STATE OF ARIZONA ARIZONA HISTORICAL ADVISORY COMMISSION
ANNUAL REPORT
1992/1993
DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY, ARCHIVES & PUBLIC RECORDS ARLENE BANSAL, DIRECTOR ARIZONA HISTORICAL ADVISORY COMMISSION ANNUAL REPORT 1992/1993
coordinated by:
Fran Simpson Administrative Assistant Arizona Department of Library, Archives & Public Records STATE OF ARIZONA ARIZONA HISTORICAL ADVISORY COMMISSION
ANNUAL REPORT
1992/1993
DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY, ARCHIVES & PUBLIC RECORDS ARLENE BANSAL, DIRECTOR
ARIZONA HISTORICAL ADVISORY COMMISSION ANNUAL REPORT 1992-1993 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Commission Mandate ...... 1 Commission Membership ...... 2 Commission Meetings ...... 2 Chair's Message ...... 3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION A WARDS Governor's Awards for Historic Preservation ...... 4 Shar lot Hall Museum ...... 5 STANDING COMMITTEE REPORTS Historic Sites Review Committee...... 6
THE AMERIND FOUNDATION, INC...... 7 STATE AGENCY HISTORIC PRESERVATION REPORTS Archaeological and Historical Society...... 7 Arizona Game and Fish Department...... 11 Commission on the Arts ...... 11 Department of Administration General Services Division ...... 12 Department of Commerce...... 13 Department of Economic Security ...... 14 Department of Emergency and Military Affairs ...... 14 Department of Library, Archives and Public Records Museum Division ...... 16 Department of Mines and Mineral Resources ...... 16 Department of Transportation...... 17 Historical Society...... 18 State Land Department ...... 22 State Parks...... 25 State Historic Preservation Office ...... 25 Office of Tourism ...... 52 STATE UNIVERSITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION REPORTS Arizona State University ...... 53 Northern Arizona University ...... 54 University of Arizona ...... 56 College of Agriculture (University of Arizona) ...... 58 AGENCIES WHICH DID NOT SUBMIT REPORTS...... 59
INTRODUCTION
ARIZONA HISTORICAL ADVISORY COMMISSION MANDATE
Statutes that define the responsibilities of the Arizona Historical Advisory Commission (AHAC) are located in A.RS. §41-861 et. seq. the State Historic Preservation Program. A.RS. §41-1352 (C) (5) (1982), directs the Commission to:
• Advise the legislature and state agencies on historic preservation matters;
• Recommend measures to the legislature and state agencies to coordinate or improve the effectiveness of historic preservation activities of state agencies and agencies of the political subdivisions of this state and other persons involved in historic preservation;
• Advise the legislature and state agencies on dissemination of information about historic preservation activities;
• Encourage, in cooperation with appropriate public and private agencies and other persons, historic preservation training and education;
• Submit a report to the Governor and the legislature annually. The report must include the performance of state agencies in their historic preservation activities;
• Maintain a Historic Sites Review Committee as mandated by State and National Historic Preservation Acts that is appointed by the State Historic Preservation Officer to provide advice and to review nominations to State and National Registers.
Membership on the Arizona Historical Advisory Commission may vary from ten to not more than twenty persons who have expertise in historic preservation, the disciplines of history, architecture and archaeology; also librarians, archivists and others involved in interpretation, research, writing or teaching of the State's heritage. Statutory commissioners include the Directors of the Arizona Historical Society, the State Museum and the State Parks and the State Historic Preservation Officer. The Director of the Department of Library, Archives and Public Records appoints other members of the Commission for staggered, three-year terms.
1 1992-1993 COMMISSION MEMBERSHIP
James E. Ayres, Chair Kenneth R. Kimsey, Vice Chair Historic Consultant U.S.D.A. Forest Service
Arlene Bansal, Ex Officio Secretary, Department of Library, Archives & Public Records LeRoy Brady, Manager Don Ryden Roadside Development Services Ryden Architects Department of Transportation Shelley Cohn, Executive Director Susan Spater Arizona Commission on the Arts Pimeria Alta Historic Society
James Garrison Philip M. Thompson, Chair State Historic Preservation Officer W.C.D., Inc. (Construction) Mac R. Harris, Director Raymond Thompson, Director Prescott Historical Society Arizona State Museum Robert A. Larkin, Consultant Kenneth Travous, Director Louis Berger & Associates Arizona State Parks Richard E. Lynch Robert A. Trennert Richard E. Lynch & Associates Arizona State University William H. Mullane Michael Weber, Executive Director Northern Arizona University Arizona Historical Society Elisabeth F. Ruffner Anne Woosley Historic Preservation Consultant Amerind Foundation
MEETINGS
The Commission met as follows:
August 21, 1992 - Sharlot Hall Museum - Prescott November 19, 1992 - The Department of Library, Archives & Public Records February 18, 1993 - The Department of Library, Archives & Public Records May 13, 1993 - The Department of Library, Archives & Public Records
2 CHAIR'S MESSAGE July 1993 By James E. Ayres
Continuing difficult economic conditions have led to additional budget reductions and further staff shortages that have resulted in uncertainty and confusion within many state agencies and institutions over the past year. In general, these conditions continue to have an adverse effect on history and historic preservation activities at every level within the state. Those entities responsible for promoting, teaching, researching, protecting, and preserving Arizona's history and historic resources, while having an increasingly difficult time of meeting their respective mandates, are, nonetheless, achieving some successes as witnessed by their annual reports included herein. The Arizona Historical Advisory Commission (AHAC) annual report for fiscal year 1992-1993 provides an overview of the most important of the many outstanding and varied programs and activities related to the broad subject of history and historic preservation in the State of Arizona. This report, our 12th, is submitted as mandated by A.RS. §41-1352 (c) (5) (1982). In addition to promoting the study of Arizona's history and supporting historic preservation generally, AHAC is assisting the Arizona Department of Transportation with its Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (!STEA) program of transportation enhancement funding. One historic preservation program reported by the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) is the Arizona Heritage Fund which has reached its stride. This funding program is supported by money from the Arizona Lottery, and is administered by the SHPO to promote the understanding and preservation of Arizona's historic resources. The 70-30 and 60-40 matching grants have proven to be very successful, not only in helping to preserve part of our past, but in helping to stabilize and unite neighborhoods and communities throughout the state. The economic impact of the grants is much larger than their dollar amount; they create demand for skilled labor and otherwise provide employment for individuals with a wide variety of training and experience. Many communities in Arizona have benefitted from this program. In January 1993, Sharon G. Womack, Director of the Department of Library, Archives and Public Records, died following several years of illness. Sharon, under whose auspices AHAC functioned for 14 years, provided unstinting support and encouragement to the commission. We will miss her. Preparation of the 1992-1993 annual report was made possible through the efforts of commission members and other individuals, reporting agencies and organizations, and Arlene Bansal, Director of the Department of Library, Archives and Public Records. Fran Simpson, who serves as the commission's secretary, once again bore the responsibility to compile this report. Her dedication and sense of commitment to the commission is gratefully acknowledged.
3 1993 GOVERNOR'S AWARDS FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION Reported by Jim Garrison
The 1993 Historic Preservation Governor's Awards were announced on May 14 at the University Club in Phoenix. For the first time, the winners of the awards were not announced before the ceremony. Finalists had to wait for the results until they were read the night of the awards. Rita Pearson, Director of the Department of Water Resources, as the Governor's representative, announced the winners in each of the five categories. Grady Gammage Jr. acted as master of ceremonies and gave background on all finalists.
Reba Wells, Historian with the SHPO, coordinated the organization of the awards event. Co-sponsors of the event were represented by Annette Napolitano and Cheryl Rexford (Arizona Preservation Foundation) and Rod Keeling and Steve Schaefer of the Arizona Main Street program. The winners of the 1993 Governor's Awards for Historic Preservation are: Educational Project - Yuma Crossing Foundation Beginning in 1991, the Yuma Crossing Foundation began educating students about awareness and stewardship of cultural, prehistoric, historic and natural resources in the Yuma area. Offering a variety of educational experiences and outreach, the program has served more than 15,000 students since its inception. Public Preservation Project - City of Douglas Railroad Station Rehabilitation This abandoned railroad station, built in 1913, was restored and rehabilitated and now houses the Douglas police department. Commercial Restoration Rehabilitation Project - Mulvenon Building, Prescott This two-story commercial building in downtown Prescott was one of the first constructed after the fire of 1900. Since its rehabilitation, it houses the Gurley Street Grill and contributes to the economic development of Prescott. Organization Award - Old Pueblo Trolley Inc., Tucson Using volunteers, donations of money, materials and services, Old Pueblo Trolley Inc. finished a 10 year project to restore historic electric trolley service to Tucson. A restored streetcar, track and overhead wires were installed and operations started in April, 1993. Individual Award - June Porter, Kingman Porter was instrumental in helping protect, preserve and rehabilitate the historic and prehistoric resources in the Kingman area. Her dedication and knowledge of grant processes, legal and health issues was of great benefit for cultural preservation in her region.
4 SHARLOT HALL MUSEUM Reported by Norm Tessman, Curator of Collections
This report summarizes the historic preservation activities of Prescott Historical Society for FY92/93.
The shake roof on the 1864 Governors' Mansion was replaced with matching funds from Heritage Grant HP-15-91. This building is the oldest structure associated with Arizona Territory still standing on its original site and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
The shake roof on the John C. Fremont house was replaced with matching funds from Heritage Grant HP-05-92. As part of the process of applying for this grant, the John C. Fremont House was nominated to the Arizona Register of Historic Places and was subsequently listed.
We applied for an FY92 Heritage Grant to restore Fort Misery. This log cabin stands on the Museum grounds where it was moved and reassembled in the 1930s. It was nominated and listed in the Arizona Register of Historic Places. This grant was not funded.
A new exhibit describing the construction and later modifications of the log 1864 Governor's Mansion was installed in the building's west room. This exhibit combines storyboard art, photos, text, period tools, and archaeological material from under the building to relate the building's history. The west room was originally an open courtyard between the two wings of the building.
The Museum wrote letters supporting the proposal for the state to acquire the Barlow-Massicks house and surrounding property near Prescott Valley for an Arizona State Park.
An Institute of Museum Services FY92 Conservation Support Grant funded construction of a trolley style hanging rack to hold the Museum's collection of rolled textiles (woven rugs, comforters, quilts, etc.). As part of this project, 154 historic textiles will be unrolled, surveyed by textile conservator Martha Windslow Grimm, photographed, and rerolled using new washed sheeting and neutral polyester plastics.
5 HISTORIC SITES REVIEW COMMITTEE Reported by Elisabeth F. Ruffner
The Historic Sites Review Committee is Arizona's Statutory National Register of Historic Places review board. The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665) as amended and the Arizona Revised Statutes 41-1352 of 1976 and 1982 amendment establish the policy and set up the procedure for a review board appointed by the State Historic Preservation Officer as a committee of the Arizona Historical Advisory Commission.
The nine members of the Arizona Historic Sites Review Committee represent the fields of history, architecture, prehistoric, and historic archaeology and related disciplines. The annually elected chairman and vice-chairman are required to be members of the Arizona Historical Advisory Commission. Current members and officers of the committee are:
Elisabeth F. Ruffner, Chair Donald Ryden, A.I.A., Vice Chair Preservation Consultant Architect Prescott Phoenix
Donald Bufkin Steve Chambers, Ph.D. Historian Historian Tucson Flagstaff
Teri Cleeland Robert Giebner Archaeologist Professor of Architecture Williams Tucson
A.E. (Gene) Rogge, Ph.D. Robert Trennert, Ph.D. Archaeologist Professor of History Phoenix Tempe
George Teague, Ph.D. Historical Archaeologist Tucson
The committee meets publicly at least three times annually, currently quarterly, to consider nominations to the National and State Registers and to recommend actions to the Historic Preservation Officer. The accuracy, detail and integrity of the nominations receive study and discussion with the members commenting from their knowledge and experience. The philosophy of the register programs as the nation's and the state's list of properties worthy of preservation is seriously discussed. No nominations have been recommended for forwarding or listing over owner dissent, and consulting occurs with property owners on an informal basis when questions are asked at the meetings of the committee.
6 Should an owner of property nominated dissent in wntmg as provided in the regulations, the Secretary of the Interior places the nominations in an eligible category, but does not place the property in the National Register. Owner concerns are always reviewed by the committee and the State Historic Preservation Office with courtesy and due respect.
THE AMERIND FOUNDATION, INC. Reported by Anne I. Woosley, Director
The Amerind Foundation is particularly pleased to announce the realization of two goals during 1993. The Hayden-Pendleton Trust was established to support research, collections, and publication in archaeology. Founded through the generosity of a private individual, the Trust will support scholars investigating a variety of themes, but especially those interested in problems of human adaptations under conditions of environmental change.
Working under the auspices of a cooperative Agreement with the Bureau of Land Management, the Foundation completed the field work stage of the Pueblo Devol Archaeological Study. Pueblo Devol, a cliff dwelling located along Bonita Creek in the Upper Gila River drainage, was most likely inhabited during the 13th century A.D. Excavations yielded many artifacts reflecting the daily life of the settlement's inhabitants. Baskets, a bow and arrows, a large quantity of plant remains, and textile fragments attest to prehistoric subsistence and clothing. The Foundation will now embark on detailed analysis of objects recovered from the site. Working with the BLM, Amerind will produce scholarly and public interest articles interpreting the prehistory of the Pueblo Devol community.
ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY Reported by Ronald H. Towner, President
The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society is a nonprofit educational organization affiliated with the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona. The Society currently publishes Kiva, the quarterly journal of Southwestern anthropology and history; distributes Glyphs, a monthly newsletter publicizing activities of the Society and other archaeological and historical organizations in the Southwest; presents monthly lectures on Southwestern cultural heritage; sponsors field trips to archaeological and historical sites; funds scholarships and grants to students and researchers; maintains a fund for educating the public about Southwestern archaeology, anthropology, and history; and helps develop the annual Arizona Archaeology Month program and schedule local Archaeology Month events. The Society sponsored the following activities during its July 1, 1992 to June 30, 1993 fiscal year.
