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Risks of Pregnancy, Drugs, Alcohol and Smoking RISKS of PREGNANCY, DRUGS, ALCOHOL and SMOKING If you’re a woman who is pregnant or thinking It's never too late to about getting pregnant, you have an important choice to make. More and more unfortunate quit drinking, smoking babies are born each year with defects as a or abusing drugs. result of the mother drinking, abusing drugs and smoking. These can affect a baby’s brain When is the best and learning abilities, its facial structure, its heart, lungs and kidneys, and its growth, time to quit? memory, attention and behavior. And these results can’t be cured. Here’s the kicker: it’s 100% preventable. Making N OW. sure your baby isn’t born with substance abuse problems calls for only one step… If you’re Don’t drink alcohol. pregnant… Don’t do drugs. You have the power to make sure your baby is born healthy and free of problems Don’t smoke. caused by alcohol, drugs and cigarettes. Your doctor doesn’t have this power. The baby’s father doesn’t have this power. Your parents don’t have this power. Only Keep your body well and it you do. Show the world that you have the power. Do the right thing for your baby will Keep your baby well. and yourself. Never drink, smoke or take drugs while you’re pregnant. DISCLAIMER. This book provides general information about pregnancy, substance abuse and related issues. This information does not constitute medical advice and is not intended to be used as a solitary reference on the subject matter, for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem, or as a substitute for consulting a licensed health care professional. Consult with a qualified physician or health care practitioner to discuss specific individual issues or health needs, and to professionally address personal, emotional, health, physical or medical concerns. TABLE OF RISKS of PREGNANCY, DRUGS, CONTENTS ALCOHOL and SMOKING DRINKING AND 2 PREGNANCY DRUGS AND 10 PREGNANCY WHAT IS FETAL 4 ALCOHOL SYNDROME? SMOKING AND 13 PREGNANCY A BRIEF HISTORY 6 OF FAS WHERE TO GO 17 FOR HELP 7 THE FAQs of FAS BODY WELL, BABY WELL! 1 DRINKING AND PREGNANCY TOP OF THE LIST When you drink alcohol, If you’ve found out you’re so does your baby. pregnant there are many things you’ll need to put on your to-do list. You’ll need to make plans and talk to WHAT ALCOHOL DOES the father. You’ll need to Alcohol goes through a chemical breakdown in the mother’s body. It becomes a compound that harms cells. It gets taken start eating more healthy in by the baby growing in the womb. Heavy drinking by a foods and taking care of woman in the early stages of pregnancy greatly raises the yourself. You’ll have to find risks of many birth defects. These can be: a doctor and make regular A small skull office visits. But the Number One item on your to-do list: Facial problems STOP DRINKING. Heart problems Stunted growth and mental retardation One of the most dangerous drugs for a pregnant woman Medical experts all agree that a woman should never drink alcohol while pregnant. It doesn’t matter if the woman is is alcohol. This risk can be younger or older. It doesn’t matter if she’s a first-time mom most harmful during the or a mother with many children. The results of alcohol on a early stages. baby are just as real and just as harmful. Even milder alcohol drinks like beer and wine coolers can be risky. Make all alcohol off limits during your pregnancy. 22 BODY WELL, BABY WELL! FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) include a range of problems brought on by a mother’s drinking while pregnant. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is one of these problems. We’ll take a closer look at Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in the next chapters. FASD also consists of these health issues: Partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (PFAS) Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) Alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is one of many serious conditions caused by drinking while pregnant. FIND IT! BabyCenter: Drinking Alcohol during Pregnancy babycenter.com/0_drinking-alcohol- during-pregnancy_3542.bc BODY WELL, BABY WELL! 3 FETAL: WHAT IS F. Pertaining to a fetus or unborn child ALCOHOL: FETAL A. Intoxicating liquor ALCOHOL SYNDROME: S. A group of symptoms that make up a disease, SYNDROME? disorder or other abnormal condition NO SAFE AMOUNT Alcohol can cause many problems for people THE RESULTS ARE IN who drink too much of it. For pregnant women, those risks are greatly raised. Fetal If you’re pregnant and you drink Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) can happen when alcohol, it can hurt your baby’s a pregnant mother drinks too much. growth. The Fetal Alcohol Syndrome When a pregnant woman uses or abuses results can