and Defense Council Secretary Yevhen Marchuk. Crimean Tatar human rights movement.” last week took place with all of the defen- More than 1,000 students demonstrated in Kyiv on April 9 in front of the presidential Of the men arrested, four are civic jour- dants being removed from their own “trial.” administration building in Kyiv, demanding that President Kuchma swear on the nalists: Osman Arifmemetov, Remzi Farkhod Bazarov was expelled after he Constitution of Ukraine that he did not give orders to kill Mr. Gongadze or Rukh leader Bekirov, Rustem Sheikhaliev and Ruslan spoke in his native Crimean Tatar language, Vyacheslav Chornovil, as well as other politicians and journalists. Mr. Kuchma, later that Suleymanov. Mr. Bekirov had also recently after which Rayim Aivazov, Remzi Bekirov, day, rejected the demands of the students. “That would be a farce, and the president will become an accredited correspondent for Riza Izetov and Shaban Umerov also spoke not participate in a farce,” Mr. Kuchma said. Grani.ru, one of the only publications in in Crimean Tatar to show their solidarity On April 10, a rally in Odesa to mark the anniversary of the city’s liberation from Nazi Russia that writes openly about political and were thrown out. During the first occupation during the second world war attracted between 10,000 to 15,000 people, persecution in occupied Crimea. hearing in the trial of journalists Osman All of the men are charged only with Arifmemetov, Rustem Sheikhaliev and many holding pro-Kuchma placards that read: “Our future is in unity of the president and “involvement” in the Hizb ut-Tahrir move- Ruslan Suleymanov, and activists Enver the people,” “Odesa residents are grateful to President Kuchma for his care and assis- ment, a peaceful Muslim party which is Ametov and Yashar Muyedinov, the men tance,” and “Odesa is our city, Kuchma is our president.” legal in Ukraine and which is not known to were not thrown out for speaking Crimean President Kuchma spoke at the rally and, later that day, he told journalists that a no- have carried out acts of terrorism any- Tatar; they were merely ignored, thus confidence referendum on the president that was proposed by the opposition would not where in the world. Russia has never pro- infringing upon their right to an interpreter. be legally binding. Mr. Kuchma also criticized the “pressure” placed on Ukraine following vided any grounds for its highly secretive As lawyer Aider Azamatov put it, “you the proposal by the Monitoring Committee of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council 2003 Supreme Court ruling that declared can’t speak of the observance of any norms of Europe to exclude Ukraine from the Council of Europe over human rights violations. Hizb ut-Tahrir a “terrorist” organization, yet of criminal procedure and of human rights. Source: “Rally in Kyiv demands Kuchma’s ouster… while Odesa residents side with this inexplicable ruling is now being used Here they violate everything that can be Kuchma,” (RFE/RL), The Ukrainian Weekly, April 15, 2001. as justification for huge sentences on sup- violated.” No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 7