Publications. Kiva is the quarterly journal of anthropology and history founded by the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society in 1935. As of June 30, 1993 it had 1130 subscribers worldwide. Internationally known for its excellent papers by
7 professional anthropologists and historians as well as students and avocationalists, Kiva reports on original research into prehistoric, historic, and contemporary cultures of Arizona and the greater Southwest. This year's volume of Kiva included 12 separate articles on Arizona's prehistory and history, six articles on other places in the Southwest, and its usual notes and book reviews section. The Arizona articles included a comparison of archaeology and the oral traditions of the O'Odham and Hopi tribes; new discoveries of 11,000-year-old Clovis culture sites; the race by white men to discover the Rainbow Natural Bridge in 1909; blood types of the Havasupai Indians; prehistoric demography in the Phoenix Basin; painted armbands of the ancient Sinagua culture; and articles on prehistoric ground stone tools.
During the past year the Society's newsletter, Glyphs, went to a full monthly publication schedule, from 10 issues per year previously. In addition to its regular coverage of the Society's activities, Glyphs publishes information about many other historical and archaeological events and topics.
Regular Monthly Lectures. In its 1992-1993 fiscal year the Society sponsored eleven regular monthly lectures by knowledgeable speakers on the anthropology and history of the Southwestern U.S. and other regions worldwide. These programs were presented in every month, except August, at the Society's regular monthly meetings in the University of Arizona's Harvill Auditorium. These lectures, which were attended by as many as 195 people each, were presented by speakers from the Hopi Tribe, the Museum of Northern Arizona, the National Park Service, Phoenix's Pueblo Grande City Museum, the University of Arizona, the U.S. Forest Service, and private archaeological consulting companies. Subjects of the regular monthly lectures included cultural preservation efforts of the Hopi Tribe, tree-ring dating of historical Navajo settlements, annual pilgrimages to the Sonoran village of Magdalena, rock art of southeastern Arizona, late Pleistocene environments and cultures of the Colorado Plateau, archaeological excavations at Phoenix's Pueblo Grande Ruins and that city's second "Chinatown" community, the influence of Indian fashions on the modern fashion industry, prehistoric textiles of the Southwest, the ancient Mogollon people of east-central Arizona, and a historical look at a still-disputed archaeological find of lead crosses with Latin inscriptions near Tucson early in this century.
Field Trips. The Society's regular field trip program included 10 archaeological and historical site tours in FY 1992-1993. Arizona sites visited included ancestral and historical Hopi pueblos; modern Tucson shrines; ancient rock art sites near Tucson; Paleoindian mammoth-hunting sites in the San Pedro Valley; and other archaeological sites in Tucson, along the Verde River and Oak Creek, and near Pinedale and Payson. The Society also sponsored one out of state trip to historical Navajo "pueblitos" and the Salmon Ruins in northwestern New Mexico.
Scholarships and Research Grants. Every December the Society holds a raffle to raise funds for providing grants and scholarships to researchers and students pursuing studies of Southwestern archaeology, anthropology, and history. The December 1992 raffle raised over $4,300 for this awards program, largely because of the strong
8 support of Southwestern businesses that donated gifts to be used as raffle prizes. Grand Prize "Weekends for Two" were donated by the Grand Canyon National Park Lodges, the Arizona Biltmore Resort in Phoenix, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort in Tucson, and Pack Creek Ranch (a country resort near Arches and Canyonlands National Parks) in southeastern Utah. Other prizes donated by businesses included Dinners for Two, new books (and one rare old one), modern Indian arts and crafts, and gift certificates for live theatre tickets, botanical park memberships, and floral arrangements.
From the proceeds of the December 1992 raffle the Society distributed $2,700 in scholarships and grants in the spring of 1993, allowing the remainder of the raffle donation to go into the AAHS endowment fund for scholarships and research grants. Recipients of the Society's 1993 research grants included Steven R. James ($350) for analysis of faunal remains from prehistoric sites along the upper Verde River of Arizona; Victoria D. Maurais ($300) for a study of the prehistoric copper bell trade in the greater Southwest; Carol B. Brandt ($350) for documentation of a prehistoric and historic agricultural site at Zuni, New Mexico; Gary M. Brown ($250) for dating studies of prehistoric and protohistoric Athabaskan sites in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico; Arthur G. MacWilliams ($250) to study the prehistory of Laguna Bustillos Basin in Chihuahua, Mexico; Karen C. Harry ($250) to identify sources of sands used in manufacture of prehistoric Hohokam pottery found near Marana, Arizona; and Jeffery Burton ($250) for dating a pottery known as "Adamana Brown Ware" in the Holbrook area. Two Tucson residents, Gilbert Quintero and Stephen E. Nash, were each awarded scholarships of $200 to further their studies in anthropology at the University of Arizona. Elizabeth Miksa, Lee Fratt, and Susan D. Hall were each awarded $100 travel grants to present scholarly papers at the Society for American Archaeology's annual meeting in St. Louis.
Fund for Publications in Anthropology and History. Shortly after the December 1992 death of the University of Arizona's foremost archaeologist, Dr. Emil W. Haury, members of the Society established a fund to honor this world-famous professor of anthropology. The Society's Emil W. Haury Fund will encourage and inform the public about the archaeology, anthropology, and history of the American Southwest through the support of publications such as the journal Kiva and other media. As of June 30, 1993 the Haury Fund had received 99 donations totalling $15,355. Former Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater has stepped forward to serve as the Honorary Chairman of an advisory committee to help develop the Haury Fund and to recommend how it should be used. The committee also counts among its members former U.S. Interior Secretary Stewart L. Udall and several prominent Southwestern archaeologists and anthropologists, writers and business people.
Arizona Archaeology Month. Every year the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society helps develop the statewide program and sponsors local activities for the annual Arizona Archaeology Week celebration. In 1993, this annual event was expanded to include the entire month of March to allow organizations in Arizona to sponsor more activities for the public. The featured attraction of Arizona Archaeology Month 1993 was the statewide Archaeology Fair on March 20 and 21 at the University of Arizona in Tucson. The Society was a cosponsor of this event
9 along with the State Historic Preservation Office, the Arizona State Museum, and the Southwest Archaeology Team (a nonprofit organization in Mesa). The Society provided nearly 100 volunteers to direct visitors to various fair attractions, organize and lead archaeological site tours to a major rock art site and a prehistoric Hohokam settlement near Tucson, and help with setup and breakdown of exhibits. This year's archaeology fair also included an Open House at the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, in which visitors were able to view the many collections not normally on display. The fair drew over 4,000 visitors and resulted in highly favorable press coverage for the state's cultural heritage.
During Arizona Archaeology Month 1993 the Society also sponsored nine special lectures at public libraries and neighborhood centers in Tucson and Marana. Topics of these lectures included the archaeology of Tucson and southern Arizona, Southwestern Navajo sites, Tempe's La Ciudad de Los Hornos Ruins, and Canyon de Chelly, as well as special talks on kachinas in Hopi Life, Western Apache Rock Art, and the interactions among archaeologists and Native Americans.
At the Society's regular March meeting, Arizona Archaeology Month was celebrated with the presentation of the Arizona Archaeological Advisory Commission's sixth annual "Volunteers in Archaeology Award" and the Society's annual awards. The Volunteers in Archaeology Award was presented by Professor Raymond H. Thompson, director of the Arizona State Museum, to Mr. John L. Murray of Tucson, a Society member who has donated much of his time during the past few years to conducting research at Arizona archaeological sites and helping to bring the state's fascinating archaeological heritage to the attention of the public. Mr. Murray was also the recipient of the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society's annual Victor R. Stoner Award, presented at the same meeting as the Volunteers in Archaeology Award. The Society's annual Byron S. Cummings Award for contributions to anthropological and historical research was shared by Professor Raymond H. Thompson and Dr. Vorsila L. Bohrer of Portales, New Mexico. Dr. Thompson received the Cummings Award in recognition of his long record of cultural research in Arizona and worldwide, and Dr. Bohrer received it for her significant record of studies in archaeological botany of the Southwest.
Further Information. Additional information about the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society and its programs can be obtained by writing the Society's president, Ronald H. Towner, care of the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 or by calling Mr. Towner at (602) 326-4544. ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT Reported by Duane L. Shroufe
The Arizona Game and Fish Department (Department) has no statutory authority over historical or archaeological resources within the State, but we do strive to preserve and protect those resources on our own properties and when doing cooperative projects on private and public lands. We utilize an Environmental Assessment Checklist on all activities which may impact the environment. Compliance with Executive Order 11593, Protection and Enhancement of the Cultural Environment; PL 93-291, Archaeological and Historic Preservation Act, 5- 24-74; and CEQ Guidelines, Fed Register 43 (230), 11-29-78, Sect. 1508.8 are all considered within the checklist. If it is suspected that a project may affect an archaeological, historical, or cultural site, a review and clearance is requested from the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO). All applicants for Heritage grants are also required to comply with this process.
During FY 93, the Department contracted for an archaeological survey and clearance for control structures, trails and viewing platforms at Tavasci Marsh and Tuzigoot. We acquired one property, Wenima Village which has significant archaeological resources. We are developing management plans to preserve and protect these resources.
The Department was involved with 19 major construction projects, and 11 minor projects. Construction projects involved: office expansions, hatchery renovations, boating ramps, and habitat enhancement projects, such as water catchments. All received cultural reviews, either by federal agency archaeologists, or contract archaeologists, and SHPO clearance. Most of the reviews and clearances for projects completed this year were conducted in preceding years.
COMMISSION ON THE ARTS Reported by Shelley Cohn
The Arizona Commission on the Arts is the designated agency of state government responsible for promoting and supporting the arts. Within our mission are specific programs and projects which interface with the goals of the Arizona Historical Advisory Commission. Following is a summary of the projects which have taken place during the last year which complement the goals of AHAC.
In August 1992 the State purchased the historic Corpstein Duplex as the permanent home for the Arizona Commission on the Arts.
Tribal Museums Program: In July, 1989, the Arizona Commission on the Arts received a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts to develop a technical assistance program for tribal museums statewide. Since that time the Commission has convened quarterly meetings for staffs of Arizona's growing tribal museum community. Attendance averages 40-50 participants and during includes issues of cultural preservation and technical assistance workshops on tribal museum
11 development. A second National Endowment for the Arts grants provides financial support for museum staff and projects.
Arizona: The Look of Communities is a program which offers matching grants for projects which support visual quality planning and design.
Projects supported have included: • Oracle Public Library, design for pathways • Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, design for a cultural center • Affiliation of Arizona Indian Centers, adaptive re-use of historic building for cultural facility • Kaibab Paiute Tribe, cultural facility planning
Participants in Your Town, sponsored by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, National Endowment for the Arts and the State Universities of New York, Syracuse.
Heritage Tourism Guide, in cooperation with Arizona Capitol Museum, Arizona Office of Tourism, planned for a state heritage tourism guide. Data collection is complete and presently seeking corporate underwriting for publication.
Museum Environment Test Kit: The newly equipped museum test kit has up-to date equipment for museums and exhibition facilities to check the ultra-violet light, humidity and other environmental forces in their facilities. It is available for a small fee.
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION GENERAL SERVICES DIVISION Reported by Sam P. Apostle, Assistant Director
In preparation for the construction of the ASPC-Eyman, Meadows Unit correctional facility, located in Florence, Arizona, and in compliance with the State Historical Preservation Act, the following activities and services were commissioned by the Construction Services Section:
1. Commissioned a cultural resource survey on the 160 acres compnsmg the quarter section of land on which prison is sited. The survey was completed under Arizona State Museum Permit Number 92-29.
2. Based on the results of the cultural resource survey, the Department of Administration commissioned archaeological testing and data recovery at the three (3) historical sites in the proposed construction zone.
3. The artifacts and archaeological data recovered and documented from the three (3) sites will be reposed at the University of Arizona's Arizona State Museum. The Museum will accession them into their permanent collections and curate them according to established Museum standards and procedures.
12 ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Reported by Rod Keeling
The Arizona Department of Commerce has been very active in historic preservation activities in FY 92/93. The Arizona Main Street Program has worked extensively with the State Historic Preservation Office this year.
1. Working with the SHPO, Main Street was approved for $50,000 from the Heritage Fund to be used on historic commercial buildings in Main Street communities. This money will be used for facade work on a 50/50 matching grant basis. The money was approved by the Historic Preservation Advisory Committee on a non competitive basis and may be reissued when the fund is depleted.
2. Nine of the Heritage Fund Grants went to projects in our Main Street Cities assisted by the Main Street program. The close working relationship which Main Street and SHPO have established, enables Main Street clients and historic building in rural Arizona to benefit. Projects which in the past may not have been done now have been identified by Main Street and assisted by SHPO.
3. Main Street and SHPO have worked together on increasing the participation in the Certified Local Government Program. Through joint meetings and increased education the majority of Main Street Communities are CLGs.
The State and local Main State Programs have been instrumental m the preservation and utilization of many historic structures including:
1. The Milligan House in Flagstaff 2. The freight depot in Williams 3. The old bank building in Globe 4. The Pioneer and Stone Warehouse in Casa Grande 5. The Territorial Book Trader in Tombstone
Historic surveys are now underway in two Main Street communities, Buckeye and Show Low. These surveys were made possible through Heritage Fund Grants with assistance from the Arizona Main Street Program.
Over the past year, more th1.n 25 historic structures in Main Street Communities have had significant work done to them. This work not only maintain the individual character of the local community but also ensures the preservation of the history of rural Arizona. Each of these buildings has been able to function as businesses or special purpose facilities (visitors centers, museums, city buildings, etc.). An example from the past few years is the Babbitt Building in Flagstaff which houses a sporting goods store which moved from the Flagstaff Mall.
13 Finally, Main Street assisted SHPO with the Governor's Awards for Historic Preservation. This is the second year the State Main Street Awards were presented at this event. The State Main Street program staff coordinated this year's event, which was held at the University Club in Phoenix. The event proved to be a huge success with over 150 people in attendance. The event is held each year during National Historic Preservation Week.
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY Reported by Charles E. Cowan, Director
The Arizona Department of Economic Security (ADES) appreciates this opportunity to report our historic preservation activities for the fiscal year 1992-93 as outlined below.
During state fiscal year 1993, DES worked with the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in the acquisition of land in the City of Flagstaff. The SHPO assisted us in locating qualified archaeological survey services necessary for us to meet the requirements outlined in the State Historical Preservation Act (SHPA). DES has completed the work in compliance with the SHPA, and received SHPO approval on January 14, 1993.
DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY AND MILITARY AFFAIRS Reported by James A. Moye
The Department of Emergency and Military Affairs (DEMA) provide space on Papago Park Military Reservation to the Arizona National Guard Historical Society for the Arizona Military Museum. The Arizona Military Museum is maintained and operated by volunteer members of the society. The Museum is open to the public free of charge from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. on Saturday and Sunday and on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.
FLORENCE MILITARY RESERVATION
The United States Army Corps of Engineers has conducted an archaeological survey of Florence Military Reservation and adjacent State Trust Lands held by the Arizona Army National Guard under a Special Land Use Permit. The archaeological survey of approximately 1,460 acres is part of a project to develop a program for the management of the cultural and natural resources in the training area. During the survey 51 archaeological sites were identified. These sites were assigned Arizona State Museum site survey numbers running consecutively from Arizona U:15:176 through Arizona U:15:226. Most of the sites reflect prehistoric Hohokam occupation during the Santa Cruz and Sacaton phases. The historic resources in the survey area appear to be the result of late nineteenth and early twentieth century woodcutting. The harvesting of ironwood and mesquite trees in the survey area was probably to supply charcoal to the smelters of the mining towns to the east of the project area, particularly the town of DeNoon.
14 NAVAJO DEPOT ACTIVITY
In May and June 1992 Statistical Research, under contract to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, performed a cultural survey of 1260 acres used by the military for training and bivouac sites. This field work documented four prehistoric sites, eleven historic sites and nine isolated finds. The prehistoric sites consisted of stationary grinding features and artifact scatters. Historic sites consisted of lumber camps, fence lines, trash scatters, rock features, and villages. Historic land use patterns were identified and classified into sites relating to the Overland Road, ranching, lumbering, and military activities. All sites are considered potentially eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places under criterion D, based on their potential to address important regional research issues. The National Guard is entering a Memorandum of Agreement with the State Historic Preservation Office to conduct Archaeological surveys of the "Buffer Zone". (The area between the restricted storage areas and the post perimeter fence) to develop a Cultural Resources Management Plan, with special interest in the Overland Road and the Smith Ranch, and a historic building survey. An Ethnographic Survey is also planned for the near future.
WESTERN ARMY AVIATION TRAINING SITE (W AA TS) EXTREME NORTH EAST CORNER BARRY M. GOLDWATER RANGE
The Army National Guard W AATS contracted with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to conduct a survey of three proposed helicopter gunnery ranges on the extreme northwest corner of the Barry M. Goldwater Range. The actual survey was done by Statistical Research Inc. in the spring of 1989. Of the 10,500 acres encompassed by the three ranges, 7875 or 75% were actually surveyed. Of the 106 components recorded, 93 were prehistoric and 13 were historic. Throughout prehistory passive procurement strategies, in which groups went to resources direct! y and did not manipulate or enhance the natural setting, predominated. Although utilized by all groups, such practices were most closely associated with Patayan settlement. Hohokam and Tohono O'odham settlement may also have included active procurement strategies, which involved enhancement or transformation of the surrounding landscape. Hohokam settlement, in particular appears to have evolved from a pre-classic aversion to the nonri verine, intermontane region to the embracement of its resources during the Classic period. All habitations, rock shelters, lithic quarries, mines and mining camps, ranching sites and historic trash dumps were considered potentially eligible to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Finally, two sites, a rock art site and a hunting blind, were considered not eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.
15 DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY, ARCHIVES AND PUBLIC RECORDS Museum Division Reported by Michael D. Carman
Repair work at the Arizona Hall of Fame Museum in the old Carnegie Library building has stopped for lack of funds. A few months ago, a routine inspection of the old Carnegie roof revealed that the decorative parapet over the front entrance was severely deteriorated and posed a hazard to visitors. The Department of Administration funded removal of the sandstone and the brick work that was damaged and posed a hazard above the main entrance. The available funds also provided for replacement of bricks and mortar but not the decorative sandstone finial. They plan to seek additional funds from FY93 building renewal appropriations to complete the project.
The contracts for this work were very specific about saving as much of the original sandstone materials as possible. Unfortunately, the masonry subcontractor did not read his contract and his crew reduced all the sandstone to rubble. The architect, Gerald Doyle, and the State are exploring means and extent of restitution that may be required.
The Carnegie Library main entrance is once again open. We have used all the money available and although the brick work is complete, the decorative sandstone finial that should be above the entrance awaits additional funding from the Department of Administration building renewal fund.
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES Reported by LeRoy E. Kissinger, Director
The principle activity involving historic preservation during the Fiscal Year of 1992/93 by the Department of Mines and Mineral Resources consisted of the acquisition and restoration of one H.K. Porter mine locomotive used at the Coronado Mine near Morenci in the early day mining of that area. When the work of restoration is completed, the locomotive will be relocated to the outside exhibit area of the Arizona Mining and Mineral Museum at 1502 West Washington, Phoenix. This work was made possible by the following:
1. A grant of $18,350 from the Arizona Heritage Fund.
2. Matching additional funds of $28,650 from Phelps Dodge, Morenci. Phelps Dodge Morenci had also donated the locomotive for display at the Mining and Mineral Museum.
3. Incidental donated funds from several of the mineral clubs that support the museum on a regular basis that will be used to build the track and auxiliary facilities to exhibit the locomotive. The design of the outside exhibit area is a part of those donations.
16 The objective of the restoration of the locomotive and its installation at the museum is to recount some of the more important history of mining and its social effects on Arizona. The story does not stop with what has happened in the past. Mining is, to this day, a vital link to the establishment and retention of civilization in Arizona (and the rest of the world).
The Department of Mines and Mineral Resources believes that there is no more important function it can perform than to somehow educate students, teachers, and the general public that, without mining, civilization would simply not exist. Even though there is room for argument about the disturbances of the earth which are made by mining, the world cannot survive without the minerals and products produced from minerals mined in Arizona.
It is that message and education program which the Department has for the over 50,000 visitors who come into the museum and to the Mineral Resource Information Center each year. Over 8,000 of those visitors are students and teachers from Arizona's schools.
Sometime during the Fiscal Year 1993/94 the Department will begin the restoration and installation of a mine headframe from the Boras Shaft at Bisbee. It will be installed at the west end of the Museum. This headframe was donated by the Copper Queen Branch of Phelps Dodge Mining.
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Reported by Leroy Brady
Archaeological and historic property surveys for all proposed highway undertakings continue to be coordinated for projects throughout the State. All reports are processed by ADOT through the State Historic Preservation Office in compliance with state and federal laws.
Archaeological data recovery has been completed along a stretch of the Pima Freeway on the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. Archaeological testing has been completed between McDowell Road and Shea Boulevard, along State Route 69 between Cordes Junction and Mayer, and in the Sycamore Creek Section of State Route 188. Data recovery is pending at these locations. Testing and data recovery are also occurring along the Interstate 10 frontage roads in Tucson.
Final reports have been published for excavations at Los Hornos at the junction of U.S. 60 and Interstate 10 in Tempe, and for site excavations along State Route 64 in the Kaibab Forest.
Numerous investigations were undertaken in response to heavy rains in early 1993. Projects occurred on the Gila River Indian Community where several bridges washed out as a result of flooding by the Gila River. A portion of the Historic U.S. 89A retaining wall in Jerome collapsed requiring sensitive reconstruction.
17 The Parkways, Historic and Scenic Roads Advisory Committee designated a portion of State Route 89A and Main Street from Jerome to Cottonwood as the Jerome, Clarkdale, Cottonwood Historic Road. The committee is also preparing an evaluation report to designate the remaining portions of old U.S. 66 through the towns of Holbrook, Joseph City, Flagstaff, Winslow, and Williams and the sections from Ash Fork to Seligman and Oatman to Golden Shores.
Roadside Development Services coordinated the placement of two new markers during the construction of the Sacaton Rest Area. The markers commemorate the Gadsden Purchase in both the eastbound and westbound rest areas. We also assisted Arizona Department of Transportation forces in the relocation of the Camp Crittenden marker along State Route 82.
We have continued to assist, in the coordination with the National Park Service, to develop the Juan Bautista de Anza Historic Trail, and with White Cliffs Media to gather information for the Historic Trails and Markers of Arizona publication.
Coordination through our office continues with the Department of Library, Archives and Public Records and the Arizona Historical Society to approve the text for the following markers:
Arizona and Utah/Western Arizona Railway Beale Wagon Trail Gadsden Purchase Steel Darn
ARIZONA HISTORICAL SOCIETY FIELD SERVICES OFFICE Compiled by Jay Van Orden
The mission of this office is to help Arizona's small historical museums. The primary effort to accomplish this goal is through its statutory based professional service contract outreach program.
The immediate purpose of this program is to fulfill the terms of A.RS. 41-821 (H) & (I) which instructs the Arizona Historical Society to designate, certify, and contract with local historical societies in order to encourage the collection, preservation, and interpretation of local or regional history in all areas of the state in partial fulfillment of its Mission Statement.
This Society's mission is to: "Collect, preserve, interpret and disseminate the history of Arizona, the west and northern Mexico." This organization has four museum divisions, which for the foreseeable future cannot possibly, even remotely, even with time, achieve this goal EXCEPT through its connections with the 50+ local historical organizations contributing "professionally" as part of our overall mission. In other words, when their "staff," collections, building and exhibit space, geographic service areas and visitation are combined, they then far exceed our effort to attain this lofty mission. So, it is imperative for this public institution to "connect" with these private-not-for-profit 501-c3s to save and disseminate
18 Arizona history. Additionally, the most effective instrument to bring this "connection" about, and to professionalize their procedures (read: help them do a "good" job) is with funds and the influence and advice that goes with it. Experience has proven the most effective technique to encourage and guide these largely volunteer organizations is to annually .Y.ifil.t them, evaluate and discuss their needs in their museums.
These contracts amount to grants up to $2,000 to encourage professional management of these mostly volunteer-run operations, specifically their collecting, preservation and exhibition of a portion of Arizona's history. During this reporting year, 50 mostly private, not-for-profit historical organizations have been certified to the legislature and 15 were selected for funding. This program which is historic preservation at its core, has had demonstrable success in saving the history associated with Arizona's material culture. Specifically, having previously supplied a "Registration Manual for the Small Museum" to A.H.S. museums under contract, has brought about this year's completion of inventories and permanent catalog numbering of artifacts held by many of these local historical museums. For the first time, these organizations know how many objects they have, what and where they are. Approximately one-half, or 25 museums, have yet to complete a professional level (meaning: "effective") inventory and catalog. So there is much more work to be done in this area. These contract funds also paid for conservation of several 1993 collections, by building environment controls, principally reducing light (visible and UV), thus arresting the further embrittlement and fading of organic artifacts. These are some examples of this program's historic preservation accomplishments.
RIO COLORADO DIVISION
This Division currently owns and operates three historic facilities in Yuma, and therefore maintains a great interest in historic preservation. The Division plays an active role on both local and state levels. Staff members serve on the Yuma Historic Designation Review Committee, the Yuma Main Street Project, and are constantly assisting historic house owners with information of their building, possible grant opportunities and seeking National Register nomination. Through all of these activities we encourage rehabilitating or renovating historic buildings or neighborhoods in order to foster economic growth in Yuma.
On a more basic level, we have a number of preservation related projects currently in progress. Through grants from the State Historic Preservation Office and the Arizona State Risk Management Division, we are constructing a storm drainage system in the gardens behind Century House Museum (1870s adobe, plaster and lath additions) to keep the rainwater from entering the building; we also have a State Historic Preservation Office grant to do a structural and mechanical survey of the Century House Museum in order to determine necessary repair and preservation work. The largest project for the coming years is the rehabilitation of another 1870s adobe building called the Molina Block for use as office, collection storage and public meeting space.
19 Each year the Rio Colorado Division offers walking tours of the three historic districts, and provides on request, workshops or seminars on aspects of building or collection preservation. We conduct four tours a year to historic and archaeological sites in the Yuma area. Our annual Yuma Crossing Day Living History Program offers the public an opportunity to see history reenacted by characters from the 1540s through the 1940s, and living history re-enactors on the Rio Colorado Division staff frequently provide public programs to schools and organizations. A variety of history related slide shows are available to the public for check out and use as well. We also take part in a variety of programs being offered in our community for historic building owners and operators. This year we helped to host a joint meeting of Main Street Project Managers and Certified Local Government Managers and have been providing input to the local group working on the creation of the DeAnza Trail.
SOUTHERN ARIZONA DIVISION
Southern Arizona Chapter Board of Directors sponsored a bus trip and historic tour to Ajo, Arizona on May 22 as a part of Historic Preservation Week activities. The tour included a room-by-room look at the Greenway home and guided interpretive examinations of other historic spots in the town by long time resident and expert, Forrest "Rick" Rickard. The tour was sold out and the guests got a real inside look at this historic community.
The Board also sponsored two of its popular Historic Ranch Tours. The exciting part of these tours is that private owners open their homes and ranches to give a unique opportunity to see places that are not usually open to the public. The tours increase the public's awareness of the many valuable properties which are in private hands. A definite side benefit is that the owners of these properties are encouraged by participation in the tour program to maintain the integrity of the historic resources.
Historic Ranch Tour X, November 1, 1992, went to the historic mining community of Dos Cabezas, the Faraway Ranch, and the privately owned and maintained Rancho Sacatal in the foothills of the Chiricahua Mountains.
Historic Ranch Tour XI, April 3, 1993, went to a series of ranches and historic structures which are being enclosed by urban development. The sites visited included the Escalada Ranch, the Mariposa Ranch and the Keehn's Horse Ranch in Nogales. The latter includes buildings which once functioned as a stage stop and customs house.
Fort Lowell Museum received a $8,000 grant from SHPO-Heritage Fund to install educational signage around the parade ground of historic Fort Lowell. The project is to be completed in January 1995.
The Old Fort Lowell Historic Neighborhood Association annual program, La Reunion El Fuerte Walking Tour, was a success in 1993. Over 1,200 people visited the museum as part of the program.
20 The Museum conducted 14 outreach historic lectures/ slide lectures to over 520 people. There were 42 tours of the site and museum to over 967 people.
