NEP: SASEC Road Improvement Project

Environmental Monitoring Report

Semiannual Report (July to December 2018) April 2019

Prepared by Department of Roads, Project Directorate (ADB), for Ministry of Physical Infrastructure & Transport and the Asian Development Bank.

This Environmental Monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Government of Nepal Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport DEPARTMENT OF ROADS Project Directorate (ADB) Bishalnagar, Kathmandu, Nepal

CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION OF SASEC ROADS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (SRIP)

(ADB Loan No.: 3478-NEP) SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT NO. 3 (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING)

SASEC Roads Improvement Project Package 1: EWH- Narayanghat Butwal Road, Section I (64.425 Km) Package 2: EWH- Narayanghat Butwal Road, Section II (48.535 Km) Package 3: Bhairahawa – Lumbini - Taulihawa Road, (41.130 Km)

(July - December) 2018

Submitted by

M/S Korea Engineering Consultants Ltd. Corp.- MEH Consultant (P) Ltd., Kyong Dong Engineering Co. Ltd. JV In association with MULTI – Disciplinary Consultants (P) Ltd. & Seoul, Korea. SOIL Test (P) Ltd.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

20 December 2018 Currency unit – Nepalese Rupee (NRs) NRs1.00 = $ 0.008853475 US $1.00 = NRs 112.95

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank ADB –PD Asian Development Bank-Project Directorate ADF Asian Development Fund BOQ Bill of Quantity CDO Chief District Officer CRE Chief Resident Engineer CSC Construction Supervision Consultant CSC-ES Construction Supervision Consultant – Environment Specialist DCC District Coordination Committee DFO District Forest Office DOR Department of Roads EFP Environmental Focal Person EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMAP Environmental Management Action Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan EMR Environmental Monitoring Report EWH East–West Highway GDP Gross Domestic Product GESU Geo-Environmental and Social Unit GRC Grievance Redress Committee ICB International Competitive Bidding IEE Initial Environmental Examination IOW Inspector of Works MOFSC Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation MoPE Ministry of Population and Environment MPIT Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport NCB National Competitive Bidding NGOs Non-Government Organizations NH National Highway PAM Project Administration Manual PIC/PM Project In charge/Project Manager PIU Project Implementation Unit RAP Rural Access Programme RE Resident Engineer RM Rural Municipality SASEC South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation SEIA Supplementary Environmental Impact Assessment SLC Sub-Project Level Committee SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SRCP SASEC Road Connectivity Project SRN Strategic Road Network TOR Terms of Reference

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

NOTES

(i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Nepal and its agencies ends on 16 July. FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY 2017/18 ends on 16 July 2018. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vi 1. BACKGROUND 1 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS IN SRIP 2 3. CHANGES AND ADJUSTED SAFEGUARD MEASURES; 3 4. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT 3 5. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD IMPLEMENTATION 4 a) Environmental Clearance on IEE/EIA reports 4 b) Capacity Building Activities 5 c) Status of Forest Clearance 5 d) Compensatory plantation 6 e) Status of other local clearances 7 f) Awareness program 8 g) Spoil management 8 h) Drainage management 8 i) Management of Dust 10 j) Slope stabilization and bioengineering activities 10 k) Rehabilitation of community infrastructures and cultural/religious sites 10 l) Quarry site management 10 m) Camp Site Management 10 n) Occupational health and safety (OHS) 11 o) Signboard placing (erection) 11 p) Grievance Redress Committees 11 q) EMP implementation, monitoring and reporting 12 r) Disclosure of Environmental Assessments and Monitoring Reports 12 s) Monitoring of Safeguards Implementation 12 t) Environmental Monitoring Survey 12 u) Status of Wildlife Survey 12 6. OVERALL COMPLIANCE WITH EMP 14 7. ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD 15

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List of Figure

Figure 1: SASEC Road project in Map of Nepal 2

1 List of Tables

Table 1: Details of SRIP road sub-projects 2 Table 2a: Overall Progress of the BLT road until December 2018 4 Table 2b: Forest Clearance progress during July-December 2018 5 Table 3: Overall Forest Clearance Status 5 Table 4: Status of local clearance and approval 6 Table 5: To date spoil for different sub-projects 7 Table 6: Major Structures with Drainage detail and progress till date 8 Table7: Overall EMP compliance status of SRIP road projects 13 Table 8: Issues and Corrective Measures 13

List of Annexes: Annex 1-A : Environmental Safeguard Planning Annex 1-B : Environmental Safeguard Implementation Status Annex 2 : Environmental Management Cost Annex 3 : Status of Environmental Safeguard Compliances Annex 4 : Plantation Plan Annex 5 : Implementation Reporting Format Annex 6 : Environmental Monitoring Checklist Annex 7 (A-D) : Grievance Redress Mechanism Meetings Minutes Annex 8 : MoM of House Compensation Committee Annex 9 : Compensation Notice Published by DoR Annex 10 : Lease Agreement for the use of Land for Contractor’s Batching Plant at Km 4+900 Annex 11 : Lease Agreement for the use of Land for Contractor’s Crusher Plant at Km 9+500 Annex 12 : Lease Agreement for the use of Land for Contractor’s Batching Plant at Km 27+500 Annex 13 : Contractor’s Insurance Documents Annex 14 : Wildlife Sign Survey, June 2018 Annex 15 : Photographs

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. The proposed South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Road Improvement Program (SRIP) is undertaking two strategic high priority roads in the Province 4 of Nepal: i) Narayanghat – Butwal Highway, and ii) Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa Feeder Road. The project roads are: (i) Narayanghat-Butwal (115 km - 4 lane highway) Road, and (ii) Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa Road (41.130km). The Department of Roads (DOR) intends to improve Narayanghat-Butwal Road to all-weather asphalt concrete four-lane Asian Highway Standard. The 41.130 km Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa road has 3 sections: Section 1: 3.68 km, km 0+00 to km 3+680 (Bhairahawa-Airport); Section 2: 14.42 km, 3+680 to Km18.100 (Bhairahawa Airport -Lumbini); and Section 3: km 18+100 to 41+130 (Lumbini - Taulihawa). Section 1 will be improved from the current 2 lanes to an all- weather bituminous 4 lanes with both sides’ service roads while section 2 will be improved from the current 2 lanes to an all-weather bituminous 4 lanes while Section 3 will be improved from 1 lane to 2 lanes feeder road standards.

2. The Project has been categorized as “A” consistent with the requirements of ADB SPS 2009 since one of the project components, the East West Highway Narayanghat - Butwal Section borders the buffer zone of Chitwan National park covering over 23KM. The Bhairahawa - Lumbini - Taulihawa roads upgrading activities are unlikely to have significant adverse environmental impacts. Impacts largely are short-term, reversible and manageable through appropriate mitigation measures and categorized as “B”.

3. The Design Consultants completed the IEE in BLT Road and EIA in NB Road in 2016. After being mobilized, the Civil Contractor in the BLT Road, the Civil Contractor with the CSC completed the joint verification survey. The joint survey found 2078 trees against 1890 trees reported in IEE required to be cut. Approval for clearance is taken from Forest Offices for cutting of the trees. By the end of this reporting date, a total 2055 numbers of trees have been cut-down and 1800 roots removed. For the loss of 2078 in BLT road, compensatory plantation (CP) of 51,950 trees has to be done at the ratio of 1:25 as per Forest Act, Regulation and Procedure of Compensatory Tree Plantation by National Project.

4. Civil Contractor is regularly reporting to the CSC Environment Specialist, along with regularly submitting environmental checklist to CSC Environment specialist.

5. The NB Road possesses 55 community forests (CFs). The mobilization of the Civil Contractor is awaited to undertake the joint verification survey in the NB Road.

6. DCC (DDC in the past) has approved to collect materials for quarry sites from Tinau River, Kundri River & Dano river. The Contractor has started material collection from approved quarry sites. The Contractor has identified the private quarry areas (Borrow pits) especially earth for sub-base material & embankment construction. Borrow pits soil used for sub-base and embankment construction has been brought from private lands. The agreement has been done with the private landowners to collect the borrow pits soils, copy of agreement was already submitted in previous semi-annual report. Environmental Focal Person has prepared the Quarry Operation Plan. The approval has been taken from the

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

CSC to use the mining area as per the approved Quarry Operation Plan. The contractor is looking for approval of some more quarry sites for material collection for base, sub-grade and pre-mix / batching works.

7. The contractor is using rental house as well as own work comps for the site workers. Workers residing in camps are provided with toilet facilities and washrooms / bathrooms for women and men separately. Drinking water and sanitary facilities (toilets) are provided in the work camps for each camp site in BLT road. In camps, workers are using LPG obtained from local market for cooking purpose.

8. Team has been mobilized for Environmental Survey including Air, Noise and Water Quality Survey in the last week of December 2018.

9. Occupational health and safety measures including safety gears like helmet, hand gloves, boots etc. have been found used by 75% workers. The workers are found ignoring its use. They required the re-orientation and knowledge on the needs and importance of using safety gears. The work camp has been provided with first aid kit having essential medicines and condoms. Group accidental insurance has been done for all the workers where construction work is going on.

10. Signboards are erected at various places at start and end points of construction sites. In addition to this, informative sign is kept where construction activities are carried out, Moat of signboard is worn out, and CSC specialist has instructed to repaint all sign boards.

11. During this reporting period of six months, Third CDC and GRM meeting has been conducted in CDO office of Rupandehi district (Bhairahawa) on 4th July 2018. Three member’s evaluation committee valuated 11 structures of 11 households to be compensated and the resettlement assistance to be provided. Total compensable amount are NRs: 1,268,368.25 for 11 identified affected structures. Meeting decided to distribute compensation amounts as per government rules which require the non-titleholder households to submit the evidence that the structures belong to them. Out of 11 households, 10 households submitted the evidence including the recommendation of municipalities or rural municipalities they belong to. They have been provided the first installment amount of resettlement assistance before shifting or dismantling the structures. The Process has been finalized for providing the second installment after the field verification found that the structures have been dismantled and shifted.

12. Three level GRM committees formed have been actively performing to solve the local grievances.

13. EMP implementation and monitoring in the SRIP road packages has been observed Partly satisfactory. The CSC has conducted periodic site inspections to assess Contractor’s compliance to the EMP, advice corrective measures, and report to PD (ADB), DoR on the effectiveness of the mitigation measures and overall status of EMP implementation. The Contractors have been asked to fill up the environmental compliance checklist provided earlier and submit back to CSC regularly.

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Wildlife

14. Camera Trap for Wildlife Baseline Survey were purchased and mobilized to field. Pilot study was performed and locations for installation of camera were set. It was found that consultation review of the community forest management plan prior to conformation of th Camera Trap. Recently, 32 Pairs of Camera for 2 months has been installed and wildlife activity at potential road crossing has been monitoring. Till the end of December 2018, Hyena, Common Leopard and Palm Civets were captured in the camera trap records.

15. The revised report of the Rapid Sign Survey of Wildlife was submitted incorporating the comments from PD Office.

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1. BACKGROUND

1. The South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Road Improvement Program (SRIP) is undertaking two strategic high priority roads in the Province 4 of Nepal: i) Narayanghat – Butwal Highway, and ii) Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa Feeder Road. The Narayanghat-Butwal Highway is part of the Asian Highway.

2. The Project is consistent with the Government's transport strategy and development plans. Nepal's Three Year Interim Plan (TYIP) 2013/14-2015/16 emphasizes on continuous development of Strategic Road Network (SRN) and strengthening East-West Highway (EWH), while the succeeding plan, the Three-Year Plan Approach Paper (TYPAP) 2013/14- 2015/16, aims to: (i) connect the regional centers and all 75-district headquarters; (ii) complete the Mid- Hill East-West Corridor (MHC); and (iii) strengthen the system of regular maintenance and management of road structures by providing regular maintenance of 8,300 km. and periodic maintenance of 1,500 km. roads. The Sector Wide Road Program (SWRP), Priority Investment Plan (PIP) and Strategic Road Network (SRN), currently calls for the expansion of the country’s road improvement program from 7,917 km of the country's total road length of 18,828 km, to 9,900 km by 2016.