An official readout from the Kremlin Ukraine says... stated that he had “expressed serious con- COMMENTARY (Continued from page 1) cern about the escalation of armed con- frontation on the contact line being pro- under Moscow’s command and control voked by Ukraine.” have waged a smoldering war since 2014. In response, Ukraine’s Foreign Affairs From Budapest to Bucharest Lt. Gen. Khomchak, while addressing the Ministry told Radio Free Europe/Radio Verkhovna Rada regarding the latest casu- Liberty that peace in war-torn eastern alties, said Russia’s behavior was “aggres- Ukraine can only be achieved with the – a road to nowhere political will of the four so-called sive” and a “threat to the military security by Askold S. Lozynskyj reached out to Ukraine by telephoning of the state.” Normandy countries who took part in bro- President Zelenskyy. Video footage shared by Russian channel kering two earlier ceasefires: Germany, In December 1994, Ukraine, with the In recent meetings with NATO repre- Krasnodar Krai on March 31 showed Russian France, Russia and Ukraine. world’s third largest nuclear arsenal, sentatives, Ukraine has been earnest in soldiers ferrying dozens of armored vehicles “The signals of our European partners agreed to give it up and join a long list of voicing hopefulness regarding MAP and with what appeared to be 152-millimit­ er following the talks with the Russian presi- nations acceding to the Nuclear reforming its military to NATO standards. self-propelled guns to Crimea across a dent have become significant: the Russian Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). Mistakenly The latter is theater essentially. Ukraine’s bridge linking mainland Russia. side must fulfill its obligations to adhere to of course, when Ukraine signed the rele- military in its current state offers NATO Following the parliamentary briefing, the ceasefire, and the need to continue vant Budapest Memorandum attendant significantly more than the majority of 308 lawmakers voted on a resolution con- negotiations between the leaders of the thereto, it believed that having given up its NATO member countries. Reforming demning the escalation of violence in the quartet is emphasized,” Foreign Affairs nuclear arsenal it would be protected from Ukraine’s military is a ridiculous concept two easternmost regions where fighting Ministry spokesman Oleg Nikolenko said. attack by all the other signatory countries. as far as efficacy is concerned. Does a The last time the countries’ four leaders continues despite the latest ceasefire that Ukrainians had been fooled many times country which has staved off Russian met was in December 2019 where addi- was brokered in July but that has never before, but we do not learn from past mis- aggression for seven years and served tional agreements were made that includ- firmly taken hold. takes. Whether this time the fault lay with albeit not as a member in many NATO ed prisoner exchanges, the withdrawal of Lawmakers said 26 Ukrainian military the naivete of then-President Leonid operations over the last 20 years need sig- personnel were killed this year as of March military personnel and hardware from sev- Kuchma of Ukraine or the mendacity of nificant military enhancement? Only if one 30 and the total death toll is now about eral front-line towns, as well as other com- President Bill Clinton of the United States judges Ukraine’s military capability by 14,000. mitments. is not clear. In any event the Budapest American standards. Only the United “Since the beginning of this year, there Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov on has been a significant increase in shelling March 31 told journalists in Moscow that Memorandum in retrospect gave Ukraine States of all democratic NATO member attacks and armed provocations by the Mr. Putin, French President Emmanuel nothing tangible in terms of security irre- countries has a larger military than armed formations of the Russian Macron and German Chancellor Angela spective of Budapest’s interpretations. Ukraine. Turkey doesn’t rank here because Federation. […] The latest glaring fact was Merkel agreed that a new summit was Granted it would have been quite costly for it takes a large military to maintain a dicta- the massive shelling by Russian occupation “essential” but would only likely take place Ukraine to maintain any nuclear arsenal torship. forces on March 26… In just one day, four after negotiations based on the previous and the United States in all likelihood Frankly, it’s a choice of politics between Ukrainian servicemen were killed and one Paris meeting resumed. would have withheld aid, but the specter appeasement and deterrence. These are was seriously wounded by Russian weap- Meanwhile, the Head of the Presidential of nuclear capability may have at least pro- two very different strategies. There once ons,” the parliamentary statement reads. Office of Ukraine Andriy Yermak and U.S. tected Ukraine’s sovereignty and territori- was a Republican president who believed It furthermore called on Western coun- National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan al integrity. in deterrence. There hadn’t been one tries to increase pressure on Russia to halt spoke by phone on March 29. The conver- Fourteen years later, in April 2008, before or after. Most Western leaders the aggression. sation centered on the fight against corrup- Ukraine’s hope for another form of defense including Americans insist on appease- The escalation in fighting prompted the tion and the situation in Donbas and security was dashed once again. The U.S. ment. Inasmuch as the definition of insani- U.S. military’s European Command to Crimea, as well as Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic promised to deliver a NATO Membership ty or poor politics is repetitive behavior raise its watch level from “possible crisis” ambitions. Statements by both sides Action Plan Map to Ukraine only to be sty- with expectations of different results. Post- to “potential imminent crises,” which is released after the call point to “clear and mied in its efforts by France and Germany Soviet Russia has been appeased to the the highest level, The New York Times consistent” American policy in supporting at the Bucharest NATO Summit. This was point that in only 30 years it has invaded reported. Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integ- not unusual given France and Germany’s three of its neighbors, contrary to civilized There is a “concerning” buildup of rity. centuries’ old romance with Russia and international norms. Russian forces near the border with Regarding the fight against corruption, their dependence upon Russian gas. If America recognizes that deterrence is Ukraine, an anonymous U.S. defense official the U.S. release stated that Mr. Sullivan Germany and France may have acceded to the only option, then NATO on Russia’s told CBS News, and Bloomberg on March “relayed the Biden administration’s com- Ronald Reagan. The U.S., however, was less border is clearly the best strategy. NATO 31 reported in a flash headline that the mitment to revitalize our strategic partner- than insistent and then-President George member Ukraine is Mr. Putin’s worst night- chiefs of the general staff of the United ship in support of President Volodymyr W. Bush was not very persuasive. History is mare. This will not appease him; it will States and Russia had spoken by phone at Zelenskyy’s … plan to tackle corruption….” replete with American promises and lack of anger and deter him. The bad politics of the initiative of the U.S. delivery. This time Ukraine gave up little such appeasers as Franklin D. Roosevelt Additional details from each other than effort in reforming its military later dictated the formation of NATO. F.D.R. side were not provided from preparedness in accordance with NATO in a wheelchair with Alger Hiss at his side the call between Chairman of requirements. Two years later came the sold out to appease Russia. I may be a the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff Yanukovich years when Ukraine’s military Democrat by party affiliation, but I, unfor- Gen. Mark Milley and Gen. was reduced to roughly 6,000 men, open- tunately, do not recall a Democratic Valery Gerasimov, the head of ing the door to Russia’s invasion. American president who exercised deter- Russian’s military general staff. “The two military leaders Now 13 years from Bucharest and after rence against the Russians. However, hope exchanged their views on significant military buildup in the neigh- springs eternal. President Biden and issues of mutual concern,” a borhood of a quarter million strong and Secretary Tony Blinken must be resolute, U.S. military readout of the call reform in its own weapons’ industry as firm and persuasive with Boris Johnson at said, per Reuters. well a joint training with NATO under for- their side. If America leads strongly, French Also, on March 30, the lead- mer President and President Emmanuel Macron, German ers of France, Germany and President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Ukraine Chancellor Angela Merkel and others will Russia held a teleconference. seeks new sponsors for NATO MAP. follow. The agenda of that call includ- Perhaps the United Kingdom will assist as ed the escalation of fighting in per President Zelenskyy’s solicitation of Askold S. Lozynskyj is an attorney at law Ukraine, but the call was held Boris Johnson. How this will go down is a based in New York City who served as presi- without Kyiv’s participation. mystery. President Biden has voiced some dent of the Ukrainian World Congress in Afterward, Russian support, but has not even so much as 1998-2008. President Vladimir Putin acknowledged the uptick in violence and blamed Defense Ministry of Ukraine LETTER TO THE EDITOR Ukrainian forces for it. A Ukrainian special operations forces soldier. unreasonable demands that you, in effect, A need for the printed censor the opinions of your readers. Oles Copenhagen criteria; but the Franco- Lomacky ought to be reminded of the First Franco-German... German proposal would offer Russia a dis- word and free speech Amendment to the Constitution of the count on this matter also. United States as well as Article 19 of the (Continued from page 3) Dear Editor: All told, the Franco-German proposals Universal Declaration of Human Rights, whole” makes it possible for the OSCE to have missed the chance of revising the Minsk As a long-time reader of your worthy which clearly prohibit any form of censor- give passing marks to a non-compliant “agreements,” which is a top-priority of newspaper, I wish to echo the sentiments ship in the media of communication. In the election. The “on the whole” qualification is Ukraine in the Normandy Four negotiations. of Bishop Basil H. Losten and Darian free world all respectable publications and Russian Foreign Affairs Minister Sergei Diachok concerning the importance of the their readers consider this freedom of Lavrov’s subsequent contribution to the The article above is reprinted from printed word and editorial policies, expression as self-evident. original Steinmeier Formula. For its part, Eurasia Daily Monitor with permission from expressed in the March 14 issue of The Ukraine wants ORDLO’s “local” elections to its publisher, the Jamestown Foundation, Ukrainian Weekly. In the same breath, I Myroslav R. Serbyn comply with the European Union’s www.jamestown.org. should like to respond to another reader’s Rockville, Md. 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14 No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 9

Adrian Slywotsky, a business strategist at the global management consulting firm Oliver UCU press service Wyman, speaks during graduation ceremonies at the Ukrainian Catholic University in 2019. UCU students take part in graduation ceremonies in in in 2021. Five world-renowned thinkers reflect on UCU’s essence and growth