The Sosa-Carrillo-Fremont House Museum offers walking tours and provides step-on guides for bus tours of Tucson's historic neighborhoods. Over 500 participated in this year's tours. The museum has six professional guides who provide tours October through April. Most of these guides have participated in programs sponsored by the Southern Arizona Guides Association as featured speakers. The museum also provides continuing education for guides and, on March 14th, Sharon Urban of the Arizona State Museum conducted a special workshop.
Slide programs are frequently presented to groups which visit the museum. The vast majority of these programs feature historic architecture and historic preservation. A total of 1,061 people took part in these presentations.
The museum participated in National Historic Preservation Week by presenting a free tour of the graves and monuments of important pioneers interred at Tucson's Evergreen Cemetery. The attendance at this event was 72. On November 2nd, the museum sponsored a Dia de Muertos (All Soul's Day) tour of Tucson's Holy Hope Cemetery. About 30 participants, including members of Los Descendientes de Presidio de Tucson (descendants of Spanish and Mexican pioneers) visited historic graves and monuments. Several of these were of pioneers born in Tucson when it was still part of Spain's colonial empire.
CENTRAL ARIZONA DIVISION
This unit has been totally involved in preparing the new building in Tempe for public occupancy. The staff has been processing the collections into new storage areas and developing exhibits for opening day. Thus, there have been no historic preservation activities this year to report.
NORTHERN ARIZONA DIVISION
This Division worked with the SHPO office on a variety of local projects including letters of recommendation for Heritage Fund grants in cooperation with the Flagstaff Main Street Project.
We regularly work with business owners and home owners answering questions and giving instruction on National Register information, county records and research methods and historic photographs.
This year our Archaeology Week program had to be cancelled due to the Turkey Tanks area being under 20 feet of water.
The ongoing preservation of our 85-year-old building 1s a constant historic preservation activity.
21 The most energetic historic preservation project this past year has been the Southside/Old Town Flagstaff Historic Building Survey. This project has been funded by matching grants from SHPO, the City of Flagstaff and the Northern Arizona Pioneers Historical Society. The survey includes inventory forms on 360 properties, and historic overview dealing with physical development, southside additions and the principal employers, owners and residents of these neighborhoods. This has resulted in a much better understanding of our community's ethnic diversities, origins and interactions. New Mexicans, Basques and African-Americans in Flagstaff have become the focus of the research and the stimulus for new directions in exhibition, collection and interpretation for the museum. Copies of the completed survey will be housed in all local libraries and the museum. A traveling exhibit will be completed following the survey and will travel to several schools and churches in the southside neighborhood. This has been a truly exciting project.
As a result of the survey a large number of volunteers have been trained, by the museum staff, in methods of research and preservation of our local community and its resources.
ARIZONA STATE LAND DEPARTMENT Reported by Brian W. Kenny
The State Land Department manages 9.5 million acres of Arizona Trust Land for thirteen beneficiaries. All revenues earned through sale or lease of Trust lands are paid into one of two funds-a general expendable fund and a permanent Trust fund. The majority of Trust land revenues benefit the common schools. For more information regarding the history and organization of the State Land Department, State Trust lands, the growth patterns of the permanent and expendable funds, or related issues, please consult any of the recent annual reports prepared by the Arizona State Land Department. The annual reports are available at municipal public libraries, the State Department of Library, Archives and Public Records, the office of the Secretary of State, and the State Land Department.
The Environmental Resources & Trespass (ERT) Section of the State Land Department administers programs to manage, protect, preserve and enhance the varied economic, social and scientific values associated with Trust land resources. Historic properties are one type of resource managed by the ERT staff. Historic Properties on Trust lands include: historic buildings and structures, prehistoric and historic archaeological sites, isolated archaeological features and artifacts, Traditional Cultural Properties, historic landscapes, and paleontological features and contexts. Trust lands encompass approximately 13% of the area of Arizona, and it is reported that over 20,000 historic properties (sites) were recorded on Trust lands at the end of July, 1991 (Sharon Urban, Arizona State Museum, personal communication 1992). It is estimated that approximately 1500 new historic properties are recorded each year. It also is estimated that 220,000 sites may exist on State Trust lands, and that 1,200,000 sites may exist throughout Arizona (Peter Pilles, Coconino National Forest, personal communication 1992). While public perception holds that historic resources are
22 well-documented and well-protected in Arizona, the reality is that not much is known about the distribution and nature of significant historic properties across the state.
The ERT Section of the State Land Department participated in a number of historic preservation activities during FY 1992-1993 (July 1, 1992 through June 30, 1993). This work was mandated by the Arizona Antiquities Act (ARS 41-841 thru 41-844 et seq., as amended) and the State Historic Preservation Act (ARS 41-861 thru 41-864 et seq., as amended), and guided by agency policy. The ERT Cultural Resources Manager served as point of contact for all historic preservation activities on State Trust lands, and coordinated agency activities with the Arizona State Museum (ASM), the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), the Advisory Council for Historic Preservation (ACHP), the Office of the Arizona Attorney General (AG), and other federal agencies, state agencies and political subdivisions of the State of Arizona.
The ERT Cultural Resources Manager reviewed 503 State Land disposition (sale) or lease applications during FY 92-93. As noted above, these reviews were performed in consultation with ASM and SHPO. ASM site file reviews determined if historic properties were present on select Trust land parcels, and if applicants should be compelled to conduct archaeological surveys. Consultations with ASM and SHPO helped to determine appropriate testing and mitigation strategies to be conducted prior to the disposition or lease of Trust lands containing significant historic properties. When appropriate, applicants and lessees were advised to select a State permitted cultural resources consultant to help them obtain cultural resources clearance. It is estimated that total value for all applicant-sponsored site survey, testing and mitigation activity on State Trust lands was approximately $2.2 millon dollars in FY 92-93.
The State Land Department continued a Special Land Use Permit for the development of Casa Malpais National Historic Landmark site near Springerville. This economic development project is sponsored by the Town of Springerville and the SHPO. The preservation and restoration of the site's prehistoric Great Kiva was the only known re-utilization of an historic structure on State Trust land in FY 92- 93. The State Land Department Tucson office leases office space in an historic structure, but the property is not State Trust land.
The ERT Cultural Resources Manager helped survey and document twenty six (26) historic properties on State Trust land during the year. State Land Department para archaeologists also surveyed numerous Trust properties early in the year, but the program was temporarily reduced until updated field standards could be developed in consultation with ASM and SHPO. Extensive survey work at Camp Date Creek, by volunteers from the Arizona Archaeological Society, helped the Land Department's Prescott office revise the Camp Date Creek draft nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The draft was reviewed by the ERT Cultural Resources Manager and the SHPO in FY 92-93.
23 The ERT Cultural Resources Manager and ERT staff worked diligently to reduce trespass and site vandalism in FY 92-93. Several vandalism cases were brought to County Attorneys for prosecution during the year. Notable cases included: Hardscrabble Wash in Apache County (felony convictions); Camp Date Creek in Yavapai County (guilty pleas and dismissal of case); Cerro Prieto in Pinal County (grand jury indictments); and Dripping Springs in Gila County (felony prosecution and appeals in progress). Other cases were investigated and remain open pending additional physical evidence or informant assistance. Additional vandalism reduction activities included: a site mitigation agreement among the State Land Department, the Arizona Attorney General and a party in Catalina (Pima County); the completion of site damage mitigation by a party in New River (Maricopa County); the apprehension of suspects and the cessation of illegal prospecting activities adjacent to a prehistoric site in the Altar Valley (Pima County); a joint federal-state helicopter reconnaissance of vulnerable sites on the "checkerboard" in north-eastern Arizona; the closure of illegal roads and unauthorized off-highway OHV race tracks at the Chicken Ranch Site (Pima County); the fencing of the Adamsville Site (Pinal County); the closure of roads at Secret Pass (Mohave County); and, over 1000 hours of surveillance at forty five (45) State Trust sites by Arizona Site Steward volunteers (Mary Estes, State Parks, personal communication 1993).
The Land Department was represented at Site Steward regional coordinator and training sessions. The agency also participated in consultations with Tribal communities regarding the disposition of human remains and treatment of Traditional Cultural Properties. The ERT Cultural Resources Manager advised the Governor's office regarding Traditional Cultural Properties (shrines) at Cerro Montoso and Woodruff Butte, and participated in the development and review of federal agreement documents for several major construction projects and undertakings in Arizona (Fence Lake Coal Haul Corridor, Transwestern Pipeline, Mohave Pipeline). The Cultural Resources Manager also visited schools and organizations and performed public speaking activities throughout the State during the year. The agency participated in Arizona Archaeology Month planning sessions, and conducted several public site tours during the event.
The State Land Department assisted the Conservation Law Enforcement Association by organizing and chairing a symposium on site vandalism, the Archaeological Resources Protection Act and Arizona Antiquities Act. The agency also assisted the regional historic preservation community by co- sponsoring, and supporting publicity and mailings for the 66th Anniversary Pecos Conference in Springerville.
The agency's ERT Cultural Resources Manager was appointed to serve on the Governor's Archaeology Advisory Commission (1992-1995). When the Cultural Resources Manager left State employment in April 1993, the agency continued its historic preservation responsibilities and activities under a professional personal services agreement with a consultant. Mr. Kenneth Rozen was selected to administer the agency's cultural resource programs and began his tenure on July 19, 1993.
24 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE ARIZONA STA TE PARKS Reported by Jim Garrison
The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) is a division of Arizona State Parks. The responsibilities of the office are defined in state and federal law (A.RS. 41-861- 864 and 41-511.04; and P.L. 89-665, National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended). Mandated programs include Comprehensive Historic Preservation Planning, Survey & Inventory of heritage resources, National Register nominations, Review & Compliance of federal and state undertakings, Grant Administration, Incentives Administration, Certified Local Government oversight, and Public Education.
In FY1992 there was a major change in the administration of the office. Following the May resignation of Shereen Lerner, SHPO for the past five years, State Parks conducted a nationwide search for her replacement. On November 5, 1992 Governor Symington designated James Garrison as the new SHPO. Mr. Garrison is a registered architect who has specialized in historic preservation for the last 22 years. He had been administering the CLG program at the Arizona SHPO for the last two years.
The five year plan for the Arizona Heritage Fund (AHF) for historic preservation was formally adopted by the Parks Board after 18 months of development.. Ten critical issues were identified, led by the concern over the loss or deterioration of heritage resources. Fifty goals and fifty recommendations addressed solutions to the ten issues.
Evaluation and revisions to the AHF grants program has been a major task for the SHPO. The Historic Preservation Advisory Committee (HP AC) continues to be very active in updating policy guidelines and overseeing the development of the revised program. Competitive grant funds were offered in two categories, General Grants and Education Grants. Revisions to the program were based on implementation of the five year plan.
On the following pages, we report on our activities over the past year. We urge you to look beyond the basic information to the intent of our programs. During FY1992, 14 federal grants and 42 state (Heritage Fund) grants were awarded totalling more than $1.2 million. At the same time requests to fund projects totalling more than $3.6 million were received.
During this year the staff also worked with the City of Tucson in pursuing revisions to the State Historic Property Tax law. These revisions, which became law on September 30, 1992, allow a property tax incentive for commercial income producing properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The State Historic Property Tax Reduction program for non-commercial properties has had participation significantly increased again this year.
25 Over the last year the SHPO has also worked with federal, state, county and local officials to consider the impacts of over 2,600 projects on cultural resources. 2,602 properties were added to the statewide inventory of historic and archaeological properties and property nominations were listed in the National and Arizona Registers of Historic Places.
The office continued activism in the areas of heritage education and public programming, working closely with the preservation groups throughout the state. The Site Steward program continued to mature, protecting more than 200 archaeological sites statewide. We continued to work closely with the Certified Local Government communities and to work on preservation projects across the state.
STAFFING
In FY1992, the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) staff included the following individuals.
James Garrison State Historic Preservation Officer Jim was appointed to the position of SHPO in November 1992, and is responsible for administering the many facets of the state and federal Historic Preservation Program in Arizona.
Teresa L. Hoffman DeputySHPO As Deputy SHPO, Teresa provides assistance with administration of the Historic Preservation program. She is also responsible for Arizona Archaeology Month coordination and heritage education programs, Archaeology National Register review, Archaeology Survey & Planning grants review, and liaison to the Arizona Archaeology Advisory Commission.
Vacant Architectural Projects Specialist Until his recent appointment as SHPO, Jim Garrison was responsible for the Certified Local Governments program, administering the Federal Investment Tax Credits and providing architectural technical expertise. A replacement will be hired in the near future.
Robert Gasser Compliance Coordinator Bob oversees federal and state agency compliance with laws to ensure adequate consideration of cultural resources, and coordinates the over 2,800 projects which are reviewed annually by the SHPO.
26 Ann Valdo Howard Archaeologist Ann assists with review of projects for compliance with federal, state, and local laws. She is also responsible for the Archaeology Inventory.
Jay Ziemann Preservation Planner Jay is responsible for developing the Statewide Comprehensive Preservation Plan in coordination with SHPO staff and special committees, and reviewing historic archaeology compliance projects.
Reba Wells Historian Reba is responsible for the National Register program, the State Historic Property Tax program, and Historic Preservation Week, including coordinating the Governor's Awards for Historic Preservation.
Diana Thomas Architectural Historian Diana joined the SHPO staff in May 1992. She performs historic architectural survey and compliance reviews, and manages the Historic Property Survey & Inventory program.
Cathy Johnson William Collins Brett Hill State Service Interns All interns are Arizona State University students enrolled in the History or Anthropology programs. Primary responsibilities include the historic and prehistoric inventories and libraries, public programs, State Historic Property Tax Reduction program, and the compliance log.
Carol Griffith Grants Manager As Grants Manager, Carol is responsible for oversight of historic preservation fund grants and subgrants, including Survey & Planning, Certified Local Government grants.
Deborah Fregoso Grants Assistant Debbie works in the Administrative Section of State Parks, providing assistance to our subgrantees and administering the fiscal side of the historic preservation fund.
David Guyer Heritage Fund Planner David is responsible for overseeing the development of the Arizona Heritage Fund Five Year Plan and the administration of all historic preservation Arizona Heritage Fund grants.
27 Mary Estes Resource Protection Specialist Mary administers the statewide Site Steward program, working with more than 450 volunteers and a dozen state, federal and local land managers in monitoring and protecting archaeological sites.