3. The project roads are: (i) Narayanghat-Butwal (115 km - 4 lane highway) Road, and (ii) Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa Road (41.130 km). The Department of Roads (DOR) intends to improve Narayanghat-Butwal Road to an all-weather asphalt concrete four-lane Asian Highway Standard. The 41.130 km Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa road has 3 sections: Section 1: 3.68 km, km 0+00 to 3+680 (Bhairahawa-Airport); Section 2: 14.42 km, 3+680 to 18.100 (Bhairahawa Airport -Lumbini); and Section 3: 23.03 km 18+100 to 41+130 (Lumbini - Taulihawa). Section 1 will be improved from the current 2 lanes to an all-weather bituminous 4 lanes with both sides service roads while section 2 will be improved from the current 2 lanes to an all-weather bituminous 4 lanes while Section 3 will be improved from 1 lane to 2 lanes feeder road standards.

4. The Narayanghat-Butwal road is part of NH1 and AH2, the main lifeline of the central, western and mid-western territories. It also links to the Sunauli Border, the second largest trading post of Nepal through the Bhairahawa dry port. The Bhairahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa road section links to Lumbini, the birth place of Gautama Buddha, founder of Buddhism, and a world heritage site. This place is important part of the Buddhist pilgrimage. The road also connects to the Gautam Buddha International Airport in Bhairahawa.

5. About 156 km of strategic roads will be upgraded and improved under SASEC SRIP. Project roads and bridges will be upgraded to comply with applicable road standards and enhance road safety and climate resilience. The Department of Roads (DOR) intends to improve the Bhaiwahawa-Lumbini-Taulihawa sub-project road to an all-weather sealed four and double lanes feeder road standards. There will be no land acquisition since the road right-of-way is property of the government. The formation width of the roads varies from 43 m to 12 m and paved shoulders will have minimum width of 2.5 m for 6 lanes road and remaining section gravel shoulders will have minimum width of 1.5 m length of the road originating from Bhairahawa and ending at Taulihawa covering 41.130-km length. Details of the SRIP road projects has provided in table 1 below.

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Table 1: Details of SRIP Road Sub-Projects:

Commen Improvem S Contractor Completi Contract Length Road cement ent N Name on Date No (Km) Date Standard EWH, Contract yet Asian Narayanghat SRIP/ICB/ 1 – to be 64.425 Highway 4 Butwal Road, NB/01 commenced lane/3 lane section I EWH, Contract yet Asian Narayanghat SRIP/ICB/ 2 – to be 48.535 Highway 4 Butwal Road, NB/02 commenced lane/3 lane section II Feeder Bhairahawa M/S GAWAR 10th – 14th July SRIP/ICB/ Road 4 3 Lumbini Construction January 41.13 – 2017 BLT/01 lane/ 2 Taulihawa Road Limited 2022 lanes

6. The project road locations are shown in the Figure 1.

Figure 1: SASEC Road in Map of Nepal

2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS IN SRIP

7. This report is the 3rd Semi-Annual Monitoring Report on environmental safeguards compliance of the Nepal South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Road Improvement Project. It describes the implementation of environmental safeguards activities and progress covering the period from July to December 2018.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

8. The Project has been categorized as “A” consistent with the requirements of ADB SPS 2009 since one of the project components, the East West Highway Narayanghat - Butwal Section passes through boardering to the buffer zone of a Chitwan National park. The Bhairahawa - Lumbini - Taulihawa roads upgrading activities are unlikely to have significant adverse environmental impacts. Impacts, if any, will largely be short-term, reversible and manageable through appropriate mitigation measures and categorized as “B”.

3. CHANGES AND ADJUSTED SAFEGUARD MEASURES

9. The project is in the mid-way of the construction stage. As the changes and adjustment required for safeguards measures have not been observed, no changes and adjustments on safeguards measures have been done except the revised number of tree cutting along the right of way of BLT Road. The revised number of trees along the right of way found after the joint survey is 2078. Any further change in the tree cutting data will be reported.

4. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT

10. The DOR Project Directorate (PD) coordinates and ensures that all environment safeguard requirements under the project are met1. He/she may take technical assistance from GESU and DOR as and when necessary. The EMP for all subprojects is attached to respective contract documents. The contractors are liable for implementation of all items in the EMP. The DOR PD through Construction Supervision Consultant, M/s Korea Engineering Consultants Ltd. Crop. - Kyong Dong Engineering Co. Ltd JV, in association with Soil Test, MEH Consultants (P) Ltd., and MULTI – Disciplinary Consultants (P) Ltd.(CSC) monitors directly and reports on the environmental compliance of contractors with the EMP. Key implementation activities for each of sub-project are as follow: a) Pre-construction: 11. BLT’s Contractors had completed the following activities no later than 30 days from the DOR issuance of Notice to Proceed: 1.) Submit appointment letter and resume of the Contractor’s Environmental Focal Person (EFP) to CSC; 2) EFP had discussed in detail regarding the EMP with CSC's Environment Specialist (ES) and proposes revision if necessary; 3) Monitoring formats and action plan has been supplied to field personnel (EFP) which will be timely filled by them and same will be basis for of report preparation for a particular period deadlines (e.g. i- operation of crushers and hot mix plants, ii- transport and storage of hazardous materials, iii- waste disposal sites, and temporary storage location, iv) water use, v) arrangements to link with government health programs (if any at subproject level) on hygiene, sanitation, and prevention of communicable diseases etc.). b) Construction: 12. I) DOR PD through the CSC monitor Contractor’s compliance to EMP, audit construction activities, and evaluate monitoring program, II) In case of non-compliance, the contractor will be instructed to correct deficiencies applying the required corrective measures, and III) If serious unanticipated impacts happen the EMP will be updated and mitigation measures will be fix to address the new impacts as identified.

1 Project Administration Manual, SASEC Road Connectivity Road Project of GoN funded by ADB, July 2013

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Summary of Work progress until December 2018 for BLT Road is shown in Table 2a below:

Table 2a: Overall Progress of the BLT road till December 2018 Progress up to date BOQ Description of Work Item BoQ Amount Up to date Works Progress No. Amount (%) 1 General 36,671,000.00 24,000,996.68 1.41 2 Site Clearance 4,685,700.00 3,726,900.00 0.22 3 Earthworks 99,601,485.00 86,944,975.40 5.08 4 Pavement works 929,124,345.00 73,850,006.00 4.32

5 Structures 418,342,045.00 8.04 137,281,112.16 Road Furniture and 6 Traffic Safety 155,302,000.00 - - Measures Environmental 7 Mitigation work and 12,039,985.00 240,000.00 0.01 bio - engineering Schedule of Day 8 3,280,000.00 - - Works Provisional Sum 9 49,481,075.00 - - (P.S.) Total Bid Price with A 1,708,527,635.00 19.08 P.S. 326,043,990.24 Total Bid Price B 1,659,046,560.00 without P.S. (A-9) C Discount (in %), if any - Discount (in amount), D if any Total Bid Price after E 1,659,046,560.00 discount without P.S. Total Bid Price after F 1,708,527,635.00 326,043,990.24 19.08 discount with P.S. Add VAT (13%) G 222,108,592.55 42,385,718.73 (F*13%) Total Bid Price after H discount with P.S. 1,930,636,227.55 368,429,708.97 19.08 and VAT (G+F)

5. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD IMPLEMENTATION a) Environmental Clearance on IEE/EIA reports 13. Based on the IEE report of BLT road, field verification of tree cutting requirements was done, which recorded the increase in number of trees from 1890 to 2078 to be cleared for project implementation. IEE report has been revised after joint field verification. Clearance has been taken from DFO & DOF for cutting the required numbers of trees. Till

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 the reporting date, the contractor has cut a total 2055 trees with removal of 1800 roots. Now, due to monsoon rain, and delay in electricity pole shifting tree cutting is not completed. b) Capacity Building Activities 14. One Day Orientation Training of the Contract Manager, Social and Environmental Focal Person, Field Engineers, Operators, Staffs and other concerned personnel of the Contractors on "Environmental safeguards compliances including gender concerns in the road project" was provided on September 12, 2018.

15. Environmental monitoring Checklist has been prepared and handed over to EFPs for the necessary filling up and regular reporting to the CSC Environment Specialist. The contractor is regularly submitting environmental checklist to CSC Environment Specialist. Properly filled up Environmental monitoring Checklist is given in the Annex 6. c) Status of Forest Clearance 16. According to Forest Act, 2049 BS (1993) and Government Forest Work Procedure 2071 BS (2014 AD), forest clearance requires to be obtained from the Forest Offices / Department of Forest / MoFSC. Narayanghat – Butwal (EWH) of the SRIP road subprojects passes by the sides of Chitwan National Park Buffer Zone which include national and community forests and needs to obtain forestry clearance from government authority i.e. Forest Offices / DOF / MoFSC. The forestry clearance process in NB road has not yet started due to delay in mobilizing the NB Road Contractors where as forest clearance activities required following activities: 1. Joint survey for tree counting with contractor, CSC and representative from DFO and CFUG. 2. Approval taking form DFO office 3. Taging from DFO office with recording of quantity (Estimated) of timbers and woods.

17. Cuttings of total 2055 trees out of 2078 have been done along the RoW of BLT road till this reporting period. Total 1800 roots have been removed from 2055 trees cut. Remaining roots will be removed before starting the embankment works. Handover of tree logs to the DFO offices are not yet complete. The process started for handover from last week of December 2018. The handover process required separation of timber and wood, stock piling of tree logs as per forest office standard, measurement of piled woods and handover to the forest offices and verification with estimated quantity for wood and timber quantity.

Table 2b: Forest Clearance progress during July–December 2018

Progress up to December Number 2018 Contract Package Remarks of CF Progress Target Achieved (%) EWH, Narayanghat – Contract yet to be 55 0 0 0 Butwal Road I & II commenced.

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Progress up to December Number 2018 Contract Package Remarks of CF Progress Target Achieved (%) No Community Forest exist in BLT road.

Bhairahawa – Lumbini – 0 2078 2055 0 Joint survey for trees Taulihawa Road counting within RoW - (2078) has been counted by involving Forest Office.