by Mariana Karapinka UCU LVIV – In nearly two decades since it was established in 2002, the Ukrainian Catholic University (UCU) has grown from a fledgling institution of higher education in Ukraine with programs in theology and history to a full-fledged uni- versity with programs that have won acclaim throughout the country. With this success in mind, the university held an online panel discussion in which five leading figures dis- cussed and reflected on the university’s growth and its accomplishments. Adrian Slywotsky, a business strategist at the global management consulting firm Oliver Wyman, said that in order to continue to grow and develop organizations need to have an external view of what they are doing well and what needs improvement. “Even the most successful organizations, if they speak about themselves internally and do not open all the win- dows to get the best of an external perspective, they will always run into trouble,” Mr. Slywotsky said. Participants of the panel discussion, titled “Ukrainian Catholic University: Modus Vivendi,” were asked to consid- A portion of the Ukrainian Catholic University’s campus in Lviv from 2017. er whether UCU’s success can be replicated in Ukraine. Mr. Slywotsky, who moderated the discussion here, said Mr. Kutsmey, adding that these values make UCU truly may well serve as paradigms or stimulating examples for that understanding what makes UCU unique and success- unique. others, at other places, in different contexts,” said the ful is important not only for the university, but those les- The university had been a dream for decades before it German theologian, who has been to Ukraine dozens of sons learned can and should be applied by other individu- became a reality. It was founded in 2002 as the successor times when he worked with a foundation that financially als working in different fields and industries throughout to the Greek Catholic Theological Academy, which was supported UCU and the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church. Ukraine. founded in 1928-1929 by Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky An issue the panelists discussed with special attention As a result, Mr. Slywotsky asked panelists to consider to in Lviv, which at that time was part of Poland. The acade- was the tension between Catholic identity and the need to two overarching questions: what makes UCU unique and my closed in 1944, but reemerged as the Ukrainian witness in the modern, secularized world. enables it to add value to society? And can that essence, Catholic University in Rome in 1963. In 1994, the original “The tension between being too Catholic and not whatever it is, be replicated in whole or in part by people school was recreated under the name of the Lviv Catholic enough is a universal problem of all Catholic uni- who want to make positive change in Ukraine? Theological Academy, and in 1998 it became international- versities,” said the famed Polish director Krzysztof Zanussi, German theologian Aloys Buch, a professor of moral the- ly recognized by the Congregation for Catholic Education. adding that the concept of a university was conceived by ology and dean at the St. Lambert Interdiocesan Major The panelists agreed that the strong mission and identi- the Catholic Church. Seminary in Lantershofen, Germany, noted that UCU devel- ty that emerged from the Lviv Theological Academy to the Mr. Zanussi noted that the university is an asylum of free oped despite facing various hurdles and financial challenges. foundation of UCU in Rome, to the re-establishment of the minds, good will and the quest for truth. The Polish-born “Without an overly stable financial and institutional Lviv Theological Academy in 1994, and then to UCU in Lviv film director said he is deeply concerned that some framework, in a relatively short period of time, UCU suc- are the essence of present day UCU. Catholic universities succumb to postmodern doubt about ceeded in becoming a real competitor in the world of high- “It’s a unique product of its place and time, geography the very existence of truth. er learning and academic institutions – in Ukraine and and history,” said Robert Brinkley, the former ambassador “Truth is like a horizon which will never be reached. But beyond,” said Prof. Buch, who is also a lecturer of bioethics of the United Kingdom to Ukraine. we know that there is a horizon, and it attracts us, it has a at UCU. “UCU is what it says in its name – it’s Ukrainian, it’s magnetic power. If we lose this belief, we lose belief in our Indeed, the university’s reputation has grown both in Catholic, it’s a university. It’s in Ukraine, but it’s looking future,” Mr. Zanussi said. Ukraine and beyond. Among its best known schools are the outward to the world,” said Mr. Brinkley, who added that “The role of UCU is to help people remain optimistic and Lviv Business School (LvBS), the School of Journalism and the university has been shaped by leaders who built strong have spiritual aspirations and belief in the possibility of the Communications, as well as the programs in technology teams and institutions on the basis of the university’s mis- growth of the human being,” said Mr. Zanussi. and business analytics, which receive top ratings from the sion. He added that UCU’s alumni have also helped build Mr. Slywotsky called UCU “the university that listens and community of computer science programmers in Ukraine. the university’s reputation throughout the country. invites people into a relationship.” For several years in a row, the university has admitted When Patriarch Josyf Slipyj issued a decree to establish He recalled a meeting with Archbishop Gudziak, who the country’s top students: 56 percent of the university’s the Ukrainian Catholic University in Rome, there were no was the UCU rector at the time, and sponsors in the United first-year students in 2020 were among the top 5 percent students, no lecturers, no buildings and no money. States. Instead of asking for money, Archbishop Gudziak of Ukraine’s applicants, according to the Ukrainian Center The same can be said when Archbishop-Metropolitan invited them to visit a then tiny and modest Ukrainian for Educational Quality Assessment. Borys Gudziak, president of UCU and a graduate of Harvard institution. Taras Kytsmey, founder and managing director of University, started the process of reviving the Lviv “All of us were expecting to hear ‘Donate, donate as SoftServe, an information technology company with head- Theological Academy in the early 1990s before it emerged much as you can,’” Mr. Slywotsky said. “Because in our quarters in the U.S., agreed that UCU is a young but com- in 2002 as the Ukrainian Catholic University. world we are programmed to expect that. But we heard petitive university with strong values as its competitive That process has been enriched from a kind of “kairos,” ‘Please come visit us.’” advantage. said Prof. Buch. “It was in that moment that I understood for the first Mr. Kytsmey noted that he has several colleagues in the “According to biblical understanding, ‘kairos’ refers to a time the difference between consummating and transac- IT sphere who switched from working in that industry to time shaped by God’s will and providence, the ‘right tion, between closing a deal and inviting somebody into a teaching at UCU. He asked them why they decided to make moment’ in the world of human beings,” Prof. Buch said. relationship that could last decades,” Mr. Slywotsky said. the switch to teaching from the more lucrative IT field. “This presupposes a gift. Thus, no real replication of UCU is “And, in fact, all the people at that table did get into a rela- “It’s not about the compensation. It’s about values,” said possible. But many of the elements that made UCU unique tionship that lasted for decades.” 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14

breaching the ceasefire, and lawmakers say NEWSBRIEFS 26 Ukrainian servicemen have been killed (Continued from page 2) so far this year, including four killed by snipers last week. “The Russian Federation Ukrainian forces with “82-mm mortars, continues its aggressive policy towards TO PLACE YOUR AD CALL WALTER HONCHARYK (973) 292-9800 x3040 automatic grenade launchers, and large- Ukraine,” Gen. Khomchak told parliament. or e-mail [email protected] caliber machine guns prohibited by the Gen. Khomchak said Russian troops from Minsk agreements” aimed at putting an end different regions had been assembling near SERVICES PROFESSIONALS to the conflict, the military said in a state- the borders of Ukraine under the guise of ment. It said two soldiers were also injured maintaining combat readiness and prepar- in the attack, which occurred near the set- ing for exercises, “carrying out a gradual МАРІЯ ДРИЧ tlement of Shumy, north of the separatist build-up of troops near the state border of Ліцензований Продавець stronghold of Donetsk. The skirmish brings Ukraine.” He added that, “An additional con- Страхування Життя the total number of Ukrainian servicemen centration of up to 25 tactical groups is МАRІA DRICH Licensed Life Insurance Agent reported killed since the beginning of the expected, which, together with the already Ukrainian National Assn., Inc. year to 16, according to AFP. Ukrainian deployed forces near the state border of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy urged the Ukraine, poses a threat to the military secu- 2200 Route 10, Parsippany, NJ 07054 leaders of the so-called Normandy Format, rity of the state.” Moscow holds 32,700 Tel.: 973-292-9800 ext. 3035 a diplomatic process involving Ukraine, troops in Crimea, annexed by Russia in e-mail: [email protected] Russia, Germany and France aimed at 2014, while its officers command 28,000 resolving the conflict, to “do their utmost to separatist servicemen stationed in tempo- МИХАЙЛО КОЗЮПА preserve a full and comprehensive” cease- rarily occupied territories in eastern Ліцензований Продавець fire. In a joint statement on March 18, the Ukraine, Gen. Khomchak said. Ukraine, Страхування Життя G-7 group of nations noted that the cease- Western countries and NATO accuse Russia MICHAEL KOZIUPA fire implemented last year has “significant- of sending troops and heavy weapons to Licensed Life Insurance Agent ly reduced violence” in the eastern prop up separatists. Moscow says it only Ukrainian National Assn., Inc. Ukrainian regions of Donetsk and Luhansk provides political and humanitarian sup- 973-723-4387 while also deploring “recent military esca- port to the rebels and says Russians fight- lations by Russian-backed armed forma- ing in Ukraine are volunteers. (Reuters) [email protected] tions at the line of contact.” The foreign affairs ministers of Britain, Canada, France, Kremlin fears Ukraine could restart conflict Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States, The Kremlin said on March 31 it was SERVICES as well as the EU foreign policy chief, called concerned by mounting tensions in war- on Moscow to implement its commitments torn eastern Ukraine and that it feared to the Minsk agreements, and “stop fueling Kyiv’s government forces could do some- LAW OFFICES OF the conflict” by providing “financial and thing to restart a conflict with pro-Russian military support to the separatists.” ZENON______B. MASNYJ, ESQ. separatists. The comments came a day after Moscow claims it only provides political the commander-in-chief of Ukraine’s In the East Village since 1983 and humanitarian support to the separat- armed forces accused Russia of a military Serious personal injury, real estate ists holding parts of Donetsk and Luhansk, buildup near their shared border and said for personal and business use, and says Russians fighting there are volun- that the pro-Moscow separatists were sys- representation of small and mid- teers. (RFE/RL, with reporting by AFP) tematically violating a ceasefire in eastern size businesses, divorce, wills and Russia building up military in eastern Ukraine Ukraine. Kyiv and Moscow have blamed probate (New York matters only). each other for a recent spate of violence in Russia is building up armed forces near the region. Around 14,000 people have (By Appointment Only) Ukraine’s borders in a threat to the coun- been killed in the conflict since it first 140 Second Avenue try’s security, Ruslan Khomchak, the com- erupted in 2014, Ukraine says. “We express New York, NY 10003 mander-in-chief of Ukraine’s armed forces, concern over the growing tension and 212-477-3002 said on March 30, accusing Moscow of pur- express concern that one way or another [email protected] suing an “aggressive policy” towards Kyiv. the Ukrainian side could take provocative HELP WANTED In remarks to parliament, Gen. Khomchak actions that would lead to war. We really If 212-477-3002 landline busy, also accused pro-Moscow separatists of don’t want to see that,” Kremlin spokesman please call 201-247-2413 systematically violating a ceasefire in the Dmitry Peskov said. “I mean a civil war, I live-in caregiver needed for an conflict in eastern Ukraine agreed in July which there already was there,” Mr. Peskov 88-year-old woman. Excellent living 2020. Ukraine and Russia have traded said, when asked to clarify his statement on conditions in a spacious condo Run your advertisement here, blame for a spike in violence in the conflict, a conference call with reporters. Russian located in West Bloom eld, Michigan. which Kyiv says has killed 14,000 people President Vladimir Putin late on March 30 Must speak Ukrainian or Russian. in The Ukrainian Weekly’s since 2014. Government forces and pro- accused Ukraine of provoking armed con- Contact Raisa at 248-496-0410 CLASSIFIEDS section. Russian separatists accuse each other of frontation with the separatists and of fail- or [email protected] ing to honor agreements over the region. Speaking during a video conference with French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Mr. Putin also urged Kyiv to enter into direct 1152 Route 10 West, Suite N, Randolph, NJ 07869 dialogue with local separatist forces, the 862-219-5344 Kremlin said late on March 30. “The Russian side expressed serious concern over the escalation of armed confrontation that is being provoked by Ukraine along the line of contact and its effective refusal to implement the agreements of July 2020 ... to strengthen the ceasefire regime,” the Kremlin said. Germany, Russia and France are part of the so-called “Normandy for- mat” that also includes Ukraine and that was set up in 2014 to try to resolve the con- flict in eastern Ukraine. (Reuters)