Diana Walls Administrative Secretary As receptionist and secretary for the SHPO, Diana coordinates staff schedules and meetings, along with performing (or carrying out) other responsibilities for SHPO staff.
HISTORIC PRESERVATION FUND GRANT PROGRAM
The HPF Program was established by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. The fund is appropriated annually from Congress to the National Park Service and then apportioned from the National Park Service to the states. State Historic Preservation Offices use part of this apportionment to run their preservation programs. The rest of the the apportionment is awarded in the form of 50/50 matching grants to private and public groups The grants enable cities, towns, Indian Tribes, state agencies and rural areas to conduct projects that identify, protect and preserve historic and archaeological properties. In 1992, the SHPO offered two types of HPF grants:
Survey and Planning (S&P) Grants allow recipients to identify, evaluate, and plan for the effective and responsible management of historically significant properties. Any community, institution, or group in Arizona may apply for S&P grants, which are commonly used to conduct historic and prehistoric resource surveys, evaluate properties for the National Register of Historic Places, prepare National Register nominations, develop preservation plans, and analyze the preservation needs of specific properties.
Certified Local Government (CLG) grants are available only to communities which participate in the CLG Program. To participate, a community must have an historic preservation commission, enact a preservation ordinance, and meet other federal and state standards. CLG grants support a wider range of preservation activities than S&P grants. For example, CLG grants may be used for the development of historic preservation education projects, testing archaeological sites to determine significance and eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places, and National Register nominations.
The total Federal allocation for Fiscal year 1992 was $503,839. Of this amount, $50,384 was available for competitive subgrants to CLGs and $44,840 for S&P subgrants. Altogether, 29 S&P applications requesting a total of $278,475 and 14 CLG applications totaling $77,100 were received in response to the 1992 Historic Preservation Fund grant solicitation. Based on SHPO recommendations, the Arizona State Parks Board approved funding for seven CLG projects totaling $50,665 and seven S&I-' projects totaling $50,090.
28 CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT GRANTS
City of Yuma $8,178 This project will prepare a National Register nomination for the Main Street Historic District and will provide additional architectural documentation on a number of the endangered buildings.
City of Phoenix $10,000 This project will result in an historic structure evaluation and determination of National Register eligibility of five WPA buildings in South Mountain Park and the development of an interpretive educational guide on these and all other WPA structures in the park.
City of Tucson $6,441 This project will provide an archaeological survey of resources in a highly visible area of the city which is being heavily impacted by development.
City of Casa Grande $2,372 The city will produce a slide/video presentation on National Register properties in Casa Grande. The presentation will be used for public education about the town's resources and the National Register of Historic Places.
City of Bisbee $12,706 This subgrant will provide the funding for a historic resources survey of Bisbee including the Warren and Lowell areas. The survey will include about 150 to 200 buildings.
City of Phoenix $5,500 Architectural and historic documentation on approximately 40 properties identified in the 1991 Rural and Estates Survey will be completed as part of this project.
City of Yuma $5,468 The City of Yuma will co-sponsor a one day CLG workshop in the spring of 1993. The workshop will focus on the roles, responsibilities, and interface between the CLGs, the Main Street Program and the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
29 SURVEY & PLANNING GRANTS
White Mountain Apache Tribe $11,000 This project will result in a master preservation and interpretive plan for the Fort Apache Historic District. The district includes approximately 25 buildings and associated resources. The plan will be used by the Tribe for local decision making in future preservation action, adaptive re-use of existing buildings, and the development of an interpretive program.
Arizona Historical Society/Northern Arizona Pioneers $10,000 Funding will be used to complete an architectural survey of an estimated 200-250 buildings in a residential ethnic neighborhood in Old Town Flagstaff. In addition a National Register nomination will be competed for the neighborhood.
Statistical Research, Inc. $8,000 The objective of the project is to conduct an intensive archaeological survey of the middle San Pedro River Valley. The survey will focus on the identification of little known archaic, prehistoric, and protohistoric sites.
Arizona State University, Dept. of Anthropology $10,000 This project will provide an intensive archaeological survey of 2.25 square miles adjacent to the Zuni River to identify and record prehistoric, protohistoric, and historic sites. A National Register nomination will also be prepared for eligible sites.
Mariah Associates $3,340 Funding will be used to carry out an intensive archaeological survey of 15 linear miles along the Santa Cruz River to identify rare protohistoric and historic Piman sites.
Yavapai Heritage Foundation $4,000 This subgrant was used to support a two-day CLG workshop and conference. Held in the summer of 1992, the conference was entitled, Historic Buildings: Safety and Access in the Nineties, and focused on issues related to Americans with Disabilities Act compliance and fire safety.
Town of Wickenburg $3,750 This project will result in a building condition assessment report on the Smokeeaters Hall and provide recommendations for restoration/ stabilization of the building.
30 ARIZONA HERITAGE FUND
On November 3, 1990 the voters of the State of Arizona passed Proposition 200 which established a $20 million Arizona Heritage Fund (AHF) for use in a variety of programs coordinated by Arizona State Parks and the Arizona Game & Fish Department. Of this total, 17 percent of the $10 million allocated to Arizona State Parks is used for local, regional, and state historic preservation projects that require funding for easements, stabilization, rehabilitation, education and preservation ordinance development, reconstruction, restoration, interpretive development, acquisition, and maintenance. The funds are administered by the Arizona State Parks Board (ASPB) through the SHPO.
Applications for the historic preservation component of the AHF were released in April 1992. Potential projects were solicited for two separate grant components: Bricks & Mortar projects, and Education projects. Completed applications were due to the SHPO on June 30, 1992. A total of 92 applications were received, with requests totalling more than $3.3 million. Seventy-eight Bricks & Mortar projects comprised the bulk of the applications, with requests totalling $3,127,945. Fourteen Education projects were received with requests totalling $231,831.
On August 12, 1992 HPAC met to consider the AHF grants for historic preservation. Thirty-five Bricks & Mortar projects totalling more than $1,100,000 and seven Education projects totalling more than $130,000 were approved by the Committee at that meeting. At its meeting on September 18, 1992, the ASPB approved the grant award recommendations as put forth by HPAC and the SHPO staff. The approved projects offer a wide array of historic preservation initiatives, from downtown revitalization, to the rehabilitation of historic neighborhoods, to the creation of programs to further educate and inform the public about the importance and value of preservation and its aesthetic, economic, political, and social ramifications. A summary of the 1992 grant awards follows.
BRICKS & MORTAR GRANTS
Project Title, Location: Grant Recipient: Grant Award:
Gila Valley Bank Rehabilitation, Globe City of Globe $44,000
Hotel San Carlos, Yuma City of Yuma $100,000
Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Depot Rehabilitation, Williams City of Williams $75,000
31 Gila River Bridge Stabilization, Clifton Greenlee County $10,780
Fort Verde State Park, Camp Verde Arizona State Parks $7,500
Las Antiguas Rehabilitation and Stabilization, Phoenix City of Phoenix $75,000
Colossal Cave Preservation Park, Tucson Pima County Board of Supervisors $15,000
Scottish Rite Cathedral, Tucson Scottish Rite Cathedral Association $69,000
10th A venue Rehabilitation, Tucson Tucson/Pima County Historical Commission $50,000
Cady Hall Restoration, Patagonia Cady Hall Restoration Committee $40,500
Santa Cruz County Courthouse, Nogales Santa Cruz County $62,250
Romero Ruin, Tucson Center for Desert Archaeology $27,561
Oracle Rehabilitation and Stabilization, Oracle Arizona State Parks $58,500
Hotel Arnold Assessment Report, Benson Benson Historic Preservation Commission $7,000
Elks Theater Rehabilitation Study, Prescott City of Prescott $4,200
32 Tombstone City Hall Rehabilitation, Tombstone City of Tombstone $14,650
Mohave County Courthouse, Kingman Mohave County $55,000
Eagles' Hall Project, Clifton Greenlee County Historical Society $6,650
Hotel Jerome Rehabilitation, Jerome Town of Jerome $26,880
Locomotive #1673, Tucson Tucson/Pima County Historical Commission $12,000
West University Historic District Rehabilitation, Tucson West University Neighborhood Association $77,000
Pluto Dome, Flagstaff Lowell Observatory $26,592
Casa Malpais Archaeological Park, Springerville Town of Springerville $37,925
Grace Lutheran Church Rehabilitation, Phoenix Neighborhood Housing Services $36,550
Rex Allen Cowboy Museum, Willcox Willcox Historic Preservation Commission $6,627
Southern Pacific Train Depot, Clifton Town of Clifton $11,180
Town of Ruby Restoration, Nogales vicinity Arizona Preservation Foundation $28,628
33 Railroad Depot Rehabilitation, Douglas City of Douglas $20,500
Sacred Heart Catholic Church, Prescott City of Prescott $35,784
Orpheum Theatre Rehabilitation, Phoenix Orpheum Theatre Foundation $21,500
Old County Jail, Bisbee City of Bisbee $16,800
Farmer/Goodwin House Structural Assessment Report, Tempe City of Tempe, Community Development Department $4,000
San Pedro Valley Arts & Historical Museum, Benson Benson Historic Preservation Commission $4,269
Knights of Pythias Hall, Prescott Yavapai Heritage Foundation $2,500
Newman Center, Tempe City of Tempe $21,877
EDUCATION GRANTS
Video Project, "Who's Minding the Past?" Southwest Archaeology Team $28,164
Taliesin West Interpretive Study, Scottsdale Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation $11,460
Historic Preservation Program, Glendale City of Glendale $1,591
34 Hopi Clan House Workshops, Hotevilla The Hopi Foundation $27,500
Ft. Lowell Historic Site Exhibit, Tucson Fort Lowell Museum/ Arizona Historical Society $8,000
Pima County Courthouse, Tucson Pima County Board of Supervisors $5,000
Historic Tombstone Walking Tour, Tombstone Tombstone Main Street $5,000
PROGRAM GRANTS
For the FY 92 program component of the AHF for historic preservation, the HPAC and the ASPB approved projects for the Site Steward Program ($10,000); Evaluation, Registration, and Context Program ($60,000); the Rural Preservation Initiative ($60,000); and the Inventory Program ($40,000). The rural preservation initiative and inventory program recognize that some communities cannot generate match due to small population size and lack of previous historic preservation activity or that certain areas of the state have been neglected and are in need of new or additional historic preservation activity. In these two types of programs, a match is not always required, but approval of the activity by the local city council, chamber of commerce, historical society, neighborhood association, etc., is required. The awards for these program components of the AHF for historic preservation follow.
RURAL PRESERVATION INITIATIVE
City of Williams $8,120 A total of 159 identified properties will be inventoried, leading to the preparation of an historic walking tour brochure.
City of Tombstone $9,500 Sixty residential properties to be inventoried as part of the National Historic Landmark review. Information collected during the inventory will be submitted to the National Park Service which will prepare a nomination.
City of Show Low $6,000 Thirty to forty properties will be inventoried as estimated by the Main Street Program coordinator.
35 City of Globe $10,000 One hundred residential properties identified by local volunteers will be inventoried.
Town of Buckeye $5,000 Fifty properties will be inventoried and a preservation plan developed which will lead to an historic preservation ordinance and potential CLG status for the town.
Key Gold and Silver Mines $6,000 In a followup study to the recently completed Gold & Silver Mining in Arizona historic context, 25 priority mining properties will be inventoried.
Key Prehistoric Irrigation Sites $5,000 Significant irrigation sites and related properties on the Salt River Indian Reservation are slated to be inventoried as a followup to the historic context study on prehistoric irrigation which was completed previously.
Rural Roadside Architecture $7,800 Seventy-eight properties based on the Automotive Context Study will be surveyed. The inventory is limited to gas stations and diners.
EVALUATION, REGISTRATION AND CONTEXT STUDIES
Development of Three Historic Context Studies $45,000 A Vernacular Architecture historic context will be developed for folk vernacular and mass vernacular buildings along with a working list of property types in Arizona. The Historic Trails context will result in a framework for identification and evaluation of Arizona's historic trails. Prehistoric Rock Art will focus on the development of a historic context for petroglyphs and pictographs in Arizona. Each of these contexts addresses current issues in historic preservation.
Barrio Historico Inventory $8,000 This inventory would provide an update of the 1976 inventory of the Barrio Historico in Tucson and identify potential additions to the historic district.
Middle Santa Cruz River Archaeological Inventory & Nomination $6,000 This project entails final inventory work and the preparation of a National Register nomination for rare protohistoric and Pima sites along the Santa Cruz River.
36 INVENTORY PROGRAM
State Inventory $12,000 Staff will produce an entry and update of historic/prehistoric resource data into the computerized State Inventory with intern assistance.
AZSITE $7,600 This project provides assistance to the Arizona State Museum in updating its widely used computerized database (AZSITE) inventory.
HABS/HAER Documentation $20,000 Proposals will be sought from institutions of higher learning to develop a summer program of documenting key heritage resources.
STATEWIDE COMPREHENSIVE PRESERVATION PLANNING
In the recent past, the development of historic context studies, which place historic and prehistoric resources within a framework of time and place and research issues or themes, has constituted a major component of the SHPO's Statewide Comprehensive Historic Preservation Plan.
To date, the following seven contexts have been completed, and copies may be attained by contacting the SHPO:
Prehistoric Irrigation in Arizona Homesteading in Arizona, 1862-1940 Lithic Sites in Arizona Basques in Arizona, From Spanish Colonial Times to the Present Commerce in Phoenix, 1870-1942 Transcontinental Railroading in Arizona Chinese in Arizona, 1870-1950
During the current year, the following studies were drafted:
Gold & Silver Mining in Arizona, 1848-1945 Blacks in Arizona, Early Settlement to 1950 Automotive Transportation in Arizona, 1900-1940 Prehistoric Non-Irrigated Agriculture
New contexts to be developed in the coming year include:
Vernacular Architecture in Arizona Arizona's Historic Trails Prehistoric Rock Art in Arizona
37 While context studies will continue to be developed, the National Park Service (NPS) is requiring that all SHPOs create a formal planning document by mid-1993. The Arizona SHPO will rely on the findings documented in the recently-completed Heritage Fund Five-Year Plan, as well as soliciting input from other constituency groups statewide. The Plan will detail the current state of historic preservation efforts at the SHPO, what the future goals of the Office should be, and which paths will most expeditiously realize those goals. The Plan will be designed to incorporate the ideas and concerns of not only the historic preservation community in Arizona, but others whose work, goals and interests may not commonly intersect historic preservation.