Table 3: Overall Forest Clearance Status Status of Verification of submission Marking of process for No. of Trees to of letter to trees Name of the Cutting be cut down DFO for the (Chhapan) S.N. Road permission trees after permission by DFO Package from MoFSC Activities IEE/EIA/SEIA of tree Office for for tree approval cutting the cutting cutting EWH, Narayanghat Contract yet to 1. Not started Not started Not started Not started –Butwal be commenced. Road I EWH, Narayanghat Contract yet to 2. Not started Not started Not done Not started – Butwal be commenced. Road II 3. Bhairahawa 2055 nos. – Lumbini – All verification Permission Permission of trees 2078 Taulihawa completed. granted granted cutting Road completed

d) Compensatory plantation 18. In BLT road, for total loss of 2078 trees, a total of 51,950 compensatory plantation (CP) of seedlings has to be done at the ratio of 1:25. Compensatory plantation process is not started. Lumbini Development Trust is interested to plant compensatory plantation in their compound, discussions are going on with Forest Offices and concerned authority.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 e) Status of other local clearances 19. Approval of layout plan for campsite, quarry and crusher plant is necessary. Status of these clearance and approval is given below in table 4:

Table 4: Status of Local Clearances and Approval Clearance BLT NB Road I NB Road II Remarks details Camp construction in 7+500 is completed and some technical staff shifted and some are There are total using rental camp and of 5 camps (2 Construction Contract yet Contract yet to contractor’s camp in for officers and Camp and to be be Bhairahawa. Except that some 3 for Junior Storage site commenced. commenced. labor and junior staffs are officer and staying in 4+900, 27+500 Labor) Batching plants and 9+500 (Crushing Plant) DCC (DDC in the past) has approved the quarry sites of Tinau River, Kundri river & Contractor has Dano river. Contractor has submitted EMP started material collecting from including approved quarry sites. River quarry site materials are used for base, operation plan. Quarry sites sub-grade and pre-mix / Not started Not started batching purpose. Sub-base Lease materials have been taken agreement from the borrow pits of private copy attached landholders. Contractor is in Annex 10, looking for approval of three 11 and 12. more quarry sites for gravel boulder collection. Established at Km 9 +500 at Lease private land holder, Crusher agreement construction is completed and Not started Not started plant copy attached now crusher plant in operation in Annex-11 with labor camp facilities. Concrete Established at Km 4+900 in Lease mixing private land holder, agreement Plant/ construction is completed and Not started Not started copy attached Batching now batching plant in operation in Annex-10 plant with labor camp facilities. and 12.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 f) Awareness program 20. First round of Road Safety Awareness Campaign targeted to school children, drivers and communities has been initiated in the BLT road under the initiative of PM office by involving local organizations and traffic police. A total of 457 students and 60 drivers including local community people with locals have been oriented on road safety.

g) Spoil management 21. Spoils have been managed in specified disposal sites to the possible extent. Table 5 below shows the spoil generated from the road construction. Contractors have been instructed to prepare spoil management plan to balance cut and fill volume considering haulage, spoil disposal sites with toe walls to retain the spoil materials if necessary. Quantity shown in table 5 is based on the approved BOQ. Contractor is re-using spoils such as aggregate, broken bitumen & cements concrete and brick bats in diversion road and sub- base preparation.

Table 5: Up to date spoil for different sub-projects Dismantling Fill Volume Spoil to be Sub-Project Managed by works (m3) (m3) managed

Re-using in Contractor BLT Road 3,789 351,418 diversion and (Quantity as per sub-grade filling approved BoQ)

Need to be NB Road I 59,322 1,246,369 Contractor managed

Need to be NB Road II 66,382 560,989 Contractor managed

Note: The contract of NB road package 01 and 02 have not yet been commenced. h) Drainage management 22. Adequate and appropriate numbers of drainage structures are being provided in accordance with the design of the road in order to minimize interference and impact on natural drainage pattern of the area. Likewise, surface water discharge into farmland or risky locations and blockage or diversion of natural channels due to construction of road and disposal of spoils has been avoided. No incidents of blockage of natural streams have been reported on all road packages even though the drainage rehabilitation/ reconstruction is in process, contractor has recently started construction works and reached to pick level. Table 6 shows the list of drainage designed and progress achieved till date.

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Table 6: Major Structures with Drainage detail and progress till date Percentage Description Unit Proposed Progress till date (%) BLT Road (95% of C & G Urban section with Service Road Km 3.7 work done 95 85% embankment Rural Road without Service Road Km 14.4 85 done 69% gravel sub- Carriage way 7 m Km 23.03 69 base done 42 completed, 3 Hume Pipe culvert Nos. 45 93 units in progress RCC slab/Box Culverts Nos. 69 60 in progress 87 5000 m completed, Road side Drain Km 21.5 24.6 530 m in progress NB Road I Urban section with Service Road Km 17.6 NA 0 Rural Road without Service Road Km 42.7 NA 0 Carriage way 3 lane KM. 4.1 NA 0 Hume Pipe culvert Nos. 121 NA 0 RCC slab/Box Culverts Nos. 87 NA 0 Major Bridges Nos. 12 NA 0 Minor Bridges Nos. 19 NA 0 NB Road II Urban section with Service Road Km 11.6 NA 0 Rural Road without Service Road Km 27 NA 0 Carriage way 3 lane Km 9.9 NA 0 Hume Pipe culvert Nos. 159 NA 0 RCC slab/Box Culverts Nos. 30 NA 0 Major Bridges Nos. 9 NA 0 Minor Bridges Nos. 21 NA 0 Note: NB road Packages I & II, work not commenced yet. (NA)

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 i) Management of Dust 23. Sprinkling of water in and near the settlement area is done by the contractor. The eight water sprinkling vehicles are used to control the dust. During dry season, a major grievance of the people in the project area is dust. People regularly complained to CSC’s community mobilizer through phone call. After receiving complain from people, CSC mobilize used to contact with contractor’s environmental focal person/deputy construction manager and contractor immediately send water sprinkling vehicle to solve grievances received from people. Until now overall management of dust pollution control is found partly satisfactory. j) Slope stabilization and bioengineering activities 24. Unstable slopes that could be stabilized using the bioengineering will be identified. Identification for bioengineering activities has not yet started. Bio-engineering works in the BLT road not required except in special circumstances. Bio-engineering solution required only in the high embankment and close to the cross drainage works in the BLT road. In this contract, no such locations were observed since BLT road alignment fully passes through Terai region, where slope stabilization is not major problem, therefore bio-engineering item will be used when found applicable.

25. BLT Road: Alignment passage through Terai region, bio-engineering solution required only in high embankment and near to the cross drainage works. NB Road I: Contract Awarded but not commenced yet. NB Road II: Contract Awarded but not commenced yet. k) Rehabilitation of community infrastructures and cultural/religious sites 26. Community infrastructures especially damaged to the trail, damage stepping stairs, electric poles, water supply pipes etc. need to be reconstructed and will be continued till the completion of project, as and when required. No community infrastructure had been demolished in BLT road corridor until the reporting date. l) Quarry site management 27. Quarries are finalized and approval received from DCC (District Coordination Committee) for three quarry sites. For the use of quarry sites as mentioned in Table: 4, Environmental Focal Persons has prepared quarry operation plan and submitted to CSC. Quarrying is done from approved sites. BLT Road project is using the materials from nearby natural drains/rivers identified during detail survey. Contractors have also identified the private quarry areas (Borrow pitas) especially earth for sub-base material & embankment construction. Up to date, contractor is using three approved quarry sites for base and sub- grade material collection, which is not sufficient for present requirement. The contractor has proposed three new quarry sites in Rupandehi District for approval. Details of the approved all three-existing quarry is provided in table 4 above. m) Camp Site Management 28. Drinking water and sanitary facilities (toilets) are provided in the camps for each camp site in BLT road. In camps, workers are using LPG for cooking purpose which is obtained from local market. At present contractor is using one rental house, and 4 work camps. Workers residing in camps are facilitated with toilet and bathroom and other services

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 for women and men with satisfactory standard. Hygiene of the newly constructed camp during ADB mission visit was found to be poor. kitchen waste was found dumped in open ground. However, after suggestion received from CSC environmental consultant, they improve waste disposal system by making separate arrangement for wet (Biodegradable) and dry (Non-biodegradable/ recyclable) waste disposal bins and set to the municipal waste disposal system. Overall campsite management is partly satisfactory. Existing campsite areas from contractor and consultant are provided in table 4 above. n) Occupational health and safety (OHS) 29. Occupational health and safety measures have been partially followed. Workers have been partially provided with safety gears like helmet, facemasks, etc. It is essential to make utilization of the safety gears by the workers. With limited knowledge of using safety gears, workers are found ignoring the use. Workers group was provided with first aid kit having essential medicines and condoms however there is necessity to specifically orient and assign a focal person. Group accidental insurance has been done for all the workers. Register for accident/ sickness record for staffs and labor are mot maintained regularly. o) Signboard Placing (Erection) 30. Signboards with Project Information has been installed at Km 0+000 (Buddha Chowk, Bhairahawa; Start Point of BLT Road) and at Km 41+130 (Taulihawa; End Point of BLT Road). Furthermore, informative signs and signage are displayed where construction activities are carried out (Please refer Photo No. 4 in Annex 15). p) Grievance Redress Committees 31. Third CDC including GRM meeting has been conducted in CDO office of Rupandehi district (Bhairahawa) on 4th July 2018. Three member’s evaluation committee has presented total compensable money of NRs: 1,268,368.25 for 11 identified affected structures. Meeting has decided to distribute compensation amounts to affected persons as per rules. Minutes of meeting are attached in Annex 7.

32. First installment has been paid to the 10 families whose personal structure constructed in right of ways needs to demolish during road expansion program. One family could not submit the supporting document. First installment of total NRs. 634,184.15 has been paid to the 10 affected families. Notice has been issued for receiving of second installment of the compensation. Notice released from office is attached in Annex 9.

33. Ward level GRM committee formed in three wards along the construction corridor is operating. Minute of meeting for three ward level committee formation is attached in Annex 7.

34. All families who have already received the first installment has demolished the structures in ROW. The process has been initiated for releasing second installment after field verification.

35. Although contractor has deputed 8 water sprinkling vehicle for dust control during dry season, major grievances of the people in the project area is still dust. The control effort has not been sufficient.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 q) EMP implementation, monitoring and reporting 36. EMP implementation and monitoring in the SRIP road packages has been observed satisfactory. Implementation monitoring format has been sent to sub-project as given in Annex 5. Reporting on environmental monitoring by contractors is regular and satisfactory.

37. The Project Directorate (ADB), DoR through CSC is responsible for the regular monitoring and reporting to ADB on the implementation of environmental mitigation measures described in the EMP and the findings of the environmental monitoring. PD - ADB reviews the monitoring reports to determine if the safeguards requirements are satisfactorily met. CSC has conducted periodic site inspections to assess Contractor’s compliance to the EMP, advised the corrective measures, and reported to PD (ADB) DoR on the effectiveness of the mitigation measures and overall status of EMP implementation. Further, Contractors were asked to fill up the environmental compliance checklist that was provided earlier and submitted back to CSC regularly. r) Disclosure of Environmental Assessments and Monitoring Reports 38. PD (ADB) DoR have disclosed the reports including IEE/EIA in their respective websites in compliance to SPS 2009 information disclosure requirements. Similarly, Safeguard documents including EA Reports and Semi-Annual Monitoring Reports will be submitted by DoR for disclosure on the ADB website. s) Monitoring of Safeguards Implementation 39. PD (ADB)/ DOR assisted by Resettlement Specialist, Environmental Expert, and GESI Specialist of CSC are responsible for monitoring of the social including gender, resettlement and environment aspects of the Projects. External Social and Environmental Monitor has already been appointed to carry out independent monitoring of the implementation of the Environmental Management Plan and Social RP and GAP implementation including the Biodiversity Conservation activities under the EMP. t) Environmental Monitoring Survey 40. To conduct environmental monitoring survey, a technical and professional team has been mobilized at the last week of December 2018. The team has reported of proceeding to carry out Air and Noise survey in six locations: Two locations in Batching plants, one in Crushing plant and three locations in major market areas that are Lumbini gate Bhairahawa, Parsa chowk (Lumbini) and Pakdi Bazar. Team will collect three water samples from natural stream/river along the road corridor; Kothi , Danu river and Tinau river sample from major rivers crossing along the road alignment and two drinking water samples from contractor’s labor camps. u) Status of Wildlife Survey Process of Camera Trap Purchase 41. A meeting was held in Soil test Pvt.Ltd. Kathmandu office to fasten the process of purchase of camera trap. A quotation regarding the purchase of camera trap from Dehradun was received. Later soil test has given shipping address to “The A&S creations”. A meeting with PD office (DPD, Environmental Officer and Finance Officer) was attended regarding the process, update on the quotations and other aspects of the camera trap. Now, Soil test has

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018 worked with Bagmati suppliers, Kathmandu to process all the documents for the purchase of camera traps. Consent to purchase the camera trap was provided from PD office and ADB regional office. After meeting in PD office to discuss the reduction of cost for the purchase of camera trap, a common understanding was made based on which a letter was submitted to PD office including the revised budget for the purchase of camera trap and its accessories.