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How many Ukrainians are there in the United States? example, a person with German and by Oleh Wolowyna Table 1. Old definition of Ukrainians in the U.S. and number of persons speaking Ukrainian ancestry could also be counted Ukrainian at home*, 2018. Two topics are addressed in this article. as a member of the German ethnic group We propose a new definition of the con- in the U.S. Ukrainian Speak Ukrainian at home Percent of ancestry cept “Ukrainian in the U.S.” and describe a Table 1 presents the composition of ancestry Number percent Number percent category data-based methodology that may help Ukrainians in the U.S. in 2018 according to Single 494,930 49 135,717 95 27 estimate the number of illegal immigrants the self-identification definition. from Ukraine in the United States. There were almost one million 1st. ancestry 207,456 21 4,923 3 2 There are two ways of defining mem- Ukrainians in the U.S. in 2018. About half 2nd. ancestry 297,272 30 2,387 2 1 bers of an ethnic group living abroad: of them are of single Ukrainian ancestry. Sum 999,658 100 143,027 100 14 descendancy (immigrants from the mother The other half are descendants of intereth- country and their descendants) and self- nic marriages (declared two ancestries): * age 5 years or more identification (the person determines their 21 percent named “Ukrainian” as their first Source: ACS 2017-2018-2019 ancestry). The descendancy definition is ancestry and 30 percent declared problematic for several reasons. First, “Ukrainian” as their second ancestry. Data Table 2. New definition of Ukrainians in the U.S. and number of persons speak- except for a brief period in the early 1990s, on language spoken at home shows the ing Ukrainian at home*, 2018. Ukraine did not exist as an independent effect of ethnic intermarriage on language country until 1991. Second, in the early assimilation. About one-fourth, 27 per- Ukrainian Speak Ukrainian at home Percent of ancestry years of migration from Ukraine to the U.S., cent, of single Ukrainian ancestry persons ancestry Number percent Number percent category “Ukraine” as a country of origin and speak Ukrainian at home, while very few Single 494,930 44 135,717 81 27 “Ukrainian” nationality or ancestry were persons of mixed Ukrainian ancestry are 1st. ancestry 207,456 18 4,923 3 2 not evident in the minds of most immi- Ukrainian speakers. Overall, Ukrainians in grants (for more on this topic, see the the U.S. have a high level of linguistic 2nd. ancestry 297,272 26 2,387 1 1 January 10 article by this author in The assimilation, i.e., only 14 percent speak None 128,275 12 23,637 14 18 Ukrainian Weekly). Third, for many years Ukrainian at home. Sum 1,127,934 100 166,664 100 15 the country of “Ukraine” and “Ukrainian” An updated estimate of the number ancestry or ethnicity were not listed as * age 5 years or more of Ukrainians in the U.S. separate categories in the U.S. census and Source: ACS 2017-2018-2019 Immigration Statistics. More generally, a This definition is implicitly based on the definition based on descendancy does not concept of Ukraine as a nation-state, with that among the persons in the “none” cate- cial statistics on Ukrainians in the U.S.: a) provide objective criteria for deciding the Ukrainian ethnic group as the domi- gory, 60 percent did not declare any ances- demographic and socioeconomic data from when immigrants’ descendants became nant nationality. It does not recognize per- try. This means that they are not sure of the census and ACS; b) immigration statis- totally assimilated. Another complication sons of non-Ukrainian ancestry born in their ancestry or perhaps did not under- tics from the Office of Immigration is multiple ancestry due to ethnic inter- Ukraine or citizens of Ukraine as stand the census question. Statistics of the Department of Homeland marriage. “Ukrainians in the U.S.” As pointed out by The new definition changes the linguis- Security. We have made extensive analyses The Center for Demographic and an increasing number of historians and tic composition of Ukrainians in the U.S. of the first set of data, but the immigration Socioeconomic Research of Ukrainians in political scientists, this conception of Percent of Russian-speakers increases data have been barely analyzed. There are the U.S. (the Center) at the Shevchenko Ukraine is not consistent because Ukraine from 17 to 22, percent of Ukrainian- two types of immigration statistics: perma- Scientific Society adopted the self-identifi- is a multiethnic state. We propose an speakers remains practically constant and nent immigrants and nonimmigrant cation definition of “Ukrainian in the U.S.” expanded definition of the concept percent of English-speakers decreases admissions (visitors on a temporary visa). This decision was based on two factors: a) “Ukrainian in the U.S.” that considers the from 65 to 60 percent. The effect on the Only data on permanent immigrants are the definition avoids the problems of the multiethnic composition of Ukraine’s pop- size and linguistic composition of the posted on the Center’s website: http:// descendancy definition; b) data needed to ulation. The definition adds two new fourth wave immigrants (born in Ukraine www.inform-decisions.com/stat/. A closer apply this definition was available. groups with non-Ukrainian or undeclared and arrived in the U.S. after 1987) is even examination of the data on nonimmigrant A question on a person’s ancestry or ancestry: born in Ukraine and speaks more pronounced. The number of fourth admissions from Ukraine, specifically with ethnicity was added to the 1980, 1990 and Ukrainian at home. wave immigrants increases from 224,000 I-94 visas, shows that they can be used to 2000 censuses, and incorporated in the Table 2 presents the structure of to 320,000. Russian-speakers among estimate the number of illegal Ukrainian yearly American Community Survey (ACS) Ukrainians in the U.S. in 2018 according to fourth wave immigrants increased from 46 immigrants in the U.S. since 2015. A question on language spo- this new definition. The two new groups to 51 percent, while Ukrainian speakers I-94 visas cover a wide range of catego- ken at home was also added to these cen- are included in the “none” category. decreased from 52 to 33 percent. ries, like tourists, temporary visitors for The number of Ukrainians in the U.S. business, all kinds of temporary workers suses and ACS, providing a measure of lan- Estimation of the number of illegal increases by 128,000 to a total of 1.128 (from agricultural workers to athletes and guage assimilation. Two critical changes in immigrants from Ukraine residing million in 2018. The 128,000 with non- official U.S. statistical systems included the in the U.S. artists), students, diplomats, etc. Yearly following: a) starting with the 2000 cen- Ukrainian ancestry represent 12 percent of data on citizens of Ukraine arriving in the sus, the Bureau of the Census added all Ukrainians in the U.S. Close to two- I have been repeatedly asked how many U.S. on I-94 visas are available starting in “Ukraine” to the list of countries of birth thirds of the two new groups, 61 percent, illegal Ukrainian immigrants there are in 1994. Their total number has grown and origin in the census and then the ACS; speak Russian and only 14 percent speak the U.S., and my answer has always been steadily from 18,500 in 1994 to 130,000 in b) “Ukraine” was added in 1994 to the list Ukrainian at home. The great majority of “nobody knows.” Recently, while analyzing 2019. Within all visitors on I-94 visas, of countries of birth and citizenship in them, 113,000, were born in Ukraine; the U.S. immigration statistics, I realized that there are three categories of visitors whose Immigration Statistics. Previously, both 15,000 not born in Ukraine speak we might have an answer to this question. members may have traveled with the statistical systems listed Ukrainians in the Ukrainian at home. It is important to note There are two primary sources of offi- intention of staying in the U.S. and hoping category “Other USSR/Russia.” to obtain legal status eventually. These cat- Considering the high level of ethnic Yearly number of two categories of citizens of Ukraine* arriving on I-94 egories are tourists and temporary visitors intermarriage in the U.S., the ancestry visas in the U.S.: 1994 - 2019 for business, temporary workers, and stu- question allows one to declare one or two dents and exchange visitors. ancestries. Thus, we can divide members Tourists and temporary visitors for of an ethnic group (Ukrainians, for exam- business is the largest of the three catego- ple) into three categories: Ukrainian only, ries and comprises 79 percent of their sum. first ancestry Ukrainian (Ukrainian and Yearly numbers of this category have been German, for example) and second ancestry increasing steadily from 8,000 in 1994 to Ukrainian (Polish and Ukrainian, for exam- 99,000 in 2019. The graph illustrates the ple). We defined “Ukrainians in the U.S.” as dynamics of the other two categories: tem- all persons who declared “Ukrainian” as porary workers and students and exchange their only, first or second ancestry in U.S. visitors. The temporary workers’ program censuses and the ACS. Note that this defini- started in 1996 with 1,000 and grew steadily to almost 5,000 in 2002. There tion includes persons who also qualify as was a sharp decline between 2002 and members of other ethnic groups. For 2004, and then the numbers resumed their increase, reaching a maximum of over Oleh Wolowyna is Director of the Center 9,000 in 2019. for Demographic and Socio-economic The yearly number of students and Research of Ukrainians in the U.S. at the exchange visitors started at about 2,000 in Shevchenko Scientific Society, and research 1994 and grew steadily to a maximum of fellow at the Center for Slavic, Eurasian and almost 14,000 in 2008. Starting in 2009 Eastern European Studies at the University * temporary workers and students and exchange visitors their numbers have experienced a steady of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He can be Source: Yearly Immigration Reports, Department of Homeland Security. reached via email at [email protected]. (Continued on page 15) 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14

