Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Gravitational Constant: Generalized Gravitational Theories and Experiments NATO Science Series
The Gravitational Constant: Generalized Gravitational Theories and Experiments NATO Science Series A Series presenting the results of scientific meetings supported under the NATO Science Programme. The Series is published by lOS Press, Amsterdam, and Kluwer Academic Publishers in conjunction with the NATO Scientific Affairs Division Sub-Series I. Life and Behavioural Sciences lOS Press II. Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry Kluwer Academic Publishers III. Computer and Systems Science lOS Press IV. Earth and Environmental Sciences Kluwer Academic Publishers V. Science and Technology Policy lOS Press The NATO Science Series continues the series of books published formerly as the NATO ASI Series. The NATO Science Programme offers support for collaboration in civil science between scientists of countries of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council. The types of scientific meeting generally sl)pported are "Advanced Study Institutes" and "Advanced Research Workshops", although other types of meeting are supported from time to time. The NATO Science Series collects together the results of these meetings. The meetings are co-organized bij scientists from NATO countries and scientists from NATO's Partner countries - countries of the CIS and Central and Eastern Europe. Advanced Study Institutes are high-level tutorial courses offering in-depth study of latest advances in a field. Advanced Research Workshops are expert meetings aimed at critical assessment of a field, and identification of directions for future action. As a consequence of the restructuring of the NATO Science Programme in 1999, the NATO Science Series has been re-organised and there are currently Five Sub-series as noted above. Please consult the following web sites for information on previous volumes published in the Series, as well as details of earlier Sub-series. -
“Gravitation” in the German Speaking Physics Community
Version vom 22. 6. 2016 General relativity and the growth of a sub-discipline “gravitation” in the German speaking physics community Hubert Goenner Institute for Theoretical Physics University G¨ottingen Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 37077 G¨ottingen 1 Introduction During the 19th century, the topic of gravitation had been firmly embedded into the teaching of Newtonian mechanics although, occasionally, other the- ories of gravitation had also been discussed during this century (Huygens, Secchi, Lesage-Thomson, Weber-Tisserand etc) [1], [2]. Gravitational theory as a topic of research was the exception, though; only its applications played a role. Focal points were celestial mechanics and the study of the Earth’s gravitational field – in the framework of the Newtonian gravitational force. Cf. the section “Universal gravitation” of 1908 in Winkelmann’s “Handbuch der Physik” by Felix Auerbach (1856-1933) [3] who in 1921 also contributed a popularizing booklet on relativity theory [4]. It seems interesting that even in the 1960s, in an encyclopedic dictionary, a rigorous separation between the entries for gravitation/gravity (with no mention of Einstein’s theory) and general relativity was upheld [5]. Here, we will follow the growth of gravitational theory, i.e. relativistic theories of gravitation, mainly Einstein’s, as a branch of physics in the sense 1 arXiv:1607.03324v1 [physics.hist-ph] 12 Jul 2016 of social, more precisely institutional history. Thus, the accompanying con- ceptional development is touched only as a way of loosening the narration and as help for a better understanding.2 As a first step, we will ask when 1We are aware that there is an overlap between work on special relativistic theories and past research in general relativity. -
Building the General Relativity and Gravitation Community During the Cold War