SURVEY AND INVENTORY PROGRAM
The Survey & Inventory Program is the basic foundation of the SHPO in identification, evaluation, and registration of historic and archaeological properties which may ultimately merit a place in the Arizona and National Registers of Historic Places. As such, the Survey and Inventory program both supports, and is supported by, all the other elements of the SHPO.
Properties are identified as a result of many of the programs in which the SHPO participates, including Survey & Planning and Certified Local Government grants, National and Arizona Registers of Historic Places, Review & Compliance, Planning, and other program areas. The SHPO also receives many inquiries from private individuals and others regarding the eligibility of their properties for the Arizona and National Registers of Historic Places.
To accomplish effective formal surveys for cultural resources, the SHPO ensures that the following standards are met:
• Fit in the state's overall preservation program
• Gather information about cultural resources needed to make decisions about additional preservation activities
• The purposes, extent, methods, techniques and expected end-results are clearly articulated before a formal survey begins
• Surveys produce inventories of historic resources and enough information about those resources to allow a comparative evaluation within appropriate historic contexts
• Data and documentation collected during surveys are accurate and thorough enough to meet the intended purpose
• Surveys are conducted by qualified professionals
38 • Survey results are put to the use for which they were intended, and are recorded and maintained in a form accessible to others
All of this activity leads to a heightened awareness in the state's population of our heritage and the need for its preservation. It provides impetus for communities to develop historic zoning and ordinances, and it leads communities and builders to consider more carefully their actions towards irreplaceable cultural resources. Sometimes this stems from potential tax advantages or tourism revenues, but more often it comes from the realization that resource preservation lends character to life through the maintenance of a unique setting.
REGISTRATION OF PROPERTIES INTO THE STA TE HISTORIC PROPERTY INVENTORY
The inventory is an actively managed data bank which is constantly being increased and modified as new information is obtained. The inventory consists of (1) the State Inventory Book, (2) paper files organized alphabetically by county, (3) USGS maps and county maps for Arizona with survey and site inventory data plotted on them, (4) computerized files, and (5) the Historic and Archaeological Libraries. The computerized archaeological property files are currently separate from the computerized historic property files due to different data requirements.
Since FY 1991, two half-time interns have assisted the SHPO staff with the help of funding from the Arizona Heritage Fund. Each intern has as his/her responsibility either the Prehistoric Inventory or the Historic Inventory; the interns are responsible for encoding survey and site data, entering these data into the computerized inventory files, and plotting the survey areas and identified properties onto the relevant maps.
ARCHITECTURE/HISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
In FY 1992, a total of 1,183 structures representing about 280,697 acres were entered into the State Inventory. Historic Inventory sites are plotted on Arizona State Highway Department county maps. As a point of interest, input from the public resulted in the addition of 145 historic properties being entered into the State Inventory and into the Historic Inventory files. In addition, after one year since the commencement of a new initiative to enter detailed data on National Register properties into the SHPO computer system, about 65 percent of this information has been entered.
PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
The Prehistoric Archaeological Inventory is a computerized inventory contammg only prehistoric properties, with historic archaeological sites and historic buildings being included within the historic property inventory. In FY 1992, a total of approximately 1,419 prehistoric archaeological properties were added to this inventory. This figure represents a substantial increase from FY 1991 in the number of properties added to the inventory. This increase is a result of having a half-time
39 intern (archaeology graduate student) updating the Prehistoric Archaeological Inventory throughout the year. This intern position is funded by the Arizona Heritage Fund.
The boundaries of 292 cultural resource survey projects conducted in FY 1992 were also entered into the computer inventory and were plotted on the USGS topographic maps; these projects represent 114,635 acres of survey coverage. All of the archaeological properties which were listed in the National Register of Historic Places during this year were also encoded and entered into the Archaeological Inventory. As part of the archaeological inventory process, all archaeological sites (including both prehistoric and historic sites) and survey areas were plotted on USGS topographic maps.
NATIONAL AND ARIZONA REGISTERS OF HISTORIC PLACES HISTORIC SITES REVIEW COMMITTEE
The Historic Sites Review Committee (HSRC) is Arizona's official National Register of Historic Places review board as mandated by state and federal law. Its nine members represent the fields of history, architecture, prehistoric and historic archaeology, and related disciplines. Members are appointed by the State Historic Preservation Officer, and the chairperson must be an Arizona Historical Advisory Commission member. The Committee reviews National Register nominations and advises the State Historic Preservation Officer on nominating properties to the National Register.
Committee members:
Elisabeth Ruffner, Chairman A.E. (Gene) Rogge, Ph.D. Preservation Consultant Archaeologist Ruffner-Cibola, Inc. Dames and Moore
Donald Bufkin Don Ryden, A.I.A. Historian Architect Arizona Historical Society Ryden Architects
Steve Chambers, Ph.D. George Teague, Ph.D. Historian Historical Archaeologist Northern Arizona University Western Archaeological and Conservation Center
Teri Cleeland Robert Trennert, Ph.D. Archaeologist Professor of History Kaibab National Forest Arizona State University
Robert Giebner Professor of Architecture University of Arizona
40 The Committee met four times during the fiscal year and considered 19 nominations and the delisting and change of status for 20 properties in eight Arizona communities: Casa Grande, Flagstaff, Payson, Phoenix, Prescott, Tempe, Wickenburg, and Yuma. Delisting.or changing status for National Register properties occurs when the historic resource has lost integrity because of demolition or excessive alteration. During the same period, the following properties were listed in the National Register of Historic Places (date of listing in parenthesis):
NATIONAL REGISTER LISTINGS, FY 1992
Oakland Historic District Ouly 10, 1992); Phoenix This working class neighborhood is made up predominantly of single-family bungalows of modest size, but also includes two major architectural elements, University Park with its recreational facilities, and the Phoenix Museum of History (formerly known as the Arizona Museum). The district is listed under Criteria A and C for its ability to represent early urban development of Phoenix and for its collection of residential architecture.
Woodland Historic District (July 10, 1992); Phoenix The Woodland Historic District is significant under Criterion C as a residential area composed mainly of single-family bungalows and Neo-Colonial and Period Revival style houses of modest size. In addition to the residential architecture, the district also contains Adams (Grace Court) School, Zion Lutheran Church, and Woodland Park. The district's subdivision and development history demonstrates the evolution of real estate speculation strategies as the perceived scale and speed of the city's growth increased dramatically during the first two decades of this century, thus making it significant under Criterion A.
Colossal Cave Preservation Park Historic District (July 10, 1992); Pima County This district is a combination of geological and archaeological features and simple architectural designs. The cave is a unique and large feature with 39 miles of subterranean chambers and was occupied by native peoples for at least five centuries before its discovery by local settlers in 1879. South of the cave is the Posta Quemada Ranch, once a component of the sprawling Empire Ranch, and the location of a large Civilian Conservation Corps camp in the mid 1930s. The district is listed under Criteria A and C for its association with development of tourism and education in the material resources of the Sonoran Desert in southeastern Arizona, and for the rare example of building style which incorporated natural building materials into the cave's landscape setting.
Craig Mansion (August 18, 1992); Phoenix A large private residence constructed in 1927 and designed in Spanish Eclectic style, this building is a prime example of the upscale luxurious residences which were built around the historic Phoenix County Club. It is listed in the National Register under Criterion C for the significance of its architecture.
41 Fort McDowell Archaeological and Historic District (August 27, 1992); Maricopa County Located on the Fort McDowell Yavapai Indian Reservation this district encompasses Salado and Hohokam prehistoric sites, historic archaeology related to the fort and standing Yavapai Indian historic buildings.
Snake Gulch Rock Art Multiple Properties (November 21, 1992); Coconino County Prehistoric Rock Art sites including: the Bullethead Site, the Checkered Men Site, the Head Hunters Site, the Rock Family Site, the Racketeers Site, the Twins Site, the White Man Cave Site, and the Wise Men Site.
Groom Creek School (November 18, 1992); Yavapai County A 1400 square foot granite schoolhouse with a crossgable roof which was constructed in 1936-37. The school is owned and used by the Prescott National Forest.
Oak Draw Archaeological District (November 25, 1992); Graham County This district contains 14 contributing prehistoric sites with a mixing of Hohokam and Mogollon materials dating to A. D. 500-1050.
Cady Hall (December 2, 1993); Patagonia This one story L-shaped adobe building was constructed in four phases between 1901 and 1912.
Titan II Missile Museum (December 3, 1992); Green Valley Silo No. 571-7 of the 571st Strategic Missile Squadron is a Cold-War related property from 1963, listed for its exceptional merit as the only remaining missile silo in Arizona.
Kaler House (December 17, 1992); Phoenix This is a small 1918 Craftsman Bungalow farmhouse located in central Phoenix.
Mulvenon Building (April 15, 1993); Prescott This two story brick commercial building was constructed following the fire of 1900. It is one of the few territorial brick buildings in Prescott which was not stuccoed over in the 1930s.
Museum of Northern Arizona Exhibition Building (April 27, 1993); Flagstaff Located in the Ponderosa pine forest north of Flagstaff, this building is a one and one-half story U-shaped building combining elements from Spanish Colonial and Pueblo Revival architecture executed in local materials including Malapai field stone.
San Pedro Chapel (April 28, 1993); Tucson This is a one story Mission Revival building constructed in 1931 for the Mexican village of El Fuerte, now a part of Tucson.
42 Depression Era USDA Forest Service Administrative Complexes Multiple Properties (June 10, 1993); Various This listing includes 18 individually eligible administrative properties owned by the USDA Forest Service including Guard Stations, Ranger Stations and Work Stations.
REVIEW AND COMPLIANCE
In FY 1992, SHPO reviewed approximately 2,600 federal compliance projects pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) and over 250 State projects pursuant to the State Historic Preservation Act. In addition, the office has continued to review many projects for several cities and counties as part of a cooperative voluntary cultural resources management program. As part of this compliance review process, a total of 2,822 properties were determined to be eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places.
Most of the compliance projects are routine and over half (1,544) of the federal reviews ended within 30 days with a determination of "no effect." However, some of the remaining projects require significant attention due to complex consultations involving many parties and jurisdictions. Examples include the Fence Lake Coal Mine which will involve open pit mining in New Mexico and construction of a railroad in Arizona, the effects of the operation of Glen Canyon Dam on the Grand Canyon, improvements to roads along the U.S./Mexico border for drug interdiction, and freeway construction projects in Phoenix.
The SHPO works with over 40 federal agencies to ensure compliance with the NHPA and provides technical expertise in a variety of fields: prehistoric and historic archaeology, and historic architecture and engineering. The SHPO also assists federal agencies in identifying other parties who should be involved in the compliance process, such as American Indians, local preservation groups, project sponsors or interested citizens. In this aspect, SHPO interacts with and provides assistance to a wide variety of individuals and organizations.
SHPO negotiated and finalized a total of eight Memoranda of Agreement and two Programmatic Agreements during FY 1992. These agreements are legally binding and designed to expedite the compliance process for projects and programs.
In 1992, the SHPO continued its leading role in considering the impacts of planned projects on traditional cultural properties (TCPs) or sacred sites. This is a relatively new aspect of Section 106 compliance which has been a challenge for all concerned. In 1993, SHPO plans to develop a policy for treating TCPs under Section 106 with the assistance of American Indians, federal and state agencies, consultants, and others.
SHPO routinely interacts with the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) during the planning of highway projects and with the Arizona State Land Department involving ground disturbing activities on state land. In addition, Arizona State Parks consults with the SHPO in the development of new parks and for planned construction within existing parks. State agency consultation also includes the state universities, and the Arizona Game & Fish Department.
43 The SHPO continues a highly successful voluntary cultural resource management program with Maricopa, Pima and Yavapai counties and with the cities of Phoenix, Tucson, Scottsdale, Mesa, Tempe and Fountain Hills. These municipalities voluntarily consult with SHPO about planned projects to assess their potential to impact significant cultural resources. Assistance is also provided upon request to private developers who are concerned about potential impacts to significant cultural resources.
CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT PROGRAM
The Certified Local Government (CLG) program establishes an administrative relationship between municipal governments, the SHPO, and the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Broadly stated, the purpose of the program is to increase local government and constituent participation in the federal historic preservation program by creating a formal role between the CLG and various federal programs. The CLG takes on a participatory function in the National Register of Historic Places nomination process, and in design review for both locally and federally-assisted projects. A special apportionment of the SHPO federal allocation is also set aside for use by CLGs.
The major requirements to become a CLG include passage of a local historic preservation ordinance, and empowering a local preservation commission to implement and enforce the ordinance. The SHPO then offers specific assistance in local preservation techniques, and conducts an annual monitoring and evaluation of the local program.
Arizona's CLG program was initiated in 1986, with eight communities joining the program in the first year. Two communities were certified in 1988, one in 1989, one in 1991, and one in 1992. The twelve communities currently in the program are Benson, Bisbee, Casa Grande, Globe, Florence, Jerome, Kingman, Phoenix, Prescott, Tucson, Williams, Willcox, and Yuma. In the next few years, the SHPO would like to target communities which are not yet CLGs and attempt to work with them to develop local programs. The emphasis at this point will be to focus on communities which have some type of program in existence, such as Tombstone, or which have strong potential for establishing a program, such as Nogales.
Several of the CLGs joined the program after extensive survey and National Register nominations had already been accomplished. This enabled the cities to utilize the CLG funds for public education and outreach efforts, and local preservation planning projects which are not normally feasible under the other SHPO grant programs due to the competition for federal funds with the remaining Arizona communities. Thus, the CLG program has generated a substantial degree of public interaction concerning preservation in the communities which are actively involved. Additionally, the communities have the advantage of an organized historic preservation commission to support the various aspects of the preservation process at the local level.
44 A complete list of CLG grant projects for 1992 is included in the section on Historic Preservation Fund grants.
Arizona's CLGs
Benson Jerome Tucson Bisbee Kingman Willcox Casa Grande Phoenix Williams Florence Prescott Yuma Globe
One of the SHPO responsibilities in the CLG program is to conduct an annual training session for local preservation commissions, and the local community support staff to assist them in carrying out their review responsibilities and strengthening their programs. Since most of the local commissions consist of seven members, the CLG program potentially provides detailed information and training in technical preservation to over 90 commissioners, and this number increases with program growth.