Arrival of Camera Traps and Trial in The Field 42. 32 pairs of camera trap and two Cuddeback view were arrived at Kathmandu and were sent to Team Leader Office, Gaidakot. Rechargeable batteries, chargers and SD cards were purchased. 4 pairs of Camera Trap were tested in the Thumsi forest for about 1 week in Late Nov. and Early Dec. 2018.

43. The purchase of the remaining logistic for camera trap to start the camera trap at all the five forest patches along the NB highway has been processed. The Cost Estimate for the implementation of Camera Trap is being revised for two seasons, four months, in the 2018/19.

Wildlife Sign Survey 44. Discussion meeting at PD office was attended to share the sign survey report. Brief meeting was also done with DPD regarding the status of camera trap purchase. Revised report of the sign survey was submitted to PD office through TL Office.

Review of CFOPs 45. Sixteen community Forest operational Plans were reviewed and prepared to verify the locations for installation of Camera Traps in November 2018. The information related to History, Area, Forest Types, Species Composition, Wildlife Species occurred in the forest were reviewed. There might be about 60 such CFOPs along the RoW of the NB road. This information shall be utilized for Wildlife Monitoring during the Camera Trap.

Testing of Camera Traps and Trial in The Field Completed 46. 32 pairs of camera trap and two Cuddeback view, required rechargeable batteries, chargers and SD cards were purchased. Piloting for Monitoring was done using 4 pair of camera trap in the Thumsi forest for one week in Late Nov. and Early Dec. 2018. The testing confirmed that the camera trap will be set up for night period. The charged batteries work for the night time.

47. Two sets of rechargeable batteries and charging station were established in Gaidakot. Technicians from Nepal Tiger Trust, Meghauli were hired for technical assistance. After consultation with the new district Nawalpur and concerned community forests, all the 32 pairs of camera trap at all the five forest patches along the NB highway were set up. Common Leopard, Hyena, Civet Cats were captured in the traps till this reporting period.

48. Loss of one pair of camera trap has occurred in Kawasoti Forest on 6 of Poush, 2075 BS which has been investigating by Police Officer at Nawalpur. Official report of this loss was sent to nearest Police Office Nawalpur (Bardaghat-Susta east). Though local assistant has been hired for each forest patch, the effort to recover the camera is not yet successful and the effort is going on.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

6. OVERALL COMPLIANCE WITH EMP

49. Environment engineer regularly visit the construction site, campsite, contractor’s office in average 1 to 1.5-month interval. This evaluation is performed based on average of the semi-annual rating observation. Table 7 given below shows the overall compliance status of EMP in all road packages of SRIP.

Table 7: Overall EMP compliance status of SRIP road projects S. N. Mitigation Measure FC PC NC Remarks 1 Deputation of Environment focal person 1 2 Air quality and Dust 1 3 Erosion 1 4 Hydrology and Surface Water Quality 1 5 Drinking water quality 1 Jar water supplied 6 Waste Management 1 7 Noise 1 8 Terrestrial and Aquatic Flora & Fauna NA Not Applicable 9 Historical, Heritage and Cultural Site 1 10 Work Site Safety Management 1 11 Camp and store Management 1 Some Labor not 12 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 1 used 13 Safety Training/ Orientation 1 14 Road Safety and Signboard Placement 1 Sign board faded 15 Tree Cutting and Compensatory Plantation 1 CP not started 16 Public Infrastructure Reallocation Not started 17 Addressing Grievance through GRC 1 18 Employment Generation to Local People 1 19 Spoil Management 1 20 Road Side Tree Plantation Not started 21 Bio Engineering Works Not Applicable 22 First Aid Kit Maintained at Site 1 23 Insurance of Workers 1 24 HIV/AIDS, STC Awareness Program 1 Total: 20 13 7 0 Note: FC: Full Compliance, PC: Partially Compliance, NC: Not Compliance and NA: Not applicable

50. Project has achieved 65% FC, 35% PC and 0% NC. Out of 24 indicators used for evaluation, only 20 indicators are applicable in present context, four indicators are not applicable at present. Contractor has to improve road safety measures and waste management in campsite.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

7. ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD

51. Table 8 below shows the main environmental issues and way forward for the effective implementation of environmental safeguard measures.

Table 8: Issues and corrective measures

SN ISSUE CORRECTIVE MEASURES Air Pollution and • Frequency of water sprinkling in resident and market area 1 Dust Problem requires increment during dry season. • Use of PPE need to be made compulsory to all road 2 PPE workers. Accident/ sickness • Proper Record maintaining of accident, injury, sickness 3 recording system and necessary actions taken also needs recording. • Most of signboards are faded and need to be repainted. 4 Road Safety Proper barricades required, positioned at deep cutting/ accident suspected area. Compensatory • Issue of compensatory plantation in Lumbini garden need 5 plantation in Lumbini to be solved by joint meeting with PM, DFOs, Member Garden from Lumbini Development Fund and GESI/Env. specialist • Contractor has completed drainage and base course Historical and in ,buffer zone of Lumbini Heritage site, contractor need 6 Heritage site start road metal works as soon as possible to minimize management disturbance.

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

ANNEXES (1 to 3)

Annex 1-A: Environmental Safeguard Planning Status

Annex 1-B: Environmental Safeguard Implementation Status

Annex 2: Environmental Management Cost

Annex 3: Status of Environmental Safeguard Compliances

1 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 1-A: Environmental Safeguard Planning Status

EMP Cost in Governmen Safeguard ADB Approve Environ EIA/IEE t Monitorin Automate Environme Approved d mental /DDR Approved g And d nt EIA/IEE With GRC Is Docume Screeni With EIA/IEE Coordinati Safeguard Name of Category EMP Establi nt Is S ng Is EMP Is With EMP on Monitorin Road of The (Yes / Under shed Included N Carried Prepar (Yes / Mechanis g System Packages Project / Review / Not (Yes In Out? ed Under m Customiz Subproject Yet /No) BoQ As (Yes/ (Yes/ Review / Establish ed (A/B/C/Fi) Due/Over an No) No) Not Yet ed (Yes/No) Due) Individua Submitted) (Yes/No) l Item (Yes/No) 1. BLT Road Y B Y Y Y Y Y N Y 2. NB Road I Y A Y Y Y N N N N 3. NB Road II Y A Y Y Y N N N N

A-1 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 1-B: Environmental Safeguard Implementation Status (Reporting period: July - December, 2018)

Name of Project: SASEC Road Improvement Project (SRIP)

Compliance to Environmental Management Plan* Correc tive Env. Action compli Plans ance are reporti Rem Grievances prepar Physical Biological Socio-economic ng is arks ed and maintai imple ned mente (Y/N) S Name of d N Sub-project (Y/N) Compensatory Occupational Health and Community Landslid Drainag Plantation Firewoo Safety structures are Spoil e No of e d is used Safety Labor and compensated Others No of No of Manag protectio grieva Manag Others as for Others as Gears work camps / as per grieva grievan ement n with Repla Labors nces ement per EMP cooking per EMP are are healthy reconstructed EMP nces ces compliaBio-engg Target nted are under (compli (specify) and (specify) sufficient and have (progress in % (specify docum resolve nce in (complia (Nos.) (Nos. insured proces ance in heating and sanitary of total ) ented d % nce in ) (Y/N) sing %) (Y/N) used facilities estimated %) (Y/N) (Y/N) work) 87% Not Y 1st BLT Feeder CD & 51,95 1 70% starte No No No No (75% Y Y Installment No 11 10 1 No Yes Road RSD 0 d using) Paid * EWH NB CN CN CN CN CN 2 CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC Road I C C C C C EWH NB CN CN CN CN CN 3 CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNC CNA CNC CNC CNC Road II C C C C C • Note: CNC: Contract not commenced yet. • CD: Cross Drainage Works; RSD: Road Side Drainage Works

A-2 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 2: Environmental Management Cost (NRs) Details of Provisional Sums (ICB and NCB Contracts) Budget included under BOQ & Provisional sum for environmental mitigation and Enhancement

Status of Implementation of proposed Enhancement BLT NB road I NB Road II measure/mitigations Re-allocation of passenger shades & Services 3,400,000 Bio-engineering and civil engineering structures for stabilization of the 8,189,985 (PS) 15,000,000 (PS) 15,000,000 land & Slope Compensatory tree plantation (PS) 5,091,075 6,318,922 6,318,922 Supply and erect traffic signs and safety measures 155,302,000 Relocation of services (PS) 40,090,000 136,320,000 136,320,000 Supply of safety gears to the workers (PPE) 450,000 Environment Mitigation works (Engineers instruction) (PS) 1,300,000 2,500,000 2,500,000 Not specified (Offsite verification testing by engineer) 500,000 Social compliance as instructed by engineer (PS) 2,500,000 2,500,000 2,500,000 Bio- diversity conservation & Enhancement Measure (PS) 50,000,000 Total cost for Environmental Mitigation and Enhancement 216,823,060 212,638,922 162,638,922

Note: EWH Narayanghat – Butwal Road I & II contract yet to be commenced.

A-3 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 3: Status of Environmental Safeguard Compliances

Road SN Status Environmental Compliance Measures Compliance Status Packages 1 Bhairahawa Under Camp site Layout preparation and approval Satisfactory – Lumbini – Construction Camp site Layout plan is prepared and approved. As per contractor’s Taulihawa assurance Camp site is provisioned with: Feeder Road • cooking gas, food items, electricity, water supply, waste management, transportation, and medical facilities • Effective barricading of the camp area for unauthorized access • Camp site is located in lease land of private land holder • Camp site is far from dense settlement area. • To avoid the conflict on local resources uses, contractor has provisioned the camp with its own water supply, sanitation and cooking energy. • Both the camps are facilitated with well-spaced/equipped kitchen and dining facilities restrict them from using firewood for cooking. • Regular monitoring of their activity by the Environmental Focal Person • No govt. and community forest in the 1 km periphery. • Underground water only after proper treatment is used for drinking purpose. • All the camps are facilitated with adequate toilet facilities • 1 septic tank/ soak pit toilets in Sr. staff quarter and toilet in Jr. staff quarter are of adequate sizes & 1 – 1 unit in crushing and mixing plant. • Camp sites are provided with LPG to avoid firewood dependency. • Solid wastes are segregated as decomposable and non-decomposable wastes before disposal. • Sewages from the daily activities are treated safety tank &disposal in sock pits. • Sewage is not disposed into the river courses.

A-4 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Road SN Status Environmental Compliance Measures Compliance Status Packages • All the construction related waste is disposed in designated/safe places in direct consultation with the local people and stakeholder authorities Lease agreement with land owner in case of private land and Satisfactory permission from concerned agency (VDC/Municipality Office) in case of public land • Land lease agreement has been done with the respective land owners Removal of Vegetation Clearance including tree cutting and land Satisfactory clearing activities • Avoid tree felling as far as possible to ensure the minimum loss of Tree, (Identification of public cutting (as minimum as possible) shall be done after approval. infrastructure are • Shifting of cultural properties like small temples/shrines coming within completed but the road land width to adjacent areas in consultation with local reallocation is not started community. but assurance received • Inventory of all public utilities like power transmission cables, telephone from Environment & cables, water/sewerage lines, drains, tube wells, etc., falling within road land width and arrangement for relocation/shifting to adjacent areas in safety focal person.) consultation with the respective agencies/ authorities.