Ukrainian sailors complete U.S. Coast Guard training

by Eugene Z. Stakhiv uty assistant commandant of the U.S. Coast Guard. BALTIMORE – The morning rains reced- Mr. Yelchenko opened the ceremony by ed quickly and a blustery, sunny Friday thanking the U.S. government for their con- unfolded just in time for the outdoor gradu- tinued strong support of Ukraine’s armed ation ceremony of 32 Ukrainian officers forces, noting that the two patrol boats and sailors at the U.S. Coast Guard shipyard, “send a strong signal to Russia that Ukraine just south of Baltimore on March 26. The is not done.” He added that “…this was a two crews of Ukrainian sailors manned the great day for the naval and armed forces of two refurbished coastal patrol cutters, Ukraine, as the cutters will become an which were donated to Ukraine by the U.S. important stabilizing factor in protecting Coast Guard through the Department of Ukraine’s territorial integrity.” Defense’s Defense Security Cooperation Mr. Kremenetsky read a congratulatory Agency. Each patrol boat, the “Fastiv” and note on behalf of the commander of “Sumy,” will be manned by a crew of 16 – Ukraine’s navy, Rear Adm. Oleksiy two officers and 14 enlisted sailors. Neizhpapa, in which he emphasized that After opening speeches by the presiding the support of the U.S., as a key strategic officials, the Ukrainian sailors lined up to partner, was crucial in maintaining interna- receive their certificates of graduation from tional security and defending Ukraine’s the intensive 10-week course. Each of the sovereignty. sailors received congratulations, in turn, In addressing the sailors, Mr. Neizhpapa Eugene Z. Stakhiv from Ukraine’s Ambassador to the U.S., said that he “counts on them to fulfill the (From left to right) Hon. James Knight, deputy assistant commandant of the U.S. Volodymyr Yelchenko; the defense attaché great expectations” of Ukraine’s armed Coast Guard; defense attaché at the Ukrainian embassy in the United States, Maj. at the Ukrainian Embassy Maj. Gen. Boris forces and the nation. “Ukraine needs pro- Gen. Boris Kremenetsky; and Ukraine’s Ambassador to the U.S., Volodymyr Kremenetsky; and Hon. James Knight, dep- fessional warriors and defenders, com- Yelchenko, congratulate sailors on their graduation from the U.S. Coast Guard’s intensive 10-week course.