The annual training session was held June 4-5, 1992 in Prescott. Over 80 participants gathered for the "Historic Buildings, Safety and Access in the Nineties" Conference. Experts in the fields of disabled access and fire safety in buildings presented lectures on how these important community goals can be met while preserving the architectural character of significant historic buildings.
Elisabeth Ruffner, Conference Coordinator, stated, "Accessibility for the disabled and fire safety in historic buildings are truly two critical issues for the nineties. Only through a clear understanding of these issues can preservationists enter into a cooperative dialog with local, county and state officials. By understanding each other's concerns we can find those paths to mutual agreement as to when and how to apply alternatives, when to vary from the letter of the law, and how to develop equivalent safety and access."
Important concepts raised at the conference include: (1) the number of independent disabled people, currently at 17°/c,, will only increase because of medical advances and treatments; (2) improving accessibility for the disabled benefits accessibility for everyone; (3) included within the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and regulations are special provisions for historic buildings; (4) the first issue to address for a place of public accommodation is removal of architectural barriers to access which are "readily achievable;" and (5) if you own a commercial historic building it is important that you understand the ADA regulations, inspect your building for problem areas, seek assistance in applying any alternatives and outline an action plan.
Important fire safety issues include: (1) installation of a sprinkler fire suppression system is the best deterrent for both the life safety of people in your building and to the preservation of the building itself; (2) most fire codes now have a variance and appeal process; (3) seeking the assistance of a fire code specialist can avoid
45 unnecessary repairs while achieving equivalent safety for the occupants of your building; and (4) it is important to address fire safety issues within the overall concept of the total building rehabilitation and use before spending money on the wrong problem.
PRESERVATION TAX INCENTIVES
As tangible links to its past, a community's historic buildings reflect the unique character of its neighborhoods and gathering places. Various federal and state laws have been enacted to support the preservation of these buildings through tax reductions and incentives. Arizona's historic property owners can potentially benefit from these programs if their properties meet certain criteria. The two federal and state programs are summarized below.
STATE PROPERTY TAX PROGRAM
Residential Properties The State program offers up to a 50 percent reduction of the State portion of residential property taxes for homeowners with properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places, either individually or as contributing elements to an historic district. The properties must be maintained according to federal standards as enforced by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), and must be used wholly or partially for non-income producing purposes. The program is administered by the appropriate county assessor in conjunction with the SHPO, Arizona State Parks Board. The one page application is simple to complete, and must be accompanied by two 8" x 10" black and white photographs. During FY 1992, 184 properties were added to the program, for a total of 962. This represents a substantial increase in the program over the previous year, as indicated by the figures in the chart on the following page. The State Historic Preservation Office, through its Certified Local Government contacts, has been actively encouraging the historic homeowners throughout the state to become involved in this program. We believe that the continued growth and popularity of this program is reflective of the increasing awareness of historic preservation in Arizona.
The chart on the following page reflects the number of applications received and processed for the State Historic Property Tax Program from January 1, 1992 to November 30, 1992.
Commercial Properties House Bill 2404, which became law on September 31, 1992, is a welcome boost to owners of historic commercial buildings. As enacted by the State Legislature, it offers a potential property tax break to commercial historic properties which are listed in the National Register of Historic Places and which meet minimum maintenance standards. This new state tax incentive will operate in addition to the current non-commercial or residential State Historic Property Tax Reduction program.
46 Under provisions of the new act, the owner of an historic commercial or apartment building may request to enter into a ten-year program whereby the existing building would continue to be taxed at its current rate, but modifications, intended to restore or rehabilitate the property, would be taxed at only one percent of their full cash value.
This would allow the owner the opportunity to make the building presentable to potential tenants and allow tenants the opportunity to do improvements without the threat of large property tax increases. Then when the business has settled in and the improvements have been made (a ten-year window) the property would return to its previous classification with appropriate taxes charged.
In order to receive this tax break, the owner must make all modifications according to the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation, meet minimum maintenance standards, and complete an annual report detailing the condition of the building and any changes made during the year.
SHPO staff is revising the current one-page application form and accompanying instruction sheet so that it can be used for both the state property tax program and the new commercial historic property tax incentive. The changes in the application will make it easier for owners to complete the form and provide the required photographs. Revisions are also being proposed for the rules which govern these programs.
Arizona State Historic Property Tax Reduction Program 1992
NEW CERTIFIED DELISTED PROPERTIES 1991 COUN1Y 1992 COUN1Y COUNTY PROPERTIES PROPERTIES PENDING TOTALS TOTALS ------Cochise 7 0 0 6 13 Coconino 0 0 0 16 16 Graham 1 0 0 5 6 Marico pa 131 1 5 429 620 Mohave 1 0 0 5 6 Navajo 0 0 0 3 3 Pima 37 0 1 207 244 Pinal 1 0 0 9 10 Yavapai 5 0 0 32 37 Yuma 1 0 0 6 7
TOTAL 184 1 6 718 962
47 FEDERAL INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT PROGRAM (FITC)
While the state program offers an incentive to residential property owners, the federal program is oriented toward investment properties. The FITC authorizes a 20 percent investment tax credit for substantial rehabilitation of incoming producing historic properties, coupled with accelerated depreciation. Like the state program, properties must be listed individually or as contributors within a historic district listed in the National Register. Application for the program is made through the SHPO, with review and certification required through the National Park Service.
The Rehabilitation Tax Credit is available for owners of income-producing properties who undertake substantial rehabilitation of historic properties. The plans and specifications for the rehabilitation of these properties are reviewed by the SHPO and, after being accepted, are forwarded to the National Park Service, which has final authority over certification. In most cases, the process of planning, applying for certification, and project completion may take more than twelve months, so several projects overlap the fiscal year. The projects which were initiated, certified or were ongoing during 1992 were:
Copperstar Building, Jerome Glenwood Hotel, Tucson Fray Marcos Hotel, Williams Willard Hotel, Tucson Potter Ranch House, near Clifton
REACHING THE PUBLIC
The SHPO is known for the diversity and extent of its public programs, which are designed to heighten awareness of historic preservation issues and the unique character and value of our state's cultural resources. Summarized below, these programs include Arizona Archaeology Week, Historic Preservation Week, coordination of the Governor's Awards for Historic Preservation, and outreach to our constituents through publications and presentations.
ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGY MONTH
Arizonans celebrated their first Archaeology Month from March 1-31, 1993. Our state's multicultural heritage and unique ancient cultures were the focus of this celebration whose theme was "Arizona's Heritage: Share the Responsibility". The theme recognized multiculturalism and carried a strong, direct message of responsible stewardship by all.
Coordinated by the SHPO, Archaeology Month offered over 130 events and activities across the state, most offered free of charge. This 11th annual celebration featured a bookmark contest (sponsored by Arizona Archaeological Society), site tours, exhibits, open houses, lectures, workshops and other activities in every area of Arizona. Events were offered in the Phoenix, Flagstaff and Tucson metropolitan areas, as well as in Ajo, Apache Junction, Casa Grande, Cave Creek, Florence, Glendale, Globe,
48 Kingman, Mesa, Payson, Prescott, Fredonia, Sedona, St. Johns, Springerville, Tempe, Winslow, Yuma, many of the national parks, and St. George, Utah.
A detailed calendar of events and promotional poster were produced and distributed by the SHPO with the assistance of generous donations from Archaeological Consulting Services, Arizona Archaeological Society, Arizona State Museum and Statistical Research.
ARCHAEOLOGY FAIR
The Archaeology Fair, the main event for Archaeology Month, was held on Saturday and Sunday, March 20-21, at Arizona State Museum (ASM) in Tucson. Approximately 4,000 people attended the two-day Fair which was an unqualified success. The Fair was a partnership between Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona; the Arizona Archaeological & Historical Society (AAHS); the State Historic Preservation Office, Arizona State Parks; the Southwest Archaeology Team (SWAT), with over 50 other organizations who teamed together to offer two days of archaeology programs to the public.
The Fair offered many attractions for archaeology buffs, including five guided tours each day of two archaeological sites in the Tucson vicinity. The tours originated from the museum, and free transportation was provided by the SHPO. SWAT volunteers helped transport visitors on the tours, which were led by AAHS volunteers. The tours were filled to capacity, with over 500 people taking advantage of this unique opportunity.
Over 50 special displays and booths by archaeological organizations, museums, American Indian tribes, and others were also offered. Many exhibits included hands-on activities for children and adults. Demonstrations of prehistoric crafts took place throughout each day. Short 30 minute slide programs and readings were offered throughout each day at the fair. A different topic was covered at each lecture.
Guided tours of ASM collections and laboratories not normally open to the public also were a highlight of the Fair. Tours of the collections included prehistoric and historic pottery, masks, textiles and other perishable materials, as well as historic photographs. The Homolovi Research Program laboratory, as well as the zooarchaeology, traditional technology, human identification and computer graphics laboratories were also opened for tours.
HISTORIC PRESERVATION WEEK MAY 9-15, 1993
National Historic Preservation Week was celebrated again this year in Arizona. Multiple events were held in a dozen or so Arizona communities during the week long observance and included historic home tours, quilt shows, lectures, slide
49 presentations, treasure hunts and contests. For the first time there was a SHPO poster saluting the Arizona theme, Make the Connection/Preservation Builds Community .
Winners of the Governor's Awards for excellence in historic preservation and winners of the 1993 Photo Contest were announced on Friday night, May 14, at the Governor's Awards Reception. The four winning photographs, submitted by Candi Helms of Window Rock, John Keane of Tempe, Andrew Christiansen of Prescott, and John Crawford of Tucson, along with a number of other entries, were displayed in the State Capitol gallery.
THE SITE STEW ARD PROGRAM
The Arizona Site Steward Program is an organization of volunteers, sponsored by the public land managers of Arizona and the Hopi Tribe. Established by the Arizona Archaeology Advisory Commission in 1988, members of the Steward Program are selected, trained and certified by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO). The chief objective of the program is to help prevent destruction of prehistoric and historic archaeological sites in Arizona through site monitoring. As the program moves into its sixth year, we see it growing from the 200 volunteers at the end of 1989 to 450 Stewards at the end of 1992. From October 1991-October 1992, 5,200 hours were credited to site visitation with 2,213 separate numbers of visits made, and administration and training hours totalling 6,220. Regional coordinator meetings are held on a semi-annual basis with the purpose of giving each region an opportunity to discuss problems and successes, and to offer training to assist the stewards with commitments as the program leaders.
Program emphasis for 1992 was in developing training opportunities, and striving for a greater public awareness of the partnership which can be formed by those interested in preserving our heritage resources through the Site Steward Program. These same goals will be carried over into 1993, with the greater emphasis on training for the stewards in skills needed by the program and land manager. If stewards are trained in surveying, oral history, rock art recording, etc. they will form a sizable pool of volunteers for land managing agencies in these areas. A training session in oral history recording was conducted in Flagstaff on June 13, 1992 with over 20 Stewards in attendance, including a sizable representation of Hopi stewards. The oral history workshop was offered to the Phoenix Metro regions on November 14, with 15 stewards attending. On July 18-19, 1992 the second annual Site Steward Conference was held in Prescott, with over 80 stewards participating. The stewards were given training in crime scene management and using photography as evidence, with National Park Service personnel providing the instruction. Sheila Polk, Assistant Attorney General from the State Environmental Crime Unit conducted a mock trial and courtroom behavior lecture at the historic Yavapai County Courthouse.
50 The stewards are finding more to do than just monitoring sites and attending training sessions. In March, stewards monitored the Sears-Kay Ruin north of Carefree, assisting the consultant hired by the Tonto National Forest to stabilize the site. Four days a week, stewards from as far away as Chandler drove to the site and spent their day keeping an eye on the site so that newly stabilized room blocks weren't vandalized. In November, a number of stewards assisted with the stabilization of Sugarloaf Pueblo in Cornville. The stabilization project is being partially funded by the Arizona Heritage Fund grants administered by the SHPO. Also in November, three stewards recorded rock art in the Red Rock Canyon north of Gila Bend under the direction of Bureau of Land Management archaeologists Connie Stone and Jane Pike. Coconino National Forest has been keeping several stewards busy surveying and recording new sites under its land management. Time Expeditions, Inc., a touring company with tour-guides trained as site stewards, discovered and reported to the Coconino National Forest a group of pots and baskets located in a small cave in the Sedona area. This year, instances of vandalism have been reported by site stewards in Payson, Prescott, Holbrook, Maricopa County, Pima County and Tucson.
The Site Steward Program has expanded to include coordinators and stewards in the following areas:
Apache Junction Arivaca Scottsdale Flagstaff Phoenix Holbrook Arizona Strip Hopi Reservation Prescott Sedona Oak Creek Village Cornville Sonoita/Patagonia Bouse Parker Safford Show Low Tubae/Nogales Lake Havasu City Pine Congress St. Johns Kingman Payson Sierra Vista Quartzsite Tucson Yuma Tonopah/Buckeye Beaver Creek
In addition, 1992 also saw the creation of an independent support organization, Friends of the Site Stewards, Inc. Drawing support from both the professional and avocational archaeological community, the Friends have been able to fund two projects this year. It provided a contribution to the steward conference in Prescott to underwrite part of the meal costs for stewards. It has also provided funds to purchase signs placed at sites monitored on National Forest lands.
The Site Steward Program has matured and grown into a positive force in preservation, with active, committed stewards throughout the state.
51 ARIZONA OFFICE OF TOURISM Reported by Terrye Underwood
The Evans House History The Evans House, built in 1893, is the oldest of only two true Queen Anne Victorian homes still standing in Phoenix. (Rosson House in Heritage Square is the other.) Early Phoenicians dubbed this "The Onion House" after its most obvious exterior feature, the onion-shaped dome.
Dr. J.M. Evans and his wife Jennie lived on the first floor, where 8-foot high "pocket" doors connected rooms with 15-foot high ceilings, providing an environment of airy spaciousness. The upstairs rooms served as the doctor's offices.
A succession of owners followed the Evans family. Probably the most notable was a husband-wife team of doctors, Oscar and Virginia Mahoney, who purchased Evans House in 1908. He was first superintendent of the Territorial Insane Asylum; she was one of four women licensed to practice medicine in the territory.
