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Active Server Pages (ASP) Active Server Pages (ASP) Outline 11.1 Introduction 11.2 How Active Server Pages Work 11.3 Client-side Scripting versus Server-side Scripting 11.4 Using Personal Web Server or Internet Information Server 11.5 A Simple ASP Example 11.6 Server-side ActiveX Components 11.7 File System Objects 11.8 Session Tracking and Cookies 11.9 Accessing a Database from an Active Server Page 11.10 Case Study: A Product Catalog 11.1 Introduction • Active Server Pages (ASP) – Processed in response to client request – ASP file contains HTML and scripting code – VBScript de facto language for ASP scripting • Other languages can be used – JavaScript – .asp file extension – Microsoft-developed technology – Send dynamic Web content • HTML • DHTML • ActiveX controls • Client-side scripts • Java applets 11.2 How Active Server Pages Work • Client sends request – Server receives request and directs it to ASP – ASP processes, then returns result to client • HTTP request types – Request methods • GET – Gets (retrieves) information from server – Retrieve HTML document or image • POST – Posts (sends) data to server – Send info from HTML form » Client-entered data » Info to search Internet » Query for a database » Authentication info 11.2 How Active Server Pages Work (II) • Browsers often cache Web pages – Cache: save on disk – Typically do not cache POST response • Next POST request may not return same result • Client requests ASP file – Parsed (top to bottom) by ActiveX component asp.dll • ActiveX component: server-side ActiveX control that usually does not have GUI • Code executed as encountered • @LANGUAGE statement – Specifies scripting language – If not used, VBScript assumed • As interpreted, HTML (plus client-side scripts) sent to client – Parsed each time requested – Web server must support ASP by providing component such as asp.dll 11.3 Client-side Scripting versus Server-side Scripting • Client-side scripting – Used for: • Validation • Interactivity • Enhancing Web page with ActiveX controls • Dynamic HTML • Java applets • Accessing browser – Browser-dependent • Scripting language must be supported by browser or scripting host – Viewable on client • Protecting source code difficult 11.3 Client-side Scripting versus Server-side Scripting (II) • Server-side scripting – Reside on server more flexibility • Database access – Usually generate custom response for client – Access to ActiveX server components • Extend scripting language functionality – Run exclusively on server cross-platform issues not a concern – Not visible to client • Only HTML + client-side scripts sent to client 11.4 Using Personal Web Server or Internet Information Server • Create subdirectories in root – Deitel_Iw3htp • Copy all .asp files – includes • Copy all .inc files – images • Copy all .gif files – May have to change paths in .asp files to reflect directories 11.5 A Simple ASP Example • Scripting delimiters – <% and %> – Indicate code is to be executed on server, not client • @LANGUAGE – Specify scripting language (default VBScript) – <% @LANGUAGE = “VBScript” %> • Each time page refreshed, server loads and interprets ASP 1<% @LANGUAGE = VBScript %> 2<% Option Explicit %> 3<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> 4<% ' Fig. 11.1 : clock.asp %> 1.1Specify VBScript as 5 scripting language 6<HTML> 7<HEAD> 1.2Use Option 8<TITLE>A Simple ASP Example</TITLE> Explicit to 9<META HTTP-EQUIV = "REFRESH" CONTENT = "60; URL = CLOCK.ASP"> indicate variables be explicitly 10</HEAD> declared by 11<BODY> programmer 12 13<FONT FACE = ARIAL SIZE = 4><STRONG>Simple ASP Example</STRONG> 1.3Use META tag to set 14</FONT><P> refresh interval 15 <TABLE BORDER = "6"> 16 <TR> Time gets current time 17 <TD BGCOLOR = "#000000"> on server 18 <FONT FACE = Arial COLOR = "#00FF00" SIZE = 4> (hh:mm:ss) 19 <% =Time() %> Short for <% Call 20 </FONT> Response.Write( 21 </TD> Time() ) %> 22 </TR> 23 </TABLE> 24</BODY> 25</HTML> Output from a simple Active Server Page 11.6 Server-side ActiveX Components • Server-side ActiveX components – Typically do not have GUI – If scripting language for ASP not support certain feature, create ActiveX Server component • Visual C++, Visual Basic, Delphi, etc. – Usually execute faster than scripting language equivalents – Executed on server • Client does not need to support ActiveX technologies Some server-side ActiveX components included with IIS and PWS Component Name Description MSWC.BrowserType ActiveX component for gathering information (e.g., type, version, etc.) about the client’s browser. MSWC.AdRotator ActiveX component for rotating advertisements on a Web Page. MSWC.NextLink ActiveX component for linking together Web pages. MSWC.ContentRotator ActiveX component for rotating HTML content on a Web page. MSWC.PageCounter ActiveX component for storing the number of times a Web page has been requested. MSWC.Counters ActiveX components that provides general-purpose persistent counters. MSWC.MyInfo ActiveX component that provides information (e.g., owner name, owner address, etc.) about a Web site. Scripting.FileSystemObject ActiveX component that provide an object library for accessing files on the server or on the server’s network. ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) Data ActiveX components that provide an object library for Access Components accessing databases. 1<% @LANGUAGE = VBScript %> 2<% Option Explicit %> 3<% ' Fig. 11.3 : rotate.asp %> 4 1.1Create instance of 5<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> AdRotator 6<HTML> component 7<HEAD> 8<TITLE>AdRotator Example</TITLE> 1.2Call Response 9</HEAD> object’s Write 10 method to send 11<BODY> advertisement to 12<FONT FACE = "Arial" SIZE = 4><STRONG>AdRotator Example</STRONG> client 13</FONT><P> 14<% 15 ' Declare flagChanger 16 Dim flagChanger 17 18 ' Create an AdRotator object 19 Set flagChanger = Server.CreateObject( "MSWC.AdRotator" ) 20 21 ' Use config.txt to send an advertisement to the client 22 Call Response.Write( _ 23 flagChanger.GetAdvertisement( "config.txt" ) ) 24%> 25</BODY> 26</HTML> 27 WIDTH 54 28 HEIGHT 36 29 BORDER 1 30 * config.txt 31 /images/us.gif 32 http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/us.html 1. Header includes 33 United States Information image HEIGHT, image WIDTH and 34 20 image BORDER 35 /images/france.gif width 36 http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/fr.html 37 France Information 38 20 Asterisk separates 39 /images/germany.gif header from advertisements 40 http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/gm.html 41 Germany Information Image location 42 20 Destination URL 43 /images/italy.gif ALT tag 44 http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/it.html 45 Italy Information Percentage of time image appears 46 20 47 /images/spain.gif 48 http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/sp.html 49 Spain Information 50 20 Demonstrating the AdRotator ActiveX component 11.7 File System Objects • File System Objects (FSOs) – Manipulate files, directories and drives – Read and write text – In Microsoft Scripting Runtime Library – 5 FSO types: • FileSystemObject – Interact with Files, Folders and Drives • File – Manipulate Files of any type • Folder – Manipulate Folders (i.e, directories) • Drive – Gather info about Drives (local or remote) • TextStream – Read and write text files 11.7 File System Objects • OpenTextFile(filename, code, create) – filename - file to open – code • 8 - open for appending • 1 - open for reading • 2 - open for writing – create? - if true, creates a new file if does not exist FileSystemObject methods Methods Description CopyFile Copies an existing File. CopyFolder Copies an existing Folder. CreateFolder Creates and returns a Folder. CreateTextFile Creates and returns a text File. DeleteFile Deletes a File. DeleteFolder Deletes a Folder. DriveExists Tests whether or not a Drive exists. FileExists Tests whether or not a File exists. Returns boolean. FolderExists Tests whether or not a Folder exists. Returns boolean. GetAbsolutePathName Returns the absolute path as a string. GetDrive Returns the specified Drive. GetDriveName Returns the Drive drive name. GetFile Returns the specified File. GetFileName Returns the File file name. GetFolder Returns the specified Folder. GetParentFolderName Returns a string representing the parent folder name. GetTempName Creates and returns a string representing a file name. MoveFile Moves a File. MoveFolder Moves a Folder. OpenTextFile Opens an existing text File. Returns a TextStream. Some common File properties and methods Property/method Description Properties DateCreated Date. The date the File was created. DateLastAccessed Date. The date the File was last accessed. DateLastModified Date. The date the File was last modified. Drive Drive. The Drive where the file is located. Name String. The File name. ParentFolder String. The File’s parent folder name. Path String. The File’s path. ShortName String. The File’s name expressed as a short name. Size The size of the File in bytes. Methods Copy Copy the File. Same as CopyFile of FileSystemObject. Delete Delete the File. Same as DeleteFile of FileSystemObject. Move Move the File. Same as MoveFile of FileSystemObject. OpenAsTextStream Opens an existing File as a text File. Returns TextStream. Some Folder properties and methods Property/method Description Properties Attributes Integer. Value indicating Folder’s attributes (read only, hidden, etc.) DateCreated Date. The date the folder was created. DateLastAccessed Date. The date the folder was last accessed. DateLastModified Date. The date the folder was last modified. Drive Drive. The Drive where
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