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Hindu Nationalism a READER Hindu Nationalism A READER Edited by Christophe Jaffrelot PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXEORD Contents Acknowledgements xi Copyright Statement xiii PART 1: INTRODUCTION: THE INVENTION OF AN ETHNIC NATIONALISM 1 Introduction: The Invention of an Ethnic Nationalism 3 An Ideological Reaction to the Other: From Reform to Revivalism in the Nineteenth Century 6 The Political Turn: The Hindu Sabhas Movement 10 The Hindu Sangathan Movement: Hindu Nationalism Crystallizes 12 The Maharashtrian Crucible of Hindu Nationalism 14 The Sangh Parivar Takes Shape 17 Hindu Nationalism and Political Strategy 19 PART 2: THE MAKING AND RESHAPING OF HINDU NATIONALIST IDEOLOGY 27 Swami Dayananda Saraswati 29 Two Extracts from The Light of Truth (Satyarth Prakash) 31 R.B. Lai Chand 38 Extract from Self-Abnegation in Politics 40 Har Bilas Sarda 50 Two Chapters from Hindu Superiority: An Attempt to Determine the Position ofthe Hindu Race in the Scale of Nations 51 CONTENTS SOCIAL SYSTEM ^ FOREIGN RELATIONS ^ 4 Madan Mohan Malaviya and Lala Lajpat Rai 61 Presidential Addresses at Two Hindu Mahasabha Annual Meetings MADAN MOHAN MALAVIYA: PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS, 64 AS REPORTED (1923) LALA LAJPAT RAI'S PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS, AS 69 REPORTED (1925) 77 5 Swami Shraddhananda Extract from Hindu Sangatban: Saviour ofthe Dying Race oe 6 Vinayak Damodar Savarkar Extract from Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? 7 M.S. Golwalkar 97 Extracts from We or Our Nationhood Defined ^° Extracts from Bunch of Thoughts 8 Deendayal Upadhyaya ^ Two Extracts from Integral Humanism 9 Balraj Madhok l58 Extracts from Indianization? What, Why and How * 59 PART 3: HINDU NATIONALIST ISSUES ^3 10 The RSS and Politics l75 Extract from K.R. Malkani, The RSS Story 179 Extract from Sri Balasaheb Deoras Answers Questions 188 L.K. Advani s Concluding Statement at the National Executive Meeting of the BJP, 18 September 2005 189 11 Jammu & Kashmir l93 Extract of a Speech by Shyama Prasad Mookerjee, in the Lok Sabha, on 7 August 1952 195 Preface to BJP on Kashmir 207 CONTENTS IX 12 The National Language 218 Extracts from Bharatiya Jana Sangh, Party Documents Vol. 5: Resolutions on Education, etc. and Party Affairs 220 13 Conversion and the Arithmetic of Religious Communities 233 Lala Lajpat Rai on Dalits and Conversions 235 Extract from Raj Eshwar, Paravartan {Back to Hinduism) : Why and How 244 14 Reservation and Social Justice 255 Extract from RSS Resolves: Full Text of Resolutions from 1950 to 1983 258 Extracts from 'BJP Election Manifesto', 1991 Lok Sabha Elections 259 Extract from 'BJP Election Manifesto', 1996 Lok Sabha Elections 261 Extract from 'BJP Election Manifesto', 1998 Lok Sabha Elections 263 Extract from 'NDA Election Manifesto', 1999 Lok Sabha Elections 267 Extract from 'NDA Election Manifesto', 2004 Lok Sabha Elections 268 15 Education 269 Extracts from Murli Manohar Joshi, 'Reorienting Education' 271 16 Ayodhya, the Babri Masjid, and the Ramjanmabhumi Dispute 279 Extract from an Interview of L.K. Advani 282 Extract from L.K. Advani, 'The Ayodhya Movement' 289 17 Defence 299 Extract from Jaswant Singh, Defending India 302 18 Secularism 313 Extract from Atal Behari Vajpayee, 'The Bane of Pseudo-Secularism' 315 CONTENTS Extract from Atal Behari Vajpayee, 'Secularism, the Indian Concept' 318 19 The Economy 342 Extract from S. Gurumurthy, 'Swadeshi and Nationalism' 345 Extract from Arun Shourie, 'This is India's Moment, But It's Only a Moment, Can We Grasp It?' 354 20 The Diaspora and Hindu Nationalism 361 Documents on the California Textbooks Controversy 364 Bibliography 370.
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