Establishment of site office, officers' quarter and laboratory Satisfactory • Temporary site office with accommodation facilities is under constructed at 7+500 km and approval has been taken. • Land lease agreement has been done with all the land owners • The temporary office and storage area for construction works is located away from human settlement areas (minimum 500 m) and forest areas (minimum 1 km). However, proper mitigation measures (fencing of the construction area, water sprinkling in the dust prone areas, use of resources such as: water, fuels from the sources other than the

A-5 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Road SN Status Environmental Compliance Measures Compliance Status Packages resources being used by the locals, etc.) has been done by the contractor to avoid conflict between local people and the contractor. • Storage yard is located in private lease land • Land lease agreement has been done with the respective land owners • Restoration of the leased land shall be done after completion of construction works • Spillage and leakage of oil/lubricants are readily being cleaned/ removed immediately. • Used oils shall be stored separately and shall be sold to the scavengers. • Storage tanks are shield and informative boards are kept. • Underground water is used with proper treatment for drinking purpose. • All camps are facilitated with adequate toilet (Separate unit constructed for ladies & Gents) • Proper care shall be provided in storage of fuel tanks, oil and greases • Regular monitoring and inspection to ensure “No leakage” of flammable and hazardous materials from well trained personnel • Immediate clean-up of the leaked oil and flammable liquids • Proper fencing of the storage areas • Post placards clearly marking “fire escape route” and emergency staging area” and keep the area clear of all materials, especially hazardous and inflammable ones • Install a direct phone line with nearby Fire Department • Install siren in different locations and post “No Smoking” sign in all fire hazardous areas Quarry Site/Borrow pit construction materials, i.e., boulders, Satisfactory aggregates, earth and water for construction work • Quarry sites have been selected as per the EIA/IEE report

A-6 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Road SN Status Environmental Compliance Measures Compliance Status Packages • Adequate coordination has been done with Material Engineer/RE office and DDC office. • No material shall be burrowed unless it is approved by authorized bodies • Approval of 3 quarry sites have been taken • Proposed burrow areas are rich in boulders and gravels so topsoil restoration is not applicable. However, bank protection works are being taken into account. • No agricultural land is proposed for the material burrowing purpose. • Required water for construction is managed from the sources other than the resources currently being used by the local people. • Final lease agreement/approval with DDC has been completed and material collection from quarry sites is started. (At present, collection from quarry sites are stopped due to rainy season)

Operation of crusher plant Satisfactory • Crusher plant is located in Private lease land. Away from settlement area. ( 9+500) • Land lease agreement has been done with the respective land owners • All the construction works area are fenced for unauthorized access • Operation of crusher plant not started, (Plant under construction) • Labor camp facilitate with gas, drinking water, fan etc. Occupational Health and Safety Satisfactory • Adequate PPEs shall be provided for the workers (OHS Training Not • OHS Training. Provided) (Construction work started recently, training not provided) Mobilization of construction machineries and vehicles Satisfactory

A-7 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Road SN Status Environmental Compliance Measures Compliance Status Packages • Regular inspection and maintenance of the vehicles • Control of oil and grease leakage • All the vehicles carrying materials are covered • Regular monitoring and take necessary corrective measures if any spills are recorded • Regular monitoring to ensure no child labor and pregnant woman in construction work • Awareness program for the locals about not involving “Children & Pregnant Women at Work” • Ear plugs and mufflers are provisioned for the workers at high noise • Rotation of Work Shift to avoid long term exposure. • Underground water is used for drinking purpose after treatment. • All camps are facilitated with adequate toilet facilities • Health kits availability in the camp sites with adequate medical facilities for first aid treatment. 2 EWH NB Contract yet to Camp site Layout preparation and approval Road I &II be awarded Lease agreement with land owner in case of private land and permission from concerned agency (VDC/Municipality Office) in case of public land

Removal of Vegetation Clearance including tree cutting and land clearing activities • Establishment of temporary site office and material storage areas

A-8 SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Road SN Status Environmental Compliance Measures Compliance Status Packages Quarry Site/Borrow pit construction materials, i.e., boulders, aggregates, earth and water for construction work

Operation of crusher plant

Occupational Health and Safety

Mobilization of construction machineries and vehicles

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SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

ANNEXES (4 to 6)

Annex 4: Plantation Plan

Annex 5: Implementation Reporting Format

Annex 6: Environmental Monitoring Checklist

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 4: Plantation Plan

Development projects passing through Agriculture land and settlement areas are far from forest area. Appropriate mitigation measures have been recommended in the already approved Initial Environment Examination (IEE)/Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report and main mitigation measures related to vegetation loss, slope stabilization and pollution are compensatory plantation, roadside plantation, plantation in private land and bioengineering.

According to the Government of Nepal (2071/01/12 BS): Standard for Removing Government Trees, 2071 BS (2014 AD), each road projects has to carry out plantation (with protection for five years) at the ratio of 1:25 plants or pay for the plantation and protection cost to the concerned community forest user groups (CFUGs)/District Forest Office. In private land, trees will be planted at the ratio of 1:1. Table 1 will be used to manage the planting stock for plantation for different purposes.

Table 1: Type of plantation and planting stock Number of Costs of plants Sources of Type of plantation plants including planting Remarks needed transportation stock Compensatory 5,091,075 Verification 51,950 plantation allocated in PS completed. Road Side Allocated in 5,432 2,172,000.00 Plantation BoQ Bio-engineering and civil engineering Allocated in 9,867,185 structures for BoQ stabilization of the land & Slope

A. Compensatory plantation Requirements for plantation activities 1. Process not yet started.

B. Roadside plantation 1. Process not started C. Plantation in private land 1. Process not started

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SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 5: Implementation Reporting Format

Reporting period: Up to June 2018 Road Package: Name of Environmental Focal Person: Ramesh Ch., DCM, GAWAR Construction BLT

Rem S.N. Description Indicator Status arks IEE/EIA report 1 Completed/ongoing/proposed Completed

Awareness raising Number of events and 2 Not provided orientation training Participants Preparation of spoil disposal Done management plan Spoil disposal Volume of spoil disposed (m3) 3 0 Management Safely Remaining excavated materials 0 (m3) Toe walls for safe Not 4 disposal of Number and volume (m3) 3778 start excavated materials ed Not Location start Bioengineering 5 ed Works Area (m2) Type of measures taken Location Quarry site Rehabilitation carried out or not Not started 6 Management Volume of aggregates supplied 24,403 (m3) Number of Workers (M/F) 52 Supply of safe drinking water Yes No. of temporary toilets in camp 8 units Campsite Sites 7 Management Open defecation in percentage No Cooking energy used (fuel wood, kerosene, LPG, Yes electricity) Quality of surface Good Good 8 water observed in Polluted No road side Land slide and Type of measures taken Not done 9 erosion control Number measures Compensatory Number of plants felled Not started 10 plantation in forest Plantation carried out (number

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SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Rem S.N. Description Indicator Status arks area of plants/area in ha) Name & location of forest Plantation survival rate (%) Establishment of nursery

(number & location) Number of trees to be cut 2078 Tree cutting status 11 Number of tree fell down 2050 from community forest Number of re-plantation Not started Compensatory Number of plants felled 2050 12 plantation in private Plantation carried out (number Not started land of plants) Plantation carried out (number Not started 13 Road side plantation of plants) Location Rehabilitation of Name Not started community 14 infrastructure along Location road side Protection/ Name Not started Rehabilitation of culturally & religiously 15 sensitive spots Location (Temple, Mane, cremation sites etc.) Number of safety gears provided (helmet, facemasks 100 etc.) Use of safety gears by workers 30% in percentage First aid kit provided with 3 16 Occupational health medicines (number) & safety Replacement of medicines Accidental insurance (number done of workers) Type & number of accident Not reported Occurred Compensation provided Number of workers fallen sick

Air Pollution: Pollution monitoring as per 17 Pollution Management ‘Pollution Monitoring Plan’ Good

Date of monitoring

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SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Rem S.N. Description Indicator Status arks

Remedial measures taken up

(based on monitoring result). Dust Pollution Measures taken up for dust Yes control at site Noise Pollution Controlled Measures taken up for noise Yes control at site Number 16 18 Signboard erected Different Location locations Ever Meeting convened Number of meeting held y 19 by safeguard desk visit Environmental monitoring done Yes Grievances received Received number 11 20 and addressed Addressed number In process

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SEMI ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Annex 6: Environmental Monitoring Checklist

Bhairahawa - Lumbini – Taulihawa (BLT) Road SASEC Road Improvement Project (SRIP)

Site Location: BLT Road Construction Stage/ Stage during inspection: Construction Stage Inspection Date: 30th December 2018 Inspection Time: Morning- Evening Inspected By: Dipak Amatya Weather: Sunny (Clear Sky)

Implemented Remarks (i.e. Specify (Quantify if location good practice, possible) problems observed Inspection Item conformity and or NA Yes No proposed corrective/ * preventative actions) 1 2 3 4 5 1. Air Pollution Control 1.1 Are the construction site watered to 6 Water Spraying minimize dust generated? √ vehicles are used for dust control 1.2 Are Stoke Material of dusty Materials (Size more than 20 bags cement) covered or √ watered? 1.3 Cement debagging process undertaken They have separate in sheltered area? √ debagging shed in Batching Plant. 1.4 Are all Vehicles Carrying dusty loads covered/watered over prior to leaving the √ site? 1.5 Are demolition work area watered? (E.g.

trimming activities by using breakers?) √ 1.6 Are dusty road paved and or sprayed

with water? √ 1.7 Are dust controlled during percussive

drilling or rock breaking? √ 1.8 Are plant and equipment well 1. Km 4 +800 RHS maintained? (Any black smock observed, (Batching Plant) please indicate the plant/ equipment and 2. Km 7+400 LHS (Camp locations) office)

√ 3. Km 9+400 RHS (Crusher) 4. 27+500 RHS Batching Plant 1.9 Is dark smoke controlled from plant? NEA Power used for power supply, Diesel

√ generator used for emergency poer backup. 1.10 Are there enclosures around the main Isolated from residence

dust-generating activities? √ area.

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Implemented Remarks (i.e. Specify (Quantify if location good practice, possible) problems observed Inspection Item conformity and or NA Yes No proposed corrective/ * preventative actions) 1 2 3 4 5 1.11 Hoarding (not<2.4) provided along Partially faded color and boundaries and properly maintained (any some are damaged,

damage/opening observed, please indicate √ instructed for repair. the locations)? 1.12 Are speed control measures applied? Sign board are arranged.

(e.g. speed limit sign) √ 1.14 Are vehicle using for construction have environment clearance received for √ government (Green sticker label)? 1.13 Other (Please specify) 2. Water pollution Control 2.1 Are there any waste water discharge to Camp facilitating with the storm drains? Is the waste water being √ soak pits & temporary treated? (Camp site) site are well maintained. 2.2 Are water pollution control measures

provided properly? √ 2.3 Are sand bags /earth bund adopted to prevent washing away of sand/silt and waste

water to drain, catch pits, public road and √ footpath? 2.4 Are vehicle and plants cleaned before

leaving the sites? √ 2.5 Are wheel washing facilities well Construction in progress

maintained to prevent flooding sediment? √ 2.6 Is sand and silt settled out in wheel “ washing bay and removed? √ 2.7 Is the public road/ area around the site Some hoarding boards entrance and site hoarding kept clean and √ are worn-out, need free of muddy water? repair. 2.8 Is domestic waste water directed to Collected in separate septic tanks or chemical toilets in camp site? √ tank and connected to a soak pit. 3. Noise Control 3.1 Is the CNP (Construction Noise Permit) Works stopped during

valid for work during restricted hours? √ night time. 3.2 Are copies of the valid Construction

Noise Permit posted at site entrance/exit? √ 3.3 Do air compressor and generator Silent generator used & operate with doors closed? √ Sufficient buffer area maintained 3.4 Is idle plant/equipment turned off or

throttled down? √ 3.5 Do air compressor and handheld breakers have valid noise emission level √ (NEL)?