differ from child to child, alcohol, the results pose harmful risks for her but these can’t be cured or reversed. unborn baby. After all, just like the food you eat, According to the Missouri Department of what you drink passes through the placenta into the baby. Any amount of alcohol taken in by the Mental Health, Division of Alcohol and mother can be passed to her baby and cause Drug Abuse, a baby with Fetal Alcohol FAS. There is no safe amount of alcohol to have Syndrome may have: when you’re pregnant. Larger amounts raise the Small body size and weight chances. Binge drinking presents a much greater risk than small amounts. Slower than normal growth, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is not a virus that can not able to “catch up” be caught from someone. It isn’t passed down Deformed ribs and breast bone from a parent. It’s caused by one thing and one thing only: a mother who drinks alcohol during Curved spine and hip dislocations her pregnancy. Bent, fused, webbed or missing fingers or toes All drinks that contain alcohol FIND IT! can be harmful to your baby. The National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome nofas.org 4 BODY WELL, BABY WELL! The Amount of alcohol that is okay for a woman to Numbers Game 0 have while pregnant. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the only birth defect that can be completely prevented. It doesn’t have to happen. Limited movement of joints Drooping eyelids TRULY TOXIC Facial problems Small eye slits Small head An unborn child’s brain and nervous system are very Skin webbing between eyes and base of nose sensitive to the toxic effects of alcohol. Even the smallest Nearsightedness Failure of eyes to move together amounts can cause a Short turned-up nose Sunken nasal bridge lasting illness. It has been shown that 30% of babies Flat or absent groove under the nose and above the upper lip born from alcoholic mothers will have enough Thin upper lip Opening in roof of mouth Small jaw alcohol in the womb to be diagnosed with FAS. Low-set or poorly formed ears Organ deformities No amount of alcohol is Heart problems or murmurs Genital problems known to be safe to drink during pregnancy. If you Kidney and urinary problems Small brain Anger drink during this time, Central nervous system handicaps Learning handicaps you are placing your baby at risk of FAS. Faulty brain cell order and connective tissue If you think your child may have FAS, talk to your doctor Mental retardation -- sometimes harsh right now. Diagnosing FAS Short attention span Hyperactivity as a child early may help lessen the risk of more problems, like Poor body, hand, and finger coordination learning disabilities and later substance abuse. BODY WELL, BABY WELL! 5 A BRIEF HISTORY of FAS AN AGE FAS FORWARD OLD PROBLEM Fetal Alcohol Syndrome was identified and named in 1973. After decades of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is surely not research and studies, experts decided new. There were people in biblical, that alcohol was to blame for these ancient Greek and Roman times birth defects and not heredity. who recognized the link between drinking and birth problems. Further studies all over the world Mothers in old Scotland were not came up with the same findings. The allowed to drink alcohol during children of alcoholic mothers had pregnancy and while breastfeeding. the same facial features, the same learning problems and the same But it wasn’t until 1899 that a behavior problems. These patterns British prison doctor named Dr. told researchers that the problem was William Sullivan noted higher prenatal, happening before birth. rates of stillborn babies among These researchers had turned up 120 alcoholic women prisoners hundreds of cases by the late 1970s. compared to sober women Fetal Alcohol Syndrome had started to inmates. Before these findings, become described as the most frequent it was believed that heredity was known cause of mental retardation. the cause of mental retardation, poverty and criminal actions. Up to date studies all over the world keep proving that FAS can be stopped if women give up alcohol completely FIND IT! during pregnancy. People in ancient Greece and Rome knew of the dangers. Wikipedia: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome We should too. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_alcohol_ syndrome 6 BODY WELL, BABY WELL! The FAQs of FAS Even though you know what it is, you might have a lot of questions about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. This section aims to answer those questions and make the problem Q&A easier to understand. How much alcohol is safe to What can happen to a fetus Q: drink when you’re pregnant? Q: when a pregnant woman drinks alcohol? When a woman drinks during None.
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