manders, leaders and technical experts” to that both cutters will be ready to be shipped defend the nation. Mr. Neizhpapa also to Ukraine after they are fitted with arma- thanked the Ukrainian community in ments sometime in the summer of 2021. A Baltimore who “supported and watched third cutter is still being refitted and will over our sailors.” also be transferred to Ukraine – for a total of Mr. Knight congratulated the graduates five coast guard cutters that have been and remarked that these refurbished Coast donated by the U.S. Coast Guard to Ukraine. Guard vessels will go a long way in helping A new crew of 16 will be arriving in August to execute the missions that are similar to to train on that cutter. The “Sumy” and those of the U.S. Coast Guard. These include “Fastiv” will join the “Slovyiansk” and interdicting transnational organized crime “Starobilsk” – which were the two cutters syndicates involved in illegal smuggling, previously donated – in Odesa. especially of narcotics and migrants. It The 32-member crew of the first two includes protecting Ukraine’s maritime cutters, the “Slovyiansk” and “Starobilsk,” sovereignty by ensuring free passage of graduated on Sept 13, 2019, just one week vessels on Ukraine’s coastal waterways and after the release of 24 Ukrainian sailors as first responders to maritime disasters from Lefortovo prison in Russia, 10 months and accidents. Capt. Serhiy Fedorchuk, Naval attaché at Dignitaries and crews of the “Fastiv” and “Sumy” stand on and in front of the coastal (Continued on page 14) patrol cutter “Sumy.” the Ukrainian embassy in the U.S., noted

came to loggerheads late in October after Prevention (NAZK), which reviews the based Atlantic Council think tank, wrote on Zelenskyy... the Constitutional Court ruled that several asset declarations of officials, has already Facebook. (Continued from page 1) provisions of anti-corruption legislation completed two reports on Mr. Tupytsky. He added: “The upper reaches of were unconstitutional. They were both filed in February and they Ukraine’s justice system are thoroughly cor- Ukraine’s constitution stipulates that Specifically, the provisions concerned relate to Mr. Tupytsky having cancelled a rupted and in need of a judicial purge that presidents can revoke previous executive making the asset declarations of officials, Constitutional Court hearing on March 26 also should have come at the time of orders. It also says that constitutional court including judges, public and criminal liabili- to consider the State Bureau of Investigat­ Communism’s collapse.” judges can be removed by a two-thirds vote ty for filing false or inaccurate income dec- ions’ probe into his alleged misconduct. of justices on the court in specific cases, larations. However, the justices behind closed such as being found guilty of a crime or Those provisions have since been rein- doors voted to reject their own recusals over health concerns. They are appointed stated following a public backlash and after which they voted on the provisions of to nine-year terms. The Constitution like- prodding by Kyiv’s Western backers who anti-corruption laws, “Schemes” reported. wise does not give the president the right have insisted on improving the rule of law Nationwide surveys consistently show to cancel the appointments of Constitut­ in the country as a condition for additional that the judiciary is one of the least trusted ional Court justices. financial assistance and loans. Ukrainian institutions. A poll conducted in Mr. Zelenskyy had previously in In particular, having a robust anti-graft October-November by the Kyiv-based December suspended the chief justice for architecture installed is a precondition for Razumkov Center found that 75 percent of two months in another controversial unlocking the current $5 billion lending Ukrainians do not trust the courts. decree. That suspension was extended for program from the Washington-based NAZK head Oleksandr Novikov drew up one more month before Mr. Tupytsky’s International Monetary Fund. a report on the “failure to report a genuine appointment was eventually revoked. At the time of the constitutional court conflict of interest.” Guards have since barred entry for the vote on the legal provisions in late October, In an interview with Interfax published ousted judge to the Constitutional Court three of the court panel’s 18 seats were on March 31, Sarah Langenkamp, director and it is not clear whether he is still draw- vacant. of International Drug Enforcement and ing a salary. The court’s official website has An investigation by “Schemes: Corruption Law Enforcement Cooperation at the U.S. been offline since March 27 and numerous in Details,” a joint reporting project by Radio Embassy in Ukraine, said reforming the phone calls placed with its press service Free Europe/Radio Liberty and Ukrainian Constitutional Court is a reform priority for went unanswered. Public Television (UA: Pershiy), found that 13 the country. However, the court’s official Facebook of the 15 sitting judges had recused them- “As we have seen, when the CCU page is still operational, though it is not selves on the day of the vote over “doubts declared the National Register of Property clear who is responsible for posting to the about their own impartiality and objectivity and Income Declarations invalid in October, social media site. due to a possible conflict of interest.” there is a constant threat that influential Its most recent post on March 29 states On the day of the vote on October 27, Mr. groups with narrow-minded interests will that Mr. Tupytsky has called for a special Tupytsky was among the justices who had use the CCU to repeal reforms important to plenary session to convene at the court on recused themselves. At the time he was Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic direction,” she said. April 12 to “consider the issue” of his and being investigated for not declaring a prop- Mr. Tupytsky’s dismissal deserves “con- Mr. Kasminin’s dismissals. erty he owns in Russia-occupied Crimea. ditional support,” Adrian Karatnycky, a non- The executive and judicial branches The National Agency on Corruption resident senior fellow at the Washington- No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 13 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14