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(e.g. use noise barrier/enclosure)? √ area. 3.7 Are silenced equipment utilized? √ 4. Waste Management in camp 4.1 Is the site kept clean and tidy? (e.g. litter

free good housekeeping) √ 4.2 Are separate chutes used for inert and

non-inert waste? √ 4.3 Are separate labeled containers/areas provided for facilitating recycling and waste √ segregation? 4.4 Are construction wastes/recyclable wastes and general refuse removed off site √ regularly? 4.5 Are construction waste collected and Sent to Bhairahawa disposed of properly by licensed collectors? √ Municipality waste disposal system. 4.6 Are chemical waste, if any, collected and No hazardous chemical

disposed of properly by licensed collectors? √ used in this project. 4.7 Does chemical waste producer license ″ cover all major chemical waste produces on √ site? 4.8 Are chemical waste properly stored and ″ labeled? √ 4.9 Are oil drums and plant/equipment Maintenance plant not in provided with drip trays? √ operation but provision is made. 4.10 Are drip trays free of oil and water? √ ″ 4.11 Is there any oil spillage? Clean up the

contaminated soil immediately? √ 4.12 Is liter, foam or other objectionable matters in nearby water drain/sewer √ cleaned? 4.13 Are demolished waste disposed

properly? √ 4.14 Others (Please specify) 5. Storage of Chemicals and Dangerous Goods 5.1 Are chemical stored and labeled

properly? √ 5.2 Doe storage of DG complies with license No hazardous chemical conditions (include type and quantities if DG used

store is available check the DG store √ license)? 5.3 Are proper measure to control oil

spillage during maintenance or to control √

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Implemented Remarks (i.e. Specify (Quantify if location good practice, possible) problems observed Inspection Item conformity and or NA Yes No proposed corrective/ * preventative actions) 1 2 3 4 5 other chemical spillage? (e.g. provide drip trays) 5.4 Are spill kits/sand/saw dust used for absorbing chemicals spillage readily √ accessible? 5.5 Others (Please specify) 6. Protection of Flora, Fauna and Historical Heritage 6.1 Are disturbance to terrestrial flora

minimized (e.g. plants to be preserved)? √ 6.2 Are disturbance to terrestrial fauna

minimized (if rare species identified?) √ 6.3 Any historical heritage exists on site? If Sufficient distance yes, ensure appropriate measures taken to maintained from preserve it. √ Lumbini’s historical heritage site passage through buffer zone. 6.4 Is road side plantation done 2,051 trees were cut

√ down 6.5 Is compensatory plantation done? √ Not started 6.6 Others (Please specify) 1800 roots removed. 7. Resource Conservations 7.1 Is water recycled wherever possible for

dust suppression? √ 7.2 Is water pipe leakage and wastage

prevented? √ 7.3 Are diesel-powered plants and Equipment shutoff while not in use to reduce √ excessive use? 7.4 Are energy conservation practices Energy saving CFL/LED

adopted? √ light are used 7.5 Are metal or other alternatives used to LPG gas used for

minimize the use of timber? √ cooking. 7.6 Are pesticides used under the requirement of agriculture, fishers and √ Conservation Department? 7.7 Others (Please specify) 8. Emergency Preparedness and Response 8.1 Are fire extinguisher/ fighting facilities properly maintained and not expired? √ Escape not blocked/obstructed? 8.2 Are accidents and incidents reported and reviewed and corrective and preventive √ actions identified and recorded? 8.3 Are Workers provided with Personal Some labors are not Protective Equipment (PPE) like boot, √ using safety helmets. gloves, helmet?

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Implemented Remarks (i.e. Specify (Quantify if location good practice, possible) problems observed Inspection Item conformity and or NA Yes No proposed corrective/ * preventative actions) 1 2 3 4 5 8.4 Is First –Aid Kit maintained at Site? √ 8.5 Any fatal injury so far? √ 8.6 Others (Please specify) 9. Social inclusion and safety 9.1 Employment opportunity for local people √ 54 nos., 9.2 Do health and safety awareness To be conducted

program conducted (HIV /AIDS, STD)? √ 9.4 Is community infrastructure relocation Identification completed started? Specify progress status? √ Reallocation not started yet. *Note: NA (Not Applicable)

Progress status and Issue in Brief. 1. Labor camp, stone crushing plant and concrete mixing plant are in operation. 2. Batching plant is in operation and camp facilities also completed and working smoothly. 3. Identification of community infrastructure reallocation is completed but reallocation works not started yet. 4. Tree cutting progress up to date is 2,055 nos. of trees cutting completed as well as about 1800- root removal completed as reported in previous month. 5. Eight water-spiking vehicles are in operation to control dust pollution at construction site. 6. Out of 115 Cross drainage works, 95 numbers of CD work completed and 13 are in progress and 7 numbers are remaining. 7. Out of 21,500m, about 7,156 m roadside drainage works in built up areas are completed and total 11,886 m drainage pre-casting completed. 8. Process for second installment compensation started after field verification 9. Meeting with LDT and DFO about possibility of compensatory plantation in LDT’s compound. 10. Team mobilized to carryout environmental baseline survey in BLT Road.

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ANNEXES (7 to 9)

Annex 7(A-D): Grievance Redress Mechanism Meetings Minutes

Annex 8: MoM of House Compensation Committee

Annex 9: Compensation Notice Published by DoR

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Annex 7: Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) Meetings Minutes:

A: Minutes of Meeting of Ward Level GRM Committee Formation at Lumbini Sanskritik Nagarpalika Ward No. 6:

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B: Minutes of Meeting of Ward Level GRM Committee Formation at Mayadevi Ga. Pa. Ward No. 6.:

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C: Minutes of Meeting of Ward Level GRM Committee Formation at Lumbini Sanskritik Nagarpalika Ward No. 11:

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D: Minutes of Meeting of Ward Level GRM Committee Formation at Mayadevi Ga. Pa. Ward No. 8:

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Annex 8: Minutes of Meeting of House Compensation Committee:

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Annex 9: Compensation Notice Published by DoR.

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ANNEXES (10 to 13)

Annex 10: Lease Agreement for the Use Land for Contractor’s Batching

Plant at Km 4+900

Annex 11: Lease Agreement for the Use of Land for Contractor’s

Crusher Plant at Km 9+500

Annex 12: Lease Agreement for the Use of Land for Contractor’s

Batching Plant at Km 27+500

Annex 13: Contractor’s Insurance Documents

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Annex 10: Lease Agreement for the use of land for Contractor’s Batching Plant at Km 4+900.

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Annex 11: Lease Agreement for the use of land for Contractor’s Crusher Plant at Km 9+500.

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Annex 12: Lease Agreement for the use of land for Contractor’s Batching Plant at Km 27+500.

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Annex 13: Contractor’s Insurance Documents:

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ANNEX 14

Wildlife Sign Survey, June 2018

Wildlife Sign Survey Report Narayanghat-Butwal Road Project, (SRIP)

Prepared for: Department of Roads Project Directorate (ADB) ADB Loan No. 3478-Nepal

Jhamak B. Karki, PhD CSC, KECC Jv with MEH, MDC and Soil Test Pvt.Ltd

June 2018

Summary

The sign survey, conducted in May 2018, in the six of the eight forest patches along the NB highway from Gaidakot to bardaghat, produced presence of tiger in previously indicated area- Chormara to Daunne towards south from the highway in Community Forest, under the jurisdiction of Department of Forest and locally managed by communities. The information was verified by the communities confirming tiger presence as well as conflict incidences in the area. The community forest of Lokaha to kawasoti area was found utilized by rhinoceros across the highway towards north. The second largest carnivore of the lowland, common leopard pugmarks were also recorded in two of the six forest patches-Thumse to Sisnednda and Arun Khola to Belani towards north of highway respectively.

Information from the forest officials of Bardaghat indicated there is a need also do sign survey even west of Bardaghat. Their information for the forest parch between Daunne to Bardaghat and the terrain condition suggested for no sign survey at this time. Sign survey in limited routes in this section may be carried out in later season, focusing on aquatic species, small mammals and primate other than the other species of carnivore and prey species.

In few locations, potential camera trap locations were observed. Rapport with the forest officials and few community forest officials and buffer zone officials were initiated.

List of abbreviation

ADB Asian Development Bank

AH2 Asian Highway AM Ante Meridiem BZUC Buffer zone user committee CNP Chitwan National Park

CTEVT Center for Technical Education and Vocational Training KAFCOL Kathmandu forestry college M, Km Meter, Kilometer N North

NB Narayanghat – Butwal NTT National Tiger Trust PD Project Directorate PM Post Meridiem

RoW Right of Way S South SASEC South Asian Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation SPS Safeguard Policy Statement

Table of Contents Summary ...... 1 List of abbreviation ...... 2 A. Introduction ...... 5 A.1 A brief background on the project ...... 5 A. 2 Study area: ...... 6 A.3 Objective ...... 6 A.4 Limitation ...... 7 B. Methodology ...... 7 B.1. Literature review ...... 7 B.2. Field surveys, Meeting, Interaction and Stakeholder consultation ...... 7 B.2.1. Meetings to inform, take permission and plan for collaboration ...... 7 B.2.2 Sign survey ...... 8 B.2.3 Information on human casualties and livestock depredation ...... 8 C. Result ...... 9 D. Discussion ...... 11 E. Duration of the study ...... 12 f. Output of the study ...... 12 G. Budget and Logistics support ...... 12 References ...... 13

List of Tables

Table 1. Major findings of the sign survey in six forest patches along the NB highway (May 2018) ...... 9

List of Figures

Figure 1. Map of CNP showing wards of Rural municipalities and Municipalities ………………...5 Figure 2. Google map of CNP buffer zone and forest area of Nawalparasi showing the forest corridor with potential wildlife movement ………………………………………………………………6 Figure 3. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in six forest patches in Nawalparasi District, across NB road ………………………………………………………………………………….9 Figure 4. Tiger pug mark recorded in the Chormara-Daunne forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …...………………………………………………………………………………….… 10 Figure 5. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Thumse - Sisnedanda forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.…...…………………………………………………………… 20 Figure 6. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Lokaha-Kawasoti forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …...………………………………………….………………... 20 Figure 7. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Chormara-Daunne patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …....…...……………………………………………………… 21 Figure 8. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Bhagra to Arunkhhola forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …...…………………………………………………………… 21 Figure 9. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Arunkhhola toBelhani forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …...…………………………………………………………… 22 Figure 10. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Binaya Khola to Daunne forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …...………………………………………………………… 22

List of Annexes Annex 14-1. Name, designation, institution and contact nos of person met during sign survey.15

Annex 14-2. The records of sign survey along the six forest patches across the NB highway…16 Annex 14-3. Summary of records of sign survey along the six forest patches for segments across the NB highway ……………………………………………………………………………...…17 Annex 14-4. Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in six forest patches (Thumse- Sisnedanda, Lokaha-Kawasoti, Chormara-Daunne, Bhagra to Arunkhhola, Arunkhhola to Belhani, Binaya Khola to Daunne) in Nawalparasi District, across NB road …………………….20

A. Introduction

A.1 A Brief Background on The Project

The Narayanghat – Butwal NB road is categorized as A in accordance with ADBs Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), which is part of the East West highway from Kakarvita to Gadda Chowk, part of Asian Highway (AH2) linking South Asia to Central Asia.

Under the present scope of the SASEC Road Improvement Project it is proposed to improve the two road sections i.e. Narayanghat – Butwal Road and Bhairhawa – Lumbini – Taulihawa Road. Narayanghat – Butwal road is being improved to 4-lane road in its entire length of 114 km with asphalt concrete surfacing, service roads in urban / populated sections, at grade intersection, provision of climbing lane in hill section, adding new two-lane bridges next to existing major bridges, replacing all minor bridges and culverts with 4-lane structure / bridges etc. Similarly, other road to be improved under this program is also being 4- lane partially in the Bhairahawa – Lumbini section.

The road is located adjacent to the buffer zone of the Chitwan National Park (CNP) with the edge of the road on the left-hand side forming the boundary of the buffer zone for about 24 km from km 7+000 to km 30+530 (Figure 1). The road encroaches on critical habitat of the Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), Greater One-horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), Common leopard and other wildlife.