SPRINGER BRIEFS IN HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Roberto Lalli Building the General Relativity and Gravitation Community During the Cold War 123 SpringerBriefs in History of Science and Technology Advisory Board Dr. Matteo Valleriani, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin, Germany Prof. Dr. Bretislav Friedrich, Fritz Haber Institut der Max Planck Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany Prof. Gerard Alberts, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Prof. Dr. Theodore Arabatzis, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Prof. Dr. Tom Archibald, Simon Fraser University Burnaby, Canada Prof. David Pantalony, University of Ottawa, Canada More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10085 Roberto Lalli Building the General Relativity and Gravitation Community During the Cold War 123 Roberto Lalli Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Berlin Germany ISSN 2211-4564 ISSN 2211-4572 (electronic) SpringerBriefs in History of Science and Technology ISBN 978-3-319-54653-7 ISBN 978-3-319-54654-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-54654-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017948200 © The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. -
A Selected Bibliography of Publications By, and About, Max Planck
A Selected Bibliography of Publications by, and about, Max Planck Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 28 August 2020 Version 1.66 Title word cross-reference 12 × 5 [Pic25]. 14 × 22 [C.49]. $2.40 [Pic25]. 2:7◦ [Noe73]. $3.75 [C.49]. $6 [Hie68]. α [Pla06d, Pla06e, Pla07a, Why50]. β [Pla06d, Pla06e, Pla07a]. C2 [Has14, Men17, VD47]. ::: [Hof08a]. h [Ano47c, Bir19, Mil16]. -. [Sch65]. -Strahlen [Pla06d, Pla06e, Pla07a]. [Sch65]. /Almost [KSB63]. /Aufs¨atze [Ano48e, Ano48f]. /Butterflies [Ano46c]. /Death [Ano46c]. /Dr. [Ano46c]. /Einigkeit [MSQM63]. /Experiment [Ano46b]. /Fast [KSB63]. /Ferromagnetism [HD48]. /Friedrich [MKD+91]. /Fritzsch [MKD+91]. /Goethe [Ano46c]. /Is [MSQM63]. /Ist [MSQM63]. /Lenz [Ano48i]. /Max [BT58, Cah99, DT58, vBL96]. /Max-Planck-Medaille [BT58, DT58]. /Nobel [Ano46c]. /Papers 1 2 [Ano48e]. /Pasteur [Ano46c]. /President [Ano46c]. /The [Ano46c]. /Unity [MSQM63]. 0-520-05710-4 [San87]. 1 [Pla15a, Pla46a]. 1/B [Ano46b]. 1/Zerst¨orung [Ano46b]. 100th [HD01, Max58, vL58]. 10th [Pla57d]. 11 [You68]. 12 [Pla31e]. 12.14.1930/Albert [Ano69]. 130th [Gri87]. 14.12.1930/Albert [Ano69]. 15 [Pla14f, Pla16e, Pla23h]. 15.25 [San87]. 150 [Sta10]. 150th [Ano08f, Ano08a, Bec09, Jac08b]. 15s [McK27]. 16 [Pla94a]. 1646 [Pla46a]. 18 [Pla27b]. 1889/91 [Pla15c]. 1890 [Pla50a, Sti84]. 1893 [Pla94a]. 1894 [Pla94a]. 19 [MSQM63]. 1900 [Br¨u48b]. 1902 [Gae03]. 1906 [Pla06f]. 1908 [Pla09c]. 1909 [Pla09b, Pla10a]. -
Von Der Theorie Zum Fach Die Allgemeine Relativitätstheorie Etablierte Sich Von 1915 Bis 1990 Nur Langsam Als Eigene Disziplin
GESCHICHTE Von der Theorie zum Fach Die Allgemeine Relativitätstheorie etablierte sich von 1915 bis 1990 nur langsam als eigene Disziplin. Hubert Goenner Die Allgemeine Relativitätstheorie (ART) war zwar nach der Bestäti- gung der gravitativen Lichtablen- kung im Jahr 1919 in aller Munde, prägte aber die physikalische For- Lucien Aigner / Corbis Aigner Lucien schung im Gegensatz zur aufkom- menden Quantenmechanik kaum. Zwar befassten sich immer wieder einzelne Physiker mit Fragen der ART, aber eine Institutionalisierung Der Schwerpunkt im Lehr- und Forschungsbetrieb der Forschung auf fand im deutschen Sprachraum dem Gebiet der erst deutlich nach dem Zweiten Allgemeinen Rela- Weltkrieg statt. tivitätstheorie lag in den 1920er- und 1930er-Jahren vor it der Aufstellung der allem bei Albert M Feldgleichungen für seine Einstein und sei- relativis tische Gravitationstheorie nen Mitarbeitern. vollendete Albert Einstein im No- vember 1915 in Berlin seine jahre- spezielle und die allgemeine Relati- den 1920er-Jahren ergoss sich eine langen Bemühungen. Zu dieser Zeit vitätstheorie, gemeinverständlich“. Flut von Schriften und Broschüren waren viele deutsche und österrei- Auch Philosophen wie Moritz über die interessierte Bevölkerung, chische Naturwissenschaftler und Schlick richteten schon 1917 ihr darunter etliche von Kritikern mit Mathematiker wegen des Ersten erkenntnistheoretisches Interesse oder ohne ausreichende Fachkennt- Weltkriegs zum Militär eingezo- auf Einsteins Gravitationstheorie. nisse. In Berlin spannte ein auf dem gen worden. Schon im Dezember Einstein korrespondierte mit prak- rechten Parteienflügel agierender 1915 schickte der Astronom Karl tisch allen, die über Allgemeine Re- Ingenieur, Paul Weyland, den in Schwarzschild von der russischen lativitätstheorie forschten oder sich der Optik ausgewiesenen Experi- Front aus eine exakte Lösung für dazu kritisch äußerten.