leadership’s violation of the principles of ment style to the party from her corporate tions” above party interests and that the Following... intra-party democracy and transparency in background. situation could be “resolved.” (Continued from page 1) its activities. The last congress of the party, “Instead of collective decision-making, Holos now has about 400 deputies in which took place in February 2021, due to we have a situation where everything is local councils across the country with fac- are growing and experiencing changing pressure from the party leadership, was decided by one person – Kira Rudyk. And tions in city councils in Kyiv, Lviv, Cherkasy, processes. It is normal that such a transfor- held with numerous violations and without other deputies do not have the opportunity and other Ukrainian cities. mation is often painful for certain people holding conferences in territorial centers,” to influence decisions,” said Ms. Klymenko, Under the leadership of Ms. Rudyk, the who would like to have more influence,” the statement continued. who was number two on the party’s list Holos party participated in local elections Ms. Rudyk said, referring to the group of Among the Holos members who signed behind Mr. Vakarchuk. in October 2020. “The main result of the deputies who demanded that the party the statement were Solomiya Bobrovska, According to Ms. Klymenko, over the local elections for the Holos party is that we elect new leadership. Yaroslav Yurchyshyn, Andriy Sharaskin and past four months, the faction has essential- have had a second birth of a political force Those 10 members of Holos released a Yulia Klymenko – four of the five Holos ly split into two groups of about ten people with a strong representation in local coun- statement on March 29 that cited several members who joined Mr. Vakarchuk when each, with one group publicly supporting cils across the country,” Ms. Rudyk said issues the group has with the party’s lead- he announced the party’s creation on May Ms. Rudyk and the others accusing her of shortly after those elections. ership. 16, 2019. usurping her power. In the early elections to the Verkhovna “We are disappointed with the refusal of “[Ms. Rudyk] wants to take the place of “It turns out that the faction is led by Rada in 2019, Holos took fifth place in the party and faction leadership to sign the Svyatoslav Vakarchuk. She behaves very [Mr.] Zheleznyak, who can’t hear us,” Ms. terms of the number of votes (members of resolution on the dismissal of Prosecutor similarly to him,” said Mr. Yurchyshyn, who Klymenko said. “And the party leadership the party received 851,722 votes – 5.82 General Iryna Venediktova, even though was once the deputy chairman of the party. is in the hands of Ms. Rudyk, who has gath- percent). The party got its highest level of most members of the faction consider her Mr. Yurchyshyn said the party’s split ered a loyal political council and now support in Lviv Oblast, taking 23 percent of work a failure,” the group said in their began last year when Ms. Rudyk replaced Mr. decides for herself what to do.” the vote, enough for first place in the statement. Vakarchuk and Serhiy Prytula was removed However, both the leadership of the region. Among Ukrainians who live abroad They also cited concern that the leader- from the governing body of the party. party and the opposition deputies have but were able to vote in that election, Holos ship of the party was not transparent about Mr. Yurchyshyn also accused Ms. Rudyk avoided talking about an end of the party. received almost 20 percent of the vote, negotiations with Ukrainian President and Yaroslav Zheleznyak, Holos’s leader in “I do not think that this is an ideological while European Solidarity got 29.5 percent Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s Servant of the the Verkhovna Rada, of unwillingness to split, frankly,” said Mr. Zheleznyak. “I do not and Servant of the People received 28 per- People party regarding a potential coalition report on the use of budget funds in the think that any of my colleagues have cent of the vote. with the president’s party. elections and of failing to organize internal changed their priorities. I see this as a stan- Mr. Vakarchuk has not commented on “We condemn the leadership of the communications for the party. dard crisis of growth of the organization.” the party conflict. He is neither a member party and the secret negotiations on joining Furthermore, Mr. Yurchyshyn said that He also expressed hope that colleagues of parliament nor in the party’s leadership, a coalition with the ruling party,” the state- Ms. Rudyk and Mr. Zheleznyak have had would not put their “emotions and ambi- though he remains a Holos party member. ment read. “We do not see ourselves in a secret negotiations with the presidential coalition with a political force that includes office regarding possible financial support. [Oleh] Tatarov [the former deputy head of The party leadership publicly denied the Officer Dmytro Novakovsky. the Internal Affairs Ministry’s Central claim, but party members confirmed that Ukrainian sailors... Unexpectedly, one of the crew members Investigative Department during the Euro- such meetings in the presidential office do (Continued from page 12) of the ‘Sumy’ was Master Seaman Andriy Maidan protests] and [Maxym] Stepanov occur regularly. Oprysko, who is from Lviv. He was one of [Ukraine’s minister of health], and that Mr. Yurchyshyn said he is ready to leave after they were captured in Kerch by the the 24 sailors who were captured on appoints [Serhiy] Shkarlet [Ukraine’s edu- the political party because “they decided to Russian navy. November 25, 2018, in the Kerch incident, cation and science minister who is accused make a party for themselves and others. The costs of refurbishing the three ves- and spent 286 days in Russian captivity at of plagiarism], throws political prisoners One part knows what is going on and how sels ran to $30 million. The costs were Lefortovo prison. He said that he was very behind bars, fails to vaccinate and believes the system works, and they are just trying borne, as a grant to Ukraine, by the happy to have taken part in the training in Russia’s peaceful intentions. Such a coali- to push away others.” Department of Defense under the Foreign and was honored to be a member of the tion is unacceptable,” the statement said. Other party members said that Ms. Military Financing program of the Defense “Sumy” crew and continue his service to “After all, we are outraged by the party Rudyk brought a relatively rigid manage- Security Cooperation Agency. The previous Ukraine. two Coast Guard vessels “Slovyiansk” and Mr. Oprysko noted that after he was “Starobilsk” cost $10 million to refurbish, released from prison, he received many let- which was paid for by Ukraine. All five cut- ters from various people and groups in the ters were authorized and funded during United States, and he particularly remem- the administration of former U.S. President bered receiving many letters from mem- Donald Trump. bers of Plast Ukrainian Scouting Organiz­ Seaman Oleksander Dorozhkin, 26-years- ation and the organization’s Chornomortsi old, discussed the features of the U.S. Coast fraternity, and was grateful for all the sup- Guard Island-class cutters. Mr. Dorozhkin is port from the Ukrainian diaspora in the U.S. from Zaporizhia Oblast and was individually Mr. Oprysko talked about the harsh cited for achieving top honors in this treatment and psychological pressure the demanding course. Mr. Dorozhkin noted Ukrainians sailors dealt with as soon as that the renamed “Sumy” is a class-A Island they were transferred to the Lefortovo pris- cutter, which means that it has a range of on. 3,700 km (approximately 2,300 miles) and “They didn’t torture us or beat us, but can stay at sea for 3-5 days. they used other psychological methods, The other cutter, renamed the “Fastiv,” is including isolation,” Mr. Oprysko said. a class-B cutter – it is the same size and “They took us out one by one and told us weight and has the same engine as the that ‘…they’ve [the Ukrainian government] “Sumy,” but it is not equipped for longer sent you off to be slaughtered.’ Their law- stays at sea. yers advised us to fall on our knees before Both vessels compare very favorably to the judge, kiss their robe, admit our guilt Ukraine’s “Stenka” class cutters, which are and everything will somehow turn out bet- essentially the same size, weight and speed, ter for us. We held out and did not submit,” but have a limited range of 500 km. In addi- Mr. Oprysko said. tion, the Island-class cutters will be fitted After the graduation ceremony, there with heavier caliber armaments. First Lt. was a luncheon reception for the crew of Mykyta Hrechukha will command the both cutters. This was their last weekend in “Sumy” and Lt. j.g. Serhiy Scherbyna will Baltimore, as they all flew back to Kyiv on command the “Fastiv,” assisted by Petty March 28.

Brothers of Cossack Mettle is the debut novel of Roman Gerus.

It is an historical ction novel about the rst year in the Ukrainian War of Independence (1918).

Аvailable on the Amazon, Kobo and Barnes & Noble websites in both paperback and e-book formats. No. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 15

April 10, 17 Online Pysanka workshop, “Reawaken, Revitalize and April 18 Presentation by John Hewko, “The Power of Passion: UIA Online Create Pysankas,” Ukrainian National Museum, Online Conversations with Leaders Who Share Their Vision and [email protected] or 312-421-8020 Social Purpose,” Ukrainian Institute of America, www.ukrainianinstitute.org April 6-10 Virtual program, “Displaced from Home: A Series on Crimea,” Online University of Pittsburgh, www.ucis.pitt.edu/crees or April 18 Online presentation by Vasyl Makhno and Yohanan Petrovsky- [email protected] Online Shtern, “Perpetual Calendar,” Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art, www.uima-chicago.org April 7 Webinar with Marcel Garbos, “A Tale of Two Piedmonts: Online Cross-border Communist Movements and Weaponized April 20-21 Conference, “Ukraine in Washington: Conference Series in Nationalism in the Polish-Soviet Borderlands, 1921-1939,” Online Virtual Reality,” U.S.-Ukraine Foundation, www.usukraine.org Harvard University, www.huri.harvard.edu or 617-495-4053 April 22 Book talk with Marta Dyczok, Andriy Kulykov and Oksana Online Smerechuk, “Ukraine Calling: A Kaleidoscope from April 9 Webinar with Olga Onuch, “The Original Maidan: Hromadske Radio 2016-2019,” Columbia University, Online Revisiting the Revolution on Granite in Comparative www.harriman.columbia.edu or 212-854-4697 Perspective,” Columbia University, April 22 Online presentation, “Celebrating Earth Day: Live Your Best www.harriman.columbia.edu or 212-854-4697 Online Eco-friendly Life,” with Halyna Zalucky, Jacob Kachuba, Katrusia Balan and Zandra Zalucky, St. Vladimir Institute, April 10 Conference, “East Meets West,” Nashi Predky genealogy www.stvladimir.ca Online group, Ukrainian History and Education Center, www.ukrhec.org or 732-356-0132 April 25 Online cooking demonstration with instruction by Slava Online Iwasykiw and Sonia Potichnyj, “Culinary Series: Bake an Easter April 11 Artist talk, “Not Afraid” with Janice Elkins and Gina Lee Syrnyk Cheesecake,” St. Vladimir Institute, www.stvladimir.ca Chicago Robbins, Ukrainian National Museum, www.ukrainiannationalmuseum.org or 773-227-5522 April 28 Online event, “The Chernobyl/Chornobyl Disaster: The Online Presentation of the New MAPA Project,” Harvard University, April 12 Webinar with Serhii Plokhii, “Nuclear Folly: A History of www.huri.harvard.edu or 617-495-4053 Online the Cuban Missile Crisis,” Harvard University, www.huri.harvard.edu or 617-495-4053 Entries in “Out and About” are listed free of charge. Priority is given to events advertised in The Ukrainian Weekly. However, we also welcome submissions April 16 Youth lock-in, Junior Ukrainian Orthodox League, St. Vladimir from all our readers. Items will be published at the discretion of the editors Philadelphia Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral, [email protected] and as space allows. Please send e-mail to [email protected].