In the Narayanghat – Butwal Road, eight forest patches with about 64 Km length of forest will be crossed by the proposed road expansion which will use 30 m Right of Way (RoW). This will impact wildlife habitat and may reduce forest for resource use by communities.

Figure 1. Map of CNP showing wards of Rural municipalities and Municipalities. 5

The existing road alignment intersects wildlife movement from chainages Km 7-11+400 (Refer: Table 1 and Figure 2).

Figure 2. Google map of CNP buffer zone and forest area of Nawalparasi showing the forest corridor with potential wildlife movement.

Wildlife sign survey was conducted after approval of the activity by PD office. The survey was conducted from 20-26 May 2018 along the six forest patches of NB road.

A.2 Study Area:

The main study area were the six forest patches on both side of the NB highway from chainage 7+00 to 66+300 (Table 1). The reconnaissance visit was also made to the other two forest patches till Brdaghat which was not used for this sign survey. Information was collected from the assistant forest officer and other staffs of the Sector Forest office, Bardaghat. The two forest patches towards south of NB highway lies in the buffer of Chitwan National Park whereas all the six forest patches towards North of NB highway and remaining 4 forest patches of the south side lies in jurisdiction of district forest area as community and national forest of Nawalparasi district.

A.3 Objective

The main objective of this sign survey was to record the presence of wildlife in summer season across the NB highway thereby to recommend the best sites for the wildlife crossings.

A.4 Limitation

I. The unexpected flash flood due to rain in the night and early morning during the second day of the field has resulted loss of some signs and stopped working for about half a day in one low land site thus team had to survey in the other site slightly upland and not flooded area. II. One of the technician from Nepal Tiger Trust and four students were utilized 4 days extensive field from morning 6 am and evening 7 PM. Thus, the total length of the transect was not attempted in general more than 1 Km. The main assumption was even if wildlife away from 1 km are there but they will come through these points to cross road to reach other side.

B. Methodology

B.1. Literature Review

Primary sources such as sign survey and information from user committees and secondary sources such as published and unpublished reports was searched to find out the potential wildlife found in the buffer zone, community forests and national forests in the Nawalparasi district along the NB road.

B.2. Field surveys, Meeting, Interaction and Stakeholder consultation

B.2.1. Meetings to inform, take permission and plan for collaboration

A request letter for the permission to conduct sign survey was made to Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation and Department of Forest. The permission letters were mailed to Chitwan National park and District Forest office Nawalparasi. Permission letter was collected from Chitwan National Park. The letter of the Sector office and Buffer zone management committee, Buffer zone user committee were handed over. Two units of GPS was received from PD office. Verbal communication and visit to sector and Ilaka forest offices were made to get permission and support to conduct sign survey in the community forest areas. Respective Sector and Ilaka Forest offices ere visited to inform the survey and receive consent. Information was gathered from the buffer zone user committee offices and contacting them over phone. More than 23 Persons were met and or contacted in this regard in in more than eleven locations (Annex 14-1). Assistant forest officers, rangers, forest guards, community forest officials, and protected area officials and buffer zone user committee officials were consulted. Local assistants were received from the respective community forests in the respective days when the wildlife technicians conducted the sign survey.

B.2.2 Sign Survey

Senior wildlife technician was hired from National Tiger Trust (NTT), West Chitwan, Meghauly and wildlife technicians were hired from Kathmandu forestry college (KAFCOL), Kathmandu. Sign survey was conducted along the both sides of NB highway, in 35.6 Km forest of six forest patches (Figure 3). Of the six, two were towards south of the highway of the buffer zone of Chitwan National Park and rest four were along the both south and north sides of the highway in the forest of district forest. In total 31 routes were surveyed, 22 toward north and 19 routes toward South of the highway from Thumse to Daunne (Table 1). In each forest patch, both side from the highway, the team walked after gathering the information on wildlife sign and enquiring presence of wildlife in these forest with whoever were present in the forest area. Every sign found, either trail or foot mark, defecation, call or direct observation were carefully identified and recorded. The information was verified with any person found in the route and later with the person met in consultation. The first patch Thumse-Sisnedanda forest starts from 7 Km of the Gaidakot. This patch is sal dominated towards north in foot hill where three survey routes were walked. Towards south, mixed and riverine forest in riverine bed where two survey routes were walked. The second forest patch starts from 26 km from Gaidakot, Lokaha to Kawasoti is dominated by sal forest, mixed forest, grassland in flat terrain where four survey routes were walked. Towards south, in flat terrain, sal forest is dominated where three survey routes were walked. The third forest patch Chormara starts from about 37 Km from Gaidakot, has Sal, mixed and riverine forest in flat terrain towards north where three survey routes were walked. In south side, sal and mixed forest and grassland in trail four routes were walked. In fifth forest patch which starts from 50 Km of Gaidakot, Arunkhola-Dumkibash has mixed and riverine forest in flat riverbed where five routes were walked towards north. In south, sal forest, mixed forest and riverine forest four routes were surveyed. In the last sixth forest patch, that starts at about 60 km from Gaidakot, sal and mixed forest in churia, three routes were surveyed towards north and in mixed forest in churia, three routes were surveyed (Annex 14-2). Other two forest patches, from the chainages 59+800 75+000 and 87+500 91+000 were traversed by vehicle twice. Information was gathered from the Bardaghat forest office. The slope moving up towards Daunne and then slope moving down from Daunne was then excluded based on the information gathered so far.

B.2.3 Information on human casualties and livestock depredation

Information on human casualties and major wildlife distribution was gathered from field offices of the district forest offices and buffer zone user committee office from Sikhrouli and Gosaibaba Buffer zone user committee (BZUC)s. This has helped to triangulate the provided indirect information of the presence of wildlife such as rhinoceros, deer species, wild boar, etc.

C. Result In first forest patch Thumse to Sisnedanda, sign survey was conducted in three rotes towards north and two routes towards south from the highway. Two of the three survey routes towards north were in Churia foot hills whereas one each in Churia and Riverine area towards south of the highway respectively (Figure 3). Scats of carnivore species (common leopard, jungle cat) and signs of sambar, rhesus macaque, wild boar, lizard was recorded in the survey routes towards north. Tracks of hog deer and jackal was recorded in riverine forest towards south (Table 1, Annexes 13-(1, 3, & 4)).

Figure 3. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in six forest patches in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.

Table 1. Major findings of the sign survey in six forest patches along the NB highway (May 2018)

Other Species Recorded in The Sign Survey Informatio Location & n S Chainages of # Of # Of Towards N The Forest Survey Survey Towards North South Patches Routes Routes from Highway from Toward Toward Highway s N s S Common leopard, Jungle Tiger killed Thumse- cat, Sambar Hog deer, human in 1 Sisnedanda 3 2 deer, wild boar, jackal Jay Shree 07+000 11+400 Rhesus bridge macaque, lizard

Other Species Recorded in The Sign Survey Informatio Location & n S Chainages of # Of # Of Towards N The Forest Survey Survey Towards North South Patches Routes Routes from Highway from Toward Toward Highway s N s S Cat species, ungulate, Spotted deer, Rhesus Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 Rhino, Wild 4 macaque, 3 26+000 31+000 boar, Rhesus Moongoos monkey e Tiger, wild boar, Wild boar, Chormara-Danda barking deer, 3 3 rhesus 4 36+700 43+300 rhesus macaque macaque Bhagra- Barking deer, wild boar, 4 Arunkhola wild boar, Red- 4 Jungle cat, 3 44+200 50+000 jungle fowl hare Barking deer, spotted Arun Khola- Wild boar, deer, Wild Belani/Dumkibas 5 Leopard, jungle 5 boar, 4 h cat, snake road Barking 50+400 59+300 kill deer, jackal Wild boar, Other Tiger Binaya Khola- ungulate, crosses 6 Daunne 3 wild boar 3 Rhesus road-as per 59+800 66+300 macaque local

Figure 4. Tiger Pug Mark recorded in the Chormara-Daunne forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.

In forest patch Lokaha to Kawasoti, three survey routes were followed towards south and four towards N of the highway respectively (Figure 3). Towards south, tracks of mongoose, rhesus monkey and other wildlife species were recorded. Dung and hoof marks of one-horned rhinoceros was recorded in two routes, signs of other wildlife recorded were spotted deer, wild boar and rhesus macaque towards north of the highway (Table 1, Annexes 13-(1,3 and 4)).

In 3rd forest patch Chormara to Daunne, seven routes were surveyed, four towards south and three towards north (figure 3). Foot mark of wild boar and defecation of rhesus macaque was observed in these routes towards south from highway. All the three routes were dominated by sal forest where pug marks of tiger (Figure 4) foot marks of wild boar, barking deer and direct observation of rhesus macaque was made.

In the fourth forest patch Bhagra to Arun Khola seven routes were surveyed, three towards south and four towards north from the highway (figure 3). Signs of wildboar, jungle cat, and hare were recorded towards south. Signs of barking deer and wildboar were recorded and direct sighting of red jungle fowl was made towards the route going north of highway (Table 1, Annexes 13-(1,3 and 4)).

In the fifth forest patch Arun Khola to Belhani, nine routes were surveyed, four towards south and five towards north from the highway (Figure 3). One riverine grassland, one mixed forest and rest two were sal dominated forest towards south. Signs of wildboar, spotted deer, barking deer and jackal foot trails were recorded towards south. Except one in riverine forest, rest four survey routes were in sal dominated forest in flat land. Signs of barking deer and wild boar, snake (road kill), and common leopard were recorded in these routes towards north of highway (Table 1, Annexes 13-(1,3 and 4)).

In the sixth forest patch Binaya Khola to Daunne, six routes were surveyed, three each in south and north from the highway in churia area (figure 3). Of the three routes of the south of the highway, one was in grassland and rest two were mixed forest towards south. Foot mark and digging signs of wild boar was recorded in these survey routes towards south. One of the survey dominated by sal forest and rest were in mixed forest towards north. Signs of wildboar, rhesus macaque, and other ungulate were recorded in these routes towards north of highway (Table 1, Annexes 13-(1,3 and 4)).

D. Discussion Few of the expected tiger and other carnivore, mega herbivore was recorded including tiger, common leopard and one horned rhinoceros. Previous occupancy survey and camera trap in 2013 have already shown the different probability of tiger occupancy in the area in which tiger sign was recorded in this survey but the area where tiger was captured in camera trap was not found in this survey (Dhakal et al. 2014). This means either our effort has to intensified if we missed the sign even if the tiger could have been using the area or the tiger has moved to other area this time, where our team have recorded sign. But there is also equal probability that the tiger may have moved outside our survey range in this season and separate tiger may have used the area where we have received sign this time. The result expected to release in July 29 and the details of that area if available can only further discuss on this aspect. Common leopard, another important carnivore for Nepal, found more sign than tiger but only towards north of the highway. It is possible that they may be using northern area only due to

possible conflict with tiger towards south but the studies have pointed that leopard can co-exists with tiger avoiding competition by temporal shift of habitat use when tiger is not using (Thapa 2011). One-horned rhinoceros had been documented using the areas both south and north in the past (personal experience while working in Chitwan NP about 6-7 years back) and was also recorded in ole forest this time too. This information was also verified by the local communities interacted during the survey and previously during the first visit with mission before Sauraha workshop in 2017. The all the tiger prey species were not recorded in this survey in this season but are expected to be captured coming winter season. Information will be supplemented from the secondary literature such as community forest operation plans and Governments tiger monitoring report.

E. Duration of The Study Six days in May 2018 (21-26 May) for field survey and June 2018 for data entry, analysis and report preparation.

F. Output of The Study • Presence of wildlife tiger, one-horned rhinoceros, common leopard, wild boar, spotted deer, sambar, hog deer, barking deer, mongoose, rhesus macaque has been recorded. • Idea for the potential locations for camera trap in future studies has been generated.