Included in a 1940 survey which listed 11 structures, The Evans House was later placed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. By then, it had become a boarding house in need of repair, yet it was one of only three buildings recorded in the 1940 survey which had not been razed.
To protect this historic cultural resource, The State of Arizona purchased the Evans House in 1981 in hopes of restoring it for "adaptive use." Lying in wait for architects capable of its restoration, and the development of plans for its use, the house was boarded up for six years.
By mid-1988, The Evans House had become a significant visual element on Governmental Mall and an important link with the past. It also became a "home" again-the home of the Arizona Office of Tourism.
The Restoration The Evans House restoration is an example of "historic restoration certifiable for public use." Restoring a structure in this manner includes not only retaining the residential-defining elements of the structure, but adapting it for use as a modern office building. This was accomplished in compliance with the Secretary of Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation, which details modern building codes, such as mandatory public restrooms and access for the handicapped.
Several restoration attempts proved unsuccessful, until a restoration team evolved, led by two strong preservation advocates, State Representative Polly Rosenbaum (D-Globe) and Phillip Gordon, developer and president of Phoenix Intergroup, Inc.
52 Rehabilitation included replacing plumbing and electrical systems, all interior plaster surfaces, most of the hardwood flooring, roof shingles, doors, windows, and porches. Chemicals, rather than too-harsh sandblasting, were used to remove paint from the old brick-and-frame exterior.
The original outdoor staircase which once led patients to Dr. Evans' upstairs examining rooms, was enclosed to incorporate two restrooms and another upstairs office. A wheelchair lift was installed beside the north-side porch.
Replaced paint and wallpaper were carefully researched for authenticity; brass fixtures are period pieces and there isn't a Phillips screw in the place, because that type wasn't used during the 1890s.
The house, originally built for $6,000, was bought by the State of Arizona in 1981 for $115,000. Restoration expenses by Phoenix Intergroup, Inc. in 1987-88 totaled nearly $500,000. The property is leased back to the state for use by the Arizona Office of Tourism. As such, it is visited annually by thousands of people from around the nation and the world who seek information about the state's spectacular sights.
ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Planning and Construction Reported by Henry Mortarotti, Director
Please note that the following construction projects had the potential to contain significant architectural discoveries (thus requiring specific steps to be taken to protect such discoveries) and occurred on the Arizona State University Main Campus in Tempe, Arizona. These projects, it should be noted, were begun in cooperation with the State Historic Preservation Office:
• North Campus Parking Lot (temporary) and Amphitheater Construction This project will occur along the eastern butte (east of Sun Devil Football Stadium) area in the north campus area. A temporary parking lot for 60-70 autos and an amphitheater is being constructed. SHPO was contacted. The site was reviewed by Professor Glen E. Rice (Director of Cultural Resource Management, Department of Anthropology) and no historical value was determined.
• Matthews Hall Fire Exits This project entails the addition of exterior fire exit stairs from the second floor on the south side of Matthews. hall. This project was required by the State Fire Marshal in order to address a serious code deficiency. This project is currently under construction, and will cost $77,000. The State Historic Preservation Office approved this project in February 1993.
53 • Moeur Building Sprinklers This project is the result of a State Risk Management and State Fire Marshal requirement to fully sprinkle this building. The State Historic Preservation Office was consulted and expressed some concern on the potential impact on the building's lobby. SHPO reviewed a schematic design package for the building and provided written approval on March 31, 1993. This project should begin by July 1, 1993 and will cost $175,000.
An historical analysis for the University Archives Building was completed in order to determine what is necessary to upgrade this facility in order that it can comply with code requirements, have all its deteriorating elements renovated, be restored to its original 1907 state, and be analyzed for appropriate alternate uses.
In conclusion, a member of the Arizona State University Department of Planning and Construction attended a State Historic Preservation Office workshop on October 6, 1992, at which steps in the Section 106 process, State Act Compliance Procedures, and Cultural Resource Management Activities were discussed.
NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY Reported by Steve Chambers, Bill Mullane, Christian Downum, and Susan Schroeder
Northern Arizona University has been active in a number of diverse areas concerning historic preservation and archaeology during Fiscal Year 1993.
On the NAU campus, the historic district received new road paving, curbs, gutters, and sidewalks during the summer of 1993. The roads had a number of potholes caused over the past several winters and a number of sidewalks had cracked due to tree roots. The new paving and sidewalks conformed to the original lay-out of the district.
As part of the Northern Arizona Preservation Network, the NAU Cline Library in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Library, Archives, and Public Records, and the Flagstaff-Coconino Public Library, helped sponsor the Library Disaster Planning and Wet-Book Packout. The day long workshop, held September 11 , 1992, centered on appropriate handling of water damaged books, records, and other materials, and how to write a disaster plan for prevention and response.
During FY 1993, the NAU Anthropology Laboratories conducted a number of small archaeological survey and monitoring projects involving consultation with the State Historic Preservation Office. Most of the surveys were designed to discover potentially significant archaeological sites and remains within areas of proposed construction activities. These surveys and monitoring projects were conducted on state, private, and federal lands for a variety of clients, including the Arizona Department of Military Affairs, Arizona State Parks, Citizen's Utilities, the U .S. Indian Health Service, and Winslow Water Conditioning. The projects were conducted to provide compliance with provisions of the National Historic
54 Preservation Act and the Arizona State Historic Preservation Act. In addition, in January and February, 1993, the Anthropology Laboratories conducted monitoring and assessment of flood damage to various ruins within the Homolovi State Park. This was for the purpose of providing an assessment of flood damage and an estimate of the cost of repairs for the damage to the Federal Emergency Management Administration.
The NAU Anthropology Department also initiated the first year of the Animas-La Plata Project, a multi-year archaeological study conducted in southwestern Colorado and funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. This project is to assure compliance with a number of federal law and regulations, including the National Environmental Policy Act and the National Historic Preservation Act. The Navajo Nation Archaeology Department, through its cooperative agreement with NAU, also conducted a variety of compliance-related archaeological survey, testing, and excavation projects. The largest of these was the N-16 roads project, a multi-year effort involving excavation of sites in the path of a highway leading from Inscription House to Navajo Mountain. As part of the cooperative agreement between NAU and the Navajo Nation, the Navajo Nation Archaeology Department is now housed at the Ralph M. Bilby Research Center on the NAU campus.
In the spring of 1993, the NAU Anthropology Department began a complete inventory of its archaeological and ethnographic collections. This effort was funded in part by the U.S. Forest Service, and NAU. The main purpose of this activity was to comply with the provisions of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. Another purpose of the inventory was to identify, bag, box, and label the collections for eventual accessioning by an approved collections repository.
The NAU Anthropology Department sponsored a number of activities during Arizona Archaeology Month. Included were an open house of the archaeological laboratories at the Bilby Research Center, a weekly public lecture series, a collaborative lecture series and field trip with the Museum of Northern Arizona, and lectures to the Arizona Archaeological Society.
In the summer of 1993, the NAU Anthropology Laboratories began an archaeological inventory survey in areas of the Coconino National Forest and the private CO Bar Ranch adjacent to the Wupatki National Monument. The purpose of the study, funded by NAU, is to expand the coverage of the National Park Service's Wupatki Archaeological survey, conducted from 1981 through 1987. In an area of about 350 acres, approximately 30 prehistoric sites were discovered that were considered potentially eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.
The NAU Anthropology Department also conducted a number of archaeological and historic preservation-related courses and training sessions. Included were graduate courses in historic preservation and cultural resource management. Students participated in a number of field-based training exercises, including archaeological inventories, assessments, and stabilization activities on and around Wupatki National Monument. The NAU Anthropology Department also sponsored the attendance of several NAU anthropology students and faculty at a
55 cultural preservation workshop held in October at the State Historic Preservation Office in Phoenix. In May and June 1993, NAU sponsored the attendance of one faculty member at an international conference on cultural resources management in Florianopolis, Brazil.
As a public service to the State of Arizona, NAU employees served on a number of associated boards and committees including the Arizona Historic Advisory Commission, the Arizona Historic Sites Review Committee, and the Arizona Historic Preservation Advisory Committee to the Heritage Fund.
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Reported by Raymond H. Thompson
The University of Arizona strengthened its approach to historic preservation by assigning responsibility for all cultural resources and historic preservation planning and oversight activities to Campus and Facilities Planning. David J. Duffy, the Director of this unit, maintains close coordination with the SHPO and promotes the cause of historic preservation throughout the system. Under the aegis of his office, Professor Robert C. Giebner of the College of Architecture, prepared a report on the historic significance of the older structures at the University's Campus Agricultural Center on Campbell Avenue. In fiscal year 1992-93, twelve University buildings were surveyed and documented. Also during that period six repair and rehabilitation projects were undertaken on National Register, or potentially Register-€ligible, buildings.
These projects involved window repair and replacement for the Speech Building (the 1909 Science Building in the National Register); exterior masonry and roof repair to the Ceramics Lab (the former Seventh Day Adventist Church designed by Josias T. Joesler in 1943); reroofing of the 1904 Smith House (a National Register building which houses the Arizona Architectural Archives); seal coating of the interior of the 1919 Berger Memorial Fountain in front of Old Main (first UA building to go in the National Register); reroofing of Maricopa Hall (1929 Student Residence Hall in the National Register) using tiles made by the manufacturer of the original roofing tiles; and roof repair utilizing State Heritage Funds to the 1929 Loerpabel House designed by Joesler, which included repairs to the loggia by students from the College of Architecture.
The lawn watering system for the West Campus National Historic District was converted to a sprinkler system which saves water and labor. In the conversion, the berms and ponds of the old flood irrigation system were retained so that the original appearance of the West Campus landscape was not altered or adversely affected. In addition, bronze plaques were installed on three National Register buildings (1904 Douglass, 1904 Smith and 1906 Cannon-Douglass buildings), Intercollegiate Athletics relocated a new electronic graphics scoreboard to the north end zone of the Stadium to mitigate potential impacts on the 1949 South Stadium structure, and technical staff support was provided to the firm retained by the State of Arizona to develop replacement cost appraisals for University historic resources.
56 The Arizona State Museum, in the process of meeting its statutory responsibility for archaeological resources on State Lands, issued 88 permits for 52 organizations to carry out archaeological work on State Land involving 50 general permits and 38 excavations. Museum archaeologists received and commented on 401 State Land applications, recommending clearance in 183 cases and some form of mitigation for the other 218. More than 20 cases were handled under the State statutes protecting burials, eight cases on private land and twelve on State Land. Work continues on the inventory of museum collections required by the State and Federal repatriation legislation.
The Archaeological Site File Office issued 2516 new site numbers, received 950 new site cards, recorded data on 306 survey projects, provided service to 291 users of the Site File, including almost 10,000 copies of site information material, and responded to an average of 20 telephone requests for information per week. These figures document the steadily increasing workload that the Museum has been experiencing over the past several years.
The Museum is carrying out a major upgrade of AZSITE, the computerized version of the Archaeological Site Survey data. The new version of AZSITE is based on site file integrity review program and an improved and more explicit definition of an archaeological site which includes a new site card format and a consistent body of terminology. The site file integrity review program involves a complete check of all existing records and information. To date, 1993 records in ASM Quadrangles A through F have been reviewed and corrected. The continuation of this effort in 1993-94 is funded in part by a Heritage Fund grant from the Arizona State Parks Board. The Museum, the Department of Anthropology, and the USDA Forest Service, carried out a pilot project which resulted in creating computerized records of some 1200 site records in Apache Sitgreaves National Forest and the upgrading of 272 Museum site records in the non-Forest portion of ASM Quadrangle P. It is hoped that this pilot project will pave the way for wider Federal agency participation in the new AZSITE effort.
57 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Reported by Mary Kay Dinsmore and Brooks Jeffery
The College of Architecture supports two significant programs which strengthen its emphasis area in historic preservation. Each reflects the rich architectural heritage of our community and serves to address the mission of the college and The University of Arizona in teaching, research and community service.
The Arizona Architectural Archives, located within the College of Architecture, houses over 15,000 drawings related to the historic architectural development of Southern Arizona. The Archives continues to be a valuable resource center to the historic preservation community as a repository for architectural drawings, as well as providing research assistance to its academic and public patrons. In the past year, the Archives collaborated on the State Historic Preservation Office grant "Survey of Joesler /Murphey Structures in Tucson and Environs" using the collected drawings of architect Josias Joesler (1895-1956) as the foundation of the study. Joesler and his patron/builder John Murphey were responsible for over 400 buildings in Tucson and defined a romantic Spanish-inspired architectural vocabulary still revered today. The survey will eventually be disseminated as a photographic monograph of Joesler and his architecture.
The Joesler /Loerpabel House, built by Josias Joesler for his own use in 1936 and sold to the Walter Loerpabels in the late '40s, was granted to the College of Architecture in 1988 to be restored as a residence for distinguished architects and visitors to the college. With two grants, from the Arizona Heritage Fund and the University of Arizona Foundation, a new roof was installed this past year. Funds raised from an annual golf tournament involving the building industry community (American Institute of Architects, Associated General Contractors, Producers Council and American Society of Subcontractors) were used to repair the parapets, patch the exterior plaster and upgrade the electric and telephone service prior to the roofing installation. Additionally, the house and the surrounding property served the college as a living classroom during the 1992-93 academic year. Students and faculty participated in two semester-long preservation workshops where they researched, planned and built a new pergola replicating the previous deteriorated one, repaired the north wall of the house and installed a lintel above the window in the north wall.
58 The following state agencies reported that they had no historic preservation activities for FY 92-93:
Arizona Board of Medical Examiners Arizona Corporation Commission Arizona Criminal Justice Commission Arizona Geological Survey Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System Arizona Pioneers' Home Arizona State Schools for the Deaf and the Blind Arizona State University, Department of History Arizona Supreme Court Arizona Veterans Service Commission Attorney General's Office Auditor General Commission on the Arizona Environment Department of Corrections Department of Education Department of Environmental Quality Department of Health Services Department of Insurance Department of Liquor, Licenses & Control Department of Public Safety Department of Racing Department of Real Estate Department of Revenue Department of Water Resources Department of Weights & Measures Joint Legislative Budget Committee Phoenix Day School for the Deaf Registrar of Contractors Secretary of State State Banking Department State Community College Board
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