the health ministry hopes most of the adult anniversary of the European Convention on 2006. The report states that 581 payments NEWSBRIEFS population will be inoculated this year, Mr. Human Rights, as a result of steps taken by of “just satisfaction” to applicants, awarded the relevant member states. At the end of by the ECHR, were made on time in 2020, (Continued from page 10) Stepanov told a televised government meeting. (Reuters) the year, 5,233 cases had yet to be fully while the Committee of Ministers was still Kyiv to lock down amid record COVID-19 deaths implemented by the member states awaiting confirmation of payment in 1,574 Ukraine on list of highest ECHR cases involved – among the lowest counts since cases at the end of December. (RFE/RL) Ukraine’s capital Kyiv will impose a strict lockdown from April 5 amid a gloomy The Council of Europe says states across prediction for a further surge in infections the continent last year continued to make and a record daily number of coronavirus- “progress” on implementing judgments the U.S. who are U.S.-born or immigrants related deaths, Mayor Vitali Klitschko said from the European Court of Human Rights How many... with declared Ukrainian ancestry (proba- (ECHR) despite the coronavirus pandemic. on March 31. Ukraine’s Health Minister (Continued from page 11) bly most immigrants with legal residency Maksym Stepanov said there were 407 But it stressed that further efforts are need- status) is reasonably reliable. The Center coronavirus-related deaths recorded in the ed to tackle issues such as ill-treatment or decline and reached a low of 6,000 in 2019. is in the process of updating the data on country over a 24-hour period on March deaths caused by security forces and poor This decline was interrupted by two its website, http://www.inform-decisions. 31, and warned infections were likely to conditions of detention, as well as a “grow- increases in 2019 and 2015. These are gen- com/stat/, to the year 2018, and all the rise further over the next one to two weeks. ing number of cases concerning abusive eral descriptions of the trends in these data are based on this new definition. The country began rolling out vaccinations limitations on rights and freedoms.” The two groups. The immigration data on Estimates of the number of illegal against the COVID-19 pandemic last month assessment was part of the Council of these two groups have more detail and immigrants are more problematic for two and 231,564 people had received the first Europe Committee of Ministers’ annual merit a more in-depth analysis. reasons: the nature of immigration statis- shot by March 31, yet Mr. Stepanov report for 2020 on the execution of ECHR Table 3 shows the calculations for esti- tics and the uncertainty of a range instead described the situation as “tense enough.” judgments. States with the highest total mating the number of illegal immigrants of a number. U. S. immigration data have at Kyiv, with the highest infection rate in the number of new cases last year were Russia and the total number of Ukrainians in the least two problems. First, the system ex-Soviet republic of 41 million people, will (218), Turkey (103) and Ukraine (84), fol- U.S. First, we add all the yearly visitors records only arrivals in the U.S.; it does not restrict public transport, close all schools lowed by Romania (78) and Hungary (61). between 1994 and 2019 in the three provide data on departures. Second, the and kindergartens for the period from April These countries also had the highest num- groups that are likely to have persons system does not register multiple entries 5 to April 16, Mr. Klitschko said. “We have ber of pending cases at the end of 2020: planning to stay illegally in the country; by the same person. The result is that no other option. Otherwise, there will be Russia (1,789), Turkey (624), Ukraine they total 1.364 million. We assume that some of the visitors are counted more hundreds of deaths every day,” he said on (567), Romania (347) and Hungary (276). the proportion of visitors in these three than once, and the data is likely to overes- Telegram messenger. Earlier on March 31 The states over which the ECHR awarded categories who decided not to return to timate the number of unique visitors. The he said 1,100 new coronavirus cases were the most “just satisfaction” to applicants Ukraine may vary between one-fourth and proportions of visitors who decided to registered in the city over the past day with were Romania ($43.9 million), Russia one-half. We apply these proportions to stay are educated guesses. The 25 and 50 35 deaths. Kyiv hospitals dedicated to ($13.4 million), Italy ($6 million), the total of 1.364 million and add the percent assumptions probably provide COVID-19 treatment were now 80 percent Montenegro ($5.4 million) and Moldova 1.128 million estimated using the self- minimum and maximum estimates of the full, Mr. Klitschko said. A major spike in ($4.9 million). Council of Europe Secretary- identification definition. This sum gives number of illegal Ukrainians in the U.S. infections last week to a 24-hour record of General Marija Pejcinovic Buric said in a us a range of 1.5 to 1.8 million for the total We conclude that it is unlikely that the 18,132 prompted almost half the country’s statement that the report shows that mem- number of legal and illegal Ukrainians in total number of Ukrainians in the U.S. is regions to impose a tight lockdown. Mr. ber states take their obligations to imple- the U.S. higher than 1.8 million and is probably Stepanov said on Facebook that 11,226 ment judgments from the Strasbourg- The estimated number of Ukrainians in closer to 1.5 million. new infections were reported over a based court “very seriously, even in difficult 24-hour period on March 31, pushing the circumstances.” However, Ms. Buric noted Table 3. Estimation of the number of illegal and all Ukrainians in the U.S., 2018. total to 1,674,168 since the pandemic that “many important judgments have been began a little over a year ago. The previous outstanding for several years and a small tourists and students and temporary daily high of 362 deaths was on March 25. number of high-profile cases are not being sum business exchange visitors workers A total of 32,825 Ukrainians have died from resolved quickly enough.” She added that, Total number of I-94 COVID-19. Ukraine received 500,000 doses “Our member states have a duty to imple- 1,082,793 187,638 93,734 1,364,165 of the Indian-made AstraZeneca vaccine ment ECHR judgments promptly and fully. visitors: 1994-2019 CoviShield in February and the first This is not a kind request – it is a binding illegals census estimate all Ukrainians 215,000 of China’s Sinovac COVID-19 shot. requirement.” According to the report, 983 50 percent of total 682,083 1,127,934 1,810,017 Thirty-seven million vaccine doses are cases were closed by the Committee of 25 percent of total 341,041 1,127,934 1,468,975 expected to arrive in Ukraine in 2021 and Ministers in 2020, which marked the 70th 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 4, 2021 No. 14