G. Budget and Logistics Support The total cost for sign survey was Rs. 63860 excluding VAT. The air ticket, logistics cost at Gaidakot for all the team members, vehicle cost, and Soil tests benefit to be added.

References

1. DNPWC 2017. Tiger Monitoring Protocol for Nepal. Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation. 2. MacKenzie, D. I., J. D. Nichols, J. A. Royle, K. H. Pollock, L. L. Bailey, and J. E. Hines. 2006. Occupancy Estimation and Modeling: Inferring Patterns and Dynamics of Species Occurrence. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, MA, USA. 3. Thapa.T.2011. Habitat Suitability Evaluation for Leopard (Panthera pardus) using Remote 4. Sensing and GIS in and around Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Ph. D. disertation, wildlife Institute of India, Saurashtra University, India 5. Dhakal, Maheshwar; Karki (Thapa), Madhuri; Jnawali, Shant Raj; Subedi, Naresh; Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu; Malla, Sabita; Lamichhane, Babu Ram; Pokheral, Chiranjibi Prasad; Thapa, Gokarna Jung; Oglethorpe, Judy; Subba, Samundra Ambuhang; Bajracharya, Pankaj Ratna and Yadav, Hemanta (2014). Status of Tigers and Prey in Nepal. Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

ANNEXES 14-1 to 14-4: Annex 14-1: Name, Designation, Institution and Contact No of Person Met During Sign Survey Annex 14-2: Location, Forest and Terrain Types and Survey Routes Used in Sign Survey Annex 14-3: The Records of Sign Survey Along the Six Forest Patches Across the NB Highway. Annex 14-4: Location and Routes of Wildlife Sign Survey in Six Forest Patches (Thumse-Sisnedanda, Lokaha-Kawasoti, Chormara-Daunne, Bhagra To Arunkhhola, Arunkhhola To Belhani, Binaya Khola To Daunne) In Nawalparasi District, Across NB Road

Annex 14-1. Name, Designation, Institution and Contact Nos. Of Person Met During Sign Survey.

SN Name Designation and Institution Contact No. Ilaka forest office, Mukundasen 1 Jyoti Koirala Asst.Forest Officer (AFO) 9846083143 2 Jagannath Poudel Office asst., Sikhrouli BZUC 9857041753 Kawasoti sector forest office, Kawasoti 3 Krishna B. Devkota Asst. Forest Officer 9852051520 4 Mrs.Chandani Devkota AFO, Maharaja Ilaka Forest, 9845123386) Kawasoti 5 Bal B. Rana Jamadar 9847484366 6 Meghnath 9867824020 Sector Forest Office, Bardaghat 7 Bharat Bhandari AFO 98450573610 Arunkhola Sector Office 8 Gyan Singh Gurung AFO 9847084038 Lamichaur BZUC 9 Basu 9840489549 Bhagra Ilaka Forest Office 10 Ganesh Chandra Devkota AFO 9851215253 11 Ishowar Wagle 9851239222 Ghiu khola CF 12 Lanimakanta Parajuli 9867858967 13 Meghnath Bhattarai 9867824020 14 Purna B. Chairperson 9847326380 15 Tara Bhattarai Secretary 9847148241 Madhyabindu SFM 16 Ramprasad Neupane Chairpesron -984714511 17 Basudev Rijal Vice-Chairperson 9847240052 18 Jayaram Bhatta Forest Guard 9814935171 Dumkibas 19 Bir B.Kumal, Dumkibas Forest guard (national forest), 9615397946, 9817514624 Sikhrouli BZUC 20 Jagannath Poudel Office Secretary 9857041753 Gosaibaba BZUC 21 Biphal Chaudhary 9847377825 Officials contacted 22 Bed B. Khdka Assistant Conservation Officer, 9741014175 Officiating CCO of CNP 23 Vijay raj Subedi DFO, DFOffiice, Nawalparasi 9855041040 24 Binaya K.Mishra Assistant Conservation Officer, 9811963826 Amaltari Sector, CNP

Annex 14-2. Location, forest and terrain types and survey routes used in sign survey

# Of # Of Survey Survey Location of The Forest, Terrain SN Routes Forest, Terrain Type Routes Forest Patches Type Towards Towards N S Thumse- Sal Forest, Foot Riverine Forest, Mixed 1 Sisnedanda 3 2 Hills Forest; Riverbed, 07+000 11+400 Sal Forest, Mixed Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 Foerst, Grassland; 4 Sal Forest, Flat Terrain 3 26+000 31+000 Flat Terrain Sal Forest, Mixed Chormara-Danda Sal Forest, Mixed Foerst, 3 Foerst; Flat Terrain, 3 4 36+700 43+300 Grassland; Trail Riverbed Sal Forest; Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 Terreain, Trail, 4 Sal Forest; Flat Terrain 3 44+200 50+000 Foot Hills Mixed, Riverine Arun Khola- Sal Forest, Mixed Forest, Forest; Flat, 5 Belani/Dumkibash 5 Riverine Forest; Trail, 4 Riverbed, Stream 50+400 59+300 Stream Bed Bed Binaya Khola- Sal Forest And 6 Daunne 59+800 Mixed Forest; 3 Mixed Forest; Churia 3 66+300 Churia

Annex 14-3. The records of sign survey along the six forest patches across the NB highway.

# Of Signs, N/S Patch Side Segment Forest Terrain Location Observation of Sign Type from No. No. No. Type Type Species Highway Common Leopard,Jungle Thumse- 1 2 1 Cat-2, Scat Sal Forest Foot Hills N Sisnedanda Sambar,Rhesus Macaque Thumse- Foot 1 2 2 Wild Boar -2 N Sisnedanda Mark Thumse- Hog Deer, Foot Riverine 1 1 1 Riverbed S Sisnedanda Jackal Mark Forest Thumse- Mixed 1 2 2 0 Foot Hills S Sisnedanda Forest Thumse- Lizard, Mixed 1 2 3 Foot Hills N Sisnedanda Ungulate Forest Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 1 1 0 Sal Forest S Terrain Ungulate, Rhesus Foot Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 1 2 Sal Forest S Macaque, Mark Terrain Moongoose Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 1 3 0 Sal Forest S Terrain Mixed Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 2 1 0 N Forest Terrain Small Cat Species-1, Spotted Deer- Mixed Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 2 2 3, Rhino-7, Scrape N Forest Terrain Wild Boar-4, Rhesus Macaque-1 Spotted Deer- Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 2 3 Hoofmark Sal Forest N 2, Rhino-1 Terrain Flat Lokaha-Kawasoti 2 2 4 Wild Boar Scrape Grassland N Terrain Rhesus Chormara-Danda 3 1 1 Dropping Sal Forest Trail S Macaque Foot Chormara-Danda 3 1 2 Wild Boar Sal Forest Trail S Mark Mixed Chormara-Danda 3 1 3 0 Trail S Forest

# Of Signs, N/S Patch Side Segment Forest Terrain Location Observation of Sign Type from No. No. No. Type Type Species Highway Foot Mixed Chormara-Danda 3 1 4 Wild Boar-2 Trail S Mark Forest Flat Chormara-Danda 3 2 1 Barking Deer Hoofmark Sal Forest N Terrain Rhesus Macaque, Direct Chormara-Danda 3 2 2 Sal Forest Riverbed N Ungulate, Wild Sighting Boar Wild Boar-4, Foot Chormara-Danda 3 2 3 Tiger-1, Sal Forest Trail N Mark Barking Deer Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 1 1 Ungulate Pelletes Sal Forest S Terrain Wild Boar-3, Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 1 2 Scrape Sal Forest S Hare-1 Terrain Wild Boar-4, Dung Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 1 3 Sal Forest S Jungle Cat-1, Smell Terrain Barking Deer, Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 2 1 Pugmark Sal Forest Foot Hills N Wildboar Jungle Fowl, Direct Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 2 2 Sal Forest N Wild Boar Sighting Terrain Barking Deer, Foot Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 2 3 Sal Forest N Wild Boar Mark Terrain Flat Bhagra-Arunkhola 4 2 4 0 Sal Forest N Terrain Jackal, Wild Arun Khola- Foot 5 1 1 Boar-2, Sal Forest Trail S Belani/Dumkibash Mark Barking Deer-1 Arun Khola- Barking Deer, Foot 5 1 2 Sal Forest Trail S Belani/Dumkibash Wild Boar-2 Mark Spotted Deer, Arun Khola- Foot Mixed 5 1 3 Wild Boar, Stream S Belani/Dumkibash Mark Forest Barking Deer Arun Khola- Foot Riverine 5 1 4 Wild Boar-4 Trail S Belani/Dumkibash Mark Grassland Small Cat Arun Khola- Foot Mixed Flat 5 2 1 Species, Wild N Belani/Dumkibash Mark Forest Terrain Boar-4 Arun Khola- Foot Mixed Flat 5 2 2 Wild Boar-1 N Belani/Dumkibash Mark Forest Terrain Arun Khola- Riverine 5 2 3 0 Riverbed N Belani/Dumkibash Forest

# Of Signs, N/S Patch Side Segment Forest Terrain Location Observation of Sign Type from No. No. No. Type Type Species Highway Arun Khola- Ungulate, Foot Mixed Flat 5 2 4 N Belani/Dumkibash Barking Deer Mark Forest Terrain Barking Deer- 3, Wboar-2, Arun Khola- Foot Mixed 5 2 5 Common Streambed N Belani/Dumkibash Mark Forest Leopard-1, Snake Roadkill Binaya Khola- 6 1 1 0 Grassland Churia S Daunne Binaya Khola- Mixed 6 1 2 Wild Boar Scrape Churia S Daunne Forest Binaya Khola- Foot Mixed 6 1 3 Wild Boar Churia S Daunne Mark Forest Binaya Khola- 6 2 1 0 Sal Forest Churia N Daunne Binaya Khola- Mixed 6 2 2 Wild Boar-3 Scrape Churia N Daunne Forest Ungulate-2, Binaya Khola- Foot Mixed 6 2 3 Rhesus Churia N Daunne Mark Forest Macaque

Annex 14-4. Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in six forest patches given below:

Figure 5. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Thumse-Sisnedanda forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.

Figure 6. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Lokaha-Kawasoti forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.

Figure 7. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Chormara-Daunne patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.

Figure 8. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Bhagra to Arunkhhola forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road.

Figure 9. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Arunkhhola toBelhani forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road

Figure 10. The Location and routes of wildlife sign survey in Binaya Khola to Daunne forest patch in Nawalparasi District, across NB road

SEMI-ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July - December 2018

Annex 15

Photographs

SEMI ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018 Annex 15: Photographs

Photo 2: Toilet and labor camp at Ch Photo 1: Trees stacked at Ilaka FO 27+500 Batching Plant. Compound Rupandehi.

Photo 4: Diversion signboard at Box Photo 3: Laying of Pre-cast Drains at Culvert Construction area. Market Areas.

Photo 6: First Aid Box placed in Photo 5: Water sprinkled in market contractor’s office at Ch 7+ 500. area with precast drainage completed both side.

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SEMI ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Photo 7: Fire extinguisher in Photo 10: Labor camp kitchen, LPG contractor’s lab. gas placed outside Kitchen room.

Photo 8: Stockpiling of Pre-cast drains Photo 11: Contractor’s labor camp at batching plant, Km 4+500. visiting with ADB mission team.

Photo 9: GESI & Environment Photo 12: Meeting with Lumbini safeguard orientation in contractor’s Development Trust for compensatory camp. plantation in their compound

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SEMI ANNUAL (ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING) REPORT 3 July-December 2018

Photo 13: Cement debagging shed at Photo 16: Sound, Humidity, Batching Plant of Contractor. temperature and air quality measuring in Pakdi Bazar

Photo 14: Silent Generator used for Photo 16: Contractor’s Batching Plant. power backup

Photo 15: 24 hrs. Air quality Photo 18: ADB Mission Visit, BLT measurement in Pakdi Bazar Raod